1. No category

2nd ReSyLAB, 14-16 May, 2015, Belgrade, Serbia
Typification of landslides for the purpose of
substantiation of systems designed for
engineering protection of folded mountain
areas
PhD student Maria Minina
Russian Federation, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Geological faculty
Study area
Krasnaia Poliana
The Mzymta River Valley North-West Caucasus,
Russian Federation
Adler
The Black Sea
The
Caspian
sea
The Mzymta river valley
Geological conditions of the Mzymta river valley
Folded mountain territory
Significant volumes of
atmospheric precipitation
dQIV
mQIII
pQIII
dQIV
dQIV
alQcIV
alQIV
Various lithological composition
with different properties
Intensive erosion network
alQII
alQIII
Pg1-2
Presence of genetically diverse
Quaternary formations
Seismic activity,
9-11 MSK
Dangerous geological processes in
the Mzymta river valley
LANDFALLS
KARST
AVALANCHES
MUDFLOWS
EROSION
LANDSLIDES
Significant landslide protection system in
the Mzymta river valley
Difficulties of organisation of landslide protection, lack of
effectiveness of engineering activities and very high cost are often
associated with such factors as:
•
•
Lack of comprehensive assessment of landslide hazard;
Methodically incorrect engineering-geological investigations.
During preparing infrastructure for Olympic Games one of the main mistakes
was lack of interoperable technical solutions of various organizations due to
virtue of departmental dissociation or different sources of financing, when
construction of an object led to additional measures of engineering protection
of another object located down the slope.
So, the main our idea is:
Effectiveness of engineering protection can be achieved by
developing typical protection schemes against
corresponding typical landslides that can significantly
reduce the cost of protective activities.
Qualitive and quantitave characteristics, which determine the engineering protection:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Mechanism of landslide’s movement;
Hydrogeological conditions.
Landslide’s width;
Landslide’s length;
Landslide’s depth;
Average landslide’s slope;
Lithology;
Landslide’s factors;
Principal structure of landslide
Landslide susceptibility map
TYPES OF LANDSLIDES IN THE MZYMTA RIVER VALLEY
№
Types of landslides
Geometric characteristics of
landslides
Width, m
I
II
The number of pixels
III
Length, m
Depth, m
Slope,
degree
Lithology
ROTATIONAL
SLIDES
TRANSLATIONAL
SLIDES
80-400
130-500
4-25
1) Mudstones with
interlayer of siltstones and
15-28
sandstones;
2) Marls; 3) Limestones.
FLOWS
75-230
90-450
3-12
1) Clays; 2) Mudstones
10-26 with interlayer of
siltstones; 3) Clay marls.
IV
SHALLOW
5-25
10-40
less than 3
V
COMPLEX
200-500
350-800
8-30
1) Clays and loams with
10-30 inclusions of gravel and
boulders.
1)Siltstones and calcareous
clays,
10-28
2) Mudstones, 3) Marls,
4) Limestones.
In logistic regression, the nonlinear relationship between
a dependent
Values on
histograms,
variable and several
independent variables
is constructed
based
on athe
which are
between
Classifications
of mechanism:
and upper
multiple regression. The dependent variable (presencelower
or absence
of
1) Varnes;
quartiles were
landslide) is dichotomous, and the independent variables (causative
factors)
Zolotarev
as abetween
typical
may be a nominal, ordinal,2)
interval,
or ratioG.S.;
scale. Thedetermined
relationship
values.
3) Rzaev M.K.
a dependent variable and independent
variables is established
using the
maximum likelihood.
SLOPE, degree
Logistic regression
S = 1/(1+e-ψ), 0≥S≥1
(1)
Где:
1) S – it's likelihood that landslide processes are within the unit of territory
(G1) or not (G0);
2)
Ψ = β1 a1 + β2 a2 + βm am + ε
(2)
β1, β2, βm - the unknown parameters of
a regression model
(regression coefficients),
a1, a2, am – independent variables
(factors of landslides) within
each unit (r),
ε – error, associated with a curvilinear
approximation model.
S
Ψ
Topographic wetness index
Stream power index
Slope
Lithology of bedrock
Lithology of Quaternary
formations
Land use
SIGNIFICANCE OF LANDSLIDES’ FACTORS
№
I
Types of landslides
Rotational slides
II
Translational slides
III
Flows
IV
Shallow
V
Complex (combination
two principal types
movement)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
of 1)
of 2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
Factors of landslides
Error of analysis
Stream power index,
Lithology,
Landform classification,
Aspect,
Solar radiation,
Land use,
Density of tectonic faults,
Topographic wetness index,
Slope,
Curvature classification.
Lithology,
Topographic wetness index,
Land use,
Curvature classification,
Landform classification,
Aspect,
Solar radiation,
Slope.
Land use,
Lithology,
Landform classification,
Aspect,
Curvature classification.
Landform classification,
Lithology,
Stream power index,
Slope,
Topographic wetness index,
Land use,
Density of tectonic faults,
Aspect,
Solar radiation,
Curvature classification.
24%
21%
35%
23%
I. ROTATIONAL SLIDES
Typical rotational landslide
Schematic typical structure:
1-landslide body, 2-bedrock
Susceptibility map of the Mzymta river valley for
rotational landslides
II. TRANSLATIONAL SLIDES
Typical translational landslide
Schematic typical structure: 1landslide body, 2-bedrock
Susceptibility map of the Mzymta river valley for
translational landslides
III. FLOW
LANDSLIDES
Typical flow landslide
Schematic typical structure of
flow landslides: 1-landslide
body, 2-bedrock
Susceptibility map of the Mzymta river valley for
flow landslides
IV. SHALLOW LANDSLIDES
Typical shallow landslide
Schematic typical structure of
shallow landslides: 1-shallow
landslide body, 2-any typical
landslide, 3-bedrock
Predictive model had a big
mistake, because of small
database, so creation of
susceptibility for shallow
landslides was senselessly.
V. COMPLEX
LANDSLIDES
Typical complex landslide
Schematic typical structure of
complex landslides: 1-flow
landslide, 2-rotational or
translational landslide, 3bedrock
Susceptibility map of the Mzymta river valley for
complex landslides
Conclusion
1) Complex geological conditions created favourable conditions for the
development of exogenous geological processes. Among which the landslide
process requires the most careful and detailed study.
2) The effectiveness of systems engineering landslide protection can be achieved
through the development of standard protection schemes.
3) On the base of selected parameters, which determine characteristics of
engineering protection, were carried out 5 types of landslides in order for further
developing of engineering schemes of landslide protection.
4) Thus, considering, first of all, the structure of the 5 landslide’s types and,
secondly, the selected landslides’ parameters, may be substantiated 5 standard
schemes of comprehensive landslide engineering protection with the exact technical
parameters, that is the subject of further research.
Thank you for attention!
2nd ReSyLAB, 14-16 May, 2015, Belgrade, Serbia
Typification of landslides for the purpose of
substantiation of systems designed for
engineering protection of folded mountain
areas
PhD student Maria Minina
Russian Federation, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Geological faculty