Cat Dissection Superior Extremity Preliminary • As in the dissection of the inferior extremity, separate or isolate each muscle completely to its skeletal attachments. • Remove fascia by probe or blunt dissection (fingers). • Make only cuts specified. • Preserve all blood vessels and nerves as much as possible. Neck External jugular vein • Begin by freeing the external jugular vein on the left side of the neck. – Superiorly- it is joined by the superficial veins of the head. – Inferiorly- it disappears from view into the thorax between two muscles. Neck sternomastoid Submandibular saliva gland Parotid saliva gland • At the inferior point of the external jugular vein, the medial of the two muscles it disappears between is the sternomastoid. Free both edges of this muscle as it passes under the jugular vein and the submandibular saliva gland. Trapezius clavicular acromial spinous • In the cat, this superficial back muscle is divided into three distinct portions: Spinous, acromial and clavicular. • Free the inferior edge of the trapezius and pass a probe under all three sections. The probe should emerge at the clavicular edge. • Cut along the probe, transecting this muscle. • Reflect back the three portions to their attachments. Latissimus Dorsi Latissumus dorsi • This is a wide, glat back muscle that passes at an angle across the abdomen and thorax. Loosen the inferior edge and free this muscle before transecting. Make sure the probe comes out at the top of the muscle under the spinous portion of the trapezius. Free the muscle to its skeletal attachments. Latissimus Dorsi Should look like this after cutting. pectoralis Latissimus dorsi • On the side of the cat, the latissimus dorsi is fused (joined) to the pectoralis muscle. These muscles should be separated by cutting forward along along the seam to the axillary (armpit) region. The pectoralis should be freed, but left intact. We will cut it later in the dissection. Epitrochlearis epitrochlearis • Thin muscle on the medial side of the upper arm. Identify and free the borders only. ` rhomboideus Rhomboideus • Rhomboideus transected. Serratus anterior Latissimus dorsi • This muscle forms a flat, fan-shape that is Serratus anterior composed of several segments. You will find it under the latissimus dorsi between the ribs and scapula. Free each of the segments using your probe to break pectoralis the fascia. Serratus anterior Deltoid- clavicular Deltoid 7. acromial • Like the trapezius, the deltoid is divided into three sections: – Spinous – Acromial – Clavicular 6. Spinous • Transect and 8. clavicular reflect (peel back) each portion. Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres major Triceps brachii – lateral head (9) Triceps brachii: - long head (5) - medial head (6) Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Biceps brachii Brachialis (7) Vessels and nerves Vessels and nerves
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