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Automotive Software Systems Quality
An Attempt to Get It with Modeling
and Standard Architecture
Quality For IT
May 8-9, 2015
Pawel Markiewicz
Bogdan Kowalczyk
Table of Contents
• Delphi Automotive Introduction
• Modern Vehicle an Embedded Software System
• Development Challenge and Current Attempts to Address It
• AUTOSAR and Model Based Development
• Live Development Demonstration
• Q&A
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DELPHI Automotive
19,000
$16.5B
engineers
and
scientists
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126
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manufacturing
sites
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15
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major global
technical centers
.
Technical Center in Krakow
operates since 2000 year with
above 1200 employees working
currently in two facilities in Krakow.
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2013 revenue
more than
$1.7 B
160,000
in
Research &
Development
people in
32
countries
Modern Vehicle is Software Intensive Platform
Middle class vehicle = about 50 cooperating computer systems with electronics
accounting for up to 40% of total vehicle costs.
Source: clocwork a Rogue Wave Company
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Where We Come From?
Vehicle model in 1927
Vehicle model in 2014
Every single block on a diagram above is an Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
a microcomputer based on single or multiple microprocessors.
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Automotive Embedded Software System
A modern vehicle is de facto an embedded distributed software system
a kind of heterogeneous local area network.
Powertrain
Engine
X-by-Wire
Gearbox
Breaks
Safety
Radar
Camera
FlexRay
CAN High-Speed
TV
Tuner
Body
Computer
MOST
CD
Player
Entertainment/Multimedia
Phone
Navigation
Radio
CAN Low-Speed
Doors
Seats
Roof
LIN
Sensors
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Actuators
Lights
Trip
Computer
Comfort
Air
Condition
Every block on the diagram represents
a separate hardware unit with a software
named Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
The Challenge
• The three factors of a successful software project
are under strong industry pressure
People
Process
Tools
• Industry approach to address the challenge:
• standard system architecture
• model based development
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Automotive Open System Architecture AUTOSAR
AUTOSAR is an attempt which started in 2003 by automotive OEMs to define uniform
opened software system architecture standard so software components
developed by different software providers can cooperate together building
distributed system functionalities. Currently there is version 4.2 of the standard released.
Source: Mecel/Delphi
Source: http://www.autosar.org/
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AUTOSAR Based Embedded Distributed System
Source: Mecel/Delphi
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Model Based Development
Software Development Paradigm:
• Known in software industry since 1980s started with
Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools and next OMG defined UML
• In automotive industry does not have its origins in CASE and UML
but in simulations:
• System model is created which capture desired functionality
in the form of an executable specification
• Then it is simulated, tuned and verified
• Once developed, it can be automatically converted into the source code
and next compiled and targeted to the destination hardware system
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Model Based Development Process Flow
Requirements
Customer
Requirements
Elicitation
In an virtual environment functional model is
developed, simulated and verified in direct
contact with customer in a continuous process
of requirements elicitation.
Functional model is converted into implementation
model which is also developed, simulated and verified
in an virtual environment.
Behavioral /Functional Model
Development and Verification
Implementation model is automatically translated into
software code and compiled for the destination
Electronic Control Unit hardware.
Implementation Model
Development and Verification
Code Generator
Virtual model development and verification supported
Automatically
with simulations allows for early bug detection and
Generated
Code
eliminates lots of late state development bugs decreasing
bug fixing costs and increasing final product quality and reliability.
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Destination
ECU
Model in the Loop, Software in The Loop,
Hardware in the Loop and Processor in the Loop
Model Based Development allows for various development and verification levels
before final software is delivered.
MiL - Model in the Loop (virtual platform)
Test Vectors
(various tests
inputs)
Test
Results
Passed/Fail
≈
SiL - Software in the Loop (virtual platform)
Test
Results
Comparison
HiL - Hardware in the Loop
(rapid prototyping hardware platform)
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PiL Processor in the Loop (destination ECU hardware)
MBD and AUTOSAR
Currently Model Based Design tools for automotive are capable to generate code
which is AUTOSAR compatible. In that way AUTOSAR software components (SW-C)
(application components) can be automatically generated from the models without
accompany hand written source code development.
Model 2
Model 1
AUTOSAR Software Components (SW-C)
Automatically Generated from the Models
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Demonstration
• Mathworks MATLAB and Simulink tool for functional
model development
• Mathworks Simulink Coder/MATLAB Coder for
automatic code generation
• dSPACE uAutoBox for HiL and rapid prototyping
• Vector CANoe for vehicle ECUs virtual simulation
In this live example we assume development of a demonstration ECU
which is used to control LED bar through the CAN communication bus.
LED Control ECU
CAN
CAN
Ctrl
Interface
uP
LED
Ctrl
Interface
Prepared by:
Krzysztof Kogut
Pawel Markiewicz
Dominik Sasin
from Delphi TCK Active Safety team.
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Demonstration Setup
CANoe
Simulation
Environment
For developed
LED Control ECU
there is not software code written.
Instead model is created
and automatic code is generated
which is next run on rapid prototyping
uAutoBox hardware.
CAN communication of the external world
of the developed LED CTRL ECU
(red line above)
is simulated with the Vector CANoe software.
Matlab/Simulink
and ControlDesk
Environment
uAutoBox
CAN Low-Speed Bus
CAN
Interface
Box
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LEDs
Q&A
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References
• Three ways to deliver safer and more secure automotive software –
klocwork a Rogue Wave Company http://www.klocwork.com/
• AUTOSAR – official web page: http://www.autosar.org/
• Mathworks – official web page: http://www.mathworks.com/
• dSPACE – official web page: https://www.dspace.com/
• Vector Informatik GmbH – official web page: http://vector.com/
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Thank you for your attention!
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