Stili di vita e stato ponderale dei bambini italiani: i risultati
della IV raccolta dati di OKkio alla SALUTE
L’obesità infantile nella Regione
europea
Francesco Branca
Department of Nutrition for Health and
Development
WHO/HQ
Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative
(COSI)
• Only around 25% of • Huge variation within
Member States had
and between Member
validated national
States in data
prevalence data on
collection and analysis
overweight or
• Lack of comparable
obesity in primary
data
school children
• Gap of data on children
between 6-9 years old
Aims and objectives of COSI
• To implement a harmonized system across
the WHO European Region and
• to measure trends in overweight and obesity
in primary school children
– to fill the current gap in available cross national comparable
data on primary-school children aged 6-9 year-olds
– to have a correct understanding of the progress of the
epidemic
– to monitor the policy response to the emerging obesity
epidemic
Participating countries in COSI
% Obese and overweight
A north- south gradient of overweight (COSI 2010)
Prevalence of overweight among boys aged 7
years (COSI 2010)
60
50
49
45
45
40
34
34
32
30
30
29
28
%
26
25
25
24
24
24
23
IRL
HUN
LVA
LTU
CZE
SWE
BEL
20
10
0
GRC
ITA**
ESP
MLT*
MKD
PRT
SVN
NOR**
BGR
* 6-year-olds
** 8-year-olds
Prevalence of overweight among boys
in COSI round 1 and 2
60
2007/2008
50
% overweight
40
30
20
10
0
2009/2010
Prevalence of overweight among girls
in COSI round 1 and 2
45
2007/2008
40
2009/2010
%
overweight
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
8
9
7
6
7
8
7
6
7
8
9
7
7
8
7
Prevalence of overweight (BMI-for-age +1SD)
among European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys and girls) in 2002
BMI-for-age >10%
10%≤ BMI-for-age <15%
15%≤ BMI-for-age <20%
BMI-for-age ≥20%
No information
Source: HBSC 2002
Prevalence of overweight (BMI -for-age +1SD)among
European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys and girls) in 2006
BMI-for-age >10%
10%≤ BMI-for-age <15%
15%≤ BMI-for-age <20%
BMI-for-age ≥20%
Source: HBSC , 2006
Prevalence of overweight (BMI -for-age +1SD) among
European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys and girls) in 2010
BMI-for-age >10%
10%≤ BMI-for-age <15%
15%≤ BMI-for-age <20%
BMI-for-age ≥20%
Source: HBSC, 2010
30
Prevalence of overweight (BMI -for-age +1SD) among
European adolescents (11, 13 and 15 years old boys
and girls) in 2010 by “sub-region”
25
22,5
Sharper increase
21,3
20,2
20
18,5
17,3
%
15
14,1
14,7
15,6
15,3
15,5
16,2
2002
2006
11,5
2010
10
5
0
Western Europe Southern Europe Eastern Europe
Northern Europe
Source: HBSC – unpublished, please do not quote
Social inequalities in obesity persist in the Nordic
Region despite its relative affluence and equity
Source : Magnusson et al. Curr Obes Rep (2014) 3:1-15
WHO Global Status Report on NCDs
2014
The objectives of the report are to
provide guidance:
• To set national targets in alignment
with global NCD targets
• To implement a set of priority
interventions to attain national targets
• To report on progress made in
attaining these targets
WHO Global Status Report on NCDs
2014 : obesity in men
WHO Global Status Report on NCDs
2014 : obesity in women
WHO provides upstream policy advice to set
national targets
6 global targets for nutrition
to be attained by 2025
-40%
40% reduction in number of children
under-5 who are stunted
<5%
-50%
Reduce and
maintain
childhood
wasting to less
than 5%
50% reduction of
anaemia in
women
reproductive age
≥ 50%
Increase the rate of
exclusive breastfeeding
in the first six months to
at least 50%
-30%
0%
No increase in childhood
overweight
30% reduction in
low birth weight
Over 2,200 participants including:
•
Representatives from more than 170
governments
•
Heads of State and Government and Royals
•
85 Ministers and 23 Vice-Ministers from Foreign
Affairs, Agriculture and Health
•
100 Members of Parliament
•
30 representatives of the UN System and IGOs
•
150 representatives from civil society
•
100 representatives from the private sector,
consumer associations, and producer
organizations
•
Many opinion leaders, researchers, and
development experts
Commitments of the Rome Declaration on Nutrition
 Eradicate hunger and prevent all forms of malnutrition
 Increase investments
 Enhance sustainable food systems
 Raise the profile of nutrition
 Strengthen human and institutional capacities
 Strengthen and facilitate, contributions and action by all
stakeholders
 Ensure healthy diets throughout the life course
 Create enabling environment for making informed choices
 Implement the commitments through the Framework for Action
 Integrate vision and commitments into the post-2015 agenda
ICN2 Framework for Action
60 policy and programme options
•
•
•
•
•
Sustainable food systems promoting healthy diets
International trade and investment
Nutrition education and information
Social protection
Health systems delivery of direct nutrition
interventions and health services to improve
nutrition
• Water, sanitation and hygiene
• Food safety
European Ministerial Conference on Counteracting
Obesity & Vienna Declaration on nutrition and NCD &
EU Action Plan Childhood Obesity
European Food and Nutrition Action
Plan 2015-2020 – priority areas
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Create healthy food and drink
environments
Promote the gains of a healthy
diet throughout life, especially for
the most vulnerable groups
Reinforce health systems to
promote healthy diets
Support surveillance, monitoring,
evaluation and research
Strengthen governance, alliances
and networks to ensure a healthin-all-policies approach
Overview Policy Actions Implementation
53 WHO/Europe Member States – 2012/13
Labelling - nutritional information
Food Based Dietary Guidelines
Breastfeeding promotion and protection policies
Physical Activity Policy incl. Guidelines
Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
Programs in schools (inc. vending machines)
School Fruit Scheme (SFS) or similar
Salt reduction initiatives
Marketing HFSS foods to children - restrictions
Promote Active Travel for school-children
Reformulation - less sugar and salt
Policy
Actions
Labelling - signposting
Measures to affect food prices
0%
No Action
10%
20%
30%
Partially implemented
40%
50%
60%
70%
Fully implemented
80%
90%
100%
www.who.int/nutrition/