the GYPT 2015
2015 Josef-Effner-Gymnasium Dachau 13–15 February 2015 Welcome to the GYPT 2015 Dear participants, jurors and guests, This is the second time we organize the German Young Physicists’ Tournament. After a promising start in Kassel last year, we are looking forward to another tournament featuring hard and interesting physics discussed in exciting matches. We are pleased that we are given the opportunity to increase the spread of this interesting and challenging tournament by the Wilhelm und Else Heraeus Foundation. And we are happy that the Josef-Effner-Gymnasium and the district of Dachau have worked hard to offer almost perfect conditions for the participants of this year’s GYPT and the tournament itself. The most important information for the GYPT 2015 is summarized in this booklet. If you have any further questions don’t hesitate to ask. Looking forward to an exciting tournament. The tournament organizers. Florian Ostermaier Tobias Beck Michael Steck Visit www.gypt.org for the latest information on the GYPT 2015. Contents 1 Venue International Youth Hostel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Josef-Effner-Gymnasium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5 6 2 Agenda Friday, 13 February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Saturday, 14 February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sunday, 15 February . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 8 9 11 3 Tournament Rules 1 GYPT - German Young Physicists Tournament 2 Structure and Organisation . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Phases of the Competition . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Meeting of the Tutors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Realization of the Tournament . . . . . . . . . 6 Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Jury and Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Nomination of the National Team . . . . . . . 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 19 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Problems of the IYPT/GYPT 2015 20 5 22 Jury 3 1 Venue The 2nd GYPT takes place at the Josef-Effner-Gymnasium in Dachau. A map of the school and its surrounding is displayed in the following figure. Roßwachtstraße IYH J.-EffnerGymnasium H JEG IYH P H 4 Josef-Effner-Gymnasium International Youth Hostel Parking Lot Bus Stop H ed e ns tra ße J.-F.KennedyPlatz Fri JEG Siegfriedweg P Nibelungenstraße Erich-Ollenhauer-Straße GYPT 2015, Dachau International Youth Hostel All participants, jurors and guests are accomodated at Jugendgästehaus Dachau/International Youth Hostel Roßwachtstr. 15 85221 Dachau Tel: +49 8131 32295-0 The Hostel is accessible by public transport as follows • • • • Via the train to Munich (Central Station) S-Bahn S 2 in the direction of Petershausen till Dachau, Bahnhof City Bus Line 722 or 726 to John-F.-Kennedy-Platz From there, it is only about a 3-minute walk Check-In to the tournament is possible from Friday, 13 February, 12.00 o’clock. The rooms are availible from 14.00 at the latest. Baggage can be dropped off directly at the GYPT Check-In desk and will be brought to your room as soon as it is availible. The latest check-out time on sunday is 9.30 o’clock. Please consider that it is not permitted to bring alocoholic beverages from outside into the hostel. Additionally, the hostel is a non-smoking area. There are special offers to play billards (2 €), table tennis (1,50 €) and tablefootball (0,50 €). Free WiFi is available at the Lobby. 5 GYPT 2015, Dachau Josef-Effner-Gymnasium The tournament is held at Josef-Effner-Gymnasium Erich-Ollenhauer-Straße 12 85221 Dachau which is situated in direct neighbourhood to the hostel. A detailed plan A (018) B (016) C (014) Entrance Ollenhauerstraße D (012) Aula Gents’ Ladies’ GYPT Office Participants’ Lounge Mensa Entrance Siegfriedweg of the tournament site is shown on this page. It shows all relevant rooms and their location inside the main school building. 6 GYPT 2015, Dachau Match Rooms A-D The GYPT Matches take place in rooms A,B,C and D according to the schedule. All rooms are equiped with a board and a video projector featuring all common resolutions. The preferred connection types are VGA and HDMI. Participants’ Lounge During breaks, all participants are invited to hang out at the participants lounge. The lounge is equipped with comfortable furniture and WiFi access. The login credentials are: ESSID: Encryption: Password: GYPT-Lounge WPA2/PSK !HeimatUndLiebe#? Moreover, snacks and refreshments will be offered inside the lounge. GYPT Office The tournament administration is located in the GYPT office. It will be manned at almost any time throughout the tournament. If not, dont’t hesitate to contact us. Florian O. Michael S. fl[email protected] [email protected] +49 173 744 355 4 7 2 Agenda Friday, 13 February Time Participants Jury 12:00 - 17:00 Check-In Hostel Check-In Hostel 13:00 - 18:00 Trip to MicroNova Departure: Hostel Trip to MicroNova or Check-In 18:00 - 18:30 Address of welcome Hostel Address of welcome Hostel 18:30 - 19:30 Bavarian Dinner Hostel Bavarian Dinner Hostel 19:30 - 22:00 Game Party Hostel Jury Briefing (till 20:30) Hostel Trip to MicroNova MicroNova AG is a leading software and systems house and was established more than 25 years ago. The company currently has some 130 employees and is active in four business areas: Testing, Network Management, IT Management and eHealth. In the Testing sector, MicroNova develops hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulators and test automation solutions (EXtended Automation Method, EXAM) for the testing of Electronic Control Units (ECU) and control components. With the help of these solutions, manufacturers and suppliers from the automotive and energy sectors, for example, are able to test and 8 GYPT 2015, Dachau optimize all of their electronics and mechatronics while still in the development phase of a new product. Various services complement the Testing portfolio. MicroNova’s customers include many renowned firms, such as Audi, Volkswagen, Porsche, BMW, Continental, E.ON, Telefónica Germany and SIEMENS. The trip takes about one hour. Refreshments and snacks will be served at MicroNova. Groups departure from the hostel at 13:00, 14:30 and 16:00. Game Party Gaming is fun. And because of that, we are holding a GYPT game party. Besides a provided set of board games, participants are cordially invited to bring their own. There are no limitations to the games you bring along. So feel free to share your best fitness-, board- or pen&paper games with us or whatever you think could be fun to anybody else. Of course, the game party is open-ended. Bring a game, play a game! Saturday, 14 February Time Participants Jury 07:00 - 08:30 Breakfast Hostel Breakfast Hostel 09:00 - 11:30 Match 1 JEG Match 1 JEG 11:30 - 12:30 Lunch JEG (Mensa) Lunch JEG (Mensa) 12:30 - 15:00 Match 2 JEG Match 2 JEG 15:00 - 15:30 Coffee Break JEG (Mensa) Coffee Break JEG (Mensa) 15:30 - 18:00 Match 3 JEG Match 3 JEG 18:45 - 20:00 Transfer Hostel 9 GYPT 2015, Dachau Time Participants Jury 18:45 - 20:00 Dinner Tripple B Dinner Hostel 20:00 - 21:45 Billards Sessions Tripple B Jurors Meeting Hostel afterwards: Transfer to Tripple B 21:45 - 23:00 Transfer Tripple B Transfer Tripple B Billards Sessions The BSV Dachau is one of the most successful pool billard clubs in Germany. It is the home of the current number-one pool player in Germany and Bundesliga leader. Andreas Huber, who will be one of the hosts of the event is former national head coach of germany and has trained more than 1000 coaches in the physical aspects of professional pool. Our second host will be Johannes Halbinger. Johannes, who is a reigning European team champion, is the Bavarian record champion holder at the age of 20 already and is studying physics. The participants of the 2nd GYPT are given the opportunity to learn impressive pool tricks directly from the masters of their profession. The programe includes an introduction to professional tournament pool with a focus on it’s physical aspects. Following this, all participants are welcome to improve their personal skills in billards under the guidance of BSV´s billard players. The event takes place at ”Triple B”, training center of the BSV Dachau, and includes a dining buffet. A transport to the hostel is organized. It departs from ”Triple B” at 21:45. The program as such, however, is openended. 10 GYPT 2015, Dachau Sunday, 15 February Time Participants Jury 07:00 - 08:30 Breakfast Hostel Breakfast Hostel 09:00 - 11:00 GYPT Final JEG (Aula) GYPT Final JEG (Aula) 11:15 - 12:30 Award Ceremony JEG (Aula) Award Ceremony JEG (Aula) 11:15 - 12:30 Lunch JEG (Mensa) Lunch JEG (Mensa) Award Ceremony For award ceremony, our special guest Prof. Kleber of TUM gives a talk about his personal experiences with Heisenberg, followed by a panel discussion of the supporters of GYPT, including representatives of the German Physical Society, the Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Foundation, the District Chief Executive of Dachau and the Südwürttemberg Student Research Center, SFZ. Highlight of the closing event will be the award ceremony for the GYPT winner teams and the nomination of the ten candidates participating in the last workshop prior to the selection of the German national team. The detailed schedule is planned as enclosed: 1 Address of welcome Mr. Hartmann, Mayor of Dachau Ms. Kaff, Associate Director of the JEG 2 Invited Talk Licht am Ende des Tunnels: Heisenbergs Vermächtnis Prof. Kleber, TUM Munich 3 Review of the GYPT development 4 Panel Discussion of the GYPT Supporters Prof. Dr. Krubasik, German Physical Sciety Prof. Dr. Treusch, Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Foundation Stefan Löwl, District Chief Executive of Dachau Moderation: Mr. Beck, SFZ 11 GYPT 2015, Dachau 5 Award Ceremony Awarding of Gold, Silver & Bronze Medals Nomination of Workshop Participants 6 Photo of all Participants and Jurors Main Prizes 1st Prize: Trip to CERN The champions of the tournament are invited to visit the CERN super collider in Geneva, Switzerland. The team is given the opportunity to have a look at all major experimental sites and get in touch with the scientists. 2nd Price: Trip to DESY The runner-up team is will enjoy a trip to the DESY in Hamburg. The one-day trip includes a guided tour around the area and chance to gain first-hand information on particle physics. Participants Workshop Besides the main prices, 10 individual participants across all teams are invited to the GYPT-workshop. The workshop allows every participant to improve his/her individual skills in terms of presentation technique and speech under the guidance of professional trainers. It is held from 13 March till 15 March in Ulm. 12 GYPT 2015, Dachau At the workshop, five students each are selected to represent Germany in the • IYPT, International Young Physicists’ Tournament from 27th June till 4th of July 2015 in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. or the • AYPT, Austrian Young Physicists’ Tournament from 30th April till 2nd May 2015 in Leoben, Austria. Both Prices include a stay for several days at the respective site, which is fully covered by the GYPT organization. 13 3 Tournament Rules 1 GYPT - German Young Physicists Tournament The “German Young Physicists Tournament” is a team competition for high school students which is based on the principles of the International Young Physicists Tournament(IYPT)1 . The competition runs from September of one year to the spring in the following year. 2 Structure and Organisation Umbrella Organisation The GYPT is planned, organised and managed by Südwürttemberg Student Research Center (SFZ®)2 on behalf of Wilhelm and Else Heraeus-Foundation3 . General Co-Ordination Two general co-ordinators are in charge of the organisation of the GYPT. They are appointed by the umbrella organisation and are available to all participants of the tournament as contact persons. The general co-ordinators appoint further persons for particular fields of activity. GYPT-Centres Professional tutoring of the students in preparation of the tournament is done in the GYPT-centres. They are evenly distributed all over Germany and it is understood that they act as ambassadors to the GYPT in Germany. Each centre is headed by a leader who is appointed by the members of the centres and whose name will be given to the co-ordinators at the beginning of a round of competitions. The GYPT centres receive financial support for equipment acquisition by the Wilhelm and Else Heraeus-Foundation. Apart from this, each centre can claim financial allowance for at least one graduate assistant (20 hours 1 www.iypt.org 2 www.sfz-bw.de 3 www.we-heraeus-stiftung.de 14 GYPT 2015, Dachau a month) for the mentoring of local projects in preparation for and during the tournament. If it is considered necessary, the co-ordinators may apply for more assistants. Each GYPT centre may draw on the support of the GYPT mentors. The group of mentors is comprised of former members of the national team who support the students by offering advice concerning the particularities of the GYPT/IYPT . 3 Phases of the Competition The competition runs in three distinct phases. September subs. months February/March Meeting of the tutors Preparatory work at the GYPT centres GYPT (actual competition) 4 Meeting of the Tutors The leaders of the GYPT-centres, the mentors and all the others involved in the organisation are invited by the co-ordinators to take part in the meeting of the tutors, which marks the beginning of the round of competitions. At this meeting the leaders the organisers and the mentors are introduced to the leaders of the different SFZ-locations. This is also the time when plans and procedures of the current round of competitions as well as possible changes are explained and discussed. The relevant information is presented for perusal on the GYPT website4 some days in advance. 5 Realization of the Tournament The GYPT takes place at changing venues in Germany. Each GYPT centre can apply for the organisation and realization of the tournament at any time. The co-ordinators and the leaders of the individual SFZ locations work out a preliminary concept which is introduced in detail to all participants of the tutor meeting. The umbrella organisation organizes and 4 www.gypt.org 15 GYPT 2015, Dachau finances the actual tournament, the supporting programme and accomodation and catering for the participants. Travel has to be organised by the contestants individually, with travel expenses being refunded on application. 6 Participants Teams A team is made up of three participants. Each team selects three different problems they want to deal with from a list of 17 current IYPT problems. At the GYPT each of these problems is introduced by a team member. The problems and the names of the speakers are specified at the registration. Exceptions with teams of two participants (and two problems) may be allowed. Team Contributions The presentations and publications introduced at the GYPT have to be handed in some time before the actual tournament. After the GYPT is over, they may be used by the IYPT national team when in line with the scientific conventions of correct citing. Registration Registration for the GYPT is only possible via internet and must be done by the participants themselves. Registration is possible until December 31. 7 Procedure The tournament takes place on three subsequent days from Friday to Sunday. Friday is reserved for check-in formalities and an excursion. On the evening of the first day, when the tournament schedule is published, the teams can engage in last-minute preparations for the tournament. Saturday is the day of the actual “matches” which must be conducted in English and, as a rule, are open to the general public. On Sunday, the three best teams meet in the final, which is followed by the ward ceremony. 16 GYPT 2015, Dachau Match The way the matches are “played” is very similar to the IYPT fights. However, there is no such thing as the “challenge” and both the role of the “reviewer” and the discussion have been simplified so that a typical match looks like this: Time 2 min 12 min 2 min 12 min 4 min after that Activity Preparation of the presentation (team A) Presentation Preparation of the discussion (team B) Discussion (teams A and B) Questions by the jury Feedback by the jury Presentation The solution to one of the IYPT problems, which has been selected, is presented. Participants may use a video projector and a white board or flip chart to support their talk. Discussion The discussion is led by a team member of the second team. At the beginning of a match, the team decides, who is to lead the discussion. Each team member adopts this role once in the course of the tournament. The other team members are allowed to support their representative with their expertise, however, they must not assume the role of the speaker. The preceding talk and the white/black board may be used to support the speaker’s arguments, but a presentation in its own right is not allowed. Internet access is forbidden during the whole course of the match. Jury Questions Questions by the jurors are to be short, precise and directly connected to the physical problem under discussion. Within the time limit, each juror should be given the opportunity to ask at least one question. Jury Feedback After the jury verdict, both participating teams are given the opportunity to ask the jury as a whole or individual jurors for a short feedback. 17 GYPT 2015, Dachau Schedule The competition schedule (“matches” ) is published on the website on Friday evening, 17.00 hrs - according to the following criteria: 1. Depending on their respective GYPT centre, teams are divided into two groups who do not compete against each other. 2. Leaders, graduate assistants and mentors of one centre act as jurors in a different group from another centre. 3. The jurors are allocated fixed rooms and groups and do not move around. Ultimately, the following criteria are applied (in order of priority) 1. Teams of a GYPT centre do not compete against each other. 2. No team is allowed to lead the discussion twice with the opposing team. 3. If possible, each team of three meets five different opposing teams, teams of two meet three opponents. 4. Each juror sees each team in his group. 5. Wherever possible, age and academic level should be considered. Final The three best teams (depending on the points collected) compete against each other in the final match. The teams select one of the problems they have prepared and inform the other team about it. The problem is also published on the website. The three problems must be different. Should two or three teams wish to present the same problem, the team who have achieved the most points is given preference. The talks are held in reverse order to the placement (i.e. the team with the lowest score comes first). The discussion is led by the team doing the subsequent talk. The awarding of points after the final match is public. 18 GYPT 2015, Dachau 8 Jury and Assessment Jurors The jury is nominated and invited by the umbrella organisation. It is composed of persons from the GYPT centres, former participants and independent experts. Each match is judged by at least four jurors. One juror presides over the jury. He takes care that the rules are observed. All jurors are obliged to take part in the briefing of the jury. Assessment Each juror assesses both participating teams according to a score reaching from one to ten points. The points for the talk itself count double. Final The jury of the final match is composed of one representative each of the GYPT centres. The president is appointed by the organisers of the tournament. 9 Nomination of the National Team The German national team that is to take part in the IYPT is nominated four weeks after the GYPT at a workshop. The GYPT jury recommends up to ten individual participants who are invited to this workshop. The IYPT team is selected by the IYPT team leader according to the following criteria: • level of expertise and experimental work • capacity for teamwork • rhetoric and communicative skills in English • commitment and dedication 19 4 Problems of the IYPT/GYPT 2015 1 Packing The fraction of space occupied by granular particles depends on their shape. Pour non-spherical particles such as rice, matches, or M&M’s candies into a box. How do characteristics like coordination number, orientational order, or the random close packing fraction depend on the relevant parameters? 2 Plume of Smoke If a burning candle is covered by a transparent glass, the flame extinguishes and a steady upward stream of smoke is produced. Investigate the plume of smoke at various magnifications. 3 Artificial Muscle Attach a polymer fishing line to an electric drill and apply tension to the line. As it twists, the fibre will form tight coils in a spring-like arrangement. Apply heat to the coils to permanently fix that spring-like shape. When you apply heat again, the coil will contract. Investigate this ‘artificial muscle’. 4 Liquid Film Motor Form a soap film on a flat frame. Put the film in an electric field parallel to the film surface and pass an electric current through the film. The film rotates in its plane. Investigate and explain the phenomenon. 5 Two Balloons Two rubber balloons are partially inflated with air and connected together by a hose with a valve. It is found that depending on initial balloon Volumes, the air can flow in different directions. Investigate this phenomenon. 6 Magnus Glider Glue the bottoms of two light cups together to make a glider. Wind an elastic band around the centre and hold the free end that remains. While holding the glider, stretch the free end of the elastic band and then release the glider. Investigate its motion. 7 Shaded Pole Place a non-ferromagnetic metal disk over an electromagnet powered by an AC supply. The disk will be repelled, but not rotated. However, if a non-ferromagnetic metal sheet is partially inserted between the electromagnet and the disk, the disk will rotate. Investigate the phenomenon. 8 Sugar and Salt When a container with a layer of sugar water placed above a layer of salt water is illuminated, a distinctive fingering Pattern may be seen in the projected shadow. Investigate the phenomenon and its dependence on the relevant parameters. 20 GYPT 2015, Dachau 9 Hovercraft A simple model hovercraft can be built using a CD and a balloon filled with air attached via a tube. Exiting air can lift the device making it float over a surface with low friction. Investigate how the relevant parameters influence the time of the ’low-friction’ state. 10 Singing Blades of Grass It is possible to produce a sound by blowing across a blade of grass, a paper strip or similar. Investigate this effect. 11 Cat’s Whsiker The first semiconductor diodes, widely used in crystal radios, consisted of a thin wire that lightly touched a crystal of a semiconducting material (e.g. galena). Build your own ’cat’s whisker’ diode and investigate its electrical properties. 12 Thick Lens A bottle filled with a liquid can work as a lens. Arguably, such a bottle is dangerous if left on a table on a sunny day. Can one use such a ‘lens’ to scorch a surface? 13 Magnetic Pendulum Make a light pendulum with a small magnet at the free end. An adjacent electromagnet connected to an AC power source of a much higher frequency than the natural frequency of the pendulum can lead to undamped oscillations with various amplitudes. Study and explain the phenomenon. 14 Circle of Light When a laser beam is aimed at a wire, a circle of light can be observed on a screen perpendicular to the wire. Explain this phenomenon and investigate how it depends on the relevant parameters. 15 Moving Brush A brush may start moving when placed on a vibrating horizontal surface. Investigate the motion. 16 Wet and Dark Clothes can look darker or change color when they get wet. Investigate the phenomenon. 17 Coffee Cup Physicists like drinking coffee, however walking between laboratories with a cup of coffee can be problematic. Investigate how the shape of the cup, speed of walking and other parameters affect the likelihood of coffee being spilt while walking. 21 5 Jury The GYPT-Jury consists of representatives from the various GYPT-Centers as well as independent jurors. The later are a mixture of former IYPT team leaders and experts from different research facilities. There is a group of four experienced jurors one of which takes the chair over the assigned jury in the respective match room. Name Center Head Ostermaier, Florian GYPT Chairs Lehn, Rudolf Reichle, Rainer Schächt, Annika Bobinger, Ulrich German Physical Society, DPG GYPT Wuppertal Hamburg GYPT Busch, Esther Classen, Lew Durst, Jürgen Ebert, Falk Kratzer, Andreas Maretzki, Robin Neidinger, Marcel Steck, Michael Stimper, Vincent Vogt, Ulrike Völkel, Simeon Wechsler, Felix Winkler, Otmar Hamburg Erlangen Erlangen Berlin Dachau Bayreuth Lörrach Ulm Erlangen Hamburg Bayreuth Dachau Meißen 22 GYPT 2015, Dachau Indep. Name Center Beck, Tobias Student Research Center, SFZ Bad Saulgau Institute for Quantum Optics University of Ulm IPhO State Representative in BW Bad Saulgau EURECOM Telecom ParisTech Department of Mathematics University of Zurich Fujita Laboratory Tokyo Institute of Technology Institute of Experimental Physics University of Ulm Max-Planck-Institute, MPI Stuttgart I. for Complex Quantum Systems, ICQ University of Ulm Center for Advanded Photonics, MAP LMU Munich German Aerospace Center, DLR Garching Binder, Jan Bühler, Fabian Engelmann, Felix Fazlija, Bledar Forstenhäusler, Marc Marti, Otmar Miksch, Björn Müller, Matthias Stähler-Schöpf, Silke Wilms, Henrike 23 Sponsors
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