I. Stockbreeding Method History
Vision of Pedigree Registration of
Pig Breeds
Dr. Yung-Yi SUNG
Emeritus Professor of National Taiwan University
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There are three agendum of selection with
within stockbreeding method history : (1)1660s
the Royal Society of London for Improving
Natural Knowledge initiate the farm animal
exhibition as Royal Show continuously from that
day. Good quality pig exterior in it type and
conformation are improved popularity. (Fig. I.)
After ten decade, (2)1770s that belong to
Bakewell conducted with farm animal pedigree
as human’s registration of a birth notable as
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beginning of the modern animal breeding ; a
farm animal having a family of pedigree.
Bakewell speak to purebred breeders going
to associated a breed registration club for preservation the breed purity. 1797, Thoroughbred
herd book, Shorthorn (1882) and Hereford
(1846) herd book was published one after
another. 1884 British Pig Association was found
and is the official breed society that maintain
the Herd Books for the Old Sports, Hampshire,
Large Black, Large White, Mangalitza, Middle
White, Oxford Sandy & Black( Fig. I.) , Pietrain,
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Tamworth and Welsh. The animal breeds
registry system spread through the world.
Before long, these implement systemic improve
farm animals led to Britain became a big breeding stocks supplying nation.
After other ten decade, (3)1886 a live hogs
import ban was enacted by the German Diet.
Other than the U.K. English Channel away so
supplying the carcass or part meat for German
needs, other adjacent nation Denmark particular blow by this ban. But fortunately Denmark
covertly and quickly established a performance
testing station in Fyn Island to research in compare the growing ability and its carcass traits.
Be often it too in 17 years study, age of market
weight(90Kg) was decrease a 17 days, feed conversion ratio was 4.5Kg tremendous reduction
to 3.3Kg, in 1905 Dane announce publicly first
successful boar testing station in the world.
This last agenda of stockbreeding method
also rapidly spread out the advance countries to
established performance testing facility strengthen the foundations of the nation systematic
improvement method of farm animals.
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II. Pig Improvement System in Taiwan
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1908 Exterior; type and conformation
From evaluation pig exterior, pedigree registry
and performance testing its time series in
advance nations and Taiwan as follows Fig. II. &
Fig. III respectively.
1662 exterior; type and conformation
Taiwan
about 67 Years
Advance
Nation
1775
Pedigree
Registry
about 225 years
1887
Performance
Testing
Fig. II. Time series of Advance Nations.
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1975 Pedigree
Registry
1975 Performance
testing
Fig.III. Time series of Taiwan.
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二. 我國種豬改良制度的演變
比較先進國與我國的種豬改良，自評鑑其体型外
貌，至進行種豬的血統系譜之種豬登錄，到重視種
豬的性能檢定之年代進程如下圖。
1662年体型外貌
先進國
(約226年)
1775年
血統登錄
1887年
性能檢定
1.水波瑞峰
SUIPO
JUEI FONG
水波瑞鳳凰
SUIPO JUEI
HONG FANG
2.水波鳳蘭
SUIPO
HONG LANG
SUIPO JUEI SENG
Dam
SUIPO SU MI
Sire
1975年
性能檢定
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Dam
SUIPO HONG LANG
TONGYIN JOHN
Dam
TONGYIN MEI CHU
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(II)Duroc boar with double Plum Blossom Award.
3.水波瑞生
SUIPO
JUEI SENG
KIMLUNG MEN HOU,
Sire
WANG CHIAN
Sire
WANG CHIAN HONG LUNG
LUNG MEN
Dam
4.水波酥蜜
SUIPO
SU MI
Sire
SUN AN SUN CHAN
Dam
SUN AN CHUI HUA
Sire
WANG CHIAN CHIN Hua
WANG CHIAN Dam
SUN LU
WANG CHIAN CHIA Ho
5.東盈約翰
TONGYIN
JOHN
6.東盈美姿
TONGYIN
MEI CHU
第1號梅花獎金牌豬水波瑞鳳凰之血統系譜圖
SUIPO JUEI HONG FANG,
Sire
SUIPO JUEI FONG
我國
(約67年)
1975 年
血統登錄
(I)Landrace boar with a Plum Blossom Award.
Sire
1908年体型外貌
近百年
III. Pedigree for Vision
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Sire
Dam
WANG CHIAN
WANG CHIAN TAI PING
HO SH
Dam
WANG CHIAN
HO IN
Sire
WANG CHIAN TA CHAn
Dam
WANG CHIAN CHAU San
Sire
WANG CHIAN TA CHAn
Dam
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WANG CHIAN SHIN LIn
金龍門濠
D517-8
1911/7/24 生
種 99010
繁殖 25012
產肉 11356
高產 536
梅花 183
王將龍門 D101-3
種 93084
產肉 1206
王將紅龍 D235-2
種 80053
繁殖 19876
高繁 3316
產肉 10571
高產 465
王將順祿 D192-2
種 83004
高繁 2723
順昌順昌D77-5
種 70735
IV. Why not Synthesis but Pure Breed
順安翠華 D4023
種 63637
王將精華 D52-1
種 74381
繁殖 17424
產肉 7856
高產 315
梅花 76
王將嘉禾D8-8
種 46571
繁殖 9589
王將和時* D1664-3
種 88438
繁殖 18560
王將大倉 D1070-1
種 68778
產肉 8470
王將太平 D1353-6
種 78681
繁殖 19870
產肉8723 高產346
梅花 77
王將超善 D1055-5
種 68751
王將和穎 D1391-6
種 78601
王將大倉 D1070-1
種 68778
產肉 8470
*王將和時之近親度高達12.5%(=1/8)
王將心領 D1176-3
種 73338
繁殖 14994
兩顆梅花獎金牌豬金龍門濠之頂交(bottom cross)系譜圖
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○ Farms like improving their breeding stock
themselves and unlike to dependent on the
synthetic enterprise.
種豬場愛自己改良自己的種豬而無愛
依賴合成豬場所做的改良。
○ Hogs from synthesis breed are more uniformity in carcass evaluation but not fit for
live hogs oction market in Taiwan.
合成豬的屠体整齊度較好有利屠体評級但
其肉豬体型無適合台灣的毛豬拍賣市場。
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For the principle of “KISS” (Keep It Simple to
be Sustainable) was emphasized in the start up
phase of the pig registry system in 1974 by the
Industry/Government/academia cooperation
staff and fully agree with to emulate traditional
european method not synthesis breed.
○ Synthetic breed is favor of enterprise not of
intensive farms (hereinafter; farms).
合成豬適合大企業生產不適種豬場生產。
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○ Synthesis breed are significant improvement
in growth rate, feed efficiency, loin-eye area
but worse in carcass dressing percentage,
and estimated those heritabilities were not
sufficiently different from contemporary
purebreds as that additive genetic variance
had been changed by mixing breeds.
. 合成豬在生長速率、飼效、腰眼面積等都
有顯著性改進，但在屠宰率則較差。同時
估計該等遺傳率時則比純種者差，應係多
品種的雜交後降低其各遺傳變方所致。
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