TUBITAK MARMARA RESEARCH CENTER Earth and Marine

TUBITAKMARMARARESEARCHCENTER
EarthandMarineScienceInstitute
TUBITAK MAM, Earth and Marine Science Institute, 41470, Gebze/KOCAELI-TURKEY
+90-262-6772850
www.mam.tubitak.gov.tr
GEOTHERMALFIELDCHARACTERIZATION
Geophysical Research
Geological
Research
Conceptual
Geothermal
Model
Geochemical
Research
Hydrological
Research
Reservoir
Well Tests
mikroearthquakes
Sustainable
Production
Electricity
Heating
Tourism/Health
3D Magnetotelluric Imaging
Magnetotelluricmethod(MT)isvery
sensitivetovariationofelectrical
propertiesoftherocksinsubsurface.
Naturalelectromagneticfields
(lightningandsolaractivity)areused
andthesubsurfacecouldbeimaged
fromafewmeterstokilometers
dependingonthefrequencyranges
used.
The rock properties in geothermal
fields are affected by faults, fluid
content, hydrothermal alterations
and heat. Consequently, MT methods
have been widely applied in
geothermal exploration.
The data collected by magnetotelluric measurements can be modeled in 2D and 3D
modeled; faults, fractures and pores including partial melting zones can be imaged.
2DModeling
Thesubsurfaceelectricalstructurescan
beimagedalong2Dprofiles.
3DModeling
Thesubsurfacestructurescanbeimagedina
tomographicfashiontodisplaydepthslicesof
electricalstructurein3Dsections.
C
3
C
2
C1: lower crust conductor related to partial melting and fluids in
fault zones C2: fluids in fault zone, C3: sedimentary basin
Jeotermal sistem sŦnŦrlarŦ/potansiyelinin belirlenmesi, yeni rezervuar tespiti
Seismic
Reflection
yerin elektriksel özelliklerini kullanarak s×v×lar×n yoÿun olduÿu bölgeleri belirlemek rezervuar kayan×n s×n×rlar×n×
tan×mlayabilmek.
Detection of deep underground geological structure by creating a detailed model and accurate determination of well locations using
¾Profil noktalarŦnda MT Ölçümü
high resolution and precision seismic reflection images. Thus, ensuring time and cost efficient development and sustainability of the
¾ 2D ve 3D Modelleme
geothermal field.
¾Characterizationofgeothermalsystem
SurfaceSeismicVSP
¾Imagingoffracturesystems
surface
Seismicsection
Seismicrecording
systems
reflectedwave
Interpreted seismicsection
multp.Refl.
receiver
Geologicalsectionbyseismiclineanddrilling
3DSeismicTomographicImaging
Determination of important parameters such as 3D Vp, Vs, poisson ratio and
attenuation structures by seismic tomographic imaging techniques using microͲ
seismicity observed in geothermal fields.
Tomographic section
Thetomographicdistributionofseismic
velocitiescanprovideimportant
informationonrocktype,density,porosity,
fluidcontent,pressureandtemperature.
Forexample,Vp,Vsvelocities,Vp/Vsratio
changescanbeusedtodeterminefluidand
vaporcontentinthefield.
Horizontal sections
Reservoirandcaprocks,deepheat
sources,andfracturesystemscanbe
obtainedbyhighresolutionand
precision3Dtomographicimaging.
Tomographicandseismicreflection
sectionscanbeinterpretedtoprovidea
betterimageofthesubsurface.
Reflection section
Jointsection
EARTH AND MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
MicroseismicityMonitoring
¾ 3D mapping of hydrothermal fractures by monitoring
microseismic activity associated with the production/reͲ
injection.
MicroseismicAnalyses
¾ Production of basic information for the success and
sustainability of the production/reͲinjection process.
¾ ‘Traffic light approach’ to control speed and amount of
injection depending on the level of microseismic activity.
MicroseismicData
Acquisition
¾ Determination and monitoring of stress regime in the
field by investigating the relationship between increasing
pore pressure and mechanisms of microseismic activity.
DeformationMonitoring(InSAR,PsInSAR,TerrestrialSAR,GPS)
Integrated space geodetic (GPS, PsInsar) and Terrestial SAR monitoring methods can be used to investigate and monitor ground deformation
field resulting from natural tectonic and geothermal activity. The assessment of environmental hazards that may originate from subsidence
and collapse of the ground in the field.
MicroͲGravity
GPS+PsInSAR
GeochemicalMonitoring
Determinationofreservoirtemperature,depth, originandage by
monitoring;
¾
¾
¾
¾
WaterChemistry
Geotermometry
IsotopeAnalysis
WaterAgeAnalysis
IsotopeAnalysis
GeochemicalResearch
WaterAnalysis
Deformation&Collapses