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Nutri&on and herbal remedies will prevent and eliminate cons&pa&ons By: Catherine Pe.ie Holistic Nutritionist American College of Healthcare Science CAM Capstone Project Advisor: Cindy Fouhy CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Catherine Pe?e v v v v v v v Mother to daughter, Taylor now 2 years old and growing fast Raised in Bronx, NY and currently reside in East Orange, NJ. B.S. Dietetics, Foods and Nutrition from CUNY Lehman College Certified Holistic Health Practitioner Certified Breastfeeding Consultant Certified Mental Health First Aid responder Certified BLS/CPR instructor CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Presenta&on Outline v Goals and objectives v Literature review v Theoretical framework v Methodology of research v Findings v Summary v References CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Goals and Objec&ves v Research nutritional aids and herbal remedies for constipation v Research and understand the mechanism of the GI tract v Informing and assisting practitioners and consumers of CAM products and protocols for constipation v Locate integrative medical gastroenterologists using CAM and conventional protocols v Find local CAM practitioners using natural products and mind & body practices to aid in gastric healing process CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Literature Review v Constipation is more prevalent among: v Women, nonwhites, children and the elderly v Risk factors: v physical inactivity, low income, limited education, history of sexual abuse, symptoms of depression v Laxatives are expensive the yearly cost has reached $235 million dollars on laxative. With 96% medication use and 72% used continuously v Average miss 2.4 days of school and/or work. Symptoms decreased quality of life for an average of 52% of sufferers. CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Literature Review v Pathophysiology of constipation is categorized a chronic or functional with subtypes v Primary or idiopathic causes of constipation: v v slow-‐‑transit constipation: some unexplained condition hinders defecation v normal constipation: change of environment i.e. vacation v Outlet delay constipation: blockage at the pelvic and anus region Secondary or chronic etiology: v Medical condition or disease of the GI tract v Endocrine / Metabolic / neurologic disorders v Medication i.e. antidepressants CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Literature Review v The research supports a diet higher in fiber than your normal range to trigger defecation. Proper functioning of the colon requires fiber because the colon is home to beneficial flora that ferment on fiber producing fuel for the colonic cells. v Oligosaccharides (prebiotics) are non-‐‑digestible carbohydrate that exhibit an affinity for (probiotics or microflora) bifidobacteria however lactobacilli also lives in the colon producing health benefits. v Prebiotics are described as resistant to gastric acidity, hydrolysis by enzymes and absorption in the upper gastrointestinal tract, fermented by the intestinal microflora and selectively stimulating growth and activity of the intestinal bacteria. v Herbal remedies that promote defecation are laxatives, bi.ers, bulk-‐‑ forming agents, fiber, mucilaginous. CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Theore&cal framework v As a community intervention project I presented a “Diminish Constipation” workshop to interested individuals in an effort to provide educational materials and information to combat constipation problems v The project identified those with primary and secondary constipation and provided aimed to help eliminate the constipation v The project also aimed to help improve decreased quality of life though encouragement of relaxation and exercise te CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Methodology of research v Using keywords like: constipation, functional or chronic constipation, probiotic benefits, nondigestible saccharides I searched databases for scholarly reviewed articles v Searched renowned books looking for information to support the idea that nutritional aids and homeobotanical remedies prevent and eliminate constipation v Such databases like: LIRN, pub med, natural databases, google scholar and nutrition journal for useful information about CAM remedies v Used holistic Medical Doctor Sharma guidance to find information to aid in research CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Findings v Constipation is a symptom not a disease thus, the primary or secondary cause must be identified for best treatment. v Management of constipation by way of increased consumption of nondigestible carbohydrates, functional fiber supplements, prebiotics, probiotics, green supplements and herbal-‐‑tonics v Colonic fermentation due to nondigestible carbohydrates, functional fiber and prebiotics produce short-‐‑chain fa.y acids (SCFA) that directly influence colonic mechanisms of fluid that encourages motility and electrolyte transport. v SCFA; butyrate is the major energy source for the colon providing nourishment protection from cancer by promoting cell differentiation, cell-‐‑cycle arrest and apoptosis of transformed cells. CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Findings v Herbal remedies provide benefit to the function of the colon through direct actions of the anthraquinone compounds, gum, inulin and mucilaginous properties v Anthraquinone laxatives are chemicals that cause water to be retained in bowel by osmosis, for secondary care i.e. senna, cascara sagrada and rhubarb. v Gum swell forming a sticky colloidal dispersions gelatinize in water a.aching to toxins. Mucilaginous retain large amounts of water forming slippery aqueous colloidal dispersions that stimulate motility when fermented and sooth gut inflammation v Herbs that relive stress is recognized to relive constipation by way of relaxing and soothing pain nervine, antispasmodic and antidepressant CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Findings v Create a bathroom routine and respond to the bathroom call most ignore this backing up fecal ma.er thus causing drying of the resulting in hard stools and straining v Increase physical activity the stagnation of the can entire person results in a slow moving colon. v Relax during defecation don’t rush, this can result in incomplete defecation v Sit down to eat and chew food thoroughly, chewing starts digestion thus allowing the foods to be completely digested and absorbed resulting in colonic fermentation, water binding, soft and bulked stools CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Conclusion v Constipation has many forms and is triggered by lifestyle, disease or medication and it seems that with the proper care regular bowel movements can be achieved. v Eat a well balanced meal of whole foods and medicinal teas because the fiber content comes in many forms to which the colon has specific functions for. v Dietary fiber and bulking agents are effective and preferable agents to treating constipation. Also maintaining a diet that includes probiotics, green supplements will provide adequate amounts of colonic cell nutrients. v Medicinal herbs and nutritional aids will soften, bulk-‐‑up and generate a healthy colonic transit time CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Reference Andrews, N., C., & Storr, M., (2011). The Pathophysiology of chronic constipation. Retrieved from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3206564 Afzal, N., Tighe, P., M. and Thomson, A., M., (2011). Constipation in children. Italian Journal of Pediatrics, DOI: 10.1186/1824-‐‑7288-‐‑37-‐‑28 Agarwal, V. K., (2012). Chemical constituents of Ayurvedic herbs. Khare, C.P., and Kant, C. K., (Ed.). The modern Ayurveda milestones beyond the classical age (pp. 205). Boca Raton , Fl. Appendix A Rome III Diagnostic Criteria for FCIDs. Functional constipation (pp 890). Retrieved from: h.p:// www.romecriteria.org/assets/pdf/19_RomeIII_apA_885-‐‑898.pdf Banares-‐‑Fernandez, F., (2005). Nutritional care of the patient with constipation. Department of Gastroenterology. DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2005.11.002 Berkcik, P., & Sanchez, P., I., M., (2011). Epidemilogy and burden of chronic constipation. Can J Gastroenterol. Retrieved from: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3206560 Broide, E., Pintov, S., Portnoy, S., Barg, J., Klinowcki, E., & Scapa, E., (2001). Effectiveness of acupuncture for treatment of childhood constipation. Digestive Diseases and Sciences Friedenberg, K., F., Dadabhai, A., Palit, A., & Sankineni, A., (2012). The impact of functional constipation on quality of middle-‐‑aged Black Americans: a prospective case-‐‑control study. Qual Life Res. DOI 10.1007/s11136-‐‑011-‐‑0089-‐‑z Hoffman, D., (2003). Medical herbalism the science and practice of herbal medicine. The digestive system. Rochester, VT, Healing Arts Press CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Reference Khan, S., Campo, J., Bridge, J., Chiappe.a, C., L., Wald, A., & Lorenzo, C., (2007). Long-‐‑term outcome of functional childhood constipation. Dig Dis Sci. DOI 10.1007/s10620-‐‑006-‐‑9308-‐‑9 Lemb, A., M. D., and Camilleri, M., M. D. (2003). Current concepts chronic constipation. New England Journal of Medicine. Retrieved from: www.nejm.org Lipski, E., (2012). Digestive wellness-‐‑ strengthen the immune system and prevent disease through healthy digestion. The McGraw-‐‑Hill companies, United States of America Martin, B., C., Barghout, V., & Cerulli, A., (2006). Direct medical costs of constipation in the United States. Manag Care Interface. Orrhage, K., & Nord, C., E., (2000). Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in human health. Drugs Exp Clin Res PMID:10941602 Rajindrajith, S., & Devanarayana, N., (2011). Constipation in children: Novel insight into epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. DOI: 10.5056/jnm. 2011.17.1.35 Schrezenmeir, J., and Vrese, M., (2001). Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics-‐‑approaching a definition. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Retrieved from: h.p:// ajcn.nutrition.org CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor Reference Shen, Q., Zhao, L., & Tuohy, K., M., (2011). High-‐‑level dietary fiber up-‐‑regulates colonic fermentation and regative abundance of saccharolytic bacteria within the human fecal microbiota in vitro. Eur J Nutr. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-‐‑011-‐‑0248-‐‑6 Slavin, J., (2013). Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients. DOI: 10.3390/ nu5041417 Sparber, M. (1998). Constipation Clinical Methods Bookshelf NCBI. Retrieved from: www.nchi.nlm.nih.gov/bookd/NBK415/?report=reader Tabbers, M., M., Milliano, I., de, Roseboom, M, G, and Benninga, M., A., (2011). Bifidobacterium breve effective in the treatment of childhood constipation? Results from a pilot study Nutrition Journal BioMed Central. Doi: 10.1186/1475-‐‑2891-‐‑10-‐‑19 Talley, N., J (2004). Definitions, epidemiology, and impact of chronic constipation. Abstract. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. Retrieved from: Pubmed.gov Wood, R., (2010). The new whole foods encyclopedia. Peguin Books. New York, NY CAM Capstone Project ACHS.com Created by Catherine Pe?e HHN, CLC, CPR instructor
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