Research Express@NCKU - Articles Digest Research Express@NCKU Volume 29 Issue 1 - April 24, 2015 [ http://research.ncku.edu.tw/re/articles/e/20150424/2.html ] In vivo anti-cancer efficacy of magnetite nanocrystal based system using locoregional hyperthermia combined with 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy Tsung-Ju Lia, Chih-Chia Huangb,c,e, Pin-Wei Ruanb, Kuei-Yi Chuangb, Kuang-Jing Huangd, DarBin Shieha,d,e,* , Chen-Sheng Yehb,e a Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan b Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan c Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center (BMIRC), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan d Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan e Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center and Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan [email protected] Biomaterials Volume 34, Issue 32, Pages 7873–7883 (2013) Hyperthermia (or thermotherapy) is one alternative cancer therapy available for advanced disease states. Experimental results showed that by exposing tumor to temperature around 41-45C for a period of time can damage or kill cancer cells while only minimally injure normal tissue (Hartman 2008). Cancer lesions present intrinsic acidity and low oxygen environment which provide resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. These factors also render cancer cells more sensitive to heat.1 Nanoparticles were known to display unique chemical and physical properties once the bulk states. Moreover, the size of nanoparticle can readily penetrate into tissue or even subcellular space. Nanoparticles tailored for many biomedical application such as contrast enhancement in MRI, optical imaging, ultrasonography and other modalities have been developed or on market in the past decades. Currently, clinical obstacle for hyperthermia treatment is due to inefficient delivery of enough heat to deep-seated tumor. Application using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia is believed to be one promising treatment for cancers. Under the exposure of magnetic field, the individual superparamagnetic nanoparticle with single magnet dipole dissipate heat due to main dipole relaxation.2 Although a number of magnetic hyperthermia has been performed by research groups, reports up to date have either described in situ injection of large dosage of iron oxide nanoparticles or long-term exposure of radio-frequency. 3 We developed octahedron iron oxide nanoparticle is capable of targeting Her-2 and can be thermal-triggered to release drug under radiofrequency exposure. Upon radiofrequency exposure, our iron oxide nanoparticles present much higher temperature raise than the commercially available Resovist under 1.3MHz frequency (Fig 1.) 1 of 4 Research Express@NCKU - Articles Digest Figure 1. Fe3O4 nanocrystal has better temperature rise in comparison with commercial Resovist4 After successful modification of the Fe3O4@anti-HER2 nanoparticles to carry 5-FU drugs, intravenous injection was done to the tumor bearing SCID mice. The synchronized locoregional hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy by radiofrequency trigger was done 24 hour post injection. We observed that accumulation of iron oxide to tumor tissue was greatly increased after RF exposure (Fig 2, Left image). Additionally, under thermal camera image we observed hyperthermia induced in solid tumor mass was evident (Fig 2, Right image). Figure 2. Iron stain analysis of the tumor mass after radiofrequency treatment (left) and the thermo image during the treatment (right4). 2 of 4 Research Express@NCKU - Articles Digest We observed that after intravenous injection of anti-Her2 conjugated 5-FU tathered magnetite nanoparticles and radiofrequency exposure, the tumor size on mice significantly regressed as compared to the control groups (Figure 3). This is the first report to prove the concept that locoregional hyperthermia combined with 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy can improve cancer therapy and potentially lower down side effects. This article was published in Biomaterial 2013. Figure 3. Animal study showed that when synchronized hyperthermia with chemotherapy can enhance tumor regression. Reference 1. Moyer, H. R. and K. A. Delman (2008). "The role of hyperthermia in optimizing tumor response to regional therapy." Int J Hyperthermia 24(3): 251-261. 2. Hartman, K. B. W., Lon J.1; Rosenblum, Michael G.2 (2008). "Detecting and Treating Cancer with Nanotechnology." Molecular Diagnosis &Therapy 12: 1-14. 3. Rachakatla, R. S., S. Balivada, et al. (2010). "Attenuation of mouse melanoma by A/C magnetic field after delivery of bi-magnetic nanoparticles by neural progenitor cells." ACS Nano 4(12): 7093-7104. 4. Li, TS., Huang CC., Ruan PW., Chuang KY., Huang KJ., Shieh DB., Yeh CS. (2013). “In vivo anti-cancer efficacy of magnetite nanocrystal - based system using locoregional hyperthermia combined with 5fluorouracil chemotherapy.” Biomaterials 34, 7873–7883. 3 of 4 Research Express@NCKU - Articles Digest 4 of 4
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