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 CVEN9855 Water and Wastewater Analysis and
Quality Requirements
Semester 1, 2015 COURSE DETAILS
Units of Credit
Contact hours
Class
6
3 hours per week
Wednesday, 9:00 – 12:00
Val 121, Valentine Annexe building H22
Workshop
Wednesday, 9:00 – 12:00
Lab 315, Civil Engineering building H20
Course Coordinator
and Lecturer
Prof Richard Stuetz
email: [email protected]
Lecturer
Dr Nhat Le
email: [email protected]
Workshop
Dr James McDonald (Field work coordinator and laboratory demonstrator)
email: [email protected]
Guido Ortega (Laboratory demonstrator)
Kelvin Ong (Laboratory demonstrator)
Dr Gautam Chattopadhy (Laboratory manager)
email: [email protected]
INFORMATION ABOUT THE COURSE
This course will address the presence and implications of impurities in water and wastewater. It will consider both
chemical and microbial substances that may contaminate various types of waters. Specific attention will be devoted to
analytical methods for the detection and monitoring of water and wastewater contaminants.
HANDBOOK DESCRIPTION
The effects of impurities in water and wastewater on its suitability for various beneficial uses, and methods used for
detecting impurities. Analytical methods used in water and wastewater treatment for monitoring and processes.
http://www.handbook.unsw.edu.au/postgraduate/courses/2015/CVEN9855.html
OBJECTIVES
The objective of the course is to provide students with a sound understanding of the rationale behind water quality
standards set for potable water supply and wastewater disposal. The course is intended to equip students with basic
knowledge of laboratory and online analytical methods used for water analysis and quality assessment. With this,
students are expected to be able to properly understand and interpret chemical and microbiological water quality data.
TEACHING STRATEGIES
Private Study
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Review lecture material and textbook
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 1
Lectures
Workshops (Laboratory Work)
Assessments (examinations,
laboratory reports)
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Complete lab report and assignments
Download materials from Moodle
Keep up with notices and find out marks via Moodle
Find out what you must learn
Summarise essential course material from associated reading
Hear announcements on course changes
Be guided by discussion questions and additional reading
Ask questions
Hands-on activities to set laboratories
Students must record results during the lab session and complete a
laboratory report with these findings discussed.
Ask questions for clarification during laboratory classes
Demonstrate your knowledge and skills
Demonstrate higher understanding and problem solving
Enhance your knowledge by undertaking necessary research to
complete these tasks EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES
By the completion of this course students are expected to understand concepts relevant to the analysis of water and
wastewater treatment objectives and verification. Students should have an appreciation for the rationale of water
quality guidelines and practical aspects of water quality monitoring for potable water supplies, water reuse applications
and wastewater disposal.
In addition to the formal lecture contact time students will be expected to read additional material provided during the
lectures and will be given additional references for further background knowledge. Assignments will provide problem
solving for individual sections of the course. Undertaking these assignments will put into practice and demonstrate the
student’s overall understanding of sampling and analysis of water and wastewater treatment systems as well as the
applications of water quality guidelines.
For each hour of lecture contact time it is expected that a student will undertake at least 1.5 hours of private study.
ASSESSMENT
The final grade for this course will normally be based on the sum of the scores from each of the assessment tasks.
The Final Examination is worth 50% of the Final Mark and the class work (assignments and laboratory report) is
worth 50% of the Final Mark. The formal exam scripts will not be returned. Students who perform poorly in
assignments are recommended to discuss progress with the lecturer during the semester.
Final Examination = 50%; Assignments = 50%
See additional information on eLearning (UNSW MOODLE) for final exam and supervision arrangements for
distance students.
Note: The lecturer reserves the right to adjust the final scores by scaling if agreed too by the Head of School.
Details of each assessment component, the marks assigned to it, and the dates of submission are set out below.
ASSIGNMENTS
Assessment Details
Marks
Due Date
1.
Assignment 1
25%
17 April 2015
2.
Assignment 2 (Laboratory Report)
25%
22 May 2015
All assignments and reports are to be submitted electronically via UNSW Moodle (by TurnItIn). No hard copies will be
accepted. No emailed versions will be accepted. Assignments and reports are due before midnight on the due date.
Late assignments will receive a 10% penalty per week or part thereof.
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 2
COURSE PROGRAM
SEMESTER 1, 2015
Week
1
Date
4/3
Topic
Lecturer
Rationale for water quality monitoring and analytical Richard Stuetz
principles
2
11/3
Bulk parameter, physical, and inorganic chemical Richard Stuetz
analysis
Trace organic chemicals analysis
3
18/3
Nhat Le
4
25/3
Trace metals analysis
Richard Stuetz
5
1/4
Microbiology and microbiological analysis
Richard Stuetz
Break
8/4
Mid-semester Break
6
15/4
Non-teaching Week (for internal students)
(Distance student Laboratory class)*
7
22/4
Field Site Tour (Internal students)**
James McDonald
8
29/4
Laboratory class Part 1 (Internal students)
James McDonald
9
6/5
Laboratory class Part 2 (Internal students)
James McDonald
10
13/5
Online (continuous monitoring) analytical techniques
Richard Stuetz
11
20/5
Odour measurement and assessment
Richard Stuetz
12
27/5
Statistics of data analysis
Nhat Le
13
3/6
Water quality and public health in drinking and Michael Storey
recycled waters (Sydney Water Presentation)
* TBC: proposed date for distance students to attend one day Laboratory class
**Additional details on eLearning (UNSW MOODLE)
RELEVANT RESOURCES
•
No specific textbook recommended.
•
Useful reference books:
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 3
Water Quality & Treatment: A Handbook on Drinking Water, 6th Edition. (2011) Edzwald JK (Ed). McGraw-Hill
Professional. ISBN: 978-0-07-163011-5.
Rice, E. W, Baird R. B, Eaton, A. D. and Clesceri, L. S. (Eds.) (2012) Standard Methods for the Examination of
nd
Water & Wastewater, 22 Edition. American Public Health Association, Washington DC, USA.
Khan SJ (2010) Quantitative Chemical Exposure Assessment for Water Recycling Schemes. Waterlines Series
No 27, National Water Commission, Canberra. ISBN: 978-1-921107-94-8..
http://www.nwc.gov.au/resources/documents/Waterlines_Quantative_Chemical_Exposure.pdf
• Useful journal articles (most available for free download through UNSW library):
Ademollo, N., Patrolecco, L., Polesello, S., Valsecchi, S., Wollgast, J., Mariani, G. and Hanke, G. (2012) The
analytical problem of measuring total concentrations of organic pollutants in whole water. Trends Anal.
Chem, 36, 71-81.
Alothman, Z. A., Khan, M. R., Wabaidur, S. M. and Siddiqui, M. R. (2012) Persistent Organic Pollutants:
Overview of their extraction and estimation. Sensor Letters, 10(3-4), 698-704.
Andrade-Eiroa A, Canle M, Cerda V. (2013) Environmental Applications of Excitation-Emission
Spectrofluorimetry: An In-Depth Review I. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 48 (1):1-49.
Andrade-Eiroa A, Canle M, Cerda V. (2013) Environmental Applications of Excitation-Emission
Spectrofluorimetry: An In-Depth Review II. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews 48 (2):77-141.
Badjagbo, K. and Sauve, S. (2012) Mass spectrometry for trace analysis of explosives in water. Critical
Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 42(3), 257-271.
Bhaduri, P., Stedtfeld, R. D., Srinivasan, S., Kostic, T., Herzog, A. B., Kronlein, M. R., Stedtfeld, T., Liu, Y. C.
and Hashsham, S. A. (2012) Detection and occurrence of indicator organisms and pathogens. Water
Environ. Res., 84(10), 786-813.
Bisutti, I., Hilke, I. and Raessler, M. (2004) Determination of total organic carbon - an overview of current
methods. Trends Anal. Chem, 23(10-11), 716-726.
Bourgeois, W., Burgess, J. E. and Stuetz, R. M. (2001) On-line monitoring of wastewater quality: a review. J.
Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 76(4), 337-348.
Burylin, M. Y. and Temerdashev, Z. A. (2013) Permanent Chemical Modifiers in Electrothermal Atomic
Absorption Spectroscopic Analysis: A Review. Inorganic Materials, 49(14), 1264-1271.
Butler, O. T., Cairns, W. R. L., Cook, J. M. and Davidson, C. M. (2012) Atomic spectrometry update.
Environmental analysis. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 27(2), 187-221.
Capdeville, M. J. and Budzinski, H. (2011) Trace-level analysis of organic contaminants in drinking waters and
groundwaters. Trends Anal. Chem, 30(4), 586-606.
Chong, S. S., Abdul Aziz, A. R. and Harun, S. W. (2013) Fibre Optic Sensors for Selected Wastewater
Characteristics. Sensors, 13(7), 8640-8668.
Christoforidou, E. P., Riza, E., Kales, S. N., Hadjistavrou, K., Stoltidi, M., Kastania, A. N. and Linos, A. (2013)
Bladder cancer and arsenic through drinking water: A systematic review of epidemiologic evidence. J.
Environ. Sci. Heal. A, 48(14), 1764-1775.
Connon, R. E., Geist, J. and Werner, I. (2012) Effect-Based Tools for Monitoring and Predicting the
Ecotoxicological Effects of Chemicals in the Aquatic Environment. Sensors, 12(9), 12741-12771.
Gago-Ferrero, P., Diaz-Cruz, M. S. and Barcelo, D. (2013) Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
for the multi-residue analysis of organic UV filters and their transformation products in the aquatic
environment. Analytical Methods, 5(2), 355-366.
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 4
Gonzalez, S., Lopez-Roldan, R. and Cortina, J. L. (2013) Presence of metals in drinking water distribution
networks due to pipe material leaching: a review. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry, 95(6), 870889.
Guillarme, D., Schappler, J., Rudaz, S. and Veuthey, J. L. (2010) Coupling ultra-high-pressure liquid
chromatography with mass spectrometry. Trends Anal. Chem, 29(1), 15-27.
Gupta, V. K., Nayak, A., Agarwal, S., Dobhal, R., Uniyal, D. P., Singh, P., Sharma, B., Tyagi, S. and Singh, R.
(2012) Arsenic speciation analysis and remediation techniques in drinking water. Desalination and Water
Treatment, 40(1-3), 231-243.
Harman, C., Allan, I. J. and Vermeirssen, E. L. M. (2012) Calibration and use of the polar organic chemical
integrative sampler-a critical review. Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 31(12), 2724-2738.
Harrington, C. F., Clough, R., Hansen, H. R., Hill, S. J. and Tyson, J. F. (2010) Atomic spectrometry update.
Elemental speciation. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 25(8), 1185-1216.
Henderson, R. K., Baker, A., Murphy, K. R., Hamblya, A., Stuetz, R. M. and Khan, S. J. (2009) Fluorescence as
a potential monitoring tool for recycled water systems: A review. Water Research, 43(4), 863-881.
Hudson, N., Baker, A. and Reynolds, D. (2007) Fluorescence analysis of dissolved organic matter in natural,
waste and polluted waters - A review. River Research and Applications, 23(6), 631-649.
Jeong, H. S., Lee, S. H. and Shin, H. S. (2007) Feasibility of on-line measurement of sewage components using
the UV absorbance and the neural network. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 133(1-3), 15-24.
Jouanneau S, Recoules L, Durand MJ, Boukabache A, Picot V, Primault Y, Lakel A, Sengelin M, Barillon B,
Thouand G. (2014) Methods for assessing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD): A review. Water Research.
49 (0):62-82.
Kaushik, R. and Balasubramanian, R. (2013) Methods and Approaches Used for Detection of Cyanotoxins in
Environmental Samples: A Review. Crit. Rev. Env. Sci. Tech., 43(13), 1349-1383.
Kitis, M., Karanfil, T., Kilduff, J. E. and Wigton, A. (2001) The reactivity of natural organic matter to disinfection
byproducts formation and its relation to specific ultraviolet absorbance. Water Science and Technology,
43(2), 9-16.
Kitis, M., Karanfil, T., Wigton, A. and Kilduff, J. E. (2002) Probing reactivity of dissolved organic matter for
disinfection by-product formation using XAD-8 resin adsorption and ultrafiltration fractionation. Water
Research, 36(15), 3834-3848.
Kozlowska-Tylingo, K., Namiesnik, J. and Gorecki, T. (2010) Determination of Estrogenic Endocrine Disruptors
in Environmental Samples-A Review of Chromatographic Methods. Critical Reviews in Analytical
Chemistry, 40(3), 194-201.
Langergraber, G., Fleischmann, N. and Hofstadter, F. (2003) A multivariate calibration procedure for UV/VIS
spectrometric quantification of organic matter and nitrate in wastewater. Water Science and Technology,
47(2), 63-71.
Le Bonte, S., Pons, M. N., Potier, O., Chanel, S. and Baklouti, M. (2002) Generic monitoring tools for water
characteristics assessment. Water Science & Technology: Water Supply, 3(1-2), 351-357.
Ma, J. A. and Dasgupta, P. K. (2010) Recent developments in cyanide detection: A review. Anal. Chim. Acta,
673(2), 117-125.
Makinson, K. A., Hamby, D. M. and Edwards, J. A. (2012) A review of contemporary methods for the
presentation of scientific uncertainty. Health Physics, 103(6), 714-731.
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 5
Mesquita, D. P., Amaral, A. L. and Ferreira, E. C. (2013) Activated sludge characterization through microscopy:
A review on quantitative image analysis and chemometric techniques. Anal. Chim. Acta, 802, 14-28.
Michalski, R. (2013) Application of IC-MS and IC-ICP-MS in Environmental Research. Spectroscopy, 28-31.
Michalski, R. and Lyko, A. (2013) Bromate Determination: State of the Art. Critical Reviews in Analytical
Chemistry, 43(2), 100-122.
Mompelat, S., Jaffrezic, A., Jarde, E. and Le Bot, B. (2013) Storage of natural water samples and preservation
techniques for pharmaceutical quantification. Talanta, 109, 31-45.
Nerin, C., Salafranca, J., Aznar, M. and Batlle, R. (2009) Critical review on recent developments in solventless
techniques for extraction of analytes. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 393(3), 809-833.
Oliveira, R. D. and Santelli, R. E. (2010) Occurrence and chemical speciation analysis of organotin compounds
in the environment: A review. Talanta, 82(1), 9-24.
Ort, C., Lawrence, M. G., Reungoat, J. and Mueller, J. F. (2010) Sampling for PPCPs in Wastewater Systems:
Comparison of Different Sampling Modes and Optimization Strategies. Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(16),
6289-6296.
Ort, C., Lawrence, M. G., Rieckermann, J. and Joss, A. (2010) Sampling for Pharmaceuticals and Personal
Care Products (PPCPs) and Illicit Drugs in Wastewater Systems: Are Your Conclusions Valid? A Critical
Review. Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(16), 6024-6035.
Pakade, Y. B. and Tewary, D. K. (2010) Development and applications of single-drop microextraction for
pesticide residue analysis: A review. J. Separation Sci., 33(23-24), 3683-3691.
Pinto, M. I., Sontag, G., Bernardino, R. J. and Noronha, J. P. (2010) Pesticides in water and the performance of
the liquid-phase microextraction based techniques. A review. Microchemical Journal, 96(2), 225-237.
Popp, M., Hann, S. and Koellensperger, G. (2010) Environmental application of elemental speciation analysis
based on liquid or gas chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry-A
review. Anal. Chim. Acta, 668(2), 114-129.
Post, G. B., Cohn, P. D. and Cooper, K. R. (2012) Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an emerging drinking water
contaminant: A critical review of recent literature. Environ. Res., 116, 93-117.
Ragavan, K. V., Rastogi, N. K. and Thakur, M. S. (2013) Sensors and biosensors for analysis of bisphenol-A.
Trends Anal. Chem, 52, 248-260.
Ravelo-Perez, L. M., Herrera-Herrera, A. V., Hernandez-Borges, J. and Rodriguez-Delgado, M. A. (2010)
Carbon nanotubes: Solid-phase extraction. J. Chromatogr. A, 1217(16), 2618-2641.
Reynolds, D. M. (2002) The differentiation of biodegradable and non-biodegradable dissolved organic matter in
wastewaters using fluorescence spectroscopy. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 77(8),
965-972.
Rezaee, M., Yamini, Y. and Faraji, M. (2010) Evolution of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method. J.
Chromatogr. A, 1217(16), 2342-2357.
Richardson, S. D. (2012) Environmental Mass Spectrometry: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues. Anal.
Chem., 84(2), 747-778.
Richardson, S. D. and Ternes, T. A. (2011) Water Analysis: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues. Anal.
Chem., 83(12), 4614-4648.
Rieger, L., Langergraber, G., Thomann, M., Fleischmann, N. and Siegrist, H. (2004) Spectral in-situ analysis of
NO2, NO3, COD, DOC and TSS in the effluent of a WWTP. Water Science & Technology, 50(11), 143152.
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 6
Sanchez-Rodas, D., Corns, W. T., Chen, B. and Stockwell, P. B. (2010) Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry: a
suitable detection technique in speciation studies for arsenic, selenium, antimony and mercury. Journal of
Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 25(7), 933-946.
Tankiewicz, M., Fenik, J. and Biziuk, M. (2011) Solventless and solvent-minimized sample preparation
techniques for determining currently used pesticides in water samples: A review. Talanta, 86, 8-22.
Thomas, O. and Constant, D. (2004) Trends in optical monitoring. Water Science & Technology, 49(1), 1-8.
Tomsikova, H., Aufartova, J., Solich, P., Sosa-Ferrera, Z., Santana-Rodriguez, J. J. and Novakova, L. (2012)
High-sensitivity analysis of female-steroid hormones in environmental samples. Trends Anal. Chem, 34,
35-58.
Trinh, T., Harden, N. B., Coleman, H. M. and Khan, S. J. (2011) Simultaneous determination of estrogenic and
androgenic hormones in water by isotope dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J.
Chromatogr. A, 1218(12), 1668-1676.
Vanderford, B. J., Mawhinney, D. B., Trenholm, R. A., Zeigler-Holady, J. C. and Snyder, S. A. (2011)
Assessment of sample preservation techniques for pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and steroids
in surface and drinking water. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 399(6), 2227-2234.
Vasel, J. L. and Praet, E. (2002) On the use of fluorescence measurements to characterize wastewater. Water
Science & Technology, 45(4-5), 109-116.
Visco, G., Campanella, L. and Nobili, V. (2005) Organic carbons and TOC in waters: an overview of the
international norm for its measurements. Microchemical Journal, 79(1-2), 185-191.
Volk, C., Wood, L., Johnson, B., Robinson, J., Zhu, H. W. and Kaplan, L. (2002) Monitoring dissolved organic
carbon in surface and drinking waters. Journal of Environmental Monitoring, 4(1), 43-47.
Warwick, C., Guerreiro, A. and Soares, A. (2013) Sensing and analysis of soluble phosphates in environmental
samples: A review. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 41, 1-11.
Wei, K. L., Wen, Z. Y., Wu, X., Zhang, Z. W. and Zeng, T. L. (2011) Research Advances in Water Quality
Monitoring Technology Based on UV-Vis Spectrum Analysis. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 31(4),
1074-1077.
Wu, J., Pons, M. N. and Potier, O. (2006) Wastewater fingerprinting by UV-visible and synchronous
fluorescence spectroscopy. Water Science & Technology, 53(4-5), 449-456.
Zhang, J. and Zhang, C. (2012) Sampling and sampling strategies for environmental analysis. Int. J. Environ.
Anal. Chem., 92(4), 466-478.
Zuloaga, O., Navarro, P., Bizkarguenaga, E., Iparraguirre, A., Vallejo, A., Olivares, M. and Prieto, A. (2012)
Overview of extraction, clean-up and detection techniques for the determination of organic pollutants in
sewage sludge: A review. Anal. Chim. Acta, 736, 7-29.
Zwiener, C. and Frimmel, F. H. (2004) LC-MS analysis in the aquatic environment and in water treatment – a
critical review. Part I: Instrumentation and general aspects of analysis and detection. Anal. Bioanal. Chem.,
378(4), 851 - 861.
Zwiener, C. and Frimmel, F. H. (2004) LC-MS analysis in the aquatic environment and in water treatment
technology - a critical review - Part II: Applications for emerging contaminants and related pollutants,
microorganisms and humic acids. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 378(4), 862-874.
•
Any additional materials provided on UNSW Moodle.
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 7
DATES TO NOTE
Refer to MyUNSW for Important Dates available at:
https://student.unsw.edu.au/dates
PLAGIARISM
Beware! An assignment that includes plagiarised material will receive a 0% Fail, and students who plagiarise may fail
the course. Students who plagiarise are also liable to disciplinary action, including exclusion from enrolment.
Plagiarism is the use of another person’s work or ideas as if they were your own. When it is necessary or desirable to
use other people’s material you should adequately acknowledge whose words or ideas they are and where you found
them (giving the complete reference details, including page number(s)). The Learning Centre provides further
information on what constitutes Plagiarism at:
https://student.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism
ACADEMIC ADVICE
For information about:
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Notes on assessments and plagiarism,
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School policy on Supplementary exams,
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Special Considerations,
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Solutions to Problems,
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Year Managers and Grievance Officer of Teaching and Learning Committee, and
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CEVSOC.
Refer to Academic Advice on the School website available at:
http://www.engineering.unsw.edu.au/civil-engineering/resources/academic-advice
CVEN9855 – Semester 1, 2015 – Course Profile - 8