Name: Date: Course: DATE: The Persuasive Writing and Speaking
Page 1 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DATE: The Persuasive Writing and Speaking Unit The Goal: Apply the skills needed to be effectively persuasive in preparing a written persuasive piece and in delivering a persuasive speech. Directions and Expectations You will learn what successful writers and speakers do to gain their audience’s attention, respectfully convey an argument using a various appeals and choice language, and organize an argument effectively. You will select a current controversial event to research to deepen your understanding of the multiple facets of the debates surrounding that event. More than one person may select the same topic, but this may limit this if too many are doing the same thing. You will select your topic from an approved list. More than one person may select the same topic, but I may limit this if too many are doing the same thing. You will write a persuasive letter attempting to influence others to consider your opinion. The letter will make use of various appeals as evidence, requiring some minor researching for supporting information. This means you MUST give credit to the source you borrowed your information from using attributive tags both in your letter and in your speech. Your letter will be single-spaced and use business letter format. Your letter/speech should make use of one full page, about 500-800 words. Your final letter should be edited for conciseness; attempt to make your point using only one typed page if possible (you cannot alter the business letter format in order to achieve this but rather should work to combine sentences and eliminate redundancy. You will modify your letter to create a speech using similar language, but adjusting for the platform of a speech instead of a letter. You will present your speech to the class on a selected day during the last week of classes. On the day you are scheduled to present, all pre writings, rough drafts, and final letters must have been completed and turned in or you do not get to present a speech. If you have not demonstrated any level of mastery of the skills taught in this unit, you may not earn credit for “winging it” on the final outcome. The speech is to be a well rehearsed, somewhat memorized, committed presentation. While note cards may be used to facilitate the speech, the speech cannot be simply read to the class as this does not meet the bare minimum expectation for the standards. You will rehearse effective speech delivery techniques with your peers and at home. IMPORTANT NOTE: On the day you are scheduled to present your speech, all pre writings, research documents, works cited, and your letter must have been completed and turned in prior to that day (even if they are not awarded academic credit because they are late) or you do not get to present a speech or earn credit for the final product. “Winging it” is not the goal of this unit and is not the product that is to be assessed and therefore will not be assessed. Materials Needed: Internet access… Paper… 3x5 note cards… Blue or black ink pen & a pencil…Highlighter…Accordion folder…Formal attire Persuasive Unit Graded Items: 1) Prewriting #1 Due April 4/6 for 10 points 2) Persuasive Unit Notes Due April 13/14 for 50 points 3) Persuasive Writing and Speaking Practice Test Due April 13/14 for 10 points 4) Persuasive Article Selection and Family Collaboration Due April 15/16 for 10 points 5) Persuasive Writing and Speaking UNIT TEST: Persuasive Author Analysis IN CLASS April 21/22 for 100 points ***OPTIONAL ASSIGNMENT: Speech visual aid must be previewed by Mrs. Pearce on or before April 21/22 6) Persuasive Letter Due April 27/28 to TurnItIn.com —no exceptions—for 100 points ***OPTIONAL ASSIGNMENT: Persuasive Letter to a Person of Influence Due April 29/30 for 30 extra credit points*** 7) Persuasive Speech Rehearsal Parent Collaboration Due May 19/20 for 10 points 8)15+ Speech Note Cards Due May28/29 or June 1/2*depending on which day you signed up to present* for 10 points 9) Persuasive Speech to Peers Due May28/29 or June 1/2 *depending on which day you signed up to present* for 100 points Page 2 of 15 IN MORE DETAIL… Sources: In preparing your letter, you will be using a minimum of 2 types of appeals to assist you in making your argument (logical, emotional, ethical). We will discuss how you are going to find these sources, use them, and give them credit. Please note-If you choose to use the Internet for information you need to use reliable sources (a personal web page, Wikipedia, etc, are not reliable). It is highly recommended that you search only government or educational sites rather than a .org, .com, or .net. Letter requirements: *After doing all prewriting, and creating source and note cards, you will prepare a letter to a legislator, business, organization, or other appropriate person or group. *Your letter should use a minimum of two separate appeals types, and should include support from outside sources *Your letter should include clear attributive tags, giving credit to the sources used *Your letter needs to have a clear and polished thesis, and at least three solid topic sentences that begin each of the body paragraphs. *Your letter must be run through the TurnItIn.com program prior to delivering your speech Citations and Attributive Tags: We have previously discussed what citations are, but in review, a citation is a way of giving credit to someone when you borrow their work. In this letter and speech you will be using others’ works and research to help create your argument, and you must give them credit. Any material that you use, even if you put it into your own words, must be credited to someone. The majority of your argument should be your own ideas. Generally, no more than ten percent should be direct quotes and paraphrased material. To credit someone for research in a letter or a speech, attributive tags are used-you do not use and then read an in-text citation, but rather use a phrase like “according to Encyclopedia Britannica,…” Presentation On your assigned day, you must have turned in all of the required items, and will make a speech to the class using note cards. Semiformal attire is required. During the presentation, you should focus on making eye contact, speaking loudly and clearly, using good posture, and avoiding vocal pauses (um, uh, you know, kinda, like…). Be prepared. Page 3 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: Persuasive Writing and Speaking Prewriting: Finding a Topic (10 points) Directions: 1) First, read through the list below of current controversial topics that we collected together in class. As you read through each statement, note each with an A (agree) or D (disagree). 2) Then, look back over the possible topics and circle the three that you might want to pursue as the focus of your essay and speech for this unit. Recall from our class instruction that is important to be willing to choose a topic that you can address with respect and of which you can see more than one side—if you are unwilling to hear the other side’s views and consider them, then it would not be a wise topic for you to choose at this point in time. Human product testing should be preferred over animal testing Marijuana should be legalized Churches should not have to pay taxes The United State should allow for legal euthanasia Gay unions and marriages should be allowed Genetic engineering should be pursued, both for medical use and personal use Violent video game do no contribute to societal violence The government should eliminate college tuition School security improvements should include armed staff Performance enhancing drugs should be allowed in pro sports Gun control laws should remain the same The government should act immediately to alter the climate crisis Alternative medicine should be promoted equally to Western medicine Schools should require uniforms for students and staff The U.S. should pursue using online schooling rather than the traditional classroom setting for educating citizens Schools should use digital textbooks instead of paper books E-cigarettes should be allowed to be freely used in public Genetically Modified Foods should be labeled The NFL should penalize players for engaging in domestic violence The death penalty should be eliminated in all states. Schools should be required to monitor social networks as a part of bullying prevention programs Indiana should raise the drivers license age to 18 Indiana should repeal the Religious Freedom act Schools should not take homework grades Soldiers should receive better pay Minimum wage should be increased America should not intervene in the ISIS terror crimes Schools should be allowed to design their own food menus The Indiana “Right to Work” law should be repealed The drinking age should be lowered to 18 Page 4 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: Persuasive Writing and Speaking Unit Notes (50 points) As we conclude our sophomore year, it is important that students work to become better managers of their time and that they begin to take the initiative to seek out basic information they need for larger learning concepts. As such, the goal of these notes is both to gain a common set of terms and concepts that will be used during the final course unit AND to allow students to rehearse self-management. Students are to create handwritten notes over the terminology, concepts, and tools of writing and speaking persuasively. There is no set format for these notes as the needs of each person in how they make and how they take notes varies widely. Use a note taking scheme that makes sense for you. Points for these notes will be based not on the ways in which one chose to make the notes but rather that they are clearly organized, and thorough. If you need a suggestion for how to proceed in making notes, promptly make the request to your teacher. These notes will be referred to in class frequently prior to their actual due date. They will also be permitted for use on the unit test so long as they were submitted on time. It is strongly recommended that these notes be completed soon, before further class discussions take place. To better guide students in making these notes, refer to the topics and pages listed below that will be referenced in this unit. -Analyzing Persuasive Writing and Speaking *attention grabbing, clear thesis or claim, thorough problem analysis, counterclaim response, solution provision, call to action* (246, 251, 345-346, 347) -Call to action (251, 669) -Cliché (252) -Concise writing (330) -Argument (332, 342-343) -Connotations (330, 867) -Audience attention grabber (249, 251) -Counterarguments/ counterclaims (246, 254, 342) -Audience expectations (246, 343) -Author organization *chronological order, order of importance* (248, 254, 344) -Credibility/Reliable evidence/ Author’s credentials (332, 343, 344, 351, 428, 669, 743, 753) -Debate etiquette (352) -Author’s assertion/ Thesis statement/ Opinion/Claim (251, 254, 332, 342, 669) -Author’s evidence *facts/ statistics, examples, expert opinions, testimony, proof, specific instances, anecdotes, commonly accepted beliefs, case studies, analogies* (248, 254, 332-333, 343, 344, 351, 669) -Emotional Appeal (248, 332, 343, 669) -Ethical Appeal (248, 332, 343, 669) -Generalization (332) -Logical Appeal (248, 332, 343, 669) -Author’s intended audience (247, 254, 342-343, 349, 743) -Rebuttal (352) -Author’s purpose/ intent (246, 304, 333, 342, 669) -Refutation (352) -Author’s reasoning (254, 332, 351, 352, 669) -Relevance/ Relevant evidence (332, 344, 351) -Author’s tone (333, 669) -Representative evidence (344) -Biases (246, 343, 428) -Status Quo (350) Page 5 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: Persuasive Writing and Speaking Practice Test (10 points) Directions: 1) This task is likely going to take at least an hour to complete so make sure to budget the time to complete it satisfactorily. While the length of each person’s analysis will vary depending on the conciseness of their vocabulary and sentence construction (and size of the handwriting to some extent) it is recommended that the final product be roughly 1-2 single spaced pages of analysis/ 500+ words. 2) Begin by reviewing your unit notes. 3) Read through the articles below once without doing any analysis to familiarize yourself with the content: a) “If decency doesn’t, law should make us Samaritans” 334-335 b) “Good Samaritans USA are afraid to Act” 336 -337 Both articles address the topic of laws regarding people stopping to help others during a crisis event (such as a car accident). The author’s, however, are quite different from each other in their strategies, style, and purpose. 4) Having now read through both articles once to glean the content of both, reread each and write a comparative analysis of the two authors. Include as many concepts from the unit as you can. Below are some questions to get you started but you should not limit yourself to addressing only these questions. Be thorough—this task is rehearsal for the upcoming unit exam. Who are the authors’ intended audience is? What are the authors’ tones and how do their tones impact the overall feeling of the article? What appeals were used by each author? Did one author seem to rely more heavily on any one kind of appeal? What types of evidence was offered by each author? Was anything missing in either author’s article that an audience would likely expect or want from a speaker? Which author was more effective and why? What would you recommend to each other as a way to improve his or her argument? 5) Underline each place in the analysis you used one of the terms/concepts that you were requested to include in your notes. 6) Review what types of analysis you included in your report and compare it to the items/concepts that you were requested to include in your notes. If your comparative analysis is limited in how many of the note items/concepts were used, revisit the articles and improve your analysis report BEFORE submitting it for grading. Page 6 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: Persuasive Unit Support Articles and Family Collaboration (10 points) Directions: 1) Use the internet and library to locate information relating to your selected topic. 2) Assess the relevance, reliability, and recency of each source you find. 3) Select three articles that you feel you could use as support for your topic—be sure that you are being representative in your source choices and are finding sources that offer the different kinds of information. It does you no good to have three articles that all say the same thing. 4) Copy or print each article. If an article is multiple pages in length, staple these pages together (1 point for each article) 5) LABEL each article with the following (1 point for each requested item on this label list): -Your first and last name -Your course and class period -The name of website -The name of the page on that website -The name of the author of the article -The author’s credentials (VERY important!!) -The date the article was published -The date you found the article -The website’s address 6) Take home the articles you located. Share them with a parent, guardian, grandparent, or adult family member. Explain to your family member what topic you have chosen for your persuasive writing and speech and how each of the articles you found will help you to support your argument. Have your family sign off on the bottom of this sheet that you completed the assignment as directed. Family member’s printed name:_________________________________________________________________________________ Family member’s signature:_____________________________________________________________________________________ Page 7 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: PERSUASIVE WRITING AND SPEAKING UNIT TEST Persuasive Author Analysis (100 points) Directions: 1) This test will be completed in class and will likely take the entire class period. The notes over the unit made by the student may be used for the test but they may not be borrowed from another student and they notes must be present in class for use. After the test is concluded, notes will be collected by the teacher. The unit test will resemble the previously assigned homework task in which students read and compared two author’s article using the concepts covered in assigned readings and notes. It is in the student’s best in interest to have thorough notes and to participate fully in the comparative analysis homework so as to be well prepared for this unit test. If a student has not completed their analysis by the end of the period, they may chose to a) submit their test as is or b) report to their next class to check in and request permission from their next period’s teacher to promptly return to complete the test. If a student feels that they are likely to need more than the 90 minutes of class time allotted for the test, it is strongly recommended that they make any arrangements with other teachers or with rides home that they might need in advance of the test day. Failure to make these arrangements or to gain permission to miss class from subsequent teachers means that they test will need to be submitted as is for grading at the end of the period. 2) The length of each student’s analysis will vary depending on the conciseness of their vocabulary and sentence construction (and size of the handwriting to some extent) but in general it is recommended that the final product be roughly 1-2 single spaced pages of analysis/ 500+ words. 3) Begin this test by reviewing your notes from this unit and be sure you understand, can identify, and can explain the following terms and items in a persuasive writing: 4) Read through one time each without analysis the assigned article: “Call of the Wild: SAVE US!!” 671-674 4) Having now read through the article once to glean the content, reread and write an analysis of the author. Include as many concepts from the unit as you can. Below are some questions to get you started but you should not limit yourself to addressing only these questions. Be thorough. Who is the author’s intended audience? What is the author’s tone and how does his tone impact the overall feeling of the article? What appeals were used by the author? Did the author seem to rely more heavily on any one kind of appeal? What types of evidence was offered by the author? Was anything missing in the author’s article that an audience would likely expect or want from a speaker? How would you rate the author’s effectiveness and why? What would you recommend to the author as a way to improve his argument? 5) Underline each place in the analysis you used one of the terms/concepts that you were requested to include in your notes. 6) Review what types of analysis you included in your report and compare it to the items/concepts that you were requested to include in your notes. If your comparative analysis is limited in how many of the note items/concepts were used, revisit the articles and improve your analysis report BEFORE submitting it for grading. Page 8 of 15 NAME: DATE: HOUR: The Persuasive Letter Rubric Category-Score Range Business Letter Format Introduction, Thesis and Topic Sentences 20-15 14-11 The letter follows the assigned format without exception or with only minor oversights. The letter somewhat follows a business letter format but may not be ready to be sent as it is. Several corrections should be made before it is mailed. The introduction could better serve the needs of the reader. The letter needs many corrections to its format. The thesis could use some work to make it clearer what point is being made or more directly state the position. The thesis needs to be revised or is missing. The introduction includes appropriate topic background so that the reader is able to understand the topic. The thesis statement is clear and direct. The topic sentences lead the readers into the main points being made. Appeals and Connotative Word Use The letter uses at least two types of evidence in the form of logical, ethical, or emotional appeals. All sources used are tagged to give them credit The letter uses precise language to steer readers towards a specific feeling or belief about the topic. Effectiveness Conclusion The letter is very engaging and persuasive. The topic sentences are misplaced, need to be reworded, or do not match the information presented with the paragraph they introduce. Though some evidence I presented, the letter should be revised to make better use of the types of appeals. All sources used are tagged, though they could be attributed more effectively. The letter’s word choice could be improved to more clearly steer readers in how they should feel about the topic. The letter is somewhat persuasive, but could be better with some revision. The letter is sensitive in its approach and respectful towards diverse opinions, beliefs, circumstances, and backgrounds. The letter attempts to be sensitive towards others but may not be completely considerate. The letter ends smoothly and issues a call to action, a recommended solution, or a pledge of support. The letter has a conclusion but not one the clearly serves its purpose as the close of a persuasive letter. 10-0 The introduction needs to be revised. The topic sentences need to be rewritten or are missing. The letter lacks support. Sources are not credited. *If tags are not used, the letter will be given a zero for plagiarism. The word choice needs improvement. The letter needs to be rewritten in order to demonstrate an awareness of persuasive technique. The letter doesn’t consider others in its argument, tone, rebuttal, or word choice *If the letter exhibits disdain, it will be given a zero. The letter’s conclusion needs revision or is absent. Letter Total: ________/ 100 NOTE: IF ALL OF THE ABOVE HAVE NOT BEEN COMPLETED, THE SPEECH PRESENTATION WILL NOT BE GIVEN AND A ZERO WILL BE ASSIGNED. Page 9 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: Persuasive Speech Cards, Speech Rehearsal and Family Collaboration (10 points) Directions: 1) Using your adapted essay, create speech cards on 3x5 note cards. While a minimum of 15 is required, you are welcome and encouraged to use as many as needed to facilitate your speech. Some tips for making useful speech cards: o Skip lines and space out ideas so that you can easily locate your place if you need to get back on track without having to scan through dense, small text. o Use highlighters to mark where you might want to emphasize a word more. o Print neatly in a larger script than you would normally use. o Spell out challenging words phonetically so you don’t stumble over them. o Make notes to yourself on the card to indicate where you want to pause for emphasis, to remind yourself to slow down, speak up, or whatever skill it is that you personally are working to improve in this unit. o Use bolder or heavier writing for attributive tags so that you are sure to say them and say them clearly to avoid verbal plagiarism. o In all, these cards need not be tidy and pretty---they need to be useful to you. 2) After preparing these cards, set up a time to practice your speech in front of one or more adult family member. 3) Rehearse your speech in front of your family at least twice and ask for feedback. The more you rehearse, the more prepared you will be and the more likely that you will earn the grade you want. Collaborate with them on things that you should improve upon or changes you might need to make to your speech or speech cards. 4) Have your adult family member sign off on the bottom of this sheet that you completed the assignment as directed. Family member’s printed name:_________________________________________________________________________________ Family member’s signature:_____________________________________________________________________________________ Page 10 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: Persuasive Speech Cards (10 points) Directions: 1) After delivering your speech, reorganize your speech cards. 2) Using a blank note card or slip of paper, create a top card or cover slip that clearly labels the cards with your first and last name, and place this on the top of your organized speech cards. 3) Wrap the cards with a rubber band or fasten them with a binder clip (no staples, tape, or paper clips please) and submit them to your teacher for grading. 4) In order to earn all available points, you will need to submit a minimum of 15 speech cards and the contents of the cards should reflect an earnest effort in making cards that would clearly facilitate the delivery of a persuasive speech. The tips for creating useful speech cards are listed on the “Persuasive Speech Cards, Speech Rehearsal and Family Collaboration” assignment sheet in this packet and are additionally copied below. **Using your adapted essay, create speech cards on 3x5 note cards. While a minimum of 15 is required, you are welcome and encouraged to use as many as needed to facilitate your speech. **Some tips for making useful speech cards: o Skip lines and space out ideas so that you can easily locate your place if you need to get back on track without having to scan through dense, small text. o Use highlighters to mark where you might want to emphasize a word more. o Print neatly in a larger script than you would normally use. o Spell out challenging words phonetically so you don’t stumble over them. o Make notes to yourself on the card to indicate where you want to pause for emphasis, to remind yourself to slow down, speak up, or whatever skill it is that you personally are working to improve in this unit. o Use bolder or heavier writing for attributive tags so that you are sure to say them and say them clearly to avoid verbal plagiarism. o In all, these cards need not be tidy and pretty---they need to be useful to you. Page 11 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DELIVERY DATE: Persuasive Speech Rubric (100 points) IMPORTANT NOTE: On the day you are scheduled to present, all pre writings, research documents, works cited, and your rough draft must have been completed and turned in prior to that day (even if they are not awarded academic credit because they are late) or you do not get to present a speech or earn credit for the final product. “Winging it” is not the goal of this unit and is not the product that is to be assessed and therefore will not be assessed. Wears professional attire 0 10 Is thoroughly prepared 0 5 10 Exhibits balance, coherence & unity 0 5 10 Uses of attributive tags for ALL sources 0 5 10 Uses at least two type of appeal Logical Ethical Emotional 0 5 10 Issues an appropriate volume 0 5 Uses good posture 0 5 Makes appropriate eye contact 0 5 Uses suitable conviction 0 5 Uses an appropriate speed/ paces 0 5 Limits vocal pauses (3 or less) 0 5 Engages the audience in the introduction 0 5 Provides a rebuttal to anticipated opposition 0 5 Closes the speech cleanly & effectively 0 5 Models respect & sensitivity towards the subject matter 0 5 Speech Subtotal______/100 Optional: If a visual aide is to be used during the presentation, it must be previewed by Mrs. Pearce not less than one week before the speech. Bonus Visual Aid:_____________ Page 12 of 15 Name: Date: Course: DUE DATE: BONUS ASSIGNMENT: Persuasive Business Letter (30 points optional assignment) Directions Having written a satisfactory persuasive essay, you may elect to engage in this additional learning opportunity for extra academic credit. This assignment is NOT required. If you choose to do this assignment, you will use your persuasive writing and speech to prepare a persuasive letter to be sent to a REAL person who has influence over the topic you chose to address. Your letter must attempt to influence to person you elect to send it to in some way, either my asking them to consider your position, lend their support to your cause, or continue to work to keep the status quo. Your letter should follow correct business letter format (block style is preferred). Because your persuasive writing and speech made use of outside source information and your were required to give credit to your sources, so to should your letter use attributive tags to give that same credit. The length of your letter should be approximately should be edited for conciseness, reducing your original essay length to perhaps 500 words or fewer; attempt to make your point using only one typed page if possible (you cannot alter the business letter format in order to achieve this but rather should work to combine sentences and eliminate redundancy. After preparing the letter complete the following steps: -Print out a copy of the final letter draft and sign it in black ink -Address and stamp an envelope to the person who you addressed the letter. Use YOUR HOME return address on the letter. -Submit the signed letter and addressed envelope for grading -Mail the letter and hope for a reply (please feel free to share any response you receive). Letter Subtotal: ________/ 30 Page 13 of 15 Page 14 of 15 Continued next page….. Page 15 of 15
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