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How to Configure Routing Information Protocol:
RIPv2
By Stelios Antoniou
Support Center
Newsletter
11
December 3, 2007
This article concentrates on the enhanced Routing Information Protocol, also known as RIP
version 2. I will show you the necessary configuration steps for RIPv2 so that you will be able to
configure RIP on your own.
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Last time we covered RIP version 1, which included information on RIP operation, drawbacks,
configuration, and much more.
Today, we shift focus to RIPv2 and to illustrate the configuration steps I will use the same example I
used in the first article, just for simplicity. I’ll also give you a brief overview of the most important
parts of both versions of RIP, which should be very useful for all of you out there studying for the
CCENT and CCNA exams.
Routing Information Protocol Version 2
Both versions of RIP, RIPv1 and RIPv2, are Distance Vector Routing Protocols that use router
hop counts as their metrics. They support a maximum hop count value of 15. Any router farther
than 15 hops away is considered to be unreachable.
The main enhancement of RIPv2 over its ancestor is the fact that it first sends the subnet mask
with the updates; hence it is considered to be a classless routing protocol in the sense that it is
able to distinguish among different subnets – which is something that is not found in RIPv1.
The following table presents in more details the main characteristics of RIPv2:
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Configuring RIPv2
As I mentioned before, I’ll be using the same network diagram that I used in configuring RIPv1.
Configuring RIP routing protocol consists of three basic steps:
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Enabling RIP routing protocol on the router
TAGS
Specifying the RIP version to run
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Configuring the network addresses to be included in routing updates or specifying the
interfaces to participate in routing updates
Cisco
Using the Cisco IOS, the command to enable RIP routing protocol is router rip. The version
command is used to specify which RIP version to use (either 1 or 2). If the version command is
omitted then the router defaults to sending RIPv1 but can receive both RIPv1 and RIPv2.
CEH
The network command is used to specify the directly connected subnets on the router to be
configured and that are intended to be included in the routing updates. This is a good time to point
out that you still specify classful networks with the network command.
According to the classful, network specified, the subnets of that network are automatically
identified and participate in the routing update. By default routing updates are summarized at
network boundaries.
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In RIPv2 this auto summarization behavior can be turned off using the no auto-summary
command. Moreover, manual summarization can be configured on a per interface level.
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Let’s see how we can configure RIPv2 on our small network:
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RouterA(config)#router rip
RouterA(config-router)#version 2
RouterA(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
RouterA(config-router)#network 195.14.25.0
RouterA(config-router)#network 195.14.125.0
RouterA(config-router)#no auto-summary
To configure RIPv2 on RouterB we use the following commands:
RouterB(config)#router rip
RouterB(config-router)#version 2
RouterB(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0
RouterB(config-router)#network 195.14.25.0
RouterB(config-router)#network 195.14.125.0
RouterA(config-router)#no auto-summary
No auto-summary command on RouterB forces the advertisement of two different subnets from
different interfaces (195.14.25.40 and 195.14.25.60) within the same network. By applying the
above configuration on RouterB you have accomplished the advertisement of the following
subnets:
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Finally to configure RIPv2 on RouterC we issue the following:
RouterC(config)#router rip
RouterC(config-router)#version 2
RouterC(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0
RouterC(config-router)#network 195.14.25.0
RouterC(config-router)#no auto-summary
You can also manually configure routing summarization per interface. For example, you could
specify on RouterC the summary address to use on its FE1 interface using the following
commands:
RouterC(config)#router rip
RouterC(config-router)#version 2
RouterC(config-router)#no auto-summary
RouterC(config)#int FE1
RouterC(config-if)#ip summary-address rip 195.14.25.60
255.255.255.252
At any time you can manually stop RIP messages from being broadcasted out a specific interface.
For example, if you wanted to forbid RouterCs FE1 to participate into RIP updates you can use the
following commands:
RouterC(config)#router rip
RouterC(config-router)#passive-interface FE1
Moreover, you can override the routers’ global rip version setting and specify the version on a per
interface basis. For example, if you wanted to specify on RouterCs FE1 interface the transmission
of RIP version 2 and reception of RIP version 1 messages you should apply the following
commands:
RouterC(config-if)#ip rip send version 2
RouterC(config-if)#ip rip receive version 1
RIPv2 Support for Discontiguous Subnets
The capability to populate subnet masks along with the routes and at the same time the capability
to disable auto-summarization provides the perfect solution to the problem of discontiguous
subnets (subnets from the same major network
address separated by a different network).
To better understand the enhanced capabilities or RIPv2 consider the following network case
scenario:
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Looking at the above diagram you can see that subnets 192.168.10.0/27 and 192.168.10.32/27
which belong to the same classful network 192.168.10.0/24 are separated by network 10.0.0.0
hence they are considered to be discontiguous networks.
Due to RIPs classless behavior routing between these networks can be performed without any
problems. To be able to do so, you have to disable RIPv2 default behavior of auto summarization
so that the appropriate subnet masks can be propagated and update the routing table in each of
the routers.
Comparing RIPv1 and RIPv2
To appropriately terminate the series on the RIP protocol – and to help you study for your Cisco
exams – I’ll summarize the major differences between the two RIP versions in a tabular format. And
hopefully, this will be a quick and easy way for you to make up your mind on the right RIP version
to use in any situation.
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Stelios Antoniou (CCNA, NET+, MOUS) holds a BSc in Electronic
Engineering and an MSc in Communication Networks. He has over three
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years of experience in teaching MS Office applications, networking courses
and GCE courses in Information Technology. Stelios is currently working as
a VoIP Engineer in a Telecom company, where he uses his knowledge in
practice. He has successfully completed training on CCNP topics, Linux and
IMS. His enthusiasm, ambition and knowledge motivate him to offer his best. Stelios has written
many articles covering Cisco CCENT, CCNA, and CCNP.
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