Date ________________________ Period ________________________ Name ________________________________________
Atmosphere
Chapter Preview
Before you read the chapter, use the “What I Know” column to list three
things you know about the atmosphere. Then list three questions you have
about the atmosphere in the “What I Want to Find Out” column.
K
What I Know
W
What I Want to Find Out
Accept all reasonable
1. ________________________
1. ________________________
entries.
________________________
________________________
2. ________________________
2. ________________________
________________________
________________________
3. ________________________
3. ________________________
________________________
________________________
SCIENCE JOURNAL
Think about the Launch Lab you did to model the formation of dew and record your responses in this
science journal.
Describe what happened to the outside of the glass in Step 3 and Step 4.
The
ice water cooled the glass and, in turn, the air in contact with the outside
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of
the glass.
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Relate your observations to the formation of dew.
As
the air cooled, it condensed into moisture on the outside of the glass.
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In
a similar way, dew forms when moist air near the ground cools and condenses.
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Graph the temperature of the water during both experiments. Did the results vary with location?
Graphs and experimental results will vary, depending upon location.
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Atmosphere
113
Name __________________________________
Atmosphere
SECTION 1 Atmospheric Basics
DETAILS
MAIN IDEA
Scan Section 1 of your text. Use the checklist below as a guide.
• Read all the section titles.
• Read all bold words.
• Look at all figures and photos and read their captions.
• Think about what you already know about the atmosphere.
Review Vocabulary
Use your text to define the following term.
layer of gases that surrounds Earth
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atmosphere the
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New Vocabulary
Use your text to define each term.
troposphere
layer of Earth’s atmosphere in which most weather takes place and air
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stratosphere
layer of Earth’s atmosphere that is located above the tropopause and is
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radiation
energy transfer that occurs when molecules collide
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conduction
energy transfer through space by visible light, ultraviolet radiation, and
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convection
transfer of energy by the flow of a heated substance
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mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere
pollution collects
made up primarily of concentrated ozone
other forms of electromagnetic waves
Draw a sketch showing the relative positions of the mesosphere,
thermosphere, and exosphere. Sketches should show order shown
below.
exosphere
thermosphere
mesosphere
Atmosphere
114
Name __________________________________
SECTION 1 Atmospheric Basics (continued)
MAIN IDEA
DETAILS
Atmospheric Organize information about the components of the atmosphere using the
Composition prompts provided. Use Figure 1 and other information from your book to
Use with pages 282–283.
help you.
oxygen (__%) and ________
nitrogen
The majority of air is made up of ________
water vapor are two important gases that
(___%)._____________
Carbon dioxide and ___________
78
energy
vary in amount but are critical in determining the amount of ________
______
Heat is either absorbed or released when
the atmosphere absorbs. _______
changes state
water ______________
salt ,____
Three solids in the atmosphere are ____
____.
ice , and dust
A gas that controls the amount of ultraviolet light that enters the
oxygen atoms
ozone , a molecule made of three ______________.
atmosphere is _______
Other gases that can be found in the atmosphere include,
argon
methane and _________.
ammonia
helium , hydrogen
__________
, ________
________ ,________,
Structure of the Compare and contrast the characteristics of the different layers of the
Atmosphere atmosphere in the table below.
Use with pages 284–286.
Layer
Temperature
Variation with
Altitude
Composition
Special
Characteristics
Troposphere
decreases with
altitude
most weather
most of mass
of atmosphere, occurs,pollution
accumulates
water vapor
Stratosphere
increases with
altitude
concentrated
ozone
ozone layer
Mesosphere
decreases with
altitude
no
concentrated
ozone
upper boundary
is the
mesopause
increases with
altitude
little
atmospheric
gases,
molecules
spread far
apart
ionosphere
Thermosphere
Atmosphere
115
Name __________________________________
SECTION 1 Atmospheric Basics (continued)
MAIN IDEA
DETAILS
Solar Summarize the three methods of energy transfer from the Sun to Earth’s
Fundamentals atmosphere by completing the following chart.
Use with pages 286–288.
Convection
Conduction
energy transferred
by visible light,
UV radiation, and
other electromagnetic
waves
transfer of energy
by the flow of a
heated substance
Analyze how the Sun’s energy is affected as it hits Earth’s atmosphere. Fill
in the table with the five ways it is reflected or absorbed and the percentage
of sunlight that goes each way. Use Figure 4 to help you.
Effect
absorbed
reflected
by Earth’s
by the
atmosphere surface
percent
6%
50%
reflected
from
clouds
25%
absorbed
reflected
from Earth’s by the
atmosphere
surface
4%
15%
REAL-WORLD CONNECTION
CFCs are banned in the United States because they can cause ozone to degrade. Explain which part of
our atmosphere this protects and why that is important.
Accept
all reasonable answers, but students should point out that the stratosphere,
________________________________________________________________________________________
containing
the ozone layer, is being protected. The ozone in the stratosphere
________________________________________________________________________________________
protects
the surface of Earth from receiving harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.
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Atmosphere
116