Chapter 8, Astronomy Lesson 4, Stars Objectives __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Main Idea __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Vocabulary star ________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ constellation ________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ parallax ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ light-year ___________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ nebula _____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ supernova __________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ black hole ___________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What are stars? How might you find a certain star in the night sky? __________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ How are stars grouped together and classified? ____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Finding the Distance to a Star About how long is a light-year? _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Can anyone on Earth say for sure that the star Rigel did not explode four years ago? Why or why not? ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Compare and Contrast How are the constellations alike? How are they different? ___________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking It takes sunlight about 8 minutes to reach Earth. Is the Sun more than or less than a light-year away? Explain. _____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What are some properties of stars? Do all stars share the same properties as the Sun? __________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Will the Sun always have the same properties? Explain. ______________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Brightness and Temperature Read a Diagram The H-R Diagram What type of star has a temperature of 3,000 K and a luminosity of 103? ________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Compare and Contrast How are absolute magnitude and apparent magnitude similar? ________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking What are three properties that all stars have and how do they relate to one another? ___________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ How do stars develop? In what ways do stars differ from one another? ____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What is the main factor in determining how a star goes through its life cycle? ____ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Protostars Main-Sequence Stars Red Giants and Supergiants Final Stages All stars are formed and develop the same way, up until what point? ___________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Into how many groups can you divide stars, based in their mass? ______________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Compare and Contrast Compare the development of a less-massive star with that of a more-massive star. ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking Why will the Sun not become a black hole someday? ________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What kind of star is the Sun? In what stage of its life cycle is the Sun? __________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What will happen to the Sun next? _______________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Read a Diagram The Sun What are the layers of the Sun, beginning in the interior and moving outward? ___ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Compare and Contrast How is the Sun like other stars? _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking Do you think the Sun is less massive or more massive than other stars? Why? ____ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________