Development of Green Hydropower and
Its Prospect in China
CHENG Xialei
National Research Institute for Rural Electrification of MWR
Hangzhou Regional (Asia & Pacific) Center for Small Hydropower
May 2015
Page  1
Contents
1
Status quo of Hydropower
Resources and Its Development in China
China Attaches Great Importance
to the Development of Green Energy
2
3
Pilot Projects of Evaluation of Green SHP in China
4
International Cooperation
5
Follow-up Demand
Contents
1
Status quo of Hydropower
Resources and Its Development in China
China Attaches Great Importance
to the Development of Green Energy
2
3
Pilot Projects of Evaluation of Green SHP in China
4
International Cooperation
5
Follow-up Demand
Hydropower Resources
No. of rivers (each ≥ 10MW):
3886
Theoretical potential: 6082.9 TWh
Technically developable installed capacity (each ≥ 100kW): 600 GW
Technically developable installed capacity (each 0.1-50 MW): 128 GW
Page  4
Hydropower Development
Installed capacity:
Annual production:
302 GW (in which, SHP 73GW)
944 TWh (in which, SHP 220 TWh)
Percentage of hydropower in clean energy:
Page  5
Total national installed capacity of
electric power 1360 GW (2014)
68%.
Total national electric power generation
5463.8 billion kWh (2014)
Contents
1
Status quo of Hydropower
Resources and Its Development In China
China Attaches Great Importance
to the Development of Green Energy
2
3
Pilot Projects of Evaluation of Green SHP in China
4
International Cooperation
5
Follow-up Demand
Hydropower Is An Important Renewable Energy
 Renewable Energy Law (2006)
Medium and Long-term Development Plan of Renewable
Energy (2007)
— Hydropower is included in the priority areas of energy
development.
 Chinese government’s commitment
— By 2020:
non-fossil energy:
15%
reduction of CO2 emission:
40%~45%
(versus 2005)
 Hydropower advantages:
— mature, low operation cost, higher efficiency, better energy
quality, considerable potential (50%)
Page  7
Contribution of SHP to Rural Development
 Rural electrification
— SHP supplying area:
1/2
nation’s territory
1/3
China’s counties
1/4
population
— Rate of accessibility to electricity :
99.9%
Page  8
Rate of accessibility to electricity
Contribution of SHP to Rural Development
 “SHP Replacing Firewood” Project
— solve the problem of livelihood fuel
1330
villages
60
townships
350,000
households
1.33 million
rural residents
— protect forest area
450,000
Page  9
hectares
Construction of Green Hydropower
 Eco-restriction to Face
— large & medium hydropower: land acquisition, resident
relocation, ecological condition
— SHP: partial drying-out of river, excessive development
 Measures to Take (Engineering & Non-Engineering)
— Scientific planning of river
Formulation and revision of medium & small river’s plan
— Construction of eco-hydropower engineering
Base flow provided, fish-way etc.
— Evaluation of green hydropower
Page  10
Drying out of river
Base flow provided
Evaluation of Green Hydropower
 An effective tool
 Supplement to the existing standards
which includes, plan, design, construction and primary operation stage, and
excludes the long-term operation stage
 Current work
— MWR: evaluation of green SHP
— MEP: pilot engineering (Dadu River )
— Large hydropower enterprises : eco investment
Page  11
Contents
1
Status quo of Hydropower
Resources and Its Development in China
China Attaches Great Importance
to the Development of Green Energy
2
3
Pilot Projects of Evaluation of Green SHP in China
4
International Cooperation
5
Follow-up Demand
SCENE
Evaluation Standard on Green SHP (Provisional)
Social
•
•
•
Financial
Resettlement
Interest sharing
Integrated utilization
of water resources
Management
Environment
•
•
•
Hydrology
Water quality
Biology
Page  13
Green SHP
Standard
Stability of economical ·
operation Regional economic ·
contribution -
•
•
Landscape
Energy-saving &
emission reduction
Safety management ·
Operation management ·
Table 3 Evaluation Standard on Green SHP (Provisional)
Item
Type of evaluation
Index
Hydrology (12 points)
Degree of using Min. flow rate (12 points)
Water quality (5 points)
Variability of water quality change (5 points)
Biology (10 points)
Environment
(45 points)
Impact on aquatic organism (6 points)
Impact on animal and plant on land (4 points)
Harmony with landscape (3 points)
Landscape (6 points)
Energy-saving & emission reduction (12
points)
Degree of landscape recovery (3 points)
Substitution effect (6 points)
Efficiency of emission reduction (6 points)
Resettlement quantity per kW (4 points)
Resettlement (12 points)
Implementation result of resettlement (4 points)
Satisfaction of resettled people (4 points)
Society
(30 points)
Public services (6 points)
Interest sharing (12 points)
Guarantee of people’s livelihood (3 points)
Direct benefit (3 points)
Integrated utilization of water resources
(6 points)
Economy
(15 points)
Management
(10 points)
Page  14
Rate of integrated utilization (6 points)
Ability of making profit (5 points)
Stability of economical operation (10
points)
Ability of debt payback (5 points)
Regional economic contribution (5 points)
Rate of social contribution (5 points)
Safety management (5 points)
Extent of standardization (5 points)
Operation management (5 points)
Extent of normalization (5 points)
Table 4 Comparison between the Foreign Green Hydropower
Certification & Evaluation Approaches and the Chinese Evaluation
Standard on Green SHP and the Analysis
Name
Certification of
Green
Hydropower in
Switzerland
Certification of
Low-impact
Hydropower in
USA
Evaluation
Standard of
Hydropower
Sustainability
of IHA
Page  15
Evaluation
Standard of
Green SHP in
China
Main function
To set up certification
standard and economic
incentive mechanism, so as to
encourage the hydropower
owners to actively protect the
ecological environment
To set up certification
standard and economic
incentive mechanism, so as to
encourage the hydropower
owners to actively protect the
ecological environment
Basic content
Impact of the
hydropower project
on the environment
Impact of the
hydropower project
on the environment
To comprehensively evaluate
the sustainability of
hydropower
Environmental,
economic and social
impacts of
hydropower project,
and setting up of an
integrated evaluation
tool
To comprehensively evaluate
the sustainability of
hydropower
Ecological protection
is given high priority,
auxiliary with the
social, economic and
management means
Feature of the evaluation
standard
To be applied for project
operation period, and refer
to the descriptive
standards for the
qualitative evaluation
To be applied for project
operation period, and refer
to the implementation
condition of related
management for the
qualitative evaluation
To be applied for the early
stage, and the preparation,
execution and operation
periods of the hydropower
project, and refer to the
descriptive standards for
the qualitative evaluation
To be applied for project
operation period, and the
qualitative and quantitative
evaluations combined
Process of Evaluation of Green SHP
Formulation
and revision:
Hydro-energy
Development
Planning for
Medium &
Small Rivers
(2012)
Plan
Page  16
Issue the
Management
Regulation
for Minimum
Eco-flow
Regulation
Evaluation
Standard on
Green SHP
(Provisional)
Management
Regulation for
Green SHP
Evaluation
(Provisional)
Standard
水电站
117
hydropower
stations in
17 provinces
水电站
Pilot
Strive for
supporting
policy from
the State
such as offtake tariff etc.
Policy
水电站
Contents
1
Status quo of Hydropower
Resources and Its Development in China
China Attaches Great Importance
to the Development of Green Energy
2
3
Pilot Projects of Evaluation of Green SHP in China
4
International Cooperation
5
Follow-up Demand
International Cooperation in SHP
International Center on Small Hydro Power
(ICSHP) (1994)
Page  18
Hangzhou Regional (Asia-Pacific)
Center for Small Hydro Power
(HRC-SHP) (1981)
World SHP Development Report 2013
 Joint publication by ICSHP and UNIDO
 Report launched on 29 October, 2013 in Brazil
 Published each three years
SMALL
HYDROPOWER WORLD
www.smallhydroworld.org
Page  19
Lighting-up Rural Africa Programme, by UNIDO
and Chinese Government
 to implement 100 micro, mini and small
pilot HPs in 10 selected African countries
 to provide the training for 1000 officials
and technicians
 to benefit 100,000 rural people
Shiwang’andu SHP station was commissioned on
5th December, 2012. H.E. President of Zambia
attended the commissioning ceremony
Page  20
GEF Project: Upgrading of SHP Capacity in China




Policy and institutional framework promoting green SHP plants
Improving the management and safety standard of existing SHP plants
Knowledge and capacities in the fields of green SHPs improved
Monitoring and evaluation
Total Project cost: GEF 10 million US$; US$ 60 million co-financed
Page  21
China-Europe Water Platform
Co-leading Partnership of China – Austria: Small Hydropower Field
 Joint activities on hydropower planning identified
 Common understanding about the guideline development on the implementation of
environmental standards related to small-scaled hydropower
 Selected pilot case studies in place
 ……
Page  22
Guiyang: Eco Forum Global, July 2014
Hangzhou: SHP Workshop, May 2015
China-Pakistan Joint Research Center for SHP
Technology
By means of
foreign aid in
science and
technology,
MOST of China
Page  23
Chinese President
Xi Jinping and
Pakistani Prime
Minister Nawaz
Sharif jointly
unveiled for the
Center with other 7
projects
International Training
Entrusted by
Chinese Ministry of Commerce,
Ministry of Water Resources,
Ministry of Science & Technology,
UNDP, UNIDO, FAO and ILO,
HRC-SHP has successfully hosted 70 training
courses/seminars for more than 1500
participants from over 110 countries…
Ministerial Seminar on Water Resources and Small
Hydropower for Developing Countries (2011)
Page  24
Research & Development
① Canal Turbine Set with USA
② Container-type Micro Hydropower with Australia
③ SCADA System for SHP with Canada
④ Decentralized & Complementary Power-supply Technology
with USA
①
③
Page  25
④
②
Consultancy & Other Services
Cooperating with Over 30 Countries for Hundreds of SHP Projects, Including India,
Indonesia, Cuba, Pakistan, Vanuatu, Nepal, Vietnam, Kenya, Angola, Turkey etc..
Page  26
Contents
1
Status quo of Hydropower
Resources and Its Development in China
China Attaches Great Importance
to the Development of Green Energy
2
3
Pilot Projects of Evaluation of Green SHP in China
4
International Cooperation
5
Follow-up Demand
Follow-up Demand
 Green hydropower evaluation and certification
 Eco-friendly SHP
 Optimal dispatching of river basin and cascade power stations
 Calculation method and monitoring technology of eco-flow
 etc.
Page  28
Thank You！
CHENG Xialei (Ms.)
[email protected]
Page  29