FCAT READING SKILL Determine the Method of Organization of a Reading

FCAT READING SKILL
Determine the Method of Organization of a Reading
1. What to do and what to watch for: Look at the way the author of the passage or
article has organized the information. Use a graphic organizer or Venn diagram to
help you organize and visualize the information.
a) Graphic organizers. A graphic organizer is a chart, drawing or visual way to
organize information and details. It is easy to understand in a visual format.
b) Venn diagrams. This is a visual way of organizing details for comparison
contrast.
For each of the common organizational patterns below, you will find a suggestion for
a graphic organizer or Venn diagram to help you.
2. Time order. Tells order in time. This is the most common way of organizing
information. Time order gives events in chronological order or the order in time in
which they happened. Events in a time order passage can be shown on a timeline
like the one below.
Example: Timeline of a person’s life.
0 yrs.
1986
5 yrs.
1990
Born
Start
School
10 yrs
15 yrs
1996
2001
Music
Lessons
Soccer
Team
20 yrs
25 yrs
2006
2011
Graduate
High School
Graduate
College
3. Spatial order. Tells order in space. This is used to tell how something looks or
where something is located. The details are presented in a logical order that makes
sense. For example, top to bottom, left to right, back to front, etc. You can easily
visualize the order in space. Sometimes it is a good idea to create a drawing of
what you are reading to help you visualize special order. In the example below,
imagine you have just read a description of spatial order. After the second or third
sentence you it is difficult to visualize so much information. A drawing can help.
Example: This sketch or table map organizes a description of the seating
arrangements for dinner.
Kitchen Door
Mom
Left
Grandma
Dad
Grandpa
Brother
Sister
Front Door
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Right
4. Comparison/contrast patterns. Tells how two ideas or things are alike or how they
differ. Sometimes something that is unknown will be compared and contrasted to
something familiar to you.
Example:
This Venn diagram organizes information comparing and contrasting New
Yorkers to Floridians. It shows both similarities and differences.
NEW YORKERS
BOTH
INTELLIGENT
CREATIVE
DILIGENT
SENSITIVE
INTERESTING
SELF-SUFFICIENT
FOCUSED
WORLDLY
FASHIONABLE
DIFFERENT
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
FLORIDIANS
FRIENDLY
HOSPITABLE
RELAXED
DIVERSE
SAME
DIFFERENT
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
5. Cause/effect patterns. This method of organization describes something that
happened (the effect), and the causes of the event or why it happened. There can
be more than one cause and more than one effect. Here are two suggestions for
organizing cause and effect for the example below.
Example: After eating 6 hot dogs, 4 ice cream cones, and drinking 5 sodas in
one hour, I got a stomachache.
6 Hot Dogs
CAUSE
5 Sodas
CAUSE
EFFECT-Stomachache
4 Ice Creams
CAUSE
All In One Hour
CAUSE
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
CAUSES
+
6 Hot dogs
+
4 Ice creams
+
5 Sodas
+ All in one hour
____________________
=
CAUSE
Why?
6 hot dogs
4 ice creams
5 sodas
in one hour
EVENT #1
EFFECT-Stomachache
EFFECT
What
Happened?
I got a
stomachache.
EFFECT
This
happened
I got a
stomachache.
EVENT #2
EVENT #2
CAUSE
For this
reason
6 hot dogs
4 ice creams
5 sodas
in one hour
EVENT #1
In both of the graphics above, EVENT #1 is the CAUSE, because it happened first
in time, and EVENT #2 is the EFFECT, because it happened second in time.
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TIME ORDER/CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
SCHEDULE for _________________________________________
Chronological order uses days, dates or times, like a schedule or timeline. Identify the
column or row labels to create a schedule (Examples: Time, date, year, event, day, start
time or end time, etc.) and use as many columns & lines as you need.
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TIME ORDER/CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
TIMELINE for _______________________________________
Identify the chronological order in the reading. Chronological order uses days, dates,
yeas, times, etc.
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
SIGNAL WORDS for TIME ORDER/CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
Title/Topic/Text_________________________________________
Signal words are important in understanding chronological or time order. Identify the
events and the signal words in your reading.
SIGNAL WORD(S):
SIGNAL WORD(S):
2.
1.
SIGNAL WORD(S):
6.
SIGNAL WORD(S):
3.
SIGNAL WORD(S):
5.
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
SIGNAL WORD(S):
4.
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TIME ORDER/CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
Identify the time order of the main events in the reading.
First,
Second,
Third,
Next,
After that,
Then,
Finally,
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
CHRONOLOGICAL/TIME ORDER
Title/Topic/Text_________________________________________
TIME LINE INTERVAL GRAPH
Identify an interval of time and chart the order of events during that limited interval of time.
TIME INTERVAL
EVENTS
______________
IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
1___________________________________
2___________________________________
3___________________________________
4___________________________________
5___________________________________
6___________________________________
7___________________________________
8___________________________________
9___________________________________
10__________________________________
11__________________________________
12__________________________________
13__________________________________
14__________________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
Chronological/Time Order
Story/History/Observation Frame
Title/Topic/Text________________________________
In this story (period of history, observation), the problem
(experiment, event) begins when________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
After this, ___________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Next, _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Then,_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
The problem (experiment, event) is finally solved (resolved,
completed) __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
The story (period of history, observation), ends ___________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
SPATIAL ORDER
Spatial order tells the order of things in a physical space. Spatial order tells how
something looks or where things are located. The details are presented in a logical
order that makes sense. For example, top to bottom, left to right, back to front, etc.
You can easily visualize the order in space, and translate it to a drawing.
Title/Topic/Text________________________________
Work with a partner or another group. Each identifies a scene or picture to describe in
such a way that it can be visualized and drawn easily. Write three sentences explaining
where everything in your scene is located in space. Read your sentences slowly to your
partner/group while he/she/they draw a picture of what you are reading. Then change
places.
1___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
3___________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
SPATIAL ORDER
Spatial order tells the order of things in a physical space. Spatial order tells where things are
located. For example, the directions are near the top of the page, the drawings are in the
middle, and under each drawing are 3 blank sentence spaces.
Write 3 different sentences for each picture, telling spatial order.
1 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
2 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
3 ______________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
1______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
2______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
3______________________
_______________________
_______________________
_______________________
1 _________________________________
___________________________________
2 _________________________________
___________________________________
3 _________________________________
___________________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
1__________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
2__________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
3__________________
___________________
___________________
___________________
1_______________________________
________________________________
2_______________________________
________________________________
3_______________________________
________________________________
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
SPATIAL ORDER
Spatial order tells the order of things in a physical space. Spatial order tells where things are
located. For example, these directions are near the top of the page, the drawings are in the
middle, and under each drawing are 3 blank sentence spaces.
Title/Topic/Text____________________________________
Use a picture, a picture from your text/story or your surroundings, and write to tell where
people and things are located in space. (Hint: Use prepositions for location or position.)
above
at
beyond
near
throughout
upside down
across
behind
by
off
to
within
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
against
below
down
on
under
along
beneath
from
out
underneath
among
beside
in
over
up
around
between
into
through
upon
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
COMPARISON/CONTRAST PATTERNS
A Comparison/contrast pattern tells how two ideas, places, people or things are alike and how
they differ. Something that is unknown can be compared and contrasted to something familiar.
Example: This Venn diagram organizes information comparing and contrasting Team A
and Team B. It shows both similarities and differences.
TEAM A
FAST
EXPERIENCED
CONDITIONED
SAME
INTELLIGENT
SERIOUS
DILIGENT
TEAM B
TALL
AGILE
TALENTED
Title/Topic/Text________________________________
DIFFERENT
SAME
DIFFFERENT
___________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
______________________________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
COMPARE & CONTRAST (People, Places, Ideas, Things)
Title/Topic/Text________________________________
DIFFERENT
SAME
DIFFERENT
D
D
D
D
D
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
COMPARE & CONTRAST: THEN & NOW
Title/Topic/Text________________________________
THEN
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
NOW
Name ________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
THREE-WAY COMPARISON/CONTRAST
Title/Topic/Text________________________________
A only
B only
______________________
A and B ___________________
____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________
__________________
________________________
A and B and C
_____________________
___________________ __________________________ ________________
________________
___________________________
______________
______________
____________________________
____________
_____________
____________________________
__________
___________
____________________________
_________
__________
____________________________
________
____________________________
_______
A and C only ____________________________ B and C only
_____________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
________________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________
C only
________________________________________
____________________________________
_______________________________
________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name______________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TITLE/TOPIC_____________________________
EVENT #1:
What happened FIRST?
EVENT #2:
What happened SECOND?
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
EVENT #2:
What happened SECOND?
EVENT #1:
What happened FIRST?
Name______________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TITLE/TOPIC_____________________________
CAUSE (Reason)
Why?
CAUSE (Reason)
Why?
CAUSE (Reason)
Why?
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
EFFECT (Result)
What Happened?
EFFECT (Result)
What Happened?
EFFECT (Result)
What Happened?
Name__________________________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TITLE/TOPIC: ____________________________________________
EFFECT WITH SEVERAL CAUSES
Cause #1
Cause #2
Cause #3
Cause #4
What
Happened?
Cause #5
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Cause #6
Name__________________________________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TITLE/TOPIC: ____________________________________________
CAUSE WITH SEVERAL EFFECTS
Effect#1
Effect #2
Cause
Effect #3
Effect #5
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Effect #4
Effect #6
Name______________________________
DETERMINE THE METHOD OF ORGANIZATION OF A READING
TITLE/TOPIC: ____________________________________________
CAUSE & EFFECT
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cause
____________________________
Effect
_____________________________
____________________________
_____________________________
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
Name _________________________
IDENTIFYING ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS: READING LOG
Log the readings you have completed, and indicate the main organizational pattern of
each reading.
☼Chronological Order
☼ Description
☼Spatial Order
Title Of Reading
Author
Cassandra Yorke
Department of Multicultural Education
☼Problem &Solution
☼Comparison/Contrast
☼Cause & Effect
Organizational
Pattern
Clues & Example
(From Reading)
Date