Kufa University Veterinary Medicine College Theriogenology Majid ,A .Talal Fourth stag Fertility Tim 2 hours The Female Reproductive System )F.R.S) The goal -the pupils must be know after Lecture . 1-Defined the F.R.S. 2-The function of the F.R.S . 3-The parts of the F.R.S. 4-The function of the any part of F.R.S. 5-Department between the F.R.S. in cow bitch.sow.,ewe ,mare 1 ‫اخلالصة‪-:‬‬ ‫الجهاز التناسلي األنثوي هو الجهاز المسؤل عن االخصاب والحمل والوالدة في ‪‬‬ ‫اإلناث يتكون من مبيض أيمن ومبيض أيسر( يكون األيمن أكثر نشاطا في االبقار‬ ‫واأليسر أكثر نشاطا في الخيول) المسؤلة عن إنتاج البويضات و الهرمونات‬ ‫الجنسية (االستروجين و‬ ‫البروجسترون)‪.‬‬ ‫قناة البيض المسؤلة عن نقل البويضة من المبيض الى الرحم ونقل النطف من قرن ‪‬‬ ‫الرحم الى المنطقة الوسطى من قناة البيض حيث يحدث االخصاب وتتكون من‬ ‫ثالثة أجزاء(القمع قرب المبيض والحويصلة‬ ‫والبرزخ)‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ‬الرحم وهو الجزء المسئول عن تغذية الجنين والحمل والوالدة وإنتاج وإفراز‬ ‫هرمون )‪ )PGF2ά‬البروستوكالندين ويتكون من جسم الرحم والقرنين والعنق‬ ‫وشكله يختلف من نوع حيوان ألخر(أفراس‪ ,‬أبقار‪ ,‬نعاج‪ ,‬كالب ‪,‬قطط ‪ ,‬خنازير) ‪.‬‬ Anatomy and physiology of femalegenitalia  the female G.S consist of  1- ovaries.  2-oviduct.  3- uterus.  4- vagina.  5- vestibule.  6- vulva. Ovaries: the ovaries perform exocrine oogenesis  and endocrine function steroidogenesis in female, the ovaries varies in size &shape according to spp. , estrous cycle,age of female, breed and presence or absence of pathological condition, the structural &functional unit of the ovary is the follicle Internal structure and function  In most domestic animals the ovaries consist of a peripheral parenchymatous zone(cortex) containing various stage of follicular and luteal gland development surrounding a central vascular zone (medulla) comprising collagenous connective tissue rich in blood vessels. *What's the main function of ovary  Uterine tube(oviduct) They are tubular ,tortuous structure situated  bw ovary and tip of uterine horn (utro-tubal junction ).The oviduct derived from mesonephric duct.The length of oviduct in mare &cow 20-30 cm ,in ewes & doe 15-20  cm ,in sow 15-30cm  Why cannot palpated oviduct in rectal palpation ?  . The oviduct consist of 3parts joint together ,  the 1stinfundibulum adjacent the ovary , its free end &it's usually have fimbria to pick up ova ,the 2nd part is the larger part called ampulla , site of fertilization especially in ampulla isthmus junction ,3rd part is shorter& narrow part called isthmus ,the junction bw isthmus and tip of uterine horn called utro-tubal junction or ostium uterine tube *What's the main function of oviduct  Uterus Bovine Uterus *Bicornuate uterus with relatively long uterine horn . *coiled in shape like ram horn. *the length of uterine horn in cow (20-25cm) *the length of uterine body (4.5-5 cm). . the endometrium have special structure called carancles What deferent between bov .uter &mare uter? Mare uterus  Like T shape  There are no carancles in mares.  the endometrial surface is composed of longitudinal folds Ovine uterus  Like in bevies but small in size and little in number of carancles Canine uterus  Yin shape , Bipartate, Length of body 10-12 cm ,length of horn 12-15 cm situated in abdominal cavity . Swine uterus  Intestinal in shape ,length of body 5 cm length of horn 40-100 cm Cervix In all cases the caudal portion consist of  cervical a thick walled segment with a narrow lumen that act as sphincterregulating the flow of maternal to from the uterus.Situated bw the uterus &posterior part of vagina which called the vaginal part of uterus or portiovaginalis of the cervix. Bovine cervix  8-10 length ,2-4 cm in diameter , the cervix in bovine consider the guide to the female gentilia by rectal palpation , because presence of cervical rings 3-5 rings , it has cartilaginous in consistency but there is no cartilage, the cervix have longitudinal fold interrupted by circular mucosal folds. Mare (equine) cervix  5-7.5 cm length , 2.5-5 cm diameter have longitudinal folds . Ovine cervix  Similar to bovine but small , 4-6 cm in length , 2-3 cm in diameter, 5-7 cervical rings (anullar rings). Canine cervix  0.5-5 cm in length , 0.5-0.75 cm in diameter has longitudinal folds Swine cervix  It has spiral lumen to fit the boars penis The vagina  It make up a major portion of anatomic connection bw the uterus & external environment .  Extend from fornix to the external urethral orifice & hymen Vestibules  Extend from vulval cleft to the hymen ,that make up the vestibule-vaginal junction &urethral orifice.It resample the terminal part of genital tract and belonging to both the urinary and genital sys  The vestibule have minor &major glands  The vulva is just caudal to the vestibule &consist of two labia and clitoris. Reference  1-Arther, D . E . Nooks , ; Parkinson ,T. J . and England ,G .C. (2009) . Arthurs Vet . Reprod . And Obstetrics . eight edition . W . B . Saunders . P p , 5-12-21-22 .  2- Ball , P . J . H . and Peters , A . R . (2004) . Reproduction in cattle , 3 rd edition , chapter  3- Robert, H. and Walter ,A . (2004). Large Animal Theriogenology the main book  4- Peters , A . R . and Ball , P . J . H . (1994) . Reproduction in Cattle , 2ndedn . Black well Science , Oxford.  Thank your for listen