The APPLE Conference Huntington Beach, CA Presented by: Eric Patterson Daniel Regan The National Center for Drug Free Sport, Inc. Who is Drug Free Sport? Our Clients Learning Objectives Understand what a dietary supplement is. Recognize who at your institution is a strong ally in evaluating dietary supplements. Recognize a supplement that is risky. Articulate how to find foods to replace your supplements. Understand the effects of alcohol on athletic performance Message From the FDA Link to Video on FDA website: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/BuyingUsingMedicineSafely/MedicationHealthFraud/ucm243756.htm Dietary Supplements What is a Dietary Supplement? Group activity: • Divide into groups of 4-5. • Define the term “dietary supplement” • Write down your top 2 general questions about “dietary supplements” (please refrain from individual product questions) What is a Dietary Supplement? A dietary supplement is a product taken by mouth that contains a "dietary ingredient" intended to supplement the diet. The "dietary ingredients" in these products may include: vitamins, minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, and substances such as enzymes, organ tissues, glandulars, and metabolites. Source: http://www.fda.gov/Food/DietarySupplements/ConsumerInformation/ucm110417.htm#what What is a Dietary Supplement? Multi-vitamins/Vitamins • Includes prenatal not prescribed by a physician • B12, B6, D, A, E, etc… Herbs • Tribulus • Ginko Bilboa • Horney Goat weed Commonly used supplements • Creatine • Protein • Pre-workout Do you take dietary supplements? 1. 2. Yes No 69% 31% 1 2 Supplements: The statistics 2009 NCAA drug use study tells us:  Most college athletes DO NOT use drugs or supplements.  Perceptions are not reality – drug and supplement use at college level is less than what you might think it is (and less than what supplement companies want you to believe).  REC Reporting   In 2011, out of approximately 400,000 student-athletes, we received 14,535 inquiries = (3.6%) Why do you take supplements? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Can’t gain weight Can’t meet nutritional needs Want extra edge Can’t be all bad, everyone is using Only use legal supplements Other 3% 22% 36% 11% 25% 1 2 3 3% 4 5 6 What athletes tell us about supplements  Can’t gain weight without  Can’t meet nutrient needs without  Want the extra edge  Can’t be all bad; everyone is using  Only use legal supplements What is a Dietary Supplement? Prior to 1990 - tightly regulated only essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals and proteins. 1990 -1994: Included herbs or similar nutritional substances, but still required With drugs we know the side effects – video pre-market approval 1994 – Present: “These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.” How to make your own supplements: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ThdFqGLq4QU Common Issues with Supplements    Spiking: A manufacturer specifically adds a raw material to a formulation so the product has a desired effect. Adulteration: A product or raw material is contaminated with inferior material used to pass known analytical testing parameters. Cross Contamination: inadvertent contamination due to poor manufacturing conditions or poor cleaning procedures. Facts about Dietary Supplements A large majority of the ingredients in the US originate in China.  FDA has inspected less than 0.1% (fraction of the hundreds) of Chinese factories for ingredients.  Facts about Dietary Supplements     Misrepresented clinical studies (results out of context, “University tested”, inappropriately referencing research results) False, exaggerated, or purchased endorsements (How much money is the athlete making for saying he takes a product?) Media distortion and false advertising (planted stories online, Company reps posing as local gym guy online in forums, “As seen on Oprah”) Omitting relevant facts (Product marketed to men but all research done on women) What is considered banned? NCAA Banned Drug Classes:  Stimulants  Anabolic Agents  Alcohol and Beta Blockers (Rifle only)  Diuretics and other urine manipulators  Street Drugs  Peptide hormones and analogues  Anti-estrogens  Beta-2 Agonist Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: What is considered banned? What is considered banned? Common Pre-workout products METHYLHEXANAMINE, 1,3 DIMETHYLAMYLAMINE, DMAA What is considered banned? What is considered banned? Common weight loss products Hcg, synephrine, DMAA, octapamine, caffeine, DHEA Weight loss “If you want to lose weight, reduce your daily intake by 500 calories. Over the course of a week, that equals 3500 calories, which is the loss of a pound. Gradual weight loss is the way to do it.” - Shirley Blakely, RD with FDA Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: Common testosterone boosting products DHEA, Androtene, Androstenediol, Nandrolone Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: Common testosterone boosting products DHEA, Androtene, Androstenediol, Nandrolone Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: Signs that your supplement maybe harmful: Common male enhancment products DHEA, sildenafil, benzamidenafil… “Certified?” Not so fast. Still taken at your own risk No certification program can provide 100% assurance Not recognized by the NCAA How do you get your supplements? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Retail Store Other Source Web/mail order Friend or relative Coach or ATC Strength Coach Teammate or S-A Physician 59% 14% 14% 10% 7% 3% 1 2 3 0% 0% 4 5 6 7 8 Supplements: The statistics How do you get your supplements?         Retail Store Other source Website/mail order Friend or relative Coach or athletic trainer Strength coach Teammate or other athlete Physician *Source: NCAA Substance Use Survey 69.4% 13.7% 13.2% 11.2% 8.7% 8.0% 2.8% 1.6% Are you willing to take an 18.8 % chance that you will test positive? Supplements: The statistics Country No. of products No. of positives % positive for banned substance Netherlands 31 8 25.8 % Austria 22 5 22.7 % UK 37 7 18.9 % USA 240 45 18.8 % Italy 35 5 14.3 % Spain 29 4 13.8 % Germany 129 15 11.6 % Belgium 30 2 6.7 % France 30 2 6.7 % Norway 30 1 3.3 % Switzerland 13 - - Sweden 6 - - Hungary 2 - - Total 634 94 14.8 % International Olympic committee research: http://www.olympic.org/Documents/Reports/EN/en_report_324.pdf Ingredients in supplements and “sports drinks” :       Ephedrine Caffeine (if consumed in sufficiently high quantities to produce a urinary caffeine concentration of >15 µg/ml) Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) Androstenedione, androstenediol 19-norandrostenedione, 19norandrostenediol and related compounds Stanozolol Supplements: Worth your Career? Out of over 100 NCAA positive drug tests in one year, the majority blamed supplement use. Almost all lost at least one year of eligibility. Labels are misleading & salespeople lie! YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR WHAT YOU CONSUME. Supplements: Ask yourself… Do I need this? Do I know enough about this supplement? Is it safe? Can I afford it? Does this supplement interact with any drug or food I am consuming? Does it work? Alternative… Good hydration Good coaching Practice Avoid supplements No/moderate alcohol use Sleep Smart nutrition Nutrition Nutrition: Set Goals Keep a high energy level throughout workouts Repair and strengthen muscles Avoid illness, infection or any outside force that could suppress immune system during training Recover from training and prepare for practice or event Superior athletic ability comes from genetics and training. However, without good food choices and the correct timing of meals, your training and performance will suffer. Nutrition: EAT  Breakfast is a must!  Something to eat/drink every     3-4 hours Meal 3-4 hours BEFORE games Snack 1 hour BEFORE games Carbohydrate food/fluid DURING practices/games Carbohydrate food/fluid within 15 minutes AFTER practices/games Alcohol I drink alcohol… 1. 2. 3. 4. In season Out of season Both Never *Source: NCAA Substance Use Survey (reported use) http://bit.ly/AePTt2 NCAA drug-use study - 20,474 studentathletes at 1,076 NCAA institutions in 2009 surveyed. 37% 33% 30% 0% 1 2 3 4 Alcohol: What student-athletes tell us NCAA survey on alcohol asked surveyors if they drank: 1. Never 2. Only during the competitive season 3. Only during the off season 4. During Both the off season and competitive season  FACT – 54.3% of the respondents indicated drinking during both their competitive and off seasons.  13.2% said never, 0.6% said in-season, 31.9 said off-season *Source: NCAA Substance Use Survey (reported use) http://bit.ly/AePTt2 NCAA drug-use study - 20,474 student-athletes at 1,076 NCAA institutions in 2009 surveyed. Alcohol: The numbers O V E R A L L P E R C E N TA G E O F U S E WITHIN THE LAST 12 MONTHS BY DIVISION Division I Alcohol Division II Division III Overall 2005 2009 2005 2009 2005 2009 2005 2009 74.3% 81.7% 74.9% 81.5% 81.6% 85.3% 77.5% 83.1% *Source: NCAA Substance Use Survey (reported use) Alcohol: Think Before You Drink UCLA student-athletes did a great job of acting out and then explaining, Reasons to Think before You Drink 1. 2. 3. 4. Peer Pressure Drinking and the Law Sexual Assualt Alcohol Poisoning Video can be found here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q DzEqxABgpY Alcohol: Consequences on and off the field  Depresses CNS resulting in:  Loss of coordination  Slowed reaction time  Impaired judgment  Loss of balance  Impaired vision and speech Alcohol: Consequences (today, tomorrow, and the next day…)    Dehydration Decreased testosterone levels Level of Training Mental sharpness decreases for up to 3 days after binge drinking  Physical effects such as endurance, work rate, strength, etc. can be effected for 5 days  Alcohol: Consequences (and a few more days…)     Motivation Weight gain Suppressed immune system Long term health effects on liver, heart, stomach, etc. Alcohol: Consequences 73.2 % of college athletes who drink believe that their alcohol use has no effect on their athletic performance. Alcohol calories are “empty” calories Each drink contains 100-150 calories Alcohol is converted into fatty acids, not carbohydrates Alcohol: Consequences Experienced after alcohol/drug use Never 1-2 3-5 6+ Hangover 33.6% 25.7% 16.1% 24.6% Missed Class 66% 17.8% 9% 7.3% Poor Test or Project Performance 76.1% 15.6% 5.4% 2.8% Poor Athletic Performance 79.3% 14% 4.4% 2.2% Driven Under the Influence 76.9% 13% 4.8% 5.3% Memory Loss 70% 17.3% 6.8% Done Something Later Regretted 62.4% 23.6% 10.4% 3.8% 6% Alcohol: So what you are telling me is?  You spend anywhere between $50-200 a month to IMPROVE your performance, but then you consume alcohol?  Something doesn’t make sense here… Don’t let your alcohol consumption hurt you and your team. Who should you ask for help? Athletic trainer Sports nutritionist Physician Resource Exchange Center (REC) Who you should NOT ask for help! Nutrition store clerks Friends Trainers at local gym Agents In the END… Student-athletes with poor eating habits will not achieve a higher level of performance using dietary/nutritional supplements. YOU ARE 100% RESPONSIBLE FOR WHAT YOU CONSUME… Which would you choose? Option 1 Tryptophan Threonine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Cystine Phenyalanine Tyrosine Valine Arginine Histidine Alanine 390 mg 1412 mg 1765 mg 2509 mg 2836 mg 925 mg 428 mg 1328 mg 1128 mg 1659 mg 2015 mg 1037 mg 1823 mg Option 2 Tryptophan Threonine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Cystine Phenyalanine Tyrosine Valine Arginine Histidine Alanine 42 mg 147 mg 633 mg 5127 mg 182 mg 38 mg 45 mg 59 mg 56 mg 616 mg 28 mg 31 mg 102 mg Which would you choose? Option 1 Option 2 Questions? www.DrugFreeSport.com/REC Password: ncaa1,ncaa2, ncaa3 Hotline: (877) 202-0769