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Oregon Labor Trends
May 2015
Oregon’s Agriculture Sector
Pat O’Connor, Regional Economist,
[email protected],
(541) 812-8639
Agriculture is the longest-standing industry to exist in Oregon. In fact, long
before America’s westward expansion
in the 19th century and even before
Lewis and Clark’s famous expedition
that led them to the Oregon territory,
Native Americans in the area already
had an agriculture industry at work that
included hunting, trapping, harvesting,
and preserving food. On Lewis and
Clark’s expedition, they documented
the plants growing in the region and
also wrote about the agricultural
practices of the Native Americans in
the area.
Graph 1
300
250
United States
Local Highlights: City Spotlight –
Payroll Employment in Ashland .........3
Summer Hiring Heats up for Teens
in Services and Agriculture ................3
Oregon’s Unemployment Rate Falls to
5.4 Percent, Inching Below the
National Rate .......................................5
The Real Estate Industry:
Oregon’s Uneven Recovery ................6
Oregon Business Employment
Dynamics Report: Second
Quarter 2014 ........................................7
Many More Job Vacancies Around
the State in 2014 ..................................8
Oregon
200
150
100
50
0
In This Issue
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting GDP
(Current Dollars)
Index (1997=100)
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
The way the industry appeared in the
early 1800s would have been almost
unrecognizable compared with what
the industry has evolved to more than
200 years later in what is now the
state of Oregon.
As Oregon grew as a territory, later
becoming the 33rd state to join the
Union, agriculture was a vital part of
the economy.
Recent Employment
In 2013, the agriculture, forestry,
fishing, and hunting sector employed
more than 49,000 in Oregon, an alltime high. The sector showed rapid job
growth in 2012 and 2013, adding nearly 4,500 jobs during those two years
and growing 10 percent. Oregon’s
agriculture sector typically shows slow
and steady growth, but this recent
growth followed steep employment
losses during the Great Recession.
Oregon’s agriculture sector, in particular nurseries and grass seed farmers,
was hard hit by the national slowdown
in housing. In 2009 alone, the sector
declined 8 percent, shedding nearly
4,000 jobs.
Oregon Outpaced by Nation
Oregon’s agriculture sector has grown
slower than the industry nationally, in
terms of its output, as measured by its
contribution to Oregon’s gross domestic product (GDP). Graph 1 illustrates
that in particular during the recent
recession the nation significantly
outpaced Oregon’s agriculture sector. Prior to 2006, Oregon was trending fairly close to the nation. In 2013,
Oregon’s output within agriculture was
66 percent higher than it was in 1997.
Nationally, the industry’s output was
147 percent above its 1997 level.
An Older and Younger MaleDominated Workforce
In 2013, 41 percent of Oregon’s
private-sector workforce was age 45
or older. Oregon’s workforce within
agriculture is older; 47 percent of its
Quality Information. Informed Choices. www.QualityInfo.org
Oregon Labor Trends
fairly low paying occupation explains
a big piece of the low average wage
within the industry.
Graph 2
Employment by Age: 2013 Annual Average
Although there are many different occupations within agriculture, forestry,
fishing and hunting, the majority of
employment is concentrated within a
small number of occupations. In fact,
these 11 occupations comprise threefourths (76%) of the industry’s total
employment.
25%
All industries
Percent of Employment
20%
Agiculture, Forestry,
Fishing and Hunting
15%
Outlook
10%
5%
0%
14-18
19-21
22-24
25-34
Source: LED, Quarterly Workforce Indicators
workforce was age 45 or older. On the
other end of the age spectrum, agriculture also employs a larger share of
young workers who are entering the
workforce. Four percent of Oregon’s
agriculture workers are age 14 to 18;
that compares with 2 percent for Oregon’s private sector as a whole.
With older workers and very young
workers comprising a larger share of
agriculture’s workforce, middle age
workers are underrepresented in the
industry. Workers in the 25 to 34 and
35 to 44 age groups are the most
underrepresented.
Two-thirds of
the workers in
Oregon’s agriculture industry
are men. Across
all industries
in Oregon’s
private sector,
men comprised
53 percent of
the workforce.
Occupations
and Wages in
Agriculture
In 2013, the
average annual
wage within
agriculture was
2
May 2015
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-99
Age Groups
$29,104. Oregon’s average annual
wage across all industries was $45,009
in 2013. Agriculture employment is
heavily concentrated in one low-wage
occupation. Farmworkers and laborers
for crops and nurseries is by far the
largest occupation within the industry,
representing 40 percent of the industry’s employment. Table 1 shows the
11 largest occupations within Oregon’s
agriculture industry, along with the
average wage for those occupations
(across all industries). The average
annual wage for farmworkers is slightly
less than $21,000 per year. Having 40
percent of the industry’s workforce in a
Oregon’s agriculture, forestry, fishing,
and hunting sector is projected to grow
significantly from 2012 to 2022. The
2012 to 2022 industry projections from
the Oregon Employment Department
project the industry will add 8,200 jobs
over that period, growing 18 percent and outpacing Oregon’s overall
economy, which is expected to grow
15 percent over that time. However,
one thing to keep in mind is that 2012
is an unusual starting point, due to
the steep losses the industry experienced during the Great Recession. In
2013 alone, the industry added more
than 2,500 jobs; it is well on its way to
reaching the projected 2022 employment level.
The agriculture sector acted as a vital
part of Oregon’s economy long before
Oregon’s statehood was granted in
1859. That doesn’t appear to be a
trend that will be changing any time
soon.
Table 1
Oregon’s Largest Agricultural Occupations
2012
Employment
Title
Farmworkers and Laborers for Crops, Nurseries, and Greenhouses
18,735
Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals
2,612
Agricultural Equipment Operators
2,496
Forest and Conservation Workers
2,232
Logging Equipment Operators
1,686
Agricultural Workers, All Other
1,607
Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers
1,352
Supervisors and Managers of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers
1,345
Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products
1,221
Logging Workers, All Other
1,036
Fishers and Related Fishing Workers
923
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2014
Occupational
Average
Wage
$20,885
$25,567
$33,581
$31,997
$42,269
$27,430
$73,813
$52,708
$21,495
$35,133
NA
Oregon Labor Trends
May 2015
LOCAL HIGHLIGHTS:
City Spotlight – Payroll Employment in Ashland
Guy Tauer, Regional Economist, [email protected], (541) 816-8396
Need more localized data than just by
county or state? We can provide customized information at your request.
In addition to county-level industry
information, the Oregon Employment Department has more detailed
geographic data down to the city level
available. We don’t have this readily
available on our website, due to additional review being needed to prevent
the disclosure of confidential information, but we can do custom analyses
based on city limits, city vicinity, or by
place name for unincorporated areas,
like White City.
The Ashland vicinity had 1,246 establishments with 10,073 jobs in 2013.
Average wage per job in Ashland was
$33,147 and was about 90 percent of
the Jackson County average wage of
$36,881. One factor in this slightly lower average wage figure is Ashland’s
high percentage of jobs in leisure and
hospitality. This industry accounts for
27 percent of Ashland’s payroll employment, compared with only about
12 percent for Jackson County. These
jobs are often seasonal and part-time,
leading to lower average wages. However, not all leisure and hospitality jobs
in Ashland are in restaurants, hotels,
or bars. The arts, entertainment, and
recreation component had more than
740 jobs on an annual average basis
in 2013, with wages at 126 percent of
the statewide average, or $30,657.
2013 Ashland Payroll Employment
Sum of nonpublished industries
0.4%
Agriculture, Forestry,
Fishing and Hunting
1.8%
Manufacturing
5.4%
Local Government
7.2%
Wholesale Trade
1.7%
State Government
8.0%
Retail Trade
14.1%
Federal Government
0.7%
Transportation and
Warehousing
0.7%
Information
1.6%
Other Services
4.3%
Leisure and
hospitality
27.4%
Contrasting Ashland’s industry employment mix with Jackson County
reveals some additional insight. Ashland had about one-half of the employment concentration as did the county
in construction, wholesale trade, and
transportation and warehousing in
2013. Ashland also had slightly less
employment in health care and social
assistance, and business and professional services. Some of Ashland’s
higher paying industries include
professional, scientific, and technical services ($48,655); wholesale
trade ($65,281); transportation and
Construction
2.1%
Finance and
Insurance
1.7%
Business and
professional
services
7.7%
Private educational
and health services
15.1%
warehousing ($54,266); and information ($53,530). Ashland is also home
to nearly 550 manufacturing jobs,
with average annual pay exceeding
$40,500. Food and beverage products
account for about one-quarter of the
city’s total manufacturing employment. Ashland also has employment in
textiles, printing, chemicals, fabricated
metal products, apparel, machinery,
furniture, and transportation equipment. Ashland is so much more than
the Oregon Shakespeare Festival and
Southern Oregon University, although
these two institutions are no doubt
economic engines for the city.
Summer Hiring Heats up for Teens in
Services and Agriculture
Nick Beleiciks,
State Employment Economist,
[email protected],
(503) 947-1267
With the summer break approaching, students, likely with the en-
couragement of their parents, may
be thinking about finding a summer
job. Though young job seekers face
some challenges looking for work,
there are still opportunities for youth
to earn money and gain experience
over the summer.
Fewer Teens Hired During
Summer
Teenage workers did not escape
the effects of the recession. The last
several years have been just as tough
– or tougher – for teenage job seekers
as for everyone. The unemployment
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3
Oregon Labor Trends
July, August, or September of 2013.
That was 2,100 more teens who found
work than the previous summer.
Graph 1
Teen Hiring Halved in Recession, Accelerating a Downward Trend
Oregon, Third Quarter New Hires Ages 14-18
Arts and Entertainment and
Food Service Hire the Most
Teens
70,000
60,000
Teenagers can find summer work in
all the major industry sectors. Some
industry sectors do have a higher
concentration of newly hired teenagers
though. While 8 percent of all summer new hires in Oregon were teens
in 2013, they made up 16 percent
of hires in arts, entertainment, and
recreation, 14 percent in accommodation and food services, and 12 percent
of new hires in retail trade. Agriculture
and related industries, the public sector, and the other services industry
also hired more teens than average
during the summer.
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
1992
1995
1998
2001
2004
2007
2010
2013
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Local Employment Dynamics
rate for Oregonians ages 16 to 19 was
16.4 percent in 2007. The teen unemployment rate nearly doubled during
the recession and was 27.4 percent in
2013 and 28.0 percent in 2014. That’s
more than three times the rate for the
overall labor force.
The number of workers age 14 to 18
who were able to find new jobs during the summers between 2009 and
2013 was nearly one-half of what it
was before the recession, accelerating a long-term downward trend in
teens landing summer jobs. Teenagers
made up 1.7 percent of Oregon’s summer workforce in 2013, down from 3.0
percent one decade prior and a high of
4.4 percent in 1995. The Employment
Department’s report Endangered:
Youth in the Labor Force notes that
the share of Oregon teens looking for
work reached a historic low in 2013.
To a large extent, teen hiring is driven
by economic conditions, but there
is also a broader general downward
trend in teen hiring and teens working
during the summer. Some employers
may select more experienced workers
when they are available, as after the
recent recession. At the same time,
some teens have also chosen to sit
out of the labor market, and instead focus on extracurricular activities, higher
education, or other pursuits.
4
May 2015
Opportunities Do Exist!
Although the odds of finding a job
seem stacked against the teens that
are looking for summer jobs, many are
able to find summer work. Summer
is always the busiest time of year for
teen hiring. Although hiring in this age
group during the summers of 2009 to
2012 was down 45 percent from summer 2007, it ticked up in 2013 (Graph
1). Oregon employers hired roughly
25,700 new workers ages 14 to 18 in
The detailed list of industries with the
most teenage new hires is topped by
food services and drinking places.
About 23 percent of newly hired teens
worked in food services, which had
nearly 6,000 new hires in the third
quarter of 2013 (Graph 2). Crop production accounted for 9 percent of all
new hires ages 14 to 18, and administrative and support services made up
7 percent of summer new teen hires.
Graph 2
Food Service, Agriculture, and Administrative Support
Lead Summer Teen Hiring
New Hires Ages 14-18, Third Quarter 2013
Food Services and Drinking Places
Crop Production
Administrative and Support Services
Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry
Amusement, Gambling, and Recreation Industries
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Local Employment Dynamics
Quality Information. Informed Choices. www.QualityInfo.org
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Oregon Labor Trends
Job Listings for Teens
The Employment Department’s
iMatchSkills web-based job matching system uses skills to connect job
seekers with employers. As of April
2015, employers posted 97 listings
that specifically allow for workers
under 18 years of age. There are likely
additional opportunities, especially in
the summer months, because most
job postings don’t list any age requirement. The job listings in the table were
posted very early for the summer hiring season, and the number of job opportunities will likely increase through
May and into June.
It’s not surprising that the top occupations seen in job listings reflect the
industries that tend to hire more teens.
Dishwashers, cashiers, and food prep
workers are all concentrated in food
services establishments. Retail and
recreation workers, and customer support representatives (many of which
are found in administrative and support
services) can also be found among the
top occupations with listings.
May 2015
Table 1
Oregon Job Listings Available for Workers Under 18 Years Old
as of April 7, 2015
Stock Clerks and Order Fillers
Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners
Dishwashers
Cashiers
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers, Including Fast Food
Retail Salespersons
Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service
Recreation Workers
Customer Service Representatives
9
9
6
6
5
4
3
3
3
Source: Oregon Employment Department, iMatchSkills
Lane County had the most listings
across the state, and Multnomah and
Clackamas counties were among the
top five. Coastal counties, such as
Clatsop, Tillamook, and Lincoln, also
had a higher number of listings than
most other counties in the state.
Information about Oregon workers by
age group is from Local Employment
Dynamics (LED) data provided by the
U.S. Census Bureau. To explore and
use the data available from LED, visit
http://lehd.ces.census.gov/.
Oregon’s Unemployment Rate Falls to 5.4 Percent,
Inching Below the National Rate
David Cooke, Economist,
[email protected],
(503) 947-1272
In March, Oregon’s unemployment
rate fell below the U.S. rate for the
first time since 1996, dropping to 5.4
percent, from 5.8 percent in February.
The U.S. unemployment rate was 5.5
percent in March. While the difference
between the Oregon and the U.S.
March unemployment rates was not
statistically significant, the fact that
Oregon’s rate is below the nation’s
shows how much the state’s economy
has improved over the last year.
Reflecting an improving economy,
Oregon’s unemployment rate dropped
substantially over the past 12 months;
in March 2014, Oregon’s rate was 7.1
percent.
This winter, two factors benefitted
Oregon’s economy relative to many
states. First, Oregon’s weather was
unusually mild during much of the
first three months of the year, while
many economies in the northeastern
U.S. were hit hard by severe winter
weather. In the short term, the weather
boosted Oregon’s employment in
weather-dependent industries above
normal levels. And second, the plunge
in oil prices since mid-2014 led to
lower gasoline and other fuel prices
which benefited Oregon consumers
and likely led to greater demand for
certain goods and services. Conversely, the drop in oil prices hurt other
states where a drop in oil drilling activity led to job cuts.
A primary reason for Oregon’s declining unemployment rate is rapid job
growth. Employment growth accelerated over the past two years, reflecting
a strengthening economy and contributing to a tightening labor market.
Total nonfarm payrolls grew by 56,100
jobs, or 3.3 percent, in the 12 months
ending in March. Since March 2014,
two major industries each added over
10,000 jobs: professional and business services (+11,500 jobs or +5.3%)
and health care and social assistance
(+10,300 jobs or +4.9%). Job gains
were also above 3 percent in the following major industries: manufacturing; transportation, warehousing and
utilities; and leisure and hospitality.
In March, payrolls grew by 4,300 jobs,
about the average growth rate of the
prior 12 months. Most major industries
performed close to seasonal expectations, but health care and social
assistance (+1,700 jobs) vigorously
expanded.
Note: all numbers above are seasonally
adjusted.
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5
Oregon Labor Trends
May 2015
The Real Estate Industry: Oregon’s Uneven Recovery
Christian Kaylor, Workforce Analyst,
[email protected],
(503) 545-1709
Real estate broadly touches on several major Oregon industries: from the
manufacturers who create building
materials, to the construction industry
that builds residential and commercial
projects, to the banking industry that
finances it all. At the heart of all of
this, is the actual real estate industry.
These are the businesses that build,
buy, manage, maintain, and sell residential and commercial buildings.
The real estate industry feeds the larger
Oregon economy in at least two important ways. First, it’s a leading indicator
of broader economic momentum. When
real estate developers feel confident
in the local economy they back up that
confidence with financial investment
and the development of new construction projects. That investment stimulates the local economy by creating
construction jobs in the short term and
creating a larger property tax base for
the community for the long term.
Residential Building Permits
Oregon 1995 to 2014
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
earn. While real estate brokers in
Oregon earn a median average wage
of $63,000 and property managers
earn $69,000 at the high end, they
are vastly outnumbered in the industry
by lower-wage workers. The 24,000
janitors and cleaners in Oregon earn
an average of $27,000 while the
10,000 landscaping and groundskeeping workers earned $29,000, keeping
overall wages in the industry low.
Second, it takes a few different ingredients to create new jobs. One of them
is housing. Businesses will only find
the talent they need in Oregon if their
potential employees have affordable,
desirable housing
Employment
available to live.
Concentrated in
Similarly, busiPortland
nesses need comultnomah County alone
mercial, retail, and
The real estate
has one-third of Oregon’s real
industrial property
industry exists
estate industry employment.
to produce goods
throughout the
and services. The
state. However, it
real estate indusis disproportiontry makes both of
ately larger in the
these happen.
Portland area, where more than half
of industry workers are employed.
Multnomah County alone has oneEmployment and Earnings
third of Oregon’s real estate industry
The Oregon real estate industry
employment, suggesting that the city of
employed about 20,000 workers
Portland itself is the center of this proearning almost $700 million in 2014.
fessional service industry in the state.
That works out to an average wage
of about $35,000 a year, noticeably
Wages differ around the state as well.
less than the $45,000 average wage
Workers in Multnomah and Washingthat Oregonians earned in 2013. The
ton counties earn a little over $40,000
relatively low wages in the industry
a year, while workers in most other Orare a reflection of the wide range of
egon counties earn less than $30,000.
salaries that workers in this industry
This implies that the higher-wage
M
6
2005
2007
2009
2011
2013
workers, such as the brokers and
realtors, are more likely to work in the
Portland area where they are pulling
up the average wage.
Industry Up and Downs
Real estate industry employment
declined noticeably in the recent
recession, losing about 20 percent of
jobs from 2006 to 2011. The industry
has since regained almost all of the
jobs lost.
While painful, the job losses in real
estate are comparatively minor compared with the construction industry, which was seriously hurt in the
recession. Construction employment
in Oregon peaked in 2007 at 104,000
jobs. Three years later, by 2010, the
industry had lost almost 37,000 jobs,
more than one-third of its employment.
Even today, construction industry
employment remains well below prerecession levels.
Residential Building Permits
Signal Drama
Residential building permits are the
official documents cities and counties require for anyone building a new
home. Tracking these permits over
time tells us where the momentum is
in the real estate market.
Quality Information. Informed Choices. www.QualityInfo.org
As the housing market collapsed in
2008, so too did new home building. During the height of the housing
bubble in 2005, more than 30,000
permits were filed with local governments in Oregon. By the low point of
2010, permits had declined a dramatic
75 percent. Over the next few years,
increasing economic confidence would
drive the number of permits to double
to 15,000 by 2013.
The recent home building momentum
in Oregon is welcome, but in the larger
view there are serious reasons for
concern. First, the amount of home
construction is still quite low historically,
with 2014 permits at 16,500. That’s well
below the 25,000 permits Oregon averaged during the last half of the 1990s.
Second, while permit numbers surged
in 2012 and 2013, residential construction growth appears to have slowed its
momentum noticeably in 2014.
May 2015
Oregon Business Employment
Dynamics Report: Second Quarter
2014
Beth Dyer, Research Analyst, [email protected], (503) 947-1254
Statewide net employment growth slowed between the first and second quarters
of 2014 to a level similar to that seen in the fourth quarter of 2013. This information comes from the Oregon Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data
published jointly by the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW)
section of the Oregon Employment Department and the U.S. Department of
Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The net employment increase totaled 7,400 jobs during the second quarter of
2014, down from 12,400 in job growth during the first quarter of 2014. This was
due to a decrease in gross job gains of 623 jobs and an increase in gross job
losses of 4,371 jobs.
During the second quarter of 2014, all but three industry sectors – information,
educational and health services, and wholesale trade – registered net job gains.
Oregon Business Employment Dynamics
Private Sector Job Flows, Seasonally Adjusted
Oregon Real Estate,
the Uncertain Future
Five years after the worst of the recession and almost 10 years after the
height of the real estate bubble, the
overall real estate situation in Oregon
remains unclear. As the Portland area
enjoys a solid economic recovery, new
residential construction is being driven
primarily by apartment and condo
construction, particularly in the urban
core. Meanwhile single family home
construction, historically the majority of
residential construction in the Portland
region, remains at levels associated
with a recession.
Looking around the state, most
regions outside the Portland area continue to struggle with real estate. In the
Bend area, 1,326 residential building
permits were filed in 2014. While that’s
a strong increase from the 377 permits
in the bottom of the recession in 2010,
current construction building is a fraction of the 3,842 permits filed in 2004.
Similarly the Medford region saw 747
permits in 2014, less than half the
activity from 10 years prior. With the
uneven residential construction recovery around Oregon, it’s possible that
the real estate industry may not fully
recover from the recession for a few
more years.
Gross Job Gain/Loss
First Quarter 2001 - Second Quarter 2014
135,000
60,000
125,000
40,000
115,000
20,000
105,000
0
95,000
-20,000
85,000
-40,000
75,000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Net Change
Gains
Losses
Net Change
Oregon Labor Trends
-60,000
2001 Recession: March 2001 - November 2001 (NBER)
2008 Recession: December 2007 - June 2009 (NBER)
Expanding and Opening Establishments
The number of jobs created by expanding companies remained fairly consistent
at just 264 fewer jobs than in the first quarter of 2014. Though the overall change
was small, two industries showed significant differences. Expanding construction
establishments gained nearly 1,400 fewer jobs this quarter, while professional and
business services establishments gained about 1,500 more jobs.
Opening establishments created 359 fewer jobs during the second quarter. This
decline was not due to a significant drop in the number of jobs in any one industry, but to small vacillations throughout all industries.
Contracting and Closing Establishments
Contracting establishments lost 2,400 more jobs during the second quarter than
in the first quarter, and closing establishments eliminated 2,000 more jobs.
Quality Information. Informed Choices. www.QualityInfo.org
7
Oregon Labor Trends
Contracting establishments in the leisure and hospitality industry lost 1,500
more jobs than in the previous quarter,
and those in the construction industry
lost roughly 1,300 more jobs. Closing
establishments in the professional and
business services industry lost over
1,000 more jobs than in the previous
quarter.
May 2015
A more detailed Business Employment
Dynamics Report is available at QualityInfo.org on the Publications page in
the Reports & Analysis box.
Many More Job Vacancies Around the State in 2014
Jessica Nelson, Economist,
[email protected],
(503) 947-1276
During 2014, Oregon’s private employers were looking to fill about 45,000
job vacancies at any given time,
according to new annual figures from
the Oregon Employment Department’s
Job Vacancy Survey. The Job Vacancy
Survey provides a snapshot of the
labor market job seekers face.
The number of job vacancies in 2014
increased by 40 percent compared
with 2013.
The average starting wage offered
by employers also improved over
the year, increasing by 4 percent to
$15.67. The largest increase
Table 1
in vacancies was among
jobs offering starting wages
Change
between $10 and $15 per
2013
2014 2013-2014
hour. There were 15,200 vaVacancies
32,441 45,402
40%
cancies in this range, up 72
<$10
9,508
9,433
-1%
percent from 2013. Vacan$10-$15
8,847 15,191
72%
cies offering more $15 per
>$15
9,179 11,858
29%
hour increased 29 percent to
11,900. There were slightly
fewer vacancies offering
or other work related qualification.
less than $10 per hour in 2014. That’s
The average wage offered for vacanpartly because the increase in Orcies requiring education beyond high
egon’s minimum wage from $8.95 in
school was more than $17 per hour.
2013 to $9.10 in 2014 narrowed that
Average wages increased for jobs
wage range.
requiring college degrees. The average hourly wage was $20 per hour for
One key to finding a job that pays
vacancies that required an associate
higher than average wages is to have
degree, $31 per hour for a bachat least some postsecondary training
elor’s degree, and $38 for a graduate
Table 2
Oregon Job Vacancies by Industry, 2014
Industry
All Industries
Health care and social assistance
Management, administrative, and
waste services
Retail trade
Leisure and hospitality
Manufacturing
Construction
Transportation, warehousing, and
utilities
Professional, scientific, and technical
services
Natural resources and mining
Private educational services
Other services
Financial activities
Wholesale trade
Information
8
Average
Hourly Full-time Permanent
Wage Positions
Positions
Vacancies
45,402
$15.67
73%
82%
8,591
$15.72
62%
90%
Requiring
Education
Requiring
Beyond
Previous Difficult
High
to Fill
School Experience
28%
70%
51%
39%
65%
60%
6,943
5,490
5,104
4,747
2,279
$16.14
$11.95
$10.66
$17.61
$20.03
75%
59%
60%
87%
95%
71%
84%
72%
83%
93%
35%
4%
7%
21%
18%
77%
57%
59%
62%
89%
44%
30%
48%
55%
65%
2,264
$18.82
86%
86%
18%
74%
74%
1,754
1,691
1,551
1,514
1,473
1,392
609
$20.70
$12.93
$18.24
$15.32
$21.51
$16.77
$26.24
85%
83%
70%
70%
95%
81%
96%
97%
18%
89%
86%
99%
96%
93%
64%
3%
71%
31%
57%
29%
80%
90%
54%
88%
76%
84%
86%
92%
55%
94%
25%
53%
28%
63%
24%
Quality Information. Informed Choices. www.QualityInfo.org
Oregon Labor Trends
degree. Vacancies that did not require
education beyond high school offered
hourly wages of $12 per hour.
Employers also offered higher wages
when their vacancies required more
than a year of previous experience.
Vacancies with no experience requirement paid an average of $11 per hour.
Those requiring less than one year
of experience paid $12 per hour. For
vacancies that required one to five
years of previous work experience,
the average wage offered was $18 per
hour, while those that required five or
more years of experience averaged
$32 per hour.
The health care and social assistance industry accounted for almost
one-fifth of vacancies, more than any
other industry sector. Four additional
industries each accounted for more
than 10 percent of Oregon job vacancies: management, administrative,
and waste services (which includes
company headquarters and temporary staffing agencies, among other
businesses); retail trade; leisure and
hospitality; and manufacturing.
Characteristics of job vacancies can
vary significantly by industry. For
example, nine out of 10 health care
vacancies were for permanent positions, and 39 percent required education beyond high school. In natural
resources and mining, however, just
18 percent of vacancies in 2014 were
for permanent jobs, and only 3 percent required education beyond high
school. The specific occupations being
recruited make a big difference in how
industry-level details play out – almost
two-thirds of the natural resources and
mining vacancies were for farmworkers, of which only 11 percent were
permanent positions and most were
seasonal. Health care recruitment was
focused on registered nurses, nursing
assistants, and medical assistants,
May 2015
which were almost always permanent
positions.
Every region of the state had more vacancies in 2014 than in 2013. Eastern
Oregon saw the greatest percentage
growth in vacancies over the year, up
73 percent from 2013, and the Portland area followed, with 44 percent
more vacancies in 2014 than in 2013.
The Portland Tri-County area had just
over 23,000 vacancies in 2014, 51
percent of the statewide total.
For more details on statewide and regional vacancies, visit the “publications”
tab on QualityInfo.org and scroll down to
the section titled “Job Vacancy Survey.”
Table 3
Oregon Job Vacancies by Geography
Oregon Statewide
Portland Tri-County
Northwest Oregon/Willamette Valley
Southwest Oregon
Central Oregon
Eastern Oregon
Change
2013 2014 2013-2014
32,441 45,402
40%
16,057 23,190
44%
7,808 9,878
27%
2,853 3,976
39%
3,003 3,691
23%
1,262 2,187
73%
Find Occupational and Wage Information on
www.QualityInfo.org
An abundance of occupational and wage information can be found at www.QualityInfo.org. The
site provides information regarding where the jobs are, how much they pay, what skills and
education are needed, where to get the necessary education and training, and what the employment outlook looks like for over 700 occupational titles.
You can also view current job openings placed with the Oregon Employment Department and on
other sites across the Internet. The tool includes information for Oregon as well as local area data.
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9
Oregon Labor Trends
May 2015
Oregon Current Labor Force and Industry Employment
Oregon Current Labor Force and Industry Employment
March
2015
Labor Force Status
Civilian labor force
Unemployed
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted
Employed
Other Labor Force Indicators
Labor force participation rate, seasonally adjusted
Labor underutilization rate – U-6, seasonally adjusted
Nonfarm Payroll Employment
Total nonfarm payroll employment
Total private
Mining and logging
Logging
Construction
Construction of buildings
Heavy and civil engineering construction
Specialty trade contractors
Manufacturing
Durable goods
Wood product manufacturing
Primary metal manufacturing
Fabricated metal product manufacturing
Machinery manufacturing
Computer and electronic product manufacturing
Semiconductor and electronic component mfg.
Transportation equipment manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Food manufacturing
Trade, transportation, and utilities
Wholesale trade
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods
Electronic markets and agents and brokers
Retail trade
Motor vehicle and parts dealers
Building material and garden supply stores
Food and beverage stores
Clothing and clothing accessories stores
Sporting goods, hobby, book and music stores
General merchandise stores
Miscellaneous store retailers
Nonstore retailers
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities
Utilities
Transportation and warehousing
Information
Publishing industries, except internet
Telecommunications
Financial activities
Finance and insurance
Real estate and rental and leasing
Professional and business services
Professional and technical services
Management of companies and enterprises
Administrative and waste services
Administrative and support services
Employment services
Educational and health services
Educational services
Health care and social assistance
Ambulatory health care services
Hospitals
10
February
2015
March
2014
Change From
February 2015
Change From
March 2014
1,931,494
112,625
5.8
5.4
1,818,869
1,940,654
119,630
6.2
5.8
1,821,024
1,917,784
149,077
7.8
7.1
1,768,707
-9,160
-7,005
-0.4
-0.4
-2,155
13,710
-36,452
-2.0
-1.7
50,162
61.2
11.5
61.4
12.1
60.9
14.6
-0.2
-0.6
0.3
-3.1
1,746,900
1,442,300
7,100
5,700
77,600
20,100
8,400
49,100
181,900
128,500
21,800
8,500
15,400
12,300
37,300
28,900
11,900
53,400
26,400
324,900
72,700
32,900
26,600
13,200
193,700
24,000
14,600
40,700
15,500
9,900
40,600
10,200
6,000
58,500
4,500
54,000
32,500
14,100
6,100
92,700
55,300
37,400
225,200
89,000
41,600
94,600
89,800
37,500
260,000
38,000
222,000
81,400
55,200
1,735,900
1,432,300
7,100
5,800
76,700
20,400
7,900
48,400
181,700
128,200
21,800
8,500
15,300
12,200
37,200
28,700
11,700
53,500
26,200
323,500
72,400
33,200
25,900
13,300
193,600
23,400
14,100
40,700
15,700
9,800
40,900
10,400
6,200
57,500
4,400
53,100
32,300
14,100
6,100
91,800
55,300
36,500
223,200
88,400
41,600
93,200
88,200
36,200
258,200
37,300
220,900
80,900
54,700
1,690,100
1,392,400
7,400
5,900
75,700
18,900
7,900
48,900
174,900
124,200
21,800
8,300
15,200
12,000
36,200
27,700
11,100
50,700
25,200
315,900
71,500
32,400
25,700
13,400
188,800
22,900
14,400
39,500
15,300
9,800
39,800
9,900
5,900
55,600
4,500
51,100
32,100
13,900
6,700
90,000
55,400
34,600
213,100
83,400
39,500
90,200
85,300
35,300
249,200
37,400
211,800
77,800
53,400
11,000
10,000
0
-100
900
-300
500
700
200
300
0
0
100
100
100
200
200
-100
200
1,400
300
-300
700
-100
100
600
500
0
-200
100
-300
-200
-200
1,000
100
900
200
0
0
900
0
900
2,000
600
0
1,400
1,600
1,300
1,800
700
1,100
500
500
56,800
49,900
-300
-200
1,900
1,200
500
200
7,000
4,300
0
200
200
300
1,100
1,200
800
2,700
1,200
9,000
1,200
500
900
-200
4,900
1,100
200
1,200
200
100
800
300
100
2,900
0
2,900
400
200
-600
2,700
-100
2,800
12,100
5,600
2,100
4,400
4,500
2,200
10,800
600
10,200
3,600
1,800
Quality Information. Informed Choices. www.QualityInfo.org
Oregon Labor Trends
May 2015
Oregon Current Labor Force and Industry Employment
Nursing and residential care facilities
Social assistance
Oregon
Trends
LeisureLabor
and hospitality
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Accommodation and food services
Accommodation
Food services and drinking places
Other services
Government
Federal government
State government
State education
Local government
Local education
Labor-management disputes
48,500
36,900
181,000
24,000
157,000
20,700
136,300
59,400
304,600
26,600
87,500
35,000
190,500
101,600
0
48,500
36,800
178,500
23,600
154,900
20,300
134,600
59,300
303,600
26,400
87,200
34,800
190,000
101,500
0
46,200
34,400
175,900
22,700
153,200
20,700
132,500
58,200
297,700
26,600
84,600
34,600
186,500
100,200
0
0
2,300
100
2,500
015
2,500 M a r c h 25,100
400
1,300
2,100
3,800
400
0
1,700
3,800
100
1,200
1,000
6,900
200
0
300
2,900
200
400
500
4,000
100
1,400
0
0
The most recent month is preliminary, the prior month is revised. Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Labor Force Status: Civilian labor force includes employed and unemployed individuals 16 years and older by place of residence. Employed includes nonfarm payroll employment, sel
employed, unpaid family workers, domestics, agriculture and labor disputants. Unemployment rate is calculated by dividing unemployed by civilian labor force.
U-6 is the total unemployed plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force plus total employed part-time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all
persons marginally attached to the labor force.
Nonfarm Payroll Employment: Data are by place of work and cover full- and part-time employees who worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th of the month.
The data exclude the self-employed, volunteers, unpaid family workers, and domestics. These survey-based estimates are revised quarterly, based on more complete information
from employer tax records.
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11
1
Unemployment Rates
Indicators
Oregon's Unemployment Rate Lower than U.S.
Unemployment Rates, Seasonally Adjusted
Unemployment Rate
(Seasonally adjusted)
14%
12%
Mar. 2015
Feb. 2015
Mar. 2014
Oregon
10%
United States
8%
Oregon 5.4
5.8 7.1 U.S.
5.5
5.5
6.6
6%
Seasonally Adjusted Employment
(Total Nonfarm Payroll Jobs)
4%
2%
0%
Mar-07
Mar-08
Mar-09
Mar-10
Mar-11
Mar-12
Mar-13
Mar-14
Mar-15
Total Nonfarm Payroll Employment
Oregon U.S.
Mar. 2015
1,759,500 141,183,000
Feb. 2015
1,755,200 141,057,000
Mar. 2014
1,703,400 138,055,000
Change From
Mar. 2014 56,100 3,128,000
% Change 3.3% 2.3%
Job Growth Continues in Oregon in March
Oregon Nonfarm Payroll Employment, Seasonally Adjusted
1,800,000
1,750,000
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
(All urban consumers, 1982-84=100)
Port.-Salem, OR-WA Index July-Dec. 2014
242.679
Annual Average
2014 241.215
1,700,000
1,650,000
United States
Mar. 2015 Annual Average
2014
1,600,000
1,550,000
1,500,000
Mar-07
Mar-08
Mar-09
Mar-10
Mar-11
Mar-12
Mar-13
Mar-14
2.4%
236.119
-0.1%
236.736
1.6%
Mar-15
OREGON LABOR TRENDS
Oregon Labor Trends is published by the Workforce & Economic Research Division of the Oregon Employment Department.
Oregon Labor Trends can be found under “Publications” on OED’s labor market information Web site, www.QualityInfo.org.
Lisa Nisenfeld, Director • Graham Slater, Administrator for Workforce & Economic Research
Production Team:
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Address Changes:
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Yearly
Change
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Phone (503) 947-1266 • 1-800-262-3912 ext. 71266 • E-mail: [email protected]
Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission.
Please credit Oregon Labor Trends, Oregon Employment Department. Any information on
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