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Ibuprofen
MARTINDALE - The Complete Drug Reference
See also Analgesics Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Antipyretics
Ibuprofen
Physical And Pharmaceutical Properties
◾ Name Status:BAN, USAN, rINN
◾ Synonyms: Ibuprofeeni;Ibuprofén;Ibuprofenas;Ibuprofène;Ibuprofeno;Ibuprofenum;RD13621;U-18573
◾ Chemical Name: 2-(4-Isobutylphenyl)propionic acid
◾ Molecular Formula: C13H18O2
◾ Molecular Weight:206.3
◾ CAS Registry: 15687-27-1
◾ Pharmacopoeias:In Chin., Eur. (see About Martindale), Int., Jpn, US, and Viet.
◾ Ph. Eur. 8 (Ibuprofen). A white or almost white, crystalline powder or colourless crystals.
M.p. 75° to 78°. Practically insoluble in water; freely soluble in acetone, in
dichloromethane, and in methyl alcohol; it dissolves in dilute solutions of alkali
hydroxides and carbonates.
◾ USP 36 (Ibuprofen). A white to off-white crystalline powder having a slight characteristic
odour. Practically insoluble in water; very soluble in alcohol, in acetone, in chloroform,
and in methyl alcohol; slightly soluble in ethyl acetate. Store in airtight containers.
◾ ATC:C01EB16; G02CC01; M01AE01; M02AA13
Proprietary Names
◾ Abbifen (Abbott, S.Afr.) ,ABKI (Quimica y Farmacia, Mex.) ,Abufen-C (Shinto,
India) ,Acatar Zatoki (US Pharmacia, Pol.) ,Aches-N-Pain (Lederle, USA) ,Acks (BPL,
India) ,ACT-3 (Pfizer, NZ) ,ACT-3 (Whitehall Consumer, Austral.) ,Actifen (Sterling
Health, Spain) ,Actimidol (Sterling Health, Spain) ,Actimol-F (Pharmed, India) ,Actiprofen
(Bayer, Canad.) ,Actiprofen (GSK Consumer, Austral.) ,Actiprofen (GSK Consumer,
Irl.) ,Actiprofen (Sanofi-Aventis, Braz.) ,Actron (Bayer, Chile) ,Actron (Bayer,
Mex.) ,Actron (Bayer Consumer, Arg.) ,Actron Plus (Bayer, Mex.) ,Acuilfem (Gezzi,
Arg.) ,Adex (Dexcel, Israel) ,Adfen (Adcock Ingram Self Medication, S.Afr.) ,Adfen
(Maver, Chile) ,Adiflam Plus (Leben, India) ,Adivon (Ederka, Mex.) ,Adolorin Ibuforte
(Kwizda, Austria) ,Adona (Silesia, Chile) ,Adulfen Codeine (Boots Healthcare,
Belg.) ,Advel (Hexal, Ger.) ,Advil (Neopharm, Israel) ,Advil (Pfizer, China) ,Advil (Pfizer,
Cz.) ,Advil (Pfizer, Gr.) ,Advil (Pfizer, Hung.) ,Advil (Pfizer, Neth.) ,Advil (Pfizer,
Turk.) ,Advil (Pfizer Consumer, Canad.) ,Advil (Pfizer Consumer, Irl.) ,Advil (Pfizer
Consumer, S.Afr.) ,Advil (Pfizer Sante, Fr.) ,Advil (Wyeth, Philipp.) ,Advil (Wyeth,
Spain) ,Advil (Wyeth-Ayerst, USA ; Whitehall, USA) ,Advil (Wyeth Consumer,
Austral.) ,Advil (Wyeth Consumer, Braz.) ,Advil (Wyeth Consumer, Chile) ,Advil (Wyeth
Consumer, Hong Kong) ,Advil (Wyeth Consumer, Mex.) ,Advil (Wyeth Consumer,
UK) ,Advil (Wyeth Consumer, Venez.) ,Advil (Wyeth Lederle, Austria) ,Advil Allergy
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Sinus (Pfizer Consumer, USA) ,Advilcaps (Pfizer Sante, Fr.) ,Advil Cold (Wyeth,
Cz.) ,Advil Cold (Wyeth, Hung.) ,Advil Cold (Wyeth Lederle, Austria) ,Advil Cold & Flu
(Pfizer Consumer, Irl.) ,Advil Cold & Sinus (Neopharm, Israel) ,Advil Cold & Sinus (Pfizer
Consumer, Canad.) ,Advil Cold & Sinus (Whitehall, UK) ,Advil Cold & Sinus (Whitehall,
USA) ,Advil Cold & Sinus Nighttime (Pfizer Consumer, Canad.) ,Advil Cold & Sinus Plus
(Pfizer Consumer, Canad.) ,Advil CS (Wyeth Consumer, S.Afr.) ,AdvilEff (Pfizer Sante,
Fr.) ,Advilmed (Pfizer, Fr.) ,Advil Migraine (Wyeth, USA) ,Advil Mono (PSI, Belg.) ,Advil
Nighttime (Pfizer Consumer, Canad.) ,Advil PM (Wyeth Consumer, USA) ,Adviltab
(Pfizer Sante, Fr.) ,Adviltab Rhume (Wyeth Sante, Fr.) ,Afebril (Bago, Arg.) ,Aflusil
(Loeffler, Mex.) ,Ai Fei Le (Xinhua, China) ,Ainex (Sandoz, Mex.) ,Aknil (Sunthi Sepuri,
Indon.) ,Aktren (Bayer, Austria) ,Aktren (Bayer, Ger.) ,Alaxan (United Laboratories,
Philipp.) ,Alaxan PI (Great Eastern, Thai.) ,Alcofen (Alicon, India) ,Aldofen (Tocogino,
Mex.) ,Alfam (David, India) ,Alges-X (Axapharm, Switz.) ,Algiasdin (Isdin,
Spain) ,Algiasol (Interpharma, Chile) ,Algi-Danilon (Allergan-Frumtost, Braz.) ,Algidol
(Vitae, Mex.) ,Algifen (Sintofarma, Braz.) ,Algifen (Ulagay, Turk.) ,Algifene (Roche
Nicholas, Fr.) ,Algiflex (EMS, Braz.) ,Algifor (Vifor, Switz.) ,Algi-Itamanil (Neo Quimica,
Braz.) ,Algioprofen (Lazar, Arg.) ,Algi-Reumatril (Hertz, Braz.) ,Algisan (Prodes,
Spain) ,Algitrin (Schering-Plough, Mex.) ,Algofen (SIT, Ital.) ,Algoflex (Sanofi-Aventis,
Hung.) ,Algoflex-M (Sanofi-Aventis, Hung.) ,Algofren (Intermed, Gr.) ,Algy-Flanderil
(Vitapan, Braz.) ,Alindrin (Recip, Swed.) ,Aliviagrip (Denver, Arg.) ,Alivium (Mantecorp,
Braz.) ,Altior (Esteve, Spain) ,Altrax (More, Mex.) ,Ambufen (Macrophar, Thai.) ,Amersol
(Horner, Canad.) ,Ampifen (Malayan, Singapore) ,Anadar (Liptis, USA) ,Anadar Cold &
Flu (Liptis, USA) ,Anadin Ibuprofen (Pfizer Consumer, UK) ,Anadin Joint Pain (Wyeth
Consumer, UK) ,Anadin LiquiFast (Pfizer Consumer, UK) ,Anadin Period Pain Relief
(Pfizer Consumer, UK) ,Anadin Ultra (Pfizer Consumer, UK) ,Anadvil (Pfizer,
Port.) ,Anadvil (Wyeth Sante, Fr.) ,Anafen (Bernofarm, Indon.) ,Anafen (Pacific,
NZ) ,Anaflam (David, India) ,Analgesic and Muscle Relaxant Caplets (Teva,
Canad.) ,Analgin Akut (Medphano, Ger.) ,Analgyl (Specia, Fr.) ,Anbifen (ANB,
Thai.) ,Anco (Sandoz, Ger.) ,Anoflam (Pharma Nutria, Philipp.) ,An Rui Ke (Hayao,
China) ,Answell (Cadila, India) ,Antalfebal (Johnson & Johnson, Ital.) ,Antalgil (Johnson
& Johnson, Ital.) ,Antalgit (Klinge, Switz.) ,Antarene (Elerte, Fr.) ,Antarene Codeine
(Elerte, Fr.) ,Antiflam (Rolab, S.Afr.) ,Anufen (Medicine Products, Thai.) ,Apain
(AstraZeneca, Denm.) ,Apireks (Bilim, Turk.) ,Apirofeno (Ern, Spain) ,Aprofen (Medicine
Products, Thai.) ,Aprofen (Polfarmex, Pol.) ,Apsifen (Approved Prescription Services,
UK) ,Aragel (Arafarma, Spain) ,Arcure (NuLife, India) ,Ardinex (Abbott, Austria) ,Ardinex
(Abbott, Fin.) ,Ardinex (Abbott, Pol.) ,Ardinex (AstraZeneca, Cz.) ,Ardinex
(Mundipharma, Swed.) ,Arfen (Medinfar, Port.) ,Arfen (Solas, Indon.) ,Armix (BPL,
India) ,Arpa (Osmed, India) ,Arthrifen (Armoxindo, Indon.) ,Arthrifen Plus (Armoxindo,
Indon.) ,Arthritis Foundation Ibuprofen (McNeil Consumer, USA) ,Arthrofen (Ashbourne,
UK) ,Articalm (Korhispana, Spain) ,Artifen Plus (Aglowmed, India) ,Artigesic (Glenmark,
India) ,Artofen (Teva, Israel) ,Artofen (Vifor, Switz.) ,Artril (Farmasa, Braz.) ,Artril
(Zentiva, Turk.) ,Artritapsin (Maver, Chile) ,ArtroCam (Kamelia, Rus.) ,Astefor
(Farmasierra, Spain) ,Atomo Desinflamante Ibu (Imvi, Arg.) ,Avallone (Novartis,
Austria) ,Axalan (Medifarma, Indon.) ,Babefen Sus (Polipharm, Thai.) ,Balafen (Adeka,
Turk.) ,Bang Qi (Xin Bang, China) ,Baroc (Bayer, Port.) ,Bayer Select Pain Relief
Formula (Sterling Health, USA) ,Bebol (Wyeth, Turk.) ,Bediatil (Pasteur, Chile) ,Bei De
Fen (CSPC, China) ,Bei Fen (Yi Hua, China) ,Benotrin (EMS, Braz.) ,Benylin For Colds
(Johnson & Johnson, S.Afr.) ,Bestafen (Best, Mex.) ,Bestofen (Biological E,
India) ,Bestoflame (Symbiosis, India) ,Betagesic (Adcock Ingram, S.Afr.) ,Betaprofen
(Be-Tabs, S.Afr.) ,Bexistar (Barcino, Spain) ,Biatain-Ibu (Coloplast, Fr.) ,Biatain-Ibu
(Coloplast, Ger.) ,Biatain-Ibu (Coloplast, UK) ,Bifen (DHA, Hong Kong) ,Bifen (DHA,
Malaysia) ,Bifen (DHA, Singapore) ,Bioneural B12 (Labinca, Arg.) ,Biophen (Biokem,
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Turk.) ,Bipasmin Compuesto NF (Boehringer Ingelheim Promeco, Mex.) ,Bistryl (RouxOcefa, Arg.) ,Bladex (Pharma Investi, Chile) ,Bodrex Extra (Bode, Indon. ; Tempo Scan
Pacific, Indon.) ,Bofen (Borshchagovskii, Ukr.) ,Bolinet (BMS, Pol.) ,Bonifen (KRKA,
Rus.) ,Borafen (Sriprasit, Thai.) ,Borakid (Sriprasit, Thai.) ,Bo Shu (Jiheng, China) ,Bren
(Kopran, India) ,Bren (Pharmachem, S.Afr.) ,Brenfed (Kopran, India) ,Brenlax (Kopran,
India) ,Bren Plus (Kopran, India) ,Briflam (Briskon, India) ,Bruace (Jagsonpal,
India) ,Brucet (Micro, India) ,Brudol (Elmor, Venez.) ,Brufamol (Shalaks,
India) ,Brufamol-M (Sarabhai Piramal, India) ,Brufen (Abbott, Austral.) ,Brufen (Abbott,
Austria) ,Brufen (Abbott, Belg.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Cz.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Denm.) ,Brufen
(Abbott, Fin.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Fr.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Gr.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Hong
Kong) ,Brufen (Abbott, Hung.) ,Brufen (Abbott, India) ,Brufen (Abbott, Irl.) ,Brufen
(Abbott, Ital.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Malaysia) ,Brufen (Abbott, Neth.) ,Brufen (Abbott,
Norw.) ,Brufen (Abbott, NZ) ,Brufen (Abbott, Philipp.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Pol.) ,Brufen
(Abbott, Port.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Rus.) ,Brufen (Abbott, S.Afr.) ,Brufen (Abbott,
Spain) ,Brufen (Abbott, Swed.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Switz.) ,Brufen (Abbott, Thai.) ,Brufen
(Abbott, Turk.) ,Brufen (Abbott, UK) ,Brufen (Kaken, Jpn) ,Brufen (Kanoldt, Ger.) ,Brufen
(Knoll, Singapore) ,Brufenin (Inpac, Thai.) ,Brufen-MR (Abbott, India) ,Brufort
(Lampugnani, Ital.) ,Brugesic (Elmor, Venez.) ,Brugesic (Garec, S.Afr.) ,Brugesic (Raza,
Malaysia ; Pharmaniaga, Malaysia) ,Brugesic Plus (Elmor, Venez.) ,Brugesina (Elmor,
Venez.) ,Brugin (Chinta, Thai.) ,Brumed (LSP, Thai.) ,Brumed (Medreich, Hong
Kong) ,Brunal (Fada, Arg.) ,Bruno (Milano, Thai.) ,Brupal (Geno, India) ,Bruprin
(Condrugs, Thai.) ,Brusil (Silom, Thai.) ,Brustan (Nanxin, China) ,Brustan (Ranbaxy,
Philipp.) ,Brustan (Ranbaxy, Rus.) ,Brustan (Ranbaxy, Thai.) ,Brustin (Ranbaxy,
India) ,Bufect (Sanbe, Indon.) ,Bufedon (Byk, Belg.) ,Bufedon (Cedona, Neth.) ,Bufenik
(Ratiopharm, Pol.) ,Bufeno (Helvepharm, Switz.) ,Bufex-C (Cosme, India) ,Bufex Kid
(Cosme, India) ,Bufex Plus (Cosme, India) ,Bufigen (Antigen, Irl.) ,Buflex (Burapha,
Thai.) ,Bugesic (Cipla, Austral.) ,Bumed (Medifive, Thai.) ,Bunofen (GPO, Thai.) ,Buplex
(Actavis, Irl.) ,Bupogesic (APT, Hong Kong) ,Buprifen (Farma, Venez.) ,Buprodol (Cafar,
Venez.) ,Buprol-B (Hovid, Malaysia) ,Buprophar (Teva, Belg.) ,Buprovil (Multilab,
Braz.) ,Burana (Orion, Denm.) ,Burana (Orion, Fin.) ,Burana (Orion, Neth.) ,Burana
(Orion, Norw.) ,Burana (Orion, Rus.) ,Burana (Orion, Swed.) ,Burana-C (Orion,
Fin.) ,Buscapina Fem (Boehringer Ingelheim, Arg.) ,Buscapina Fem (Boehringer
Ingelheim Promeco, Mex.) ,Buscofem (Boehringer Ingelheim, Braz.) ,Buscofem
(Boehringer Ingelheim, Cz.) ,Buscofem (Boehringer Ingelheim, Gr.) ,Buscofen
(Boehringer Ingelheim, Ital.) ,Buskofem (Boehringer Ingelheim, Port.) ,Butacortelone
(Riker, Mex.) ,Butafen (Ipca, India) ,Butartrol (Sanitas, Chile) ,Butidiona (Roux-Ocefa,
Arg.) ,Butidiona (Roux-Ocefa, Arg.) ,Butilene (Inter, Venez.) ,Buwin Plus (Intra-Labs,
India) ,Caffetin Lady (Alkaloid, Ukr.) ,Calbrun (Caldeira & Metelo, Port.) ,Caldolor
(Alveda, Canad.) ,Caldolor (Cumberland, USA) ,Calmafher (Fher, Spain) ,Calmine
(Bouty, Ital.) ,Calpol Plus (GSK, India) ,Calprofen (McNeil, UK) ,Carbager-Plus (Streger,
Mex.) ,Carone (IQFA, Mex.) ,Causalon Gesic (Phoenix, Arg.) ,Causalon Ibu (Phoenix,
Arg.) ,Cefen (Pharmasant, Thai.) ,Cenbufen (Pharmasant, Thai.) ,Cesra (Redel,
Ger.) ,Cetan (Pharmasant, Thai.) ,C-Gesic (Corona, India) ,Chen Gong Zai Xin
(Cuccess, China) ,Children's Advil (Wyeth, Singapore) ,Childrens Advil Cold (Pfizer
Consumer, Canad.) ,Childrens Advil Cold (Whitehall-Robins, USA) ,Childrens Ibuprofen
Cold (Major, USA) ,Childrens Motrin (Johnson & Johnson, China) ,Childrens Motrin Cold
(McNeil Consumer, USA) ,Chrobifen (Elvipe, Gr.) ,Cibalgina Dol (Novartis Consumer,
Ital.) ,Cibalgina Due Fast (Novartis Consumer, Ital.) ,Cipgesic (Cipla, India) ,Cipgesic
Plus (Cipla, India) ,Citalgan (Merck, Mex.) ,Clinofen (Norton, S.Afr.) ,Cliptol (Pierre
Fabre, Fr.) ,Codafen Continus (Napp, Irl.) ,Codafen Continus (Napp, UK) ,Codistar Plus
(Mankind, India) ,Codral Period Pain (Parke Davis-Wellcome, Austral.) ,Cold + Sinus
(Vita Health, Canad.) ,Coldfen (Berat Beran, Turk.) ,Colfene (Elmor, Venez.) ,Colgen
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Kowa IB (Kowa, Jpn) ,Combiflam (Sanofi-Aventis, India) ,Combunox (Forest
Laboratories, USA) ,Contraneural (Pfleger, Ger.) ,Copiron (Microsules, Arg.) ,Coprofen
(Community Pharmacy, Thai.) ,Cortal Ibuprofen (GSK, Hong Kong) ,Cramp End (Ohm,
USA) ,Cunil (Helsinn Birex, Irl.) ,Cuprofen (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Cuprofen Plus
(Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Cusialgil (Cusi, Spain) ,Dadicil (Best, Mex.) ,Dalsy (Abbott,
Braz.) ,Dalsy (Abbott, Spain) ,Danilon (Allergan-Frumtost, Braz.) ,Days (Merck,
Mex.) ,Decofed-DS (Universal Medikit, India) ,Decontractyl New (Sanofi Synthelabo,
Belg.) ,Deep Relief (Gezzi, Arg.) ,Deep Relief (Mentholatum, Hung.) ,Deep Relief
(Mentholatum, Israel) ,Deep Relief (Mentholatum, Pol.) ,Deep Relief (Mentholatum,
Rus.) ,Deep Relief (Mentholatum, UK) ,Deep Relief (Mentholatum, Ukr.) ,De Er (Laolaifu,
China) ,Dentigoa (Scheurich, Ger.) ,Dentopain (Hexal, S.Afr.) ,Dentopain Forte (Hexal,
S.Afr.) ,Dersindol (Dermogen, Spain) ,Deucodol (Medipharm, Chile) ,Deucodol Plus
(Medipharm, Chile) ,Dibufen (Diba, Mex.) ,Di Er Nuo (RenFu, China) ,Dignoflex (Luitpold,
Ger.) ,Diltix (Aristo, Spain) ,Dimetapp Childrens Cold & Fever (Wyeth Consumer,
USA) ,Dimetapp Headcold & Flu (Pfizer Consumer, Austral.) ,Dimetapp Pain & Fever
Relief (Pfizer Consumer, Austral.) ,Dimetapp Sinus (Robins, USA) ,Dimidon (Basi,
Port.) ,Dimidon (Hexal, Ger.) ,Dioran (Andromaco, Chile) ,Diphenhydramine Citrate and
Ibuprofen Tablets USP 36,Dipofen (Arlex, Mex.) ,Dip Rilif (Mentholatum, Pol.) ,Diprodol
(Sons, Mex.) ,Dismenol (Merz, Switz.) ,Dismenol N (Simons, Ger.) ,Dismenol Neu (Merz,
Austria) ,Dofen (Dexa, Indon.) ,Dolafen (Ashford, Philipp.) ,Dolan (Pediatrica,
Philipp.) ,Dolbufen (Bayer, Spain) ,Dolencar (Ceninter, Spain) ,Dolgex (Laboratorios
Chile, Chile) ,Dolgit (Abbott, Turk. ; Adeka, Turk.) ,Dolgit (Amino, Switz.) ,Dolgit
(Dolorgiet, Cz.) ,Dolgit (Dolorgiet, Ger.) ,Dolgit (Dolorgiet, Hung.) ,Dolgit (Dolorgiet,
Pol.) ,Dolgit (Dolorgiet, Ukr.) ,Dolgit (Merck-Belgolabo, Belg.) ,Dolgit (Merck Serono,
Fr.) ,Dolgit (Promed, Rus.) ,Dolgit (Sanova, Austria) ,Dolibu (Fujisawa, Austria) ,Dolnix
(Recalcine, Chile) ,Dolobene Ibu (Recordati, Ger.) ,Dolocibal (Novartis, Mex.) ,Dolocox
(Baliarda, Arg.) ,Dolocrat (Cratus, India) ,Dolocyl (Novartis, Spain) ,Dolocyl (Novartis
Consumer, Ital.) ,Dolocyl (Novartis Consumer, Port.) ,Dolocyl (Novartis Consumer,
Switz.) ,Dolo-Dismenol (Merz, Switz.) ,Dolodoc (Docpharm, Ger.) ,Dolo-Dolgit (Dolorgiet,
Ger.) ,Dolofen-F (Tempo Scan Pacific, Indon.) ,Dolofin (Socobom, Belg.) ,Dolofort
(Astellas, Austria) ,Dologel (Wander OTC, Switz.) ,Dologen (Kenyaku, Thai.) ,Dologesic
(Infinity, Venez.) ,Dolomed (Comed, India) ,Dolomed (Comed, India) ,Dolomed-MR
(Comed, India) ,Dolonase (Medipharm, Chile) ,Dolo neos (Optimed, Ger.) ,Dolo-Niofen
(K2 Health & Wellness, Chile) ,Dolo-Octirona (Laboratorios Chile, Chile) ,Dolo-Puren
(Actavis, Ger.) ,Doloren (Ratiopharm, Austria) ,Dolorin Cold (Dinctas, Turk. ; Pensa,
Turk.) ,Dolormin (McNeil, Ger.) ,Dolorsyn (Omega, Arg.) ,Dolorub (Maver, Chile) ,Dolo
Sanol (Sanol, Ger. ; Schwarz, Ger.) ,Dolo Winasorb (Recalcine, Chile) ,Dolprin (Collins,
Mex.) ,Dolprofen (Collins, Mex.) ,Doltaque (EG, Fr.) ,Doltra (Juste, Spain) ,Dolval
(Randall, Mex.) ,Dolven (Zentiva, Turk.) ,Dolver (Maver, Mex.) ,Doraliv (Ache,
Braz.) ,Doraplax (Luper, Braz.) ,Doretrim (Novartis, Braz.) ,Dorigren (Soma,
Braz.) ,Dorival (Bayer, Spain) ,Drin (Vianex (Vianex), Gr.) ,Dristan Sinus (Whitehall,
USA) ,Dristan Sinus (Whitehall-Robins, Canad.) ,Druisel (Northia, Arg.) ,DT-Ibuflam
(Laborate, India) ,Duafen (Pharmed, Austria) ,Dualflam (Bactolac, India) ,Dualgos
(Liferpal, Mex.) ,Duanibu (Klosterfrau, Austria) ,Duexis (Horizon, USA) ,Duobrus (Searle,
Swed.) ,Duoflam (Svizera, India) ,Duoflam Plus (Svizera, India) ,dura-Ibu (Durachemie,
Ger.) ,duraIbuprofen (Merck dura, Ger.) ,Duran (TNP, Thai.) ,Dynafed IB (BDI,
USA) ,Dynofen (Thebe, S.Afr.) ,Dysdolen (Wander, Ger.) ,Easofen (Clonmel, Irl.) ,Ebufac
(DDSA Pharmaceuticals, UK) ,Ecoprofen (Sandoz, Switz.) ,Ediluna (Vinas, Spain) ,Efen
(Micro, India) ,Efficover (O2, China) ,Emflam Plus (Merck, India) ,Epsilon (Will-Pharma,
Belg.) ,Ergix Douleur et Fievre (Merck Medication Familiale, Fr.) ,Esanterm (Esan,
Chile) ,Espadiva (Apotex, Mex.) ,Espasmofin (Oriental, Arg.) ,Espasmo Ibupirac
(Pharmacia, Arg.) ,Espasmo Ibuprofeno (Elisium, Arg.) ,Espasmo Motrax (Labinca,
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Arg.) ,Esprenit (Hennig, Ger.) ,Ethifen (Ethica, Indon.) ,EtIbufen (Ethypharm,
China) ,Eudorlin Extra (Berlin-Chemie, Ger.) ,Eudorlin Migrane (Berlin-Chemie,
Ger.) ,Eufen (PP Lab, Thai.) ,Eufenil (Gelcaps, Mex.) ,Eufenil M28 (Gelcaps,
Mex.) ,Europrofen (Euro-Pharm, Canad.) ,Evasprin (Cantabria, Spain) ,Excedrin IB
(Bristol-Myers Products, USA) ,Exidol (Sopar, Belg.) ,Exneural (BASF, Ger.) ,Expanfen
(Expanpharm, Fr.) ,Extrapan (Qualiphar, Belg.) ,Fabogesic (Fabop, Arg.) ,Factopan
(Liade, Spain) ,Fafen (Pharmahof, Thai.) ,Farsifen (Ifars, Indon.) ,Faspic (Inpharzam,
Switz.) ,Faspic (Robapharm, Spain) ,Faspic (Sermmitr, Thai.; Zambon, Thai.) ,Faspic
(Zambon, Ital.) ,Faspic (Zambon, Rus.) ,Febratic (Rhein, Mex.) ,Febratic (Roemmers,
Arg.) ,Febryn (Sunthi Sepuri, Indon.) ,Febsen (Medley, Braz.) ,Femafen (Nicholas,
UK) ,Femapirin (Chefaro, Neth.) ,Femaprin (Omega, Spain) ,Femicaps (Zuoz,
Venez.) ,Femidol (Merck, Spain) ,Feminalin (Farma Lepori, Spain) ,Feminity (Klonal,
Arg.) ,Femmex Plus (Konsuma, Venez.) ,Femmexultra (Konsuma, Venez.) ,Fenalgic
(Specia, Fr.) ,Fenatic (Promed, Indon.) ,Fenbid (Goldshield, UK) ,Fenbid (GSK,
China) ,Fenbid (Vianex (Vianex), Gr.) ,Fenceta (Alkem, India) ,Fenibu (Helm,
Port.) ,Fennikang (Southwest, China) ,Fenopine (Pinewood, Irl.) ,Fenpaed (AFT,
NZ) ,Fenpaed (Pinewood, UK) ,Fenpic (Andromaco, Chile) ,Fenpic (Zambon,
Port.) ,Fenris (Interbat, Indon.) ,Fenshida (Xingsha, China) ,Fen Su (Yangtze River,
China) ,Fentrex (USV, India) ,Feverfen (Wise, UK) ,Fibraflex (Orion, Ger.) ,Fidoin-Q
(Quimpharma, Mex.) ,Fiedosin (Nupel, Spain) ,Finagrip (Interpharma, Chile) ,Fitflam
(Finecure, India) ,Fladexon (Flamingo, Philipp.) ,Flexafen (Diba, Mex.) ,Flexan (Tylid,
Philipp.) ,Flexigesic (Medi-Rx, Philipp.) ,Flexina (Sidus, Arg.) ,Flexon (Aristo,
India) ,Flexon-MR (Aristo, India) ,Focus (Angelini, Ital.) ,Focus (Bayer, Gr.) ,Fontol
(Duncan, Arg.) ,Forbiphen (Norma (Norma), Gr.) ,Fortapal (GSK, Chile) ,Frenador
(Ibfarma, Braz.) ,Frenidor (Confar, Port.) ,Fu Er Da (Sine, China) ,Fu Er Shuan (TaiYuan,
China) ,Fymnal (Farmasa, Braz.) ,Galprofen (Galpharm, UK) ,Gan Ning (Gelalei,
China) ,Gedol (Lafi, Chile) ,Gelidol (AstraZeneca, Mex.) ,Gelidol-X-Press (AstraZeneca,
Mex.) ,Gelobufen (Ferrer, Spain) ,Gelofeno (Ferrer, Spain) ,Gelufene (Cooperation
Pharmaceutique, Fr.) ,Gen-Payne (Adcock Ingram, S.Afr.) ,Genpril (Goldline,
USA) ,Genselax (Doctors, Philipp.) ,Gerofen (Munir, Turk.) ,Gesica (Unison,
Thai.) ,G-Fen (General Drugs, Thai.) ,Gobrosan (Apotex, Mex.) ,Gofen (Mega
Lifesciences, Thai.) ,Greatofen (Greater Pharma, Thai.) ,Grefen (Doetsch, Grether,
Switz.) ,Gribo Cold (Dincsa, Turk.) ,Gynofug (Wolff, Ger.) ,Gyno-Neuralgin (Pfleger,
Ger.) ,Haltran (Roberts, USA) ,Hedex Ibuprofen (GSK Consumer, UK) ,Heidi (Siam
Bheasach, Thai.) ,Hemagene Tailleur (Elerte, Fr.) ,Hexal Compufen (Hexal,
Austral.) ,Huanshifen (United Lab, China) ,Huma-Profen (Teva, Hung.) ,Ibalgin (Zentiva,
Cz.) ,Ibalgin (Zentiva, Pol.) ,Ibalgin (Zentiva, Rus.) ,Ibalgin Duo (Zentiva, Cz.) ,Ibalgin
Grip (Zentiva, Cz.) ,Ibalgin Sport (Zentiva, Pol.) ,Iben Forte (Apex, India) ,Ibenon (Diviser
Aquilea, Spain) ,Iben Plus (Apex, India) ,Ibifon (Ampharco, USA) ,Ibodezil (Coup,
Gr.) ,Iboflam (Glenmark, S.Afr.) ,Ibol (Cascan, Ger.; Cascapharm, Ger.) ,Iboo (Teva,
Israel) ,Ibopain (Docmed, S.Afr.) ,Ibosure (Sandoz, Neth.) ,Ib-Profeno (Ibfarma,
Braz.) ,Ibrofen (TO-Chemicals, Thai.) ,Ibrufhalal (Halal, UK) ,Ibrumac (Macleods,
India) ,Ibruvon Forte (Macleods, India) ,Ibu (Actavis, Switz. ; Sandoz, Switz.) ,Ibu
(Andromaco, Chile) ,IBU (Austell, S.Afr.) ,Ibu (Boots, USA) ,Ibu (Hemopharm, Ger.) ,Ibu
(ISA, Arg.) ,Ibu (Kade, Ger.) ,Ibu (Osper, India) ,Ibu (Pose, Thai.) ,Ibu (Ratiopharm,
Austria) ,Ibu-4, -6, -8 (Truxton, USA) ,Ibu-4 (Master, Chile) ,Ibu-6 (Master, Chile) ,Ibu600 (Yeni, Turk.) ,Ibualgic (EG, Fr.) ,ibu-Attritin (Tussin, Ger.) ,Ibubenitol (Benitol,
Arg.) ,Ibu Benuron (Novartis Consumer, Ger.) ,Ibuberl (Berlin-Chemie, Cz.) ,Ibubest (CT,
Ger.) ,Ibubeta (Betapharm, Ger.) ,Ibubex (Bexal, Spain) ,Ibubid (Natco, India) ,Ibubid
Plus (Sun, India) ,Ibu-Buscapina (Boehringer Ingelheim, Arg.) ,Ibucalmin (Tetrafarm,
Arg.) ,Ibucaps (Zuoz, Venez.) ,Ibucare (PSM, NZ) ,Ibucasen (Casen Fisons,
Spain) ,Ibucet (East West, India) ,Ibucler (Monserrat, Arg.) ,Ibucler Fem (Monserrat,
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Arg.) ,Ibuclin (Reddy, India) ,Ibuclin (Reddy, Rus.) ,Ibucod (Aspen, S.Afr.) ,Ibucoden
(Farma, Venez.) ,Ibucode Plus (Actavis, NZ) ,Ibucon (Concept, India) ,Ibucon (Volta,
Chile) ,Ibucon Plus (Concept, India) ,Ibu-Cream (Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Austral.) ,Ibudol
(Sanova, Austria) ,Ibudol (Stedman, India) ,Ibudol-A Kid (Stedman, India) ,Ibudolofrix
(Penn, Arg.) ,Ibudolor (Actavis, Cz.) ,Ibudolor (Stada, Ger.) ,Ibudone (Proethic,
USA) ,Ibudristan (Wyeth Consumer, Arg.) ,Ibu Evanol (GSK, Arg.) ,Ibu Evanol Extra
(GSK, Arg.) ,Ibu Evanol Plus (GSK, Arg.) ,Ibuf (Finecure, India) ,Ibufabra (Fabra,
Arg.) ,Ibufac (DDSA Pharmaceuticals, UK) ,Ibufac (Unison, Hong Kong) ,Ibufac (Unison,
Malaysia) ,Ibufac (Unison, Thai.) ,Ibufarm (Noristan, S.Afr.) ,Ibufarmalid (Farmalider,
Spain) ,Ibufein (Slovakofarma, Cz.) ,Ibufem (Biotenk, Arg.) ,Ibufem (Galpharm,
UK) ,Ibufem (Sanova, Austria) ,Ibufen (Abbott, Turk.) ,Ibufen (Akrikhin, Rus.) ,Ibufen
(Beacons, Singapore) ,Ibufen (CCM, Malaysia) ,Ibufen (Cinfa, Spain) ,Ibufen (Dexcel,
Israel) ,Ibufen (Medana, Pol. ; Polpharma, Pol.) ,Ibufen (Polpharma, Ukr.) ,Ibufen (Siam
Bheasach, Thai.) ,Ibufen (Vargas, Venez.) ,Ibufenac (preparation) (Ronava,
Venez.) ,Ibufetum (Menarini, Fr.) ,Ibufex (United Drug, Thai.) ,Ibufix (Investi,
Arg.) ,Ibuflam (More, Mex.) ,Ibuflam (Winthrop, Ger.) ,Ibuflamar-P (Indoco, India) ,Ibuflex
(Legrand, Braz.) ,Ibuflex (Rayere, Mex.) ,Ibufran (Neo Quimica, Braz.) ,Ibufug (Wolff,
Ger.) ,Ibufull (Lafedar, Arg.) ,Ibugan (Sanofi-Aventis, Thai.) ,Ibugel (Abbott,
Austria) ,Ibugel (Dermal Laboratories, Irl.) ,Ibugel (Dermal Laboratories, UK) ,Ibugel
(GSK, Gr.) ,Ibugel (Medinova, Switz.) ,Ibugesic (Cipla, India) ,Ibugesic (Cipla-Medpro,
S.Afr.) ,Ibugesic-M (Cipla, India) ,Ibugesic Plus (Cipla, India) ,Ibugin (GSK, India) ,IbuHepa (Zentiva, Cz.) ,Ibuhexal (Hexal, Ger.) ,Ibukey (Pharminicio, Spain) ,Ibukids (LBS,
Thai.) ,Ibu Kitadol (Laboratorios Chile, Chile) ,Ibu-Lady (Microsules Bernabo,
Arg.) ,Ibulam (Lepetit, Arg.) ,Ibulan (Olan-Kemed, Thai.) ,Ibular (Lagap, UK) ,Ibuleve
(Dendron, UK) ,Ibuleve (Dermal, Israel) ,Ibuleve (Diomed, Irl.) ,Ibuleve (GSK,
Singapore) ,Ibuleve (Pfizer, S.Afr.) ,Ibulgan (Lagap, Neth.) ,Ibulgan (Lagap,
Switz.) ,Ibulgia (Biosintex, Arg.) ,Ibulium (Medicine Products, Thai.) ,Ibuloid (Reddy,
Singapore) ,Ibulos (Vomelin, Hung.) ,Ibum (Hasco-Lek, Pol.) ,Ibum (Hasco-Lek,
Pol.) ,Ibumac (Belmac, Spain) ,Ibumac Plus (Profic Organic, India) ,Ibuman (T Man,
Thai.) ,Ibumar (Mar, Arg.) ,Ibumar Migra (Mar, Arg.) ,Ibumax (Cipla-Medpro,
S.Afr.) ,Ibumax (Utopian, Thai.) ,Ibumax (Vitabalans, Cz.) ,Ibumax (Vitabalans,
Denm.) ,Ibumax (Vitabalans, Fin.) ,Ibumax (Vitabalans, Hung.) ,Ibumax (Vitabalans,
Pol.) ,Ibumax (Vitabalans, Swed.) ,Ibumed (Bradford Chemists Alliance, UK) ,Ibumed
(GSK, S.Afr.) ,Ibumed (Helvepharm, Switz.) ,Ibumed (Pharmacobel, Belg.) ,Ibumejoral
(Elisium, Arg.) ,Ibumejoral Flex (Elisium, Arg.) ,Ibumerck (Merck dura, Ger.) ,Ibumetin
(Benzon, UK) ,Ibumetin (Leiras, Fin.) ,Ibumetin (Nycomed, Austria) ,Ibumetin (Nycomed,
Denm. ; United Nordic, Denm.) ,Ibumetin (Nycomed, Neth.) ,Ibumetin (Nycomed,
Norw.) ,Ibumetin (Nycomed, Swed.) ,Ibumet P (Mount Mettur, India) ,Ibum Grip (HascoLek, Pol.) ,Ibumol (Aspen Consumer, S.Afr.) ,Ibumol (Brawn, India) ,Ibumousse (Dermal
Laboratories, UK) ,Ibu Mujer (ISA, Arg.) ,Ibumultin (Lazar, Arg.) ,Ibun (Lincoln,
India) ,Ibunastizol (Bago, Arg.) ,Ibunastizol Doble Accion (Bago, Arg.) ,Ibunate (Gulf
Drug, S.Afr.) ,Ibunet (Nettopharma, Denm.) ,Ibunij (Sunij, India) ,Ibu-Novalgina (SanofiAventis, Arg.) ,Ibup (Bouzen, Arg.) ,Ibupac (Inpac, Thai.) ,Ibupain (Sandoz,
S.Afr.) ,Ibupain Forte (Sandoz, S.Afr.) ,Ibupal (Jagsonpal, India) ,Ibupar (Polfa
Pabianice, Pol.) ,Ibupar-M (Chemo-Drugs, India) ,Ibupas (Sigma-Tau, Ital.) ,Ibupax
(Alter, Port.) ,Ibuped (Healthprime, Philipp.) ,Ibupen (APT, Hong Kong) ,Ibuphlogont
(Azupharma, Ger.) ,Ibupirac (Chemopharma, Chile) ,Ibupirac (Pfizer, Arg.) ,Ibupirac
Compuesto (Chemopharma, Chile) ,Ibupirac Fem (Pfizer, Arg.) ,Ibupirac Flex (Pfizer,
Arg.) ,Ibupirac Flu (Chemopharma, Chile) ,Ibupirac Grip (Pfizer, Arg.) ,Ibupirac Migra
(Pfizer, Arg.) ,Ibupirac Plus (Pfizer, Arg.) ,Ibupiretas (Pfizer, Arg.) ,Ibupril (Liomont,
Mex.) ,Ibupril (Teuto, Braz.) ,Ibuprin (Thompson, USA) ,Ibuprin (Vivax Gynopharm,
Venez.) ,Ibuprof (CT, Ger.) ,Ibuprofan (Bunker, Braz.) ,Ibuprofen and Pseudoephedrine
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Hydrochloride Tablets USP 36,Ibuprofen Cream BP 2014,Ibuprofen Gel BP
2014,Ibuprofenix (Phoenix, Arg.) ,Ibuprofen Oral Suspension BP 2014,Ibuprofen Oral
Suspension USP 36,Ibuprofen Tablets BP 2014,Ibuprofen Tablets USP 36,Ibuprofex
(Sertex, Arg.) ,Ibuprohm (Ohm, USA) ,Ibuprom (US Pharmacia, Pol.) ,Ibuprom (US
Pharmacia, Rus.) ,Ibuprom (US Pharmacia, Ukr.) ,Ibuprom Sinus (US Pharmacia,
Ukr.) ,Ibuprom Zatoki (US Pharmacia, Pol.) ,Ibupron (Ratiopharm, Austria) ,Ibuprox
(Elmor, Venez.) ,Ibuprox (Ferrer, Spain) ,Ibuprox (Ratiopharm, Norw.) ,Ibu-Proxyvon
(Wockhardt, India) ,Ibura (Shreya, India) ,Iburamin Cold (Berko, Turk.) ,Ibu-ratiopharm
(Ratiopharm, Ger.) ,Iburem (Sanova, Austria) ,Iburen (Hua, Thai.) ,Ibureumin (Durascan,
Denm.) ,Iburic Plus (Euphoric, India) ,Iburion (Orion, Cz.) ,Iburion (Orion, Pol.) ,Ib-u-ron
(Bene, Ger.) ,Ibusal (Orion, Fin.) ,Ibuscent (Alpex, Switz.) ,Ibuscent (Vita Elan,
Spain) ,Ibusi (Mertens, Arg.) ,Ibusifar (Siphar, Switz.) ,Ibuslow (Eurodrug, Hong
Kong) ,Ibu-Slow (Therabel, Belg.) ,Ibusol (Cassara, Arg.) ,Ibuspan (Emcure,
India) ,Ibuspan-P (Emcure, India) ,Ibuspel (Specifar (Spesifar), Gr.) ,Ibuspray (Dermal
Laboratories, UK) ,Ibustar (Berlin-Chemie, Denm.) ,Ibustar (Berlin-Chemie,
Hung.) ,Ibustick (Farmasierra, Spain) ,Ibusumal (Purissimus, Arg.) ,Ibusynth
(AstraZeneca, India) ,Ibu-Tab (Alra, USA) ,Ibutab (Zee, USA) ,Ibutabs (Orion,
Fin.) ,Ibutad (TAD, Ger.) ,Ibutan (Meyer Alian, Venez.) ,Ibutard (Borshchagovskii,
Ukr.) ,Ibutenk (Biotenk, Arg.) ,Ibu-Tetralgin (Craveri, Arg.) ,Ibutop (Chefaro, Ger.) ,Ibutop
(Dolorgiet, Denm.) ,Ibutop (Dolorgiet, Hung.) ,Ibutop (Omega, Belg.) ,Ibutop (Omega,
Fr.) ,Ibutop (Overseas, India) ,Ibutop (Sanova, Austria) ,Ibutop Cuprofen (SSL,
UK) ,Ibutop Ralgex (SSL, UK) ,Ibutrit (Kocak, Turk.) ,Ibu-Vivimed (Mann, Ger.) ,Ibuvix
(Geolab, Braz.) ,Ibuwin (Wings, India) ,Ibux (Weifa, Norw.) ,Ibuxfar (Wunderpharm,
Arg.) ,Ibuxim (Savant, Arg.) ,Ibuxim Fem (Savant, Arg.) ,Ibuxin (Ratiopharm,
Fin.) ,Ibuzidine (Fada, Arg.) ,Icparil (ICPA, India) ,Idyl (Multicare, Philipp.) ,I Fen F (Patar,
Thai.) ,Ifenin (Actavis, Pol.) ,Ifenin (Actavis, Port.) ,Ifentil (Biomep, Mex.) ,I-Laxx (Lumar,
Philipp.) ,Ilvico grippal (Merck, Ger.) ,Imbun (Recordati, Ger.) ,Imet (Berlin-Chemie,
Ukr.) ,Imol (Zydus, India) ,Imol Plus (Zydus, India) ,Inabrin (Pharmacia Upjohn,
Belg.) ,Inabrin (Pharmacia Upjohn, Ital.) ,Inabrin (Pharmacia Upjohn, Port.) ,Inadol
(Pharmagenus, Spain) ,Incefal (Andreu, Spain) ,Indofeno (Fada, Arg.) ,Infacalm (Tianda,
Hong Kong) ,Infants Motrin (McNeil Consumer, Canad.) ,Inflam (CP Protea,
Austral.) ,Inflapen (GSK, India) ,Inoven (Johnson & Johnson MSD Consumer,
UK) ,Inpained (Bajamed, Mex.) ,Intralgis (Urgo, Fr.) ,Inza (Aspen, S.Afr.) ,Ipecee (Cadila,
India) ,IPM (Cadila, India) ,Ipren (McNeil, Swed.) ,Ipren (Nycomed, Denm.) ,Iproben
(Mepha, Switz.) ,I-Profen (Osoth, Thai.) ,Iprogel (Mepha, Switz.) ,Iprox (Novell,
Indon.) ,Ipson (Saval, Chile) ,Ipson-D (Saval, Chile) ,Iremax (Guardian, Indon.) ,Irfen
(Mepha, Cz.) ,Irfen (Mepha, Switz.) ,Irfen (Mepha, Ukr.) ,Isdibudol (Isdin, Spain) ,Isdol
(Isdin, Spain) ,Isisfen (Isis, UK) ,Jenaprofen (Jenapharm, Ger.) ,Jie Le (Man Xiu Lei Dun,
China) ,Jihao (Hengrui, China) ,Junifen (Boots, Thai.) ,Junifen (Boots Healthcare,
Belg.) ,Junifen (Crookes Healthcare, UK) ,Junifen (Reckitt Benckiser, Port.) ,Junifen
(Reckitt Benckiser, Spain) ,Junifen (Sanova, Austria) ,Junimol (Heromycin, Thai.) ,Kalma
(Schering-Plough, Spain) ,Kang Tai Ke Qing (SKF, China) ,Keluoqu (Livzon,
China) ,Kendo (ABC, Ital.) ,Kesan (Baliarda, Arg.) ,Ke Tai Shu (Xiuzheng,
China) ,Kidofen (Aflofarm, Pol.) ,Kidofen Duo (Aflofarm, Pol.) ,Kidyfen (Keymen,
Turk.) ,Kifen (Farbio, Port.) ,Kin (Andromaco, Chile) ,Kintal (Pharmasant,
Thai.) ,Kontagripp (Sandoz, Ger.) ,Kratalgin (Kwizda, Austria) ,Labsyna (Labsa,
Arg.) ,Labsyna Caf (Labsa, Arg.) ,Labsyna Fem (Labsa, Arg.) ,Lacondan (Hosbon,
Spain) ,Lafegesic (Lafedar, Arg.) ,Landelun (Tsuruhara, Jpn) ,Lederflam Plus (Wyeth,
India) ,Lemsip Flu 12Hr (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Lemsip Max All Day Cold & Flu (Reckitt
Benckiser, UK) ,Lemsip Max All Day Flu Relief (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Lemsip Max All
Night Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Lemsip Max All Night Flu Relief (Reckitt
Benckiser, UK) ,Lemsip Pharmacy Powercaps (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Lemsip Power +
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(Reckitt & Colman, UK) ,Lenafen (Aspen, S.Afr.) ,Leonal (Byk Leo, Spain) ,Levedol
(Dermogen, Spain) ,Lexaprofen (Molex Ayus, Indon.) ,Librofem (LPC, UK) ,Librofem
(Zyma, Spain) ,Liderfeme (Farmalider, Spain) ,Liderfen (Farmalider, Port.) ,Lidifen (Berk,
UK) ,Limasip (Berlico Mulia, Indon.) ,Lobain (DWD, India) ,Lofen (Pharmaland,
Thai.) ,Logomed Schmerz (Logomed, Ger.) ,Lombalgina (Neo Quimica,
Braz.) ,Londodact (Panvifarm, Gr.) ,Lotem (Adcock Ingram, S.Afr.) ,Lumbax (Vargas,
Venez.) ,Lumbril-T (Yash, India) ,Lumdol (Medipharm, Chile) ,Lupiflam (Lupin,
India) ,Lupiflam-C (Lupin, India) ,Mafen (Osotspa, Thai.) ,Magadol (Alembic,
India) ,Magnatex (Propan, S.Afr.) ,Malafene (Abbott, Belg.) ,Mandafen (Pharmachem,
UK) ,Mano-Bruzone (March, Thai.) ,Manorfen (Manor, UK) ,Maprofen (Marching, Hong
Kong) ,Matrix (TRB, Arg.) ,Max (Valmor, Venez.) ,Maxifen (Janssen-Cilag,
Braz.) ,Maxifen (Unipharm, Mex.) ,Maxigesic (AFT, NZ) ,Maxofen (Abbott, India) ,Maydol
(BMS, Venez.) ,Medbufen (Medhaus, Philipp.) ,Medicol (United Laboratories,
Philipp.) ,Medifen (Grisi, Mex.) ,MediGrip (Medipharm, Chile) ,Medipren (Johnson &
Johnson, Spain) ,Medipren (McNeil Consumer, Canad.) ,Medipren (McNeil Consumer,
USA) ,Mejorultra (GSK, Mex.) ,Melabon (Merz, Switz.) ,Melfen (Clonmel, Irl.) ,Melfen
(PannonPharma, Hung.) ,Menadol (Rugby, USA) ,Mensalgin (Chobet, Arg.) ,Mensoton
(Berlin-Chemie, Ger.) ,Mentholatum Ibuprofen (Mentholatum, UK) ,Mestral (Meyer Alian,
Venez.) ,Metafen (Polpharma, Pol.) ,Micarzin (AF, Mex.) ,Midol (Andromaco,
Chile) ,Midol (Invida, Philipp.) ,Midol Cramp & Body Aches (Bayer Consumer, USA) ,MIG
(Berlin-Chemie, Fin.) ,MIG (Berlin-Chemie, Pol.) ,Mig (Berlin-Chemie, Rus.) ,Migrafen
(Chatfield Laboratories, UK) ,Migral II (Montpellier, Arg.) ,Migranin Ibuprofen (Reckitt
Benckiser, Ger.) ,Milifen (Pinewood, Pol.) ,Mobilat (Luitpold, Ger.) ,Modafen (Zentiva,
Cz.) ,Modafen (Zentiva, Pol.) ,Mofen (Erlimpex, Indon.) ,Moment (Angelini, Ital.) ,Moment
(Angelini, Port.) ,Momentact (Angelini, Ital.) ,Momento (CSC, Austria) ,Motrax (Labinca,
Arg.) ,Motrin (McNeil Consumer, Canad.) ,Motrin (McNeil Consumer, USA) ,Motrin
(Pfizer, Braz.) ,Motrin (Pfizer, Chile) ,Motrin (Pfizer, Mex. ; Janssen-Cilag, Mex.) ,Motrin
(Pfizer, UK) ,Motrin (Pfizer, Venez.) ,Motrin (Pharmacia Upjohn, Belg.) ,Motrin
(Pharmacia Upjohn, Port.) ,Motrin (Pharmacia Upjohn, Switz.) ,Motrin Cold & Sinus
(McNeil Consumer, Canad.) ,Motrin IB Sinus (McNeil Consumer, USA) ,Mucogrip
(Boehringer Ingelheim, Cz.) ,Muskelax (United American, Philipp.) ,Mybu (Neon,
India) ,Mybucod (Aspen, S.Afr.) ,Mybulen (Aspen, S.Afr.) ,Myofen (NuLife, India) ,Mypaid
(Adcock Ingram, S.Afr.) ,Myprodol (Adcock Ingram, S.Afr.) ,Nafendol (Nafar,
Mex.) ,Narfen (Alter, Spain) ,Natiken (Kener, Mex.) ,Neobrufen (Abbott,
Mex.) ,Neobrufen (Abbott, Spain) ,Neobrufen con Codeina (Abbott, Spain) ,Neo Butartrol
(Sanitas, Chile) ,Neo-Helvagit (Helvepharm, Switz.) ,Neo-Melufen (Sanofi-Aventis,
Mex.) ,Neo-Mindol (Bracco, Ital.) ,Neoprofen (Pensa, Turk.) ,Neo Rheumacyl (Bode,
Indon. ; Tempo Scan Pacific, Indon.) ,Neo Rheumacyl Neuro (Bode, Indon. ; Tempo
Scan Pacific, Indon.) ,Nerofen (Boots Healthcare, Neth.) ,Neuralgin (Kalbe,
Indon.) ,Neuroquick (Marching, Hong Kong) ,Neutropain (HPP, Hong Kong) ,New Artifen
Plus (Aglowmed, India) ,Nidol (Cantabria, Spain) ,Niofen (K2 Health & Wellness, Chile ;
Recalcine, Chile) ,Niofen Cold HBP (Recalcine, Chile) ,Niofen Flu (Recalcine,
Chile) ,Noalgil (Pharmacia Upjohn, Spain) ,Nodolfen (Lacer, Spain) ,Nofena (Konimex,
Indon.) ,Nolofene (Distrifarma, Port.) ,Non-Drowsy Sudafed Dual Relief Max (Pfizer
Consumer, UK) ,Norflam T (3M, S.Afr.) ,Norswel (Zydus, India) ,Nortafen (Norton,
Ukr.) ,Novalfem (Sanofi-Aventis, Braz.) ,Novaprin (Pharmexco, UK) ,Novartril
(Andromaco, Mex.) ,Novigan (Reddy, Rus.) ,Novigan (Reddy, Ukr.) ,Novo Geniol (GSK,
Arg.) ,Novogeniol (Wunderpharm, Arg.) ,Novogent (Temmler, Ger.) ,Novo-Profen
(Novopharm, Canad.) ,Novo Wilpan (Microsules Bernabo, Arg.) ,Nuo He (Baike Hengdi,
China) ,Nuprilan (Medinfar, Port.) ,Nuprin (Bristol-Myers Products, USA) ,Nureflex (Boots
Healthcare, Spain) ,Nureflex (Reckitt Benckiser, Austria) ,Nureflex (Reckitt Benckiser,
Fr.) ,Nureflex (Reckitt Benckiser, Ital.) ,Nuren (Dabur, India) ,Nuren-Ace (Dabur,
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India) ,Nurofast (Reckitt Benckiser, Ital.) ,Nurofebryl (Boots Healthcare, Belg.) ,Nurofen
(Abdi, Turk.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Austral.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Austria) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Belg.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Cz.) ,Nurofen
(Reckitt Benckiser, Denm.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Fr.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Ger.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Gr.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Hong
Kong) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Hung.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Irl.) ,Nurofen
(Reckitt Benckiser, Israel) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Ital.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Malaysia) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Neth.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, NZ) ,Nurofen
(Reckitt Benckiser, Pol.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Port.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Rus.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, S.Afr.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Singapore) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Spain) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Swed.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Switz.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Thai.) ,Nurofen
(Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Ukr.) ,Nurofen + Codeine (Boots
Healthcare, Belg.) ,Nurofen All Night Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofen All
Night Flu Relief (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Abdi, Turk.) ,Nurofen Cold
& Flu (Boots Healthcare, NZ) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, Austral.) ,Nurofen
Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, Gr.) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser,
Hung.) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, Irl.) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Reckitt
Benckiser, Israel) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, S.Afr.) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu
(Reckitt Benckiser, Singapore) ,Nurofen Cold & Flu (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofen
Cold & Flu Relief (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofen Complex (Reckitt Benckiser,
Spain) ,Nurofenflash (Reckitt Benckiser, Fr.) ,Nurofen Influenza e Raffreddore (Reckitt
Benckiser, Ital.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser, Austral.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt
Benckiser, Irl.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser, Israel) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser,
NZ) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser, Pol.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser,
Rus.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser, S.Afr.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser,
Turk.) ,Nurofen Plus (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofenpro (Reckitt Benckiser,
Fr.) ,Nurofen Rhume (Reckitt Benckiser, Fr.) ,Nurofen Sinus (Crookes Healthcare,
UK) ,Nurofen Stopgrip (Reckitt Benckiser, Cz.) ,Nurofentabs (Reckitt Benckiser,
Fr.) ,Nurofen Ultima (Reckitt Benckiser, Pol.) ,Nurofen Zatoki (Reckitt Benckiser,
Pol.) ,Nurogrip (Boots Healthcare, Spain) ,Nuromol (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurosolv
(Reckitt Benckiser, Ital.) ,Oberdol (Diafarm, Spain) ,Obifen (Ayrton, UK) ,Offeno
(Offenbach, Mex.) ,Oltyl (Europharma, Spain) ,Optajun (F5 Profas, Spain) ,Optalidon Ibu
(Novartis Consumer, Ger.) ,Optalidon Nieuwe Formule (Novartis Consumer,
Belg.) ,Optifen (Spirig, Switz.) ,Opturem (Kade, Ger.) ,Oralfene (Pierre Fabre Sante,
Fr.) ,Orbifen (Orbis Consumer, UK) ,Orbifen Cold & Flu (Orbis Consumer, UK) ,Orthodex
(Psychotropics, India) ,Orthodex Plus (Psychotropics, India) ,Oskadon SP (Supra
Ferbindo, Indon.) ,Ospidyne (Osper, India) ,Ostarin (Otto, Indon.) ,Ostofen (Shiwa,
Thai.) ,Osyfen Plus (Pharma Synth, India) ,Oxibut (Bernabo, Arg.) ,Oxymark (Unimarck,
India) ,Ozonol (Omega, Port.) ,Pabiprofen (Polfa, Cz.) ,Pacifene (Sussex,
UK) ,Paidofebril (Aldo, Spain) ,Painil (Be-Tabs, S.Afr.) ,Pakurat (Oriental, Arg.) ,Pamprin
Ibuprofen (Chattem, Canad.) ,Panado Plus (Adcock Ingram, S.Afr.) ,Panafen (GSK
Consumer, Cz.) ,Panafen IB (GSK, NZ) ,Panafen Plus (GSK, NZ) ,Panafen Plus (GSK
Consumer, Austral.) ,Panax N (Medichemie, Switz.) ,Panofen (VS, Thai.) ,Parafen
(Pharmahof, Thai.) ,Paraflax (Johnson & Johnson, India) ,Paraflex Crema (JanssenCilag, Arg.) ,Parartrin (Cazi, Braz.) ,Parsal (Riemser, Ger.) ,Parvon Forte (Jagsonpal,
India) ,Paxofen (Mercury, UK) ,Pedea (IFET (IFET), Gr.) ,Pedea (Merckle, Ukr.) ,Pedea
(Nycomed, Rus.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Austria) ,Pedea (Orphan, Belg.) ,Pedea (Orphan,
Cz.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Denm.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Fr.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Ger.) ,Pedea
(Orphan, Hung.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Irl.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Ital.) ,Pedea (Orphan,
Neth.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Pol.) ,Pedea (Orphan, Spain) ,Pedea (Orphan, UK) ,Pedea
(Orphan Europe, Norw.) ,Pedea (Orphan Europe, Port.) ,Pedea (Orphan Europe,
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Swed.) ,Pedea (Tema, S.Afr.) ,PediaCare Childrens Pain Reliever Fever Reducer IB
(Medtech, USA) ,PediaCare Infants Pain Reliever Fever Reducer (Medtech,
USA) ,Pediaprofen (Laboratorios Chile, Chile) ,Pedibu (Zuoz, Venez.) ,Pedifen (Atabay,
Turk.) ,Pentabufen (Mosfarma, Rus.) ,Perdofemina (Johnson & Johnson Consumer,
Belg.) ,Perdophen (Johnson & Johnson Consumer, Belg.) ,Perofen (Remedica, Hong
Kong) ,Perofen (Remedica, Malaysia) ,Perofen (Remedica, Singapore) ,Perofen
(Remedica, Thai.) ,Pfeil (Stada, Ger.) ,P-Fen (Millimed, Thai.) ,Phamoprofen (Phamos,
Ger.) ,Phensic Ibuprofen (Merck Consumer, UK) ,Phorpain (Goldshield, Irl.) ,Phor Pain
(Goldshield, UK) ,Pinafor (Medicus, Gr.) ,Pippen (Pharmaland, Thai.) ,Pirexin (Juventus,
Spain) ,Pironal (Bago, Chile) ,Pironal Flu (Bago, Chile) ,Plusofen (Reckitt Benckiser,
Port.) ,Pocyl (Lacer, Spain) ,Ponstil Mujer (Elea, Arg.) ,Ponstin (Elea, Arg.) ,Ponstinetas
(Elea, Arg.) ,Posidolor (Faes, Spain) ,Precenid (Mintlab, Chile) ,Predual (Andromaco,
Chile) ,Prifen (Soho, Indon.) ,Proartinal (Provit, Mex.) ,Probue (Vesco, Thai.) ,Probufen
(Nakornpatana, Thai.) ,Probuxil (Quimica y Farmacia, Mex.) ,Profen (Christo, Hong
Kong) ,Profen (Dincsa, Turk.) ,Profen (Guardian, Indon.) ,Profen (KB, Thai.) ,Profena
(Pond's, Thai.) ,Profenal (Yarindo, Indon.) ,Profeno (Milano, Thai.) ,Profinal (Julphar,
Malaysia) ,Profinal (Julphar, UAE) ,Profinal Cold & Sinus (Julphar, UAE) ,Profinal FM
(Julphar, UAE) ,Profinal XP (Julphar, UAE) ,Proflex (Morishita, Philipp.) ,Proflex
(Novartis Consumer, Irl.) ,Proflex (Novartis Consumer, UK) ,Prolonged-release Ibuprofen
Capsules BP 2014,Prolonged-release Ibuprofen Tablets BP 2014,Prontalgin (SPA,
Ital.) ,Proris (Pharos, Indon.) ,Prosic (Galenium, Indon.) ,Prosinal (Gracia,
Indon.) ,Proven (Ascent, Austral.) ,Provenol (Kela, Belg.) ,Proven Plus (Ascent,
Austral.) ,Provin (McNeil Healthcare, Irl.) ,Pro-XB (Biomep, Mex.) ,Pu Feng Qing (Yake,
China) ,Pu Luo Bi Da (Ou Yi, China) ,Pyriped (Mintlab, Chile) ,Qin Fu (Yuekang Kaiyue,
China) ,Qing Fen (Hui Ren, China) ,Quadrax (Boehringer Ingelheim Promeco,
Mex.) ,Rabufen (Medicpharma, Thai.) ,Radian-B Ibuprofen (Ransom, UK) ,Rafen
(Alphapharm, Austral.) ,Rafen (LCH, Hong Kong) ,Rafen Plus (Alphapharm,
Austral.) ,Ranfen (Ranbaxy, S.Afr.) ,Ratiodol (Ratiopharm, Spain) ,Reactine Forte (Cipla,
India) ,Realdrax (Liferpal, Mex.) ,Redufen (Zollweiden, Switz.) ,Relcofen (Alpharma,
UK) ,Relievo (Sel-J, Philipp.) ,Remidol (Farmasierra, Spain) ,Repozal (Gunsa,
Turk.) ,Reprexain (Gemini, USA) ,Restolax (EuroHealth, Philipp.) ,Reuplex (Farmasa,
Braz.) ,Rhelafen (Lapi, Indon.) ,Rheumanox (Charoen, Thai.) ,Rheuxan (Flamingo,
Philipp.) ,Rhinadvil (Pfizer Sante, Fr.) ,Rhinathiol Cold (Sanofi-Aventis,
Hung.) ,Rhinathiol Rhume (Sanofi Synthelabo OTC, Fr.) ,Rhinureflex (Reckitt Benckiser,
Fr.) ,Ribufen (Jofrain, Mex.) ,Ribunal (Combiphar, Indon.) ,Rimafen (Ranbaxy,
UK) ,Robax Gold (Pfizer, Mex.) ,Robax Platinum (Pfizer Consumer, Canad.) ,Robiflam
(Khandelwal, India) ,Roco (Bayer, Neth.) ,Rofen (Akdeniz, Turk.) ,Roveril (Roux-Ocefa,
Arg.) ,Rozovin (Pharmanik (Farmanik), Gr.) ,Rufen (Boots, USA) ,Rumasian (Asian
Pharm, Thai.) ,Rumatifen (Chew, Thai.) ,Rumatifen-Plus (Chew, Thai.) ,Rupan
(Medochemie, Hong Kong) ,Rupan (Medochemie, Malaysia) ,Rupan (Medochemie,
Thai.) ,Sadefen (Roche Nicholas, Spain) ,Sai Ke (Xiangyu, China) ,Saleto-200 (Roberts,
USA) ,Salivia (LKM, Arg.) ,Salvarina (Salvat, Spain) ,Sanafen (SmithKline Beecham,
Braz.) ,Sanofen (Pharmahof, Thai.) ,Schmerz-Dolgit (Dolorgiet, Ger.) ,Schufen
(Kenyaku, Hong Kong) ,Schufen (Kenyaku, Thai.) ,Seclodin (Home, Port.) ,Seclodin
(Much, Ger.) ,Seclodin (Whitehall, UK) ,Selxan (Prosel, Philipp.) ,Serviprofen (Novartis,
Thai.; Servipharm, Thai.) ,Serviprofen (Servipharm, Switz.) ,Shelrod-Plus (Medikon,
Indon.) ,Shelrofen (Medikon, Indon.) ,Shuang Ji (Taiyang, China) ,Silartrin (Silesia,
Chile) ,Sindol (Fada, Arg.) ,Sindol Fem (Fada, Arg.) ,Sine-Aid IB (McNeil Consumer,
USA) ,Sinifev (Abbott, Ital.) ,Sinprofen (SSP, Thai.) ,Sinumax Cold & Flu (Janssen-Cilag,
S.Afr.) ,Sinutab 3-Way (Johnson & Johnson, S.Afr.) ,Sinutab Advance (Johnson &
Johnson Consumer, Mex.) ,Siprofen (Labima, Belg.) ,Si Wei Pu (Southwest,
China) ,Siyafen (Gunsa, Turk.) ,Skelan (Great Eastern, Thai.) ,Skelan IB (Great Eastern,
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Thai.) ,Soleve (Dendron, UK) ,Solfen (Antigen, Irl.) ,Solpadeine Migraine (GSK,
UK) ,Solpaflex (GSK, Cz.) ,Solpaflex (GSK Consumer, Hung.) ,Solpaflex (GSK
Consumer, Rus.) ,Solpaflex (GSK Consumer, UK) ,Solpaflex (SmithKline Beecham,
Denm.) ,Solufen (Azevedos, Port.) ,Solufen (Brovar, S.Afr.) ,Solufen (Sanofi-Aventis,
Fr.) ,Solufen (Whitehall-Robins, Switz.) ,Solufena (UCB, Spain) ,Solviflu (Boots
Healthcare, Ital.) ,Solvium (Omega, Port.) ,Solvium (Omega, Spain) ,Somaflam (Wallace,
India) ,Spalt (Whitehall-Much, Ger.) ,Spedifen (Zambon, Fr.) ,Spedifen (Zambon,
Thai.) ,Spidifen (Zambon, Spain) ,Spifen (Zambon, Fr.) ,Sporfen (Medinfar, Port.) ,S-Pro
(LBS, Thai.) ,stadasan (Stada, Ger.) ,Stibupatch (Sigma-Tau, Ital.) ,Sudafed PE Sinus +
Anti-inflammatory Pain Relief (Johnson & Johnson, Austral.) ,Sudafed Sinus & Antiinflammatory Pain Relief (Johnson & Johnson, Austral.) ,Sudafed Sinus Advance
(McNeil Consumer, Canad.) ,Sugafen (Idaman, Singapore) ,Summit Ultra (Pendopharm,
Canad.) ,Suphen (Suphong, Thai.) ,Suprafen (Atabay, Turk.) ,Supragesic (Beta,
Arg.) ,Suspren (Nicholas, UK) ,Synprofen (Synco, Hong Kong) ,Syntofene (GSK Sante,
Fr.) ,Tabalon (Sanofi-Aventis, Mex.) ,Tabalon (Teofarma, Ger.) ,Tabcin (Bayer,
Austria) ,Tai Bao (Mao Xiang, China) ,Tamipul (Pro-Pharma, Ukr.) ,Tedifebrin (Estedi,
Spain) ,Tefin (Carysfort, Irl.) ,Tempil (Temmler, Ger.) ,Temsofen (Osel, Turk.) ,Teprix
(Gramon, Arg.) ,Teprix Fem (Sanofi-Aventis, Arg.) ,Termalfeno (Novartis Consumer,
Spain) ,Termokids (Gezzi, Arg.) ,Termo-Niofen (K2 Health & Wellness, Chile) ,Theraflex
Advance (Bayer Consumer, Ukr.) ,Theraflex Advance (Sagmel, Rus.) ,Tian Qian
(Yangzhou No 3, China) ,Tiburon (Merck Medication Familiale, Fr.) ,Tifen (Andromaco,
Chile) ,Tiptipot Ibutaf (CTS, Israel) ,Todalgil (Angelini, Spain) ,Tofen (Utopian,
Thai.) ,Togal Akut Ibuprofen (Togal, Ger.) ,Tomaflex (Boehringer Ingelheim, Cz.) ,Tonal
(Beta, Arg.) ,Trauma-Dolgit (Dolorgiet, Ger.) ,Trendar (Whitehall, USA) ,Treupel Dolo
Ibuprofen (Meda, Switz.) ,Tricalma (Generis, Port.) ,Trifene (Medinfar, Port.) ,Triofeno
(Saval, Chile) ,Tri-Profen (3M, Austral.) ,Tri-Profen Cold & Flu (3M, Austral.) ,Trofen (TP,
Thai.) ,Trombufen (Trommsdorff, Ger.) ,Tuen (Tian Da, China) ,Tuoan (Tian Da,
China) ,Tussamag Fieber- und Schmerztabletten (CT, Ger.) ,Tyhofen (Pharmahof,
Thai.) ,Ultrafen (Dinctas, Turk.) ,Umafen (Umeda, Thai.) ,Uniprofen (Uniao Quimica,
Braz.) ,Unodol (Onedose, Spain) ,Upfen (UPSA Conseil, Fr.) ,Upren (Casel,
Turk.) ,Urem (Kade, Ger.) ,Urem (Mayrhofer, Austria) ,Urgo (Urgo, Cz.) ,Vantil
(Neckerman, Braz.) ,Vefren (Baliarda, Arg.) ,Vefren Flex (Baliarda, Arg.) ,Vicks (Famar,
Gr.) ,Vicks Action (Procter & Gamble, Irl.) ,Vicks Action (Procter & Gamble, UK) ,Vicks
DayQuil Sinus & Pain Relief (Procter & Gamble, Canad.) ,Vicks Flu-Action (Procter &
Gamble, Ital.) ,Vicks Rhume (Procter & Gamble, Fr.) ,Vicoprofen (Abbott, USA) ,Visquo
(Sigma-Tau, Ital.) ,Xin Di Fen (Xinan, China) ,Xin Wei (Simcere, China) ,Ya Ke
(Changzhou Siyao, China) ,Yariven (Yarindo, Indon.) ,Ya Zhou Kang (Suzhou No 3,
China) ,Yi Fen Ning (Yabo, China) ,Zafen (Zambon, Port.) ,Zaikang (Simcere,
China) ,Zefen (Suzhou No 4, China) ,Zip-A-Dol (Labialfarma, Port.) ,Zoafalet-H
(Continentales, Mex.) ,Zofen (Tack Fung, Hong Kong) ,Zofen (Xepa-Soul Pattinson,
Singapore)
Ibuprofen Lysine
Physical And Pharmaceutical Properties
◾ Name Status:USAN
◾ Synonyms: Ibuprofen Lysinate;Soluphene
◾ Chemical Name: Lysine 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionate
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◾ Molecular Formula: C19H32N2O4
◾ Molecular Weight:352.5
◾ CAS Registry: 57469-77-9
◾ ATC:C01EB16; G02CC01; M01AE01; M02AA13
Proprietary Names
◾ Aciril (Molteni, Ital.) ,Adulfen Lysine (Reckitt Benckiser, Belg.) ,Algidrin (Fardi, Spain) ,Algifast
(Fardi, Spain) ,Algifor (Vifor, Switz.) ,Alogesia (Fardi, Spain) ,Antalfort (Johnson & Johnson,
Ital.) ,Antalisin (Johnson & Johnson, Ital.) ,Arfen (Lisapharma, Ital.) ,Contre-Douleurs IL (Wild,
Switz.) ,Dexprofeno (Richmond, Arg.) ,Dismenol (Merz, Switz.) ,Doctril (Johnson & Johnson,
Spain) ,Doctril (Martin, Fr.) ,Dolgex (Laboratorios Chile, Chile) ,Dolofast (Bracco,
Ital.) ,Dolomate (Jaba Recordati, Port.) ,Dolorac (Fardi, Spain) ,Dolormin (McNeil,
Ger.) ,Dolormin (MSD, Port.) ,Fenomas (Masterfarm, Spain) ,Fenospin (Pharmadiet,
Spain) ,Gobbigesic (Gobbi, Arg.) ,Ibalgin Rapid (Zentiva, Cz.) ,Ibu (Hemopharm,
Ger.) ,Ibufabra (Fabra, Arg.) ,Ibufen-L (Amino, Switz.) ,Ibufen-L (Amino, Switz.) ,Ibufull
(Lafedar, Arg.) ,Ibu-Lysin (Ratiopharm, Ger.) ,Ibumyl Rapid (Generics, Cz.) ,Ibupirac (Pfizer,
Arg.) ,Ibuprof (CT, Ger.) ,Ibu-ratiopharm (Ratiopharm, Ger.) ,Ibuzin (Apofri, Swed.) ,Imbun
(Ratiopharm, Austria) ,Imbun (Recordati, Ger.) ,Lisi-Budol (MSD, Spain) ,Metafen Forte
(Medana, Pol.) ,NeoProfen (Recordati, USA) ,Neuralgin extra (Pfleger, Ger.) ,Norvectan (Atral,
Port.) ,Norvectan (Fardi, Spain) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Austria) ,Nurofen (Reckitt
Benckiser, Ger.) ,Nurofen (Reckitt Benckiser, Neth.) ,Nurofen Advance (Crookes Healthcare,
UK) ,Nurofen Advance (Reckitt Benckiser, Cz.) ,Nurofen Advance (Reckitt Benckiser,
Irl.) ,Nurofenfem (Reckitt Benckiser, Fr.) ,Nurofen Instant (Reckitt Benckiser, Cz.) ,Nurofen
Migraine (Reckitt Benckiser, Austral.) ,Nurofen Migraine (Reckitt Benckiser, NZ) ,Nurofen
Migraine (Reckitt Benckiser, UK) ,Nurofen Migrenol (Reckitt Benckiser, Pol.) ,Nurofen Tension
Headache (Reckitt Benckiser, NZ) ,Nuroflash (Reckitt Benckiser, Ital.) ,Perdofen (Johnson &
Johnson, Port.) ,Perskindol Ibuprofen acute (Vifor, Switz.) ,Perviam (Johnson & Johnson
Consumer, Belg.) ,ratioDolor (Ratiopharm, Austria) ,ratioDolor (Ratiopharm, Ger.) ,Salivia
(LKM, Arg.) ,Sinedol Ibuprofen (Hanseler, Switz.) ,Supragesic (Beta, Arg.) ,Tispol Ibu-DD
(McNeil, Ger.)
Physicochemical Characteristics
-Stability.
◾ Solutions of ibuprofen lysine in Water for Injections stored at room temperature were
found to be most stable when protected from light.1 (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last
modified: 2006-11-07)
◾ 1. Volonté MG, et al. Stability of ibuprofen in injection solutions. Am J Health-Syst Pharm
2005; 62: 630-3. (PubMed id:15757886)
Adverse Effects, Treatment, and Precautions
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◾ As for NSAIDs in general, Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Ibuprofen may be better
tolerated than other NSAIDs.
◾ Adverse effects that may be associated with the use of ibuprofen injection in premature
neonates include intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular leucomalacia,
bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary haemorrhage, necrotising enterocolitis, intestinal
perforation, oliguria, fluid retention, and haematuria; hypoxaemia and gastrointestinal
haemorrhage have also been reported. In addition ibuprofen injection should not be given to
neonates with life-threatening infection, with significant renal impairment, or with known or
suspected necrotising enterocolitis. Infants who are bleeding (especially gastrointestinal
bleeding or intracranial haemorrhage) or who have thrombocytopenia or coagulation defects
should also not be given parenteral ibuprofen, and those given it should be monitored during
treatment for signs of bleeding. Renal function should be monitored and if anuria or marked
oliguria is evident at the time of a scheduled second or third dose, it should be delayed until
renal function has returned to normal.
◾ Symptoms of nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, and tinnitus have been reported after
ibuprofen overdosage. More serious toxicity is uncommon, but giving activated charcoal
followed by supportive measures is recommended if the quantity ingested within the previous
hour exceeds 400 mg/kg. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2010-06-02)
-Breast feeding.
◾ No adverse effects have been seen in breast-fed infants whose mothers were receiving
ibuprofen, and the American Academy of Pediatrics considers1 that it is therefore usually
compatible with breast feeding. The BNF also considers the amount of ibuprofen
distributed into breast milk to be too small to be harmful to a breast-fed infant. A study2
estimated that a breast-fed infant would ingest about 0.0008% of the maternal dose.
However, licensed product information for some preparations, including some topical
preparations, recommends that breast feeding should be avoided during ibuprofen
treatment. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2014-01-14)
◾ 1. American Academy of Pediatrics. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into
human milk. Pediatrics 2001; 108: 776-89. (PubMed id:11533352) [Retired May 2010]
Correction. ibid.; 1029. Also available at:
http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics%3b108/3/776 (accessed
07/11/07)
◾ 2. Walter K, Dilger C. Ibuprofen in human milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1997; 44: 211-12.
(PubMed id:9278216)
-Children.
◾ An analysis1 of the outcome of treatment of 83 915 children found that the risk of
hospitalisation for gastrointestinal bleeding, renal failure, or anaphylaxis was no greater
in children given ibuprofen than in those given paracetamol. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20;
last modified: 2006-10-25)
◾ 1. Lesko SM, Mitchell AA. An assessment of the safety of pediatric ibuprofen. JAMA
1995; 273: 929-33. (PubMed id:7884951)
-Effects on the blood.
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◾ Blood disorders including agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia,1 pure white-cell aplasia,2
and thrombocytopenia3 have been reported in patients taking ibuprofen. Fatal haemolytic
anaemia occurred in a man taking ibuprofen and oxazepam.4 (Last reviewed: 2010-0820; last modified: 2007-09-28)
◾ 1. Gryfe CI, Rubenzahl S. Agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia possibly due to
ibuprofen. Can Med Assoc J 1976; 114: 877. (PubMed id:1268773)
◾ 2. Mamus SW, et al. Ibuprofen-associated pure white-cell aplasia. N Engl J Med 1986;
314: 624-5. (PubMed id:3945248)
◾ 3. Jain S. Ibuprofen-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Clin Pract 1994; 48: 51. (PubMed
id:8179987)
◾ 4. Guidry JB, et al. Fatal autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with ibuprofen.
JAMA 1979; 242: 68-9. (PubMed id:448870)
-Effects on the cardiovascular system.
◾ For a discussion of the cardiovascular effects of NSAIDs, including ibuprofen, see
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 200709-28)
-Effects on the CNS.
◾ Aseptic meningitis has occurred in patients taking NSAIDs. A review1 of NSAID-related
CNS adverse effects summarised 23 literature reports of NSAID-associated aseptic
meningitis; 17 reports involved ibuprofen, 4 sulindac, 1 naproxen, and 1 tolmetin. Of the
23 reports, 11 were in patients with a diagnosis of SLE. Typically the reaction is seen in
patients who have just restarted NSAID therapy after a gap in their treatment. Within a
few hours of restarting the NSAID the patient develops fever, headache, and a stiff neck;
abdominal pain may be present. The patient may become lethargic and eventually
comatose. Symptoms resolve if the NSAID is stopped. It is believed to be a
hypersensitivity reaction but there does not appear to be cross-reactivity between
NSAIDs.
◾ Similar conclusions have also been reported more recently.2 After experience of 2 cases,
a review of the literature identified 71 episodes of ibuprofen-induced aseptic meningitis in
36 patients; 22 patients had recurrent episodes after repeated ibuprofen use. An
underlying auto-immune connective tissue disorder was noted in 22 patients of whom 14
had SLE, 6 had an undifferentiated or mixed disorder, 1 had rheumatoid arthritis, and 1
had Sjögren's syndrome. In most cases, symptoms developed within 24 hours of starting
ibuprofen although 1 patient had been taking ibuprofen for 2 years before the onset of
symptoms. Cross-reactivity was reported in only 1 patient who had also developed
aseptic meningitis with both naproxen and rofecoxib. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last
modified: 2010-08-10)
◾ 1. Hoppmann RA, et al. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern
Med 1991; 151: 1309-13. (PubMed id:2064481)
◾ 2. Rodríguez SC, et al. Characteristics of meningitis caused by ibuprofen: report of 2
cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine 2006; 85: 214-20.
(PubMed id:16862046)
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-Effects on electrolytes.
◾ Hyponatraemia has been described in patients taking ibuprofen;1-3 other risk factors
such as pre-existing renal impairment or use with desmopressin were generally present.
(Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2010-06-02)
◾ 1. Blum M, Aviram A. Ibuprofen induced hyponatraemia. Rheumatol Rehabil 1980; 19:
258-9. (PubMed id:7209292)
◾ 2. Rault RM. Case report: hyponatremia associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory
drugs. Am J Med Sci 1993; 305: 318-20. (PubMed id:8484392)
◾ 3. García EBG, et al. Hyponatraemic coma induced by desmopressin and ibuprofen in a
woman with von Willebrand's disease. Haemophilia 2003; 9: 232-4. (PubMed
id:12614377)
-Effects on the eyes.
◾ Reversible amblyopia has been reported in patients taking ibuprofen.1,2 For reference to
effects on the optic nerve associated with ibuprofen, see Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory
Drugs. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2010-06-02)
◾ 1. Collum LMT, Bowen DI. Ocular side-effects of ibuprofen. Br J Ophthalmol 1971; 55:
472-7. (PubMed id:5557524)
◾ 2. Palmer CAL. Toxic amblyopia from ibuprofen. BMJ 1972; 3: 765. (PubMed
id:4538668)
-Effects on the gastrointestinal tract.
◾ Ibuprofen may be associated with a lower risk of upper gastrointestinal effects than
some other NSAIDs, but nonetheless it can cause dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting,
gastrointestinal bleeding, and peptic ulcers and perforation. Colitis and its exacerbation
have occurred.1,2 (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2006-10-25)
◾ 1. Ravi S, et al. Colitis caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Postgrad Med J
1986; 62: 773-6. (PubMed id:3774712)
◾ 2. Clements D, et al. Colitis associated with ibuprofen. BMJ 1990; 301: 987. (PubMed
id:2249042)
-Effects on the kidneys.
◾ Reports of adverse renal effects with ibuprofen include an increase in serum creatinine
concentration,1 acute renal failure,2-6 and nephrotic syndrome.7 Cystitis, haematuria, and
interstitial nephritis may occur. Acute flank pain and reversible renal dysfunction has
been reported in some patients treated with ibuprofen.8,9 See also Effects on
Electrolytes, Ibuprofen Lysine. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2009-09-05)
◾ 1. Whelton A, et al. Renal effects of ibuprofen, piroxicam, and sulindac in patients with
asymptomatic renal failure: a prospective, randomized, crossover comparison. Ann
Intern Med 1990; 112: 568-76. (PubMed id:2183665)
◾ 2. Brandstetter RD, Mar DD. Reversible oliguric renal failure associated with ibuprofen
treatment. BMJ 1978; 2: 1194-5. (PubMed id:719345)
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◾ 3. Kimberly RP, et al. Apparent acute renal failure associated with therapeutic aspirin
and ibuprofen administration. Arthritis Rheum 1979; 22: 281-5. (PubMed id:420719)
◾ 4. Spierto RJ, et al. Acute renal failure associated with the use of over-the-counter
ibuprofen. Ann Pharmacother 1992; 26: 714. (PubMed id:1591437)
◾ 5. Fernando AHN, et al. Renal failure after topical use of NSAIDs. BMJ 1994; 308: 533.
(PubMed id:8136681)
◾ 6. Moghal NE, et al. Ibuprofen and acute renal failure in a toddler. Arch Dis Child 2004;
89: 276-7. (PubMed id:14977711)
◾ 7. Justiniani FR. Over-the-counter ibuprofen and nephrotic syndrome. Ann Intern Med
1986; 105: 303. (PubMed id:3729219)
◾ 8. McIntire SC, et al. Acute flank pain and reversible renal dysfunction associated with
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Pediatrics 1993; 92: 459-60. (PubMed
id:8361805)
◾ 9. Wattad A, et al. A unique complication of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.
Pediatrics 1994; 93: 693. (PubMed id:8134235)
-Effects on the liver.
◾ Raised liver transaminase values were noted in 3 patients with chronic hepatitis C
infection after taking ibuprofen.1 Values returned to normal on stopping the drug; the
effect recurred in one patient who was re-exposed. Other hepatic adverse effects
reported with ibuprofen include hepatitis2 and liver failure.3
◾ See also Effects on the Skin, Ibuprofen Lysine. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last
modified: 2010-06-02)
◾ 1. Riley TR, Smith JP. Ibuprofen-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with chronic hepatitis
C: a case series. Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93: 1563-5. (PubMed id:9732947)
◾ 2. Borel I, et al. Hépatite aiguë sévère après prise d'ibuprofène. Gastroenterol Clin Biol
2001; 25: 430-2. (PubMed id:11449133)
◾ 3. Rodríguez-González FJ, et al. Orthotopic liver transplantation after subacute liver
failure induced by therapeutic doses of ibuprofen. Am J Gastroenterol 2002; 97: 2476-7.
(PubMed id:12358284)
-Effects on the skin.
◾ Rashes may occur during hypersensitivity reactions although serious dermatological
effects attributed to ibuprofen are rare. Reports of more serious effects have included
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (often associated with hepatotoxicity),1-4 photosensitivity,5
and bullous leucocytoclastic vasculitis.6 (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 201008-20)
◾ 1. Sternlieb P, Robinson RM. Stevens-Johnson syndrome plus toxic hepatitis due to
ibuprofen. N Y State J Med 1978; 78: 1239-43. (PubMed id:276660)
◾ 2. Srivastava M, et al. Drug-associated acute-onset vanishing bile duct and StevensJohnson syndromes in a child. Gastroenterology 1998; 115: 743-6. (PubMed
id:9721172)
◾ 3. Taghian M, et al. Acute vanishing bile duct syndrome after ibuprofen therapy in a
child. J Pediatr 2004; 145: 273-6. (PubMed id:15289784)
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◾ 4. Health Canada. Ibuprofen: Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Can Adverse React News
2005; 15 (3): 3. Also available at: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/alt_formats/hpfbdgpsa/pdf/medeff/carn-bcei_v15n3-eng.pdf (accessed 29/08/08)
◾ 5. Bergner T, Przybilla B. Photosensitization caused by ibuprofen. J Am Acad Dermatol
1992; 26: 114-16. (PubMed id:1531054)
◾ 6. Davidson KA, et al. Ibuprofen-induced bullous leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Cutis 2001;
67: 303-7. (PubMed id:11324392)
-Hypersensitivity.
◾ A fatal asthma attack occurred in a 65-year-old woman, with adult-onset asthma, 30
minutes after ingestion of ibuprofen 800 mg.1
◾ For other hypersensitivity reactions or possible reactions see also Effects on the CNS
(Ibuprofen Lysine) and Effects on the Skin, Ibuprofen Lysine. (Last reviewed: 2010-0820; last modified: 2008-09-02)
◾ 1. Ayres JG, et al. Asthma death due to ibuprofen. Lancet 1987; i: 1082. (PubMed
id:2883408)
-Meningitis.
◾ For reports of aseptic meningitis after use of ibuprofen, see Effects on the CNS,
Ibuprofen Lysine. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2008-09-02)
-Overdosage.
◾ There was a substantial increase in the number of cases of ibuprofen overdose reported
to the National Poisons Information Service of the UK in the 2 years after its introduction
as an `over-the-counter' medication.1 However, no concurrent increase in severity of
poisoning was found and in only 1 of 203 cases was ibuprofen thought to have caused
serious problems. It was concluded that ibuprofen appeared to be much less toxic in
acute overdose than either aspirin or paracetamol. Current advice is that doses below
100 mg/kg are unlikely to cause toxicity in children, whereas clinical features will occur in
children who have ingested more than 400 mg/kg. In adults the dose-response effect is
less clear cut, but those who have ingested less than 100 mg/kg are unlikely to require
treatment.
◾ Nonetheless, reports illustrate the complexity of major overdosage with ibuprofen. A
syndrome of coma, hyperkalaemia with cardiac arrhythmias, metabolic acidosis, pyrexia,
and respiratory and renal failure was reported2 in a 17-year-old man after major
overdosage with ibuprofen and minor overdosage with doxepin. Hyperkalaemia was not
evident until 14 hours after hospital admission and was thought to be due to a
combination of potassium replacement for initial hypokalaemia, acidosis, muscle
damage, and ibuprofen-induced renal failure. A 6-year-old child developed3 shock,
coma, and metabolic acidosis after ingestion of a dose of ibuprofen equivalent to 300
mg/kg. Treatment consisting of intubation, mechanical ventilation, fluid resuscitation,
gastric lavage, and activated charcoal proved successful. In another report,4 in which a
21-month-old child had ingested the equivalent of 500 mg/kg of ibuprofen, the presenting
symptoms were acute renal failure with severe metabolic acidosis. The child developed
tonic-clonic seizures 46 hours after ingestion, with significant hypocalcaemia and
hypomagnesaemia, which may have been exacerbated by use of sodium polystyrene
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sulfonate and furosemide. The seizures, which could not be controlled with diazepam,
phenytoin, and phenobarbital, ceased on correction of electrolyte balance. (Last
reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2010-06-02)
◾ 1. Perry SJ, et al. Ibuprofen overdose: the first two years of over-the-counter sales. Hum
Toxicol 1987; 6: 173-8. (PubMed id:3557476)
◾ 2. Menzies DG, et al. Fulminant hyperkalaemia and multiple complications following
ibuprofen overdose. Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp 1989; 4: 468-71. (PubMed
id:2601619)
◾ 3. Zuckerman GB, Uy CC. Shock, metabolic acidosis, and coma following ibuprofen
overdose in a child. Ann Pharmacother 1995; 29: 869-71. (PubMed id:8547735)
◾ 4. Al-Harbi NN, et al. Hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia after ibuprofen overdose. Ann
Pharmacother 1997; 31: 432-4. (PubMed id:9101004)
-Porphyria.
◾ The Drug Database for Acute Porphyria, compiled by the Norwegian Porphyria Centre
(NAPOS) and the Porphyria Centre Sweden, classifies ibuprofen as probably not
porphyrinogenic; it may be used as a drug of first choice and no precautions are
needed.1 (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2011-11-14)
◾ 1. The Drug Database for Acute Porphyria. Available at: http://www.drugs-porphyria.org
(accessed 23/10/11)
Interactions
◾ For interactions associated with NSAIDs, see Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. (Last
reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2006-10-25)
-Antineoplastics.
◾ For the effect of ibuprofen on the metabolism of pemetrexed, see Pemetrexed Disodium.
(Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2008-09-02)
-Aspirin.
◾ It has been suggested that ibuprofen may reduce the cardioprotective effect of aspirin
but see NSAIDS, under Interactions of Aspirin, Aspirin. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last
modified: 2010-06-02)
-Lipid regulating drugs.
◾ For a report of rhabdomyolysis and renal failure attributed to an interaction between
ibuprofen and ciprofibrate, see Bezafibrate. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified:
2007-10-22)
-Muscle relaxants.
◾ Baclofen toxicity may develop after starting ibuprofen; for further details, see Baclofen.
(Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2007-10-22)
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Pharmacokinetics
◾ Ibuprofen is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and peak plasma concentrations occur
about 1 to 2 hours after ingestion. Ibuprofen is also absorbed on rectal use. It is partially
absorbed after topical application to the skin; some licensed product information state that
percutaneous absorption from topical gel is about 5% of that from an oral dose form. Ibuprofen
is 90 to 99% bound to plasma proteins and has a plasma half-life of about 2 hours. It is rapidly
excreted in the urine mainly as metabolites and their conjugates. About 1% is excreted in the
urine as unchanged ibuprofen and about 14% as conjugated ibuprofen. There appears to be
little, if any, distribution into breast milk.
◾ The above figures refer to racemic ibuprofen. However, ibuprofen's disposition is
stereoselective and there is some metabolic conversion of the inactiveR-(-)-enantiomer to the
active S-(+)-enantiomer, dexibuprofen (Dexibuprofen). (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last
modified: 2010-06-02)
◾ References. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2011-01-02)
◾ 1. Davies NM. Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen: the first 30 years. Clin Pharmacokinet
1998; 34: 101-54. (PubMed id:9515184)
◾ 2. Sharma PK, et al. Pharmacokinetics of oral ibuprofen in premature infants. J Clin Pharmacol
2003; 43: 968-73. (PubMed id:12971028)
◾ 3. Gregoire N, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen enantiomers in very premature
neonates. J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 44: 1114-24. (PubMed id:15342612)
◾ 4. Han EE, et al. Pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in children with cystic fibrosis. Clin
Pharmacokinet 2004; 43: 145-56. (PubMed id:14871154)
◾ 5. Hao H, et al. Enantioselective pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen and involved mechanisms.
Drug Metab Rev 2005; 37: 215-34. (PubMed id:15747501)
◾ 6. Kyllonen M, et al. Perioperative pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen enantiomers after rectal
administration. Paediatr Anaesth 2005; 15: 566-73. (PubMed id:15960640)
◾ 7. Kokki H, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid distribution of ibuprofen after intravenous administration in
children. Abstract: Pediatrics 2007; 120: 882. (PubMed id:17908721) Full version:
http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/reprint/120/4/e1002 (accessed 15/09/09)
◾ 8. Gregoire N, et al. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of ibuprofen enantiomers in preterm
newborn infants. J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 48: 1460-8. (PubMed id:18796580)
Uses and Administration
◾ Ibuprofen, a propionic acid derivative, is an NSAID (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs). Its
anti-inflammatory properties may be weaker than those of some other NSAIDs.
◾ Ibuprofen is used in the management of mild to moderate pain and inflammation in conditions
such as dysmenorrhoea, headache including migraine, postoperative pain, dental pain,
musculoskeletal and joint disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and
rheumatoid arthritis including juvenile idiopathic arthritis, peri-articular disorders such as
bursitis and tenosynovitis, and soft-tissue disorders such as sprains and strains. It is also used
to reduce fever.
◾ Ibuprofen is also used as an alternative to indometacin in the treatment of patent ductus
arteriosus.
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◾ The usual oral dose for painful conditions is 1.2 to 1.8 g daily in divided doses although
maintenance doses of 600 mg to 1.2 g daily may be effective in some patients. If necessary
the dose may be increased; in the UK the maximum recommended dose is 2.4 g daily
whereas in the USA it is 3.2 g daily. Modified-release preparations of ibuprofen are available
for once- or twice-daily dosing, although actual dosages vary with different preparations.
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis generally require higher doses of ibuprofen than those with
osteoarthritis. The recommended dose for fever reduction is 200 to 400 mg every 4 to 6 hours
to a maximum of 1.2 g daily. For oral doses in children, see Administration in Children,
Ibuprofen Lysine.
◾ Ibuprofen may be given parenterally by intravenous infusion for the management of mild to
moderate pain and as an adjunct to opioid analgesics for moderate to severe pain, and for
reduction of fever. For painful conditions, 400 to 800 mg may be given every 6 hours as
necessary. For fever reduction, an initial dose of 400 mg may be followed by 400 mg every 4
to 6 hours or 100 to 200 mg every 4 hours as necessary. Regardless of indication, infusion
time must be no less than 30 minutes and a dose of 3.2 g daily should not be exceeded.
Ibuprofen is also given parenterally for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm
infants; for details of doses, see Ibuprofen Lysine.
◾ Ibuprofen is applied topically as a 5% cream, foam, gel, or spray solution; a 10% gel is also
available. It is also used topically as a dressing containing 500 micrograms/cm2 of ibuprofen
for the management of ulcers and superficial wounds.
◾ Ibuprofen is usually given as the base but derivatives, including various salts, esters, and other
complexes, have also been used. These include lysine (see Patent Ductus Arteriosus,
Ibuprofen Lysine), potassium, and sodium salts, guaiacol and pyridoxine esters, and
mabuprofen (ibuprofen aminoethanol), isobutanolammonium, and meglumine derivatives.
◾ Ibuprofen is usually given as a racemic mixture but preparations containing only the S-(+)isomer dexibuprofen (Dexibuprofen) are available in some countries. (Last reviewed: 2010-0820; last modified: 2011-03-01)
-Administration in children.
◾ In the UK, the following oral doses of ibuprofen, given according to age, are
recommended by the BNFC for the treatment of pain, inflammation of soft-tissue injuries,
or fever in children:
◾ 1 to 3 months: 5 mg/kg 3 or 4 times daily
◾ 3 to 6 months: 50 mg 3 times daily
◾ 6 to 12 months: 50 mg 3 or 4 times daily
◾ 1 to 4 years: 100 mg 3 times daily
◾ 4 to 7 years: 150 mg 3 times daily
◾ 7 to 10 years: 200 mg 3 times daily
◾ 10 to 12 years: 300 mg 3 times daily
◾ 12 to 18 years: initially 300 to 400 mg 3 or 4 times daily increased, if necessary, to a
maximum of 2.4 g daily; maintenance doses of 200 to 400 mg 3 times daily may be
adequate
◾ for more severe symptoms in children aged between 3 months and 12 years, a dose of
30 mg/kg (maximum 2.4 g) daily in 3 or 4 divided doses may be given
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◾ In the USA, suggested doses for children aged 6 months and over are: for fever, 5 to 10
mg/kg (depending on the severity of the fever) and for pain, 10 mg/kg; doses may be
given every 6 to 8 hours up to a maximum daily dose of 40 mg/kg.
◾ In the treatment of rheumatic disease including juvenile idiopathic arthritis, the BNFC
recommends a dose of 10 mg/kg 3 or 4 times daily (maximum 2.4 g daily) in children
aged 3 months and over; if necessary up to 60 mg/kg daily in 4 to 6 divided doses
(maximum 2.4 g daily) may be given in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. A usual daily
dose in the USA for juvenile idiopathic arthritis is 30 to 40 mg/kg in divided doses.
◾ Similar dosage regimens are also suggested by UK licensed product information for all
the above indications; however, ibuprofen use is not generally recommended in children
weighing less than 5 kg or under 3 months of age.
◾ For post-immunisation pyrexia, a dose of 50 mg has been recommended; a second dose
may be given after 6 hours. If the pyrexia persists after the second dose, medical advice
should be sought. Infants aged 2 to 3 months may also be given a 50-mg dose of
ibuprofen for post-immunisation pyrexia on the advice of a doctor.
◾ Ibuprofen or its lysine salt are also used in the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in
preterm infants; dosage details for this indication are given below in Ibuprofen Lysine.
(Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2014-01-14)
-Cachexia.
◾ For reference to the use of ibuprofen with megestrol to treat cancer cachexia, see
Megestrol Acetate. (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2006-10-25)
-Cystic fibrosis.
◾ In patients with cystic fibrosis (see Antibacterials), the inflammatory response to chronic
pulmonary infection with Pseudomonas organisms contributes to lung destruction.
NSAIDs have been studied in patients with cystic fibrosis as an alternative to
corticosteroids to reduce pulmonary inflammation. Some reviews1,2 found evidence in
support of using high-dose NSAIDs, most notably ibuprofen, to slow the progression of
lung damage in patients with cystic fibrosis. However, there are limited data about the
long-term safety of high doses1 and some consider that this may have limited such use
of NSAIDs;3 others remain to be convinced that a benefit has been shown.4 Furthermore
there were sufficient data to recommend that NSAIDs be temporarily stopped when
intravenous aminoglycosides or other nephrotoxic drugs are used.1 (Last reviewed:
2010-08-20; last modified: 2010-09-08)
◾ 1. Lands LC, Stanojevic S. Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy for cystic
fibrosis. Available in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Issue 4.
Chichester: John Wiley; 2007 (accessed 07/11/07). (PubMed id:17943753)
◾ 2. Konstan MW. Ibuprofen therapy for cystic fibrosis lung disease: revisited. Curr Opin
Pulm Med 2008; 14: 567-73. (PubMed id:18812834)
◾ 3. Fennel PB, et al. Use of high-dose ibuprofen in a pediatric cystic fibrosis center. J
Cyst Fibros 2007; 6: 153-8. (PubMed id:16844429)
◾ 4. Bush A, Davies J. Non! to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory therapy for inflammatory
lung disease in cystic fibrosis (at least at the moment). J Pediatr 2007; 151: 228-30.
(PubMed id:17719925)
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-Pain.
◾ Findings from a long-term study1 in 585 patients (mean age of 64 years) with knee pain
suggested that oral and topical ibuprofen had an equivalent analgesic effect although the
former was associated with more minor adverse effects; there was no difference in the
rate of major adverse effects.
◾ Single dose, oral ibuprofen is an effective analgesic for the treatment of postoperative
pain.2 (Last reviewed: 2010-08-20; last modified: 2010-06-02)
◾ 1. Underwood M, et al. Topical or oral ibuprofen for chronic knee pain in older people:
the TOIB study. Health Technol Assess 2008; 12: 1-176. (PubMed id:18505668)
◾ 2. Derry C, et al. Single dose oral ibuprofen for acute postoperative pain in adults.
Available in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Issue 3. Chichester: John
Wiley; 2009 (accessed 15/09/09). (PubMed id:19588326)
-Patent ductus arteriosus.
◾ Ibuprofen or its lysine salt may be given parenterally for the treatment of patent ductus
arteriosus (Indometacin Sodium) in preterm infants of less than 34 weeks' gestation;
doses are expressed in terms of ibuprofen. Three intravenous doses (infused over 15
minutes) are given at 24-hour intervals; the initial dose is equivalent to 10 mg/kg of
ibuprofen followed by two further doses of 5 mg/kg. If, 48 hours after this course of
therapy the ductus remains open, a second course may be given, but if this produces no
response surgery may be necessary. Ibuprofen injection, when given as the base,
should be used undiluted, but if necessary it may be reconstituted with sodium chloride
0.9% or glucose 5% for injection. When given as the lysine salt, it should be diluted with
sodium chloride 0.9% or glucose 5%.
◾ For a suggestion that ibuprofen might be a better choice than indometacin for the
treatment of patent ductus arteriosus, see Indometacin Sodium. (Last reviewed: 201008-20; last modified: 2010-06-04)
© The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain 2015
© 2015 Truven Health Analytics Inc.
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