1. No category

Florfenicol resistance:
Mannheimia haemolytica
Mannheimia haemolytica is the causative agent of several economically significant veterinary diseases
occurring in ruminants. It accounts for approximately 30% of the total cattle deaths worldwide.
Mannheimia (Pasteurella) species are common commensals on mucous membranes of most domestic animals
worldwide but the organism seems to be enigmatic, changing its niche from commensal to a pathogenic bacterium
under conditions of stress. M. haemolytica is associated with diseases in cattle causing pneumonic pasteurellosis,
haemorrhagic septicaemia and abortion1.
Early recognition by trained personnel skilled at detecting the early symptoms of disease and treatment with antibiotics
are essential for successful therapy. Antibiotics effective against the 3 gram-negative bacteria most often involved in
Bovine Respiratory Diseases should be selected1.
Florfenicol
is one of the antibiotics which has a lower resistance level
wordwide, especially when compared with the most popular
antibiotics such as tetracycline or penicillin.
Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance of
Mannhelmia haemolytica in Spain
(DIAGNOS Service HIPRA S.A., Spain).
Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance
of Mannheimia haemolytica in different
European countries2.
2002
Ceftiofur
2009
Ceftiofur
2010
Florfenicol
England
2003
France
2004
2011
NL
2002
Doxycycline
Florfenicol
2003
2004
Enrofloxacin
2002
Tetracycline
Fluoroquinolones
2003
2004
Amoxicillin
2002
Ampicillin
Erythromycin
2003
2004
TMP-sulfa
2002
TMP-sulfa
2003
Gentamycin
2004
2002
Spiramycin
Tetracycline
Neomicin
2003
2004
0
20
40
60
80
(%)
100
(%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Conclusions
Occurrence of antimicrobial
resistance of Mannheimia
haemolytica in Turkey3.
Florfenicol:
One of the most powerful antibiotics
exclusively for veterinary use.
Florfenicol
Broad spectrum antibiotic with bactericidal
effect against the most common pathogens.
Enrofloxacin
TMP-sulfa
Highly effective and valuable alternative
to traditional antibiotics.
Ampicillin
Erythromycin
(%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
Occurrence of antimicrobial
resistance of Mannheimia
haemolytica in Iran4.
One of the lowest levels of resistance
wordwide.
Occurrence of antimicrobial
resistance of Mannheimia
haemolytica in Netherlands5.
Occurrence of antimicrobial
resistance of Mannheimia
haemolytica in Korea6.
Florfenicol
Ceftiofur
Florfenicol
Amoxicillin
Florfenicol
Ceftiofur
Cephalothin
Chloramphenicol
Tilmicosin
Chloramphenicol
TMP-sulfa
96-97
1998
1999
2000
01-03
04-05
06-07
2008
Enrofloxacin
Enrofloxacin
Penicillin
TMP-sulfa
TMP-sulfa
Enrofloxacin
Spectinomycin
Oxytetracycline
Ampicillin
Ampicillin
Lincimycin
Tylosin
Gentamicin
(%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
(%)
0
20
40
60
80
Neomycin
100
Gentamicin
Bibliography
1. Adamu j.y: Mannheimia haemolytica: phylogeny and genetic analysis of its major virulence factors. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and
Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, P.M.B. 1069, Borno State, Nigeria. 2. Hendriksen RS, Mevius DJ, Schroeter A et
al: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance amoung bacterial isoled from cattle in different European countries from year 2002-2004. Acta Veterianria
Scandinavica 50:19, 2008. 3. Önat K, Kahya K, Çarli T; Frequency and antibiotic susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica
isolates from nasal cavities of cattle. Turk. J. Vet. Anim. Sci., 34(1):91-94, 2010. 4. Mohammadi GR, Ghazvini k, Abba Panah H: Antimicrobial
susceptibility testing of Mannheimia Haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolated from calves with dairy calf pneumonia. Archives of Razi institute
Vol.61, No2, 91-96, 2006. 5. MARAN report Central Veterinary instirude Wageninger UR 2008. 6. Shin JS, Kang GS, Nabin R, et al: Evaluation of the
antimicrobial activity of florfenicol against bacteria isolated from bovine and porcine respiratory disease, Vet. Microbiol. 106: 73-77, 2005.
Flumequine
Tetracycline
(%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
The low rate of resistance development, the low prevalence of transferable
resistance determinants among bovine respiratory pathogens, and the limited
use of phenicols in human and veterinary medicine explain the continued
high degree of florfenicol susceptibility among bovine respiratory isolates.
SELECTAN
®
Florfenicol
SELECTAN® Florfenicol, in injectable solution. COMPOSITION PER ML: Florfenicol 300 mg. INDICATIONS: Diseases caused by florfenicol susceptible
bacteria: -Swine: Treatment of acute outbreaks of respiratory disease caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida.
-Cattle: Treatment of respiratory infections due to Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Histophilus somni. ADMINISTRATION
ROUTE: Intramuscular. DOSAGE: -Swine: 1 ml/20 kg b.w., equivalent to 15 mg of florfenicol/kg b.w, into neck muscles, administered twice at 48
hours intervals. The volume administered per injection site should not exceed 3 ml. -Cattle: 1 ml/15 kg b.w., equivalent to 20 mg of florfenicol/kg
b.w., administered twice at 48 hours intervals.The volume administered per injection site should not exceed 10 ml. WITHDRAWAL PERIOD: Meat:
-Swine: 18 days. -Cattle: 30 days. Special precautions for storage: Not require any special storage conditions. PACKAGING: 50, 100 and 250 ml
plastic bottles. Marketing authorisation holder: Laboratorios Hipra, S.A., Amer (Girona), SPAIN.