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Scott Foresman California Science
Chapter 4: Human Body Systems
California Standard
Life Sciences 2.0 Plants and animals have structures for
respiration, digestion, waste disposal, and transport of
materials.
Here are the key concepts
we are learning:
• The circulatory system moves blood through the body. It
includes the heart, the blood, and the blood vessels.
• Blood from the heart is pumped to the lungs, where it picks
up oxygen and gives up carbon dioxide. The oxygen-rich
blood then returns to the heart to be pumped through the
body through arteries and capillaries.
• The respiratory system carries gases between the air
and the blood. It includes the nose and mouth, trachea,
bronchi, and the bronchioles and air sacs in the lungs.
• The respiratory and circulatory systems work together
to provide cells with the materials they need for cellular
respiration.
• The digestive system changes food into forms the body can
use. The digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and colon.
Vocabulary Review
Your child will learn these
vocabulary words:
artery
capillary
vein
trachea
bronchiole
air sacs
digestion
esophagus
small intestine
large intestine
bladder
Help your child make these
words a part of his or her own
vocabulary by reviewing them
together. For each part of the
body, ask your child to show you
where each part of the body is.
• The urinary system is the body system that removes wastes
from the body. The kidneys, bladder, and tubes that carry
urine to and away from the bladder make up the urinary
system.
Math in Science Have your child use a
clock with a second hand and count his or her
pulse for 20 seconds. He or she should multiply
this number by 3 to calculate his or her resting
heart rate. Encourage your child to try different
activities, such as walking, running, or bicycling
for one minute. Have your child calculate his or
her heart rate after each activity. Ask your child
to record the results in a bar graph.
NASA Discuss with your child what kind of
exercises he or she could do to strengthen his or
her bones, muscles, and heart. Have your child
make a poster to put up in your home to help
motivate him or her to stay fit.
Biography Ask your child to make a poster
persuading more adults to donate blood. Go to
your local public library or other public building
with your child and see if they have a community
bulletin board where your child can hang his or
her poster.
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Take-Home Activities