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Unit 1A - Medicine and Public Health in Britain 50AD to the present day
Exam - 0900 1/6/15 (75 Minutes )
What content must I know?
Ideas about the cause and treatment of disease and
illness
Revise
Test
Natural Ideas
Why did people follow the ideas
of Hippocrates and Galen
C50AD
– 1350
What was the the theory of the
Four Humours and Opposites
Supernatural Ideas
Why did people follow these?
Including – Asclepion, Demons,
Miasma, The Zodiac, God/Devil
Revise
Traditional/Herbal
Remedies…
Who used them?
What were they?
Did they work?
Why did Roman public health
ideas not continue when the
Romans left?
What was the impact of the
Romans leaving Britain?
Revise
Test
Explain the importance of…
Pasteur (on microbes)
Koch (on microbes)
Research teams
Revise
Test
Slightly better public
health…
Water supplies and the
disposal of waste from c1350
The New River
Cess pits
Monastery water systems
New technology…
Why was the printing press
so important?
The Black Death 1348…
What did they believe caused
it?
What action did they take?
The Church…
Why did it become less
influential?
Explain the importance
of…
Jenner
Pasteur (on vaccines)
Koch (on vaccines)
Compulsory Vaccinations
Revise
Test
Revise
More government
involvement and improved
Public Health…
Increased use of vaccinations
Magic Bullets – Slavarsan 606
and Prontosil
Welfare reforms including NHI
Midwifes Act, Health checks at
school, pensions.
Barriers
What factors held back the discoveries?
Test
Test
New Technology…
The Microscope
Revise
Test
Revise
Test
Social Change…
The Industrial Revolution
and its impact on health. The
growth of towns and
pressures on public health
The Great Stink
Improved public health
through technology…
London Sewers
Bazalgette
Revise
Factors leading new
discoveries…
Crick and Watson’s discovery of
the DNA structure.
High-tech medicine and
treatment such as organ
transplants and keyhole surgery
Revise
The Royal Society…
What was it and why was it
different?
Public Health Acts (1848 &
1875)…
What did they do?
What impact did they have?
What factors led to them –
Ie Cholera, New Voters,
Scientific Underastanding, The
weakening of Laissez Faire,
The development of antibiotics
and the work of Fleming, Florey
and Chain;
Test
The influence of the
Church on…
Medicine
Hospitals
Training of doctors.
Explain the importance
of…
Edwin Chadwick
John Snow in improving public
health.
Better Medical Training…
Nurses
Doctors
1900 –
Present
Day
Revise
Dealing with the Great
Plague 1665…
What methods were the same
as the Black Death?
What methods were different?
New Knowledge (The
Renaissance)
Vesalius
William Harvey
Training of doctors
1750 –
1900
Test
What did the Romans do
for Us?
What impact did the Romans
have on medicine?
Test
The influence of the Church
on…
Medicine
Hospitals
Training of doctors.
The Germ Theory…
What factors led to it?
Why was it so important?
Revise
The influence of changes in society on medicine
and public health
Changing public health
provision
What was good about Roman
sanitation and water supply?
How bad was public health in
Medieval Towns?
Why did people still follow
Galen’s ideas?
1350 –
1750
Approaches to public health and prevention of
disease and illness
Test
New Technology…
To help diagnosis and
treatment
x-rays
radiotherapy
scans
dialysis
The establishment of the
National Health
Service and the role of
Aneurin Bevan;
Government education
campaigns for public health
such as healthy eating or antismoking
For every topic consider the following four things…
Opposition
Help
Why did people oppose the discovery?
What factors helped the discovery?
Impact
Why was it so important?
SHP Development Study Option 1A: Medicine and Public Health in Britain c50AD – present day
What do you need to know?
Time periods
Roman Britain
AD50 – AD500
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Anglo Saxon
England 500-1066
Early Middle Ages
1066 - 1350
Key questions / topics
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Later Middle Ages
1350 – 1500
Renaissance
England 1500 1750
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Industrial
Revolution
1750 - 1900
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Modern Britain
1900 – 2000+
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What was life like in Roman Britain, Anglo-Saxon England and the Early Middle
Ages?
How hygienic were towns? What influenced the changing approaches to public
health and hygiene?
Hippocrates and Galen – who were they and what were their theories about the
cause of disease?
What else did people & healers believe caused illnesses and disease?
Who could people go to for treatment? (plague case study)
How important was religion in medicine and why?
Case study: theories of the causes of plague (1348) and treatments.
Why was there so little progress in medicine and public health during this period?
Why did Galen’s ideas continue to be important through the Middle Ages and the
Renaissance?
How important were the new ideas of the Renaissance? What did Vesalius and
Harvey discover and how great was the impact of these discoveries?
Who could you go to for treatment in this period? – Physicians? Wise women?
Other healers?
How and why did hospitals develop?
How great was the impact of new technology on medicine and public health?
How successful the key changes in public health in the growing towns and cities of
Renaissance England?
What was the role of the government in this?
Case study: theories of the causes of plague (1666) and treatments.
What was the Industrial Revolution?
What can cholera outbreaks tell us about the problems of public health in industrial
cities?
Who contributed more to improving public health in the 19th century – John Snow
or Edwin Chadwick?
Was the Germ Theory a turning point?
How much progress was there in developing effective medicines and treatments?
(vaccines)
How great was Florence Nightingale’s influence on hospital care and medical
training?
How far and why did government attitudes towards public health change in this
period?
Key individuals: Jenner, Chadwick and Snow, Pasteur and Koch, Bazalgette.
How should we define the 20th century?
What were ‘magic bullets’ and antibiotics and why were they key turning points in
the treatment of disease?
Key turning points in the understanding of disease – the discovery of DNA;
How and why did government provision of healthcare widen over the 20th century?
How great were the changes in hospitals and the training of doctors?
How important has technology been in understanding disease and treating it?
Key individuals: Fleming, Florey and Chain; Watson and Crick; Bevan and Beveridge.