Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
Telecommunication Networks Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center What is Telecom ? Telecommunication is the assisted transmission of signals over a distance for the purpose of communication. It is the technology of transferring information over a distance. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Information Information can be of several type: 1. 2. Audio – Telephone Text - Telegraph , email, SMS Pictures – Picture attachments Video – Clipping over internet Data – ATM to bank. The same telecom technology/service cannot communicate all the types of information. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Thrust areas in Telecom Customer premises equipment. Access Network Transmission Switching Computerization Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Communication – Fixed Lines Subscriber Line (2W) Inter-Exchange Junction Telephone Exchanges Subscriber Line (2W) Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Communication - Mobile Subscriber Line (2W) Inter-Exchange Junction BSC BTS Telephone Exchange Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) MS Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Sub Access Network Drop wire DP CABINET PILLARS DP DP MDF Primary Secondary DP Distribution Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center NETWORK DIAGRAM OF CDMA / WLL SYSTEM 2 Mbps DIGITAL 2 Mbps LINK DIGITAL LINK 2 Mbps DIGITAL LINK Telecom Network PSTN BTS FWT BSC ( V5.2 OR R2/NO.7 ) FAX .. MS BTS BSC : Base Station Controller MSC : Mobile Switching Centre FWT : Fixed Wireless Terminal at subscriber premises. MS : Mobile Station Today Separate Service Networks IP Networks PSTN/ISDN PLMN Services Separate Access Transport & Switching Networks Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center PSTN model Vs NGN model • Dedicated Network per service • Convergence technologies • Large Invest • Cost reduction • Multiple technologies / Knowledge • One Protocol, one Knowledge Voice Voice Network Data IP Network Video Video Network Storage Storage Network voice Data Video IP Network (for Voice, Data & Video) Storage Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center PSTN model Vs NGN model • Dedicated Network per service • Convergence technologies • Large Invest • Cost reduction • Multiple technologies / Knowledge • One Protocol, one Knowledge Voice Voice Network Data IP Network Video Video Network Storage Storage Network voice Data Video IP Network (for Voice, Data & Video) Storage Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Transition to NGN: Third wave Today Tomorrow Internet Telephone network Mobile radio network One network for everything IP-Network Multimedia Access - Advantages • easy to handle • reliable • mobile Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Outdoor Plant Purpose of External Plant Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center To provide connectivity between CPE & Switch. Advantages of copper over wireless. Dedicated channel for each customer More bandwidth than wireless. A TypicalRajiv Public Switched Telephone Network Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Signaling and Switching system Local Loop Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Outdoor Plant Schematic Pictureork MDF Exchange Side MDF Line Side DP TAG No PILLARS E X C H A N G E DP BOX Pillar 125 EXCG Equip No. Drop-Pair PILLARS IN Jumper PILLARS OUT Jumper MDF vertical-> Pillar In(hardwired), Pillar Out-> DP TAG No.(Hardwired) CPE C-DOT Switch Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center MDF (Main Distribution Frame) PILLAR Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Pillar/Cabinet DP (Distribution Point) Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Customer Premises Equipment Rosette Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Line Jack Unit (LJU) Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Types of Dialing Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Decadic or Pulse Dialing DTMF (Dual Tone Multi Frequency) or Tone dialing. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center DTMF Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Comparison of two types of dialing DTMF Decadic The interruption rate or the dialing rate is generally 10 Hz. Time taken for Decadic dialing varies with the digits dialed (for dialing '0' maximum time is required) On an average, it is possible to dial typically 0.8 digits/sec. Time taken to dial any digit is constant and it is possible to dial typically 7 digits/sec.. Thus, DTMF is almost 10 times faster. Electronic ringer Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Piezo electric transducer Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center THE CLASSIFICATION OF UNDERGROUND CABLES Jelly Filled cable Paper Core Cable. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center Jelly Filled Telephone Cables Conductor: Solid plain anneated high conductivity copper wire of nominal diameter 0.32, 0.4, 0.50, 0.63, 0.90 mm Insulation: Solid or Foam skin extruded polyethylene insulation grade stabilized. 100 % vergin material and colored as per requirement. Pair: Two insulated conductors of specified colors twisted together with pre-determined lay to form a pair. The cross talk is minimized. Rajiv Gandhi Memorial Telecom Training Center
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