How to Inspect Flash Rust
Training Manual
Presented to National Shipbuilding Research Program
SP--3
SP
September 30, 2008
B L
By
Lydia
di M
M. F
Frenzel,
l Ph
Ph.D.
D
On behalf of
Project Members
And Pete Judt
Judt, Todd Pacific Shipyard







Since last NSRP meeting in Virginia
Put together modules
Presentation to 12 people at Megarust
4 hours
Rewrite
Presentation to NSRP in Johnstown
Re--writeRe
write- reduce, get to cd deliverable by
December.
Project Goals
 It takes about 3 hours to get through all of
the material.
 In its present form
form, it is more than originally
promised.
– Reduce the number of examples
examples.
– Include the optional chapters?
 (discussion
(
with NASSCO and Cogswell)
g
)
– Produce Final electronic version.
 Final Deliverable is due in December.
Flash Rust
 Flash Rust is the rust that occurs from the
time the waterjetting (WJ) process starts to
the time the water used for the waterjetting
process dries.
 Typically, NO rustrust-back is allowed in dry
blast cleaning, but it is accepted to paint
over “Flash Rust” in waterjetting.
 How much “Flash Rust” is formed is directly
related to time of wetness.
Experienced
p
Inspector
p
New to Waterjetting





Get NACE No
No. 5 /SSPC SPSP-12 and VISVIS-4
Compare VISVIS-4 to SSPC VIS
VIS--1 and VIS
VIS--3
Read Introduction
Read Standard Language. Go out and look.
Look at Videos for orientation. Compare
p
btb_short.mpg with clean blasting.mpg to remind
our selves of our public responsibility. (Optional)
 Go
G to
t Chapters
Ch t
on Wiping
Wi i and
dT
Tape
 Peruse Chapters on Field Examples
New Inspector
p
New to Abrasive Blast and Waterjet
 Get NACE No. 5 /SSPC SPSP-12 and VIS
VIS--4
 Get one of the NACE or SSPC SP abrasive documentsdocuments- I
suggest SSPC SPSP-10 or SSPC SP
SP--6
VIS-4 to SSPC VISVIS-1 and VIS
VIS--3
 Compare VIS Read Introduction and Standards. Go out and look.
 Look at Videos for orientation. Compare btb_short.mpg
with clean blasting
blasting.mpg
mpg to remind our selves of our public
responsibility. (Optional)
 Read remaining chapters in sequence.
 Get out into the Yard and look around.
around Get a pressure
washer or a hose and wet down some steelsteel- horizontal and
vertical. Try the wipe tests.
 Peruse Chapters on Field Examples
Chapter 1 Introduction
 Chapter 1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Introduction
Objective
Beginning Definition of flash rust
Common terms for waterjetting
Reader Background
Limitations of this Training Manual
Use of Manual
History
Comparison of Dry and Wet Blasting
Brief Introduction to Evaluation of Flash Rust
 Subjective versus Objective Evaluation in Dry and Wet Blasting
Chapter 2 “Standard”
Standard Rust
 Chapter 2
Standard Language
 Standard Language
– Flash Rust
– Rust Back
– Rust Bloom
 Standard
St d d D
Documents
t
 Abrasive
 WaterJetting
g
 Examples of Decision Trees
Trees-- “Can I Paint this
surface?” (optional)
Chapter 3 Standard Photos
 Chapter
p 3 Standard Photos
– ISO, SSPC, NACE
– Coatings Manufacturer
 International Paint
 Hempel
 Jotun
– Examples of None, Light, Moderate, and Heavy
– Introduction to Field Methods of Evaluation
 ALL DOCUMENTS CONVERGE ON
 None
 Light
Li ht
 Moderate
Moderate-- Medium
Heavyy- Considerable
 Heavy
Chapter 4 Use of Guides and
Illumination
 Chapter 4 Use of Guides
 All Guides are used the same.
 All guides lead to same answer
answer.
–
–
–
–
–
Distance from Steel
Select initial condition
Evaluate Cleanliness before flash rust forms
Evaluate Flash Rust before coating
g
Mitigate Flash Rust, if necessary
 Illumination
Chapter 55- Field Experience Videos
 Cleaning with closed looploop- vacuum
 Cleaning with hand gungun- no vacuum
 Cleaning with hand gun
gun-- defect placing
more water on surface and leading to heavy
flash rust
 Field Experiences
 Water BreakBreak- Oil and Grease
 Hand Held without Vacuum Vs. Robotic with Vacuum
 Flash Rust from Different Methods
Chapter 66- Field Evaluation
Wiping with Cloth
 Wipe with Hand
 Wipe with Cloth
– Hand
– Swatch
– Brush
 Examples
l off Light,
h Moderate,
d
Heavy
 Comparison Examples
 Pressure
P
W
Wash
h to
t reduce
d
Moderate
M d t or Heavy
H
to
t
Light
 Be consistent in materials and methodology
Chapter 77- Field Evaluation
Pressure Sensitive Tape
 Hempel Defined test for Quantitative Evaluation
– ISO 85028502-3 Assessment of Dust with Tape
p
– Hempel Description
– Standard Hempel Photos
 D and
d C St
Steell
– Moderate, Heavy Rust
Rust-- Field Barge
– No flash rustrust- Field Barge
g
 Scanned fullfull-size copies of Tape pages are
included in pdf notes.
Chapter 8 Summary




Chapter 8 Summary
Standards
Guides
Illustrations of Light,
g , Moderate,, Heavyy
Optional Chapters
 Chapter
p Field Experience
p
((optional)
p
) Todd Pacific InIn-House Training
g
– How Todd Pacific Shipyard does inin-house training






Standards of Cleanliness
VIS--4
VIS
Definition of “Obscure”
Light, Moderate, Heavy
Microscopic Views
Brush Wipe Procedure
 Chapter Field Experience (optional)(optional)- Control and Mitigation of Flash
Rust ( Cogswell and Ault felt this was most important)
 Chapter Field Experience (optional)(optional)- Use of Digital Camera for
evaluation
 Chapter Field Experience (optional)(optional)- series of formation of flash rust
with time stamp on themthem- use the area of light moderate, heavy flash
rust on barge
Published Papers (Optional)

There are many published papers. These papers deal with “Flash Rust.”
and
d are included
i l d d in
i the
th electronic
l t
i file.
fil

Gilbert, Doug, New Hydroblasting and Slurryblasting Standards Issued,
JPCL, Jan., 1995, p. 6464-69 This article is the basis for International Paint’s
i -house
inin
h
training
t i i
for
f their
th i technical
t h i l representatives.
t ti
Kelly, John, There's More than One Kind Of Rust, Marine Log, May, 1996,
p. 18
Swearingen, Mark, UHP Water Jetting Offers Advantages, Marine Log,
May, 1996, p. 20
Tanner, John, Flash Rust, A Primer, CleanerTimes, April, 2001, p. 20,22,23
Frenzel, Lydia, Flash Rust: Color, CleanerTimes, May 2001, p. 26 & 27
Frenzel, Lydia, Flash Rust: Amount, CleanerTimes, June 2001, p.32 & 33
Frenzel, Lydia, Remote Waterjetting Offers Inconspicuous Coatings
removal on LNG tank, JPCL, Dec., 2002, p. 57
57--65
Frenzel, Lydia M, Flash Rust, CleanerTimes, Sept, 2004 p 24
24--27







Contact Information




Lydia Frenzel, Ph.D.
[email protected]
Tel--Fax:+1 800Tel
800-308308-7416
Tel: +1 512512-392392-2210
 On
On--Site training is available
available.
How to Inspect Flash Rust
chapter
h t 01 IIntroduction
t d ti
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Flash Rust
 Flash Rust is the rust that occurs from the
time the waterjetting (WJ) process starts to
the time the water used for the waterjetting
process dries.
 Typically, NO rustrust-back is allowed in dry
blast cleaning, but it is accepted to paint
over “Flash Rust” in waterjetting.
 How much “Flash Rust” is formed is directly
related to time of wetness.
Common Terms





water jetting
jetting, or waterjetting
water blast cleaning, or water blasting
hydrojetting, or hydroblasting
aquajetting,
q j
g, or aquablasting,
q
g,
and “cleaning by directing a jet of
pressurized water onto the surface to be
cleaned.”
Background of Reader
 Inspectors
 Have attended NACE or SSPC Certified Inspector
Courses
 Familiar with “Standard” photos and language
 Might not be as familiar with Water Jetting (WJ),
(WJ)
Wet Abrasive Blasting (WAB) as compared
to Dry Abrasive Blasting (AB).
(AB)
What this Manual “IS
IS NOT”
NOT
 This is not a comprehensive Inspection
Manual. Many factors in addition to Flash
Rust
 The manual does not address in detail
– Visual Cleanliness (ie SSPC SPSP-5,
5 SSPC SPSP10, ISO 3, ISO 2 ½, WJWJ-1, WJ
WJ--2)
– Profile Requirements
– Oil and Grease
– Non
Non--Visible Contaminants
How To Use This Manual





Make use of What you know
know.
Go to sections that make sense.
Have on handhand- one of the written Standards
Have on handhand- one or more of the Visual Guides
All standards and Guides lead to the Same
Definitions.
 Concentrate on Areas that you are inin-experienced
with.
ith
 Inspection of “Flash Rust” is deceptively simple.
How To Use This Manual (cont)






Read a little!
Go out in the field and look at Rust Bloom
Have a Visual Guide in Hand
Tryy the p
physical
y
measurements
Be Consistent !
Think a lot!
History of WaterJetting and Wet
Abrasive Blasting
 1940
1940’s
s strip slag from steel
steel, Wet abrasive blasting
 Go From CLEANING TO REMOVAL
 1980’s
1980 s start removal of coatings
coatings-- surface
preparation
 1985
1985-- SSPC starts standards on WAB and WJ
 1994
1994-- US Navy introduces UHP WJ robotic control
and “closed”
closed loop with vacuum
 International Paint issues photographsphotographs-
Abrasive Cleaning and Pressurized
Water Cleaning are DIFFERENT!
 Dry or Wet Abrasive
WaterJet
 New and Repair
Repair
Exposes profile
 Makes new profile
under paint or corrosion
 Erases from the Top
Shears at interface
 Looks Uniform
Exposes all problems
 Cleans top, leave
Gets into crevices,
crevices alone
can leave top material
 NO Rust Allowed
Flash Rust allowed
Surface Preparation
 Even though
though, Abrasive cleaning and
Pressurized Water Cleaning are different,
the Objective is the SAMESAME-
Create a Situation so that the
Coatings Will Perform as
Expected.
Expected
Why Bother with WaterJetting and
“Flash Rust”
 Waterjet Cleaning is typically used on
heavily contaminated steel, or in areas
where rubber linings
linings, barnacles
barnacles, or heavy
rust is to be removed.
 Coatings
C ti
titightly
htl adhere
dh
tto th
the surface
f
 and their performance is equal to, or better,
than dry blast cleaning.
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Ch t 2
Chapter
2-- Standards
St d d
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Approach
 The Biggest Key is to understand:
 Waterjet is done in repair or maintenance.
 “What you do to the Surface Initially will
influence the performance through the rest
of the structures life
life.”
 Think Process
 Management
g
Systems
y
 Human Failing
 Weather
Standard Language
 Standard Definitions
– Flash Rust
– Rust Back
– Rust Bloom
Three Basic “terms” of rust found in
standards
 Flash Rust is an oxidation of the steel that occurs as wetted carbon
steel dries OR rusting that occurs when a thin coat of waterborne paint is
applied over blast cleaned steel. Often looks like rust bloom.
 Rust
R
Rustt-Back
B k (rerusting)
(
ti ) is rusting that occurs when freshly exposed,
dry, bare steel is exposed to conditions of high humidity, moisture, or a
corrosive atmosphere. It is the term used when steel cleaned by dry abrasive
blasting power tools
blasting,
tools, or wet abrasive blasting begins to rust after the steel
surface has completely dried.
 Rust Bloom is somewhat uniform rust spread evenly over a large
section
ti off the
th surface.
f
 Long term corrosion is not flash rusting.
Standard Documents
WaterJet Cleaning
 WaterJet Cleaning
– NACE No. 5 or SSPC SPSP-12
– Surface Preparation and Cleaning of Metals by Waterjet
– SSPC
SSPC--VIS No. 4 NACE VIS 7
– Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces
Prepared by Waterjetting
– ISO 85018501-4
– Initial
I iti l S
Surface
f
C
Conditions,
diti
preparation
ti grades
d and
d flflash
h
rust grades in connection with highhigh-pressure water
jetting
Waterjetting or Hydroblasting
 Shipyards and contractors utilize pressure
washers for cleaning.
 Shipyards and contractors use both high pressure
and ultra high pressure waterjetting for surface
preparation
p
p
and stripping
pp g coatings
g or liners.
 Waterjetting does not produce a profile; it exposes
an existing profile.
 Waterjet blasted surfaces look very different from
abrasive blasted surfaces.
Waterjet Blast Doesn’t Look Like Dry Blast.
3 examples of Commercial or Thorough Cleaning
Standard Photos.
SSPC
NACE
D SPSP-6
Dry
ISO D Sa 2
Dry
SSPC/NACE D WJ
WJ--3
WJ
Combination of Flash Rust and
Rust--Back
Rust
 If the substrate is cleaned with water and
then allowed to sit for several hours or days,
Y will
You
ill likely
lik l have
h
a combination
bi ti off “Flash
“Fl h
Rust” which occurs as the water is drying
and
d “R
“Rustt-Back”
“RustB k” which
hi h occurs over a period
i d
of days.
This is what people mean when they say “The
surface keeps changing from dayday-toto-day.”
Examples of Rust Bloom
WJ-- hand held
WJ
Dry Abrasive Blast
WJ-- Days Later
WJ
WJ-- hand held
WJ
Rust--Back
Rust
 Dry Blast
Blast-- If rust is visible before painting
(i.e., rust back), the surface must be rerecleaned to meet contract cleaning
requirements
D Ab
Dry
Abrasive
i Bl
Blastt
Keel block area of manual p
paint removal
Rust Bloom
Flash Rust
Manual cut in
area around
keel blocks
Fast RustRust-Back
Not Flash Rust Not Rust Bloom
Test PanelsPanelsSalt Exposure
Salt
Rail Car Side
Black Localized
Cells
Flow Diagrams in Handout
 IS It Flash Rust or Rust Back?
 Is it Rust Bloom?
 What is the sequence in Dry Blast Clean if
rust occurs after initial surface preparation?
 What is the sequence in Waterjet Clean if
rust occurs after initial surface p
preparation?
p
Very Important Summary Note
 Flash Rust is the rust that occurs from the time
the waterjetting process starts to the time the
water used for the waterjetting process dries.
 Rust Back is rust that occurs as a reaction of the
(bare) ferrous substrate with the atmosphere,
especially
espec
a y relative
e at e humidity
u d ty o
or rain.
a
 If you finish waterjetting a surface, the time to
evaluate
l t fl
flash
h rustt iis jjustt after
ft th
the surface
f
dries
di
 If you wait a period of time
time, such as overnight or
a day later, continuing rust is not Flash Rust and
you’ve just complicated the issue to the point of
large potential that your surface will not be in
compliance with the L standard.
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Ch t 3 Standard
Chapter
St d d Ph
Photos
t
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
ALL OF THESE DESCRIPTIONS
CONVERGE on NO FLASH RUST
and THREE LEVELS OF FLASH
RUST.
ALL of the VISUAL GUIDES are
used in the SAME WAY!
Field Examples of “Flash
Flash Rust
Rust”
 SSPC
SSPC--NACE
– Light
– Moderate
– Heavy
ISO
Light
Medium
Heavy
No flash rust
 A steel surface which
which, when viewed without
magnification, exhibits no visible flash rust.
Light Flash Rust L (FR(FR-1)
 When viewed without magnification
magnification, small
quantities of light tan-brown rust will partially
discolour the original metallic surface
surface. This
discoloration may be evenly distributed, or in
patches but it will be tightly adherent and
patches,
will not be heavy enough to easily mark
objects brushed against itit.
 International Paint (1994)
Light Flash Rust
C
WJ 3 L or Wa 2 L
D
WJ 3 L or Wa 2 L
Crater or Pits are the light areas.
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Chapter 4 USE of Guides
Illumination
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Very Important Note
 Flash Rust is the rust that occurs from the time
the waterjetting process starts to the time the
water used for the waterjetting process dries.
 Rust Back is rust that occurs as a reaction of the
(bare) ferrous substrate with the atmosphere,
especially
espec
a y relative
e at e humidity
u d ty o
or rain.
a
 If you finish waterjetting a surface, the time to
evaluate
l t fl
flash
h rustt iis jjustt after
ft th
the surface
f
dries
di
 If you wait a period of time
time, such as overnight or
a day later, continuing rust is not Flash Rust and
you’ve just complicated the issue to the point of
large potential that your surface will not be in
compliance with the L standard.
Very Important Note
 Illumination is a very important factor in
making any quantitative evaluation. Low
light conditions will prevent your ability to
see…..and the chore is to determine if you
can see clean steel through and along with
the flash rust.
 The point here is to observe and determine
if the steel substrate is or is NOT obscured
by the quantity of flash rust.
How to Use the Visual Guides
 All of the visual Guides are used in the
same manner is the visual guides for dry
abrasive blasting.
 Determine the initial condition of the steel
before the flash rust forms.
 Initial condition is illustrated as painted or
unpainted steel.
 Select a photograph that is similar to the
initial
t a co
condition
d t o (G
(Grade
ade C o
or G
Grade
ade D))
Use of Guides (cont)
 Immediately after the cleaning
cleaning, before the
surface has flash rusted, (it might still be
wet) evaluate the degree of Visual
wet),
Cleaning.
Use of Guides (cont)
 Prior to painting
painting, compare the flash
flash--rusted
surface with the flash rust photographs.
 Wipe
Wi or use ttape as a further
f th determination.
d t
i ti
 Prior to painting, the degree of flash rust
must be in accordance with the contract
specifications.
Distance from the surface will affect
judgment.
 If you
you’re
re to far away
away, you won’t
won t be able to see
through the flash rust in order to determine the
difference between “steel substrate mayy be
observed” [Light flash rust] and “obscures the
original steel surface” [Medium flash rust]. Heavy
flash rust simply “hides the initial surface condition
completely” and the determination of Heavy is not
as critical due to rarity that Heavy flash rust is an
acceptable condition for coating.
Very Important Note
 For the purposes of this training
training, and
consistent quality, the Todd Pacific standard
default rule is: To properly evaluate and
inspect waterjetted surfaces with flash rust,
the Inspector will be within touching [by
hand] distance and no more than an arm’s
reach from the surface being evaluated; the
same as the coating’s applicator.
Determine the Condition of Steel
D
Degraded
d dC
Coating
ti
WJ--1,
WJ
1 WJWJ-2
The initial condition
of the steel
is a mix of D and C
Use of Guides (cont)
 Immediately after the cleaning
cleaning, before the
surface has flash rusted, (it might still be
wet) evaluate the degree of Visual
wet),
Cleaning.
 Prior
P i tto painting,
i ti
th
the d
degree off flflash
h rustt
must be in accordance with the contract
specifications.
ifi ti
WJ-3
WJModerate Flash Rust
Initial
2-3 Days Later
Later-- just before painting
Illumination
Reference Document
SSPC Guide 12
Guide
G
id for
f Illumination
Ill i ti off Industrial
I d ti l
Painting Projects
Grade D Light Almost
Perpendicular to surface
Ob i
Obvious
upper contour
t
has
h disappeared
di
d
Light
Source
Grade D Light from Top to
Bottom at 30 Degree Angle
Light
Source
Summary
 Illumination MAKES A DIFFERENCE IN
WHAT THE EYE WILL SEE
 Note
N t the
th color
l off th
the lilight
ht
 Note the intensity of the light
 Note the shadows
 Note the angle of the light
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Ch t 5
Chapter
5-- Videos
Vid
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Time of Wetness is Critical in
formation of Flash Rust
 Hand Held Head with capture of the water with
vacuum.
 Two videos show hand held lance without vacuum
 No Sound
Sound-–
–
–
–
Focus on Ease of Use
Cleanliness of Substrate
Movement of Water
Formation of Flash Rust
 Look at the Water coming out of the defect and
how it affects the substrate.
WaterJet Processes
 OPEN LOOP Without Vacuum
– Typical Hand Lance Jetting Systems
 CLOSED LOOP With Vacuum
V
– Larger Robotic Jetting Systems
 Cleaning on sides of ships, tanks, rail cars, large flat
surfaces
– Smaller handhand-held systems
 Complex structures
Video of System with Vacuum
 Look at Clean Blasting.mpg
Blasting mpg
– Note that there is no flash rust.
– Substrate
S b t t dries
d i quickly.
i kl
– Vaccuum in this particular instance was a
common shop vac
vac.
Video with HandHand-Held Lance
No VacuumVacuum- Open System
 Look at Blast and Dry
Dry.mpg
mpg
– Last areas to dry are the defects, and holes.
 Look
L k att Drying
D i Eff
Effects.mpg
t
– Lapse time 64 seconds. Flash rust at drying
edge
d iinterface
t f
– No defects.
– Note how the water wets the surface
Effects of Contamination Source
 Look at runs.mpg
runs mpg
 Defects
– Note how the water wets the surface.
– The surface to the left has no defects and is
d i d rapidly.
dried
idl
– The area to the right has holes in the rail.
C t i t d water
Contaminated
t continued
ti
d to
t run down
d
th
the
side and quickly formed “heavy” flash rust.
Overall Video
 Look at Flash_rust1.mpg
Flash rust1 mpg
– 6 minutes long
– Combination
C bi ti off good
d and
d contaminated
t i t d
substrate
– Field evaluation by cloth wiping
– Demo of tape test
– Formation
F
ti off Moderate
M d t Flash
Fl h Rust
R t
– Pressure Wash
Detecting Oil and Grease
 Water Break Test
– Water beads up means something is on the
surface
su
ace
Antifouling Removal on Starboard
Sid Ult
Side
UltraSweep
UltraSweep™
S
™ Process
P
Hand-Held
Handlance
Antifouling
g
removal and
automatic spot
blasting of
broken down
epoxy
anticorrosive
Hand-Held Lance removal of Inerta
Handfrom Icebreaker “Polar Star” (1994).
 Every plate had a different appearance
appearance.
Only a small area had enough flash rust to
be of concern.
concern
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Chapter 6
Field Evaluation by Wiping with
Cloth
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Field Evaluation by Wiping
 International Paint
Paint, Hempel
Hempel, NACE
NACE, SSPC
SSPC, and
ISO languages include:
– marking of objects brushed against the surface,
– or sweeping of the surface with light pressure,
– or removal by lightly wiping with a cloth.
 Jotun uses “normal vision”.
p
talk with an
 If there is a doubt about interpretation,
experienced field representative or the technical
support group of the coating to be applied.
Consistency in Method and Routine




Develop a consistent routine
Use consistent materials
Use a consistent viewing angle and lighting
lighting.
Interpretations must have clean agreement
between the coatings manufacturer
manufacturer, person doing
the work (contractor), person accepting the work
((owner),
), and the third party
p y inspector.
p
 Prepare a prepre-start panel and get agreement.
((optional
p
but g
good idea))
Wipe or Sweep with a Cloth
 Light Pressure
 Consistent length of path
 Consistent type of cloth
– Keep your supply of “evaluation” cloth wipes
separate from the bin of everyday cloth wipes.
– Consider using lint
lint--free cloth wipes from
laboratory supply
Hand Wipe with Cloth
Light Flash RustRust- Hand Wipe
15:33:56 2008-06-09
13:17:14 2008-06-09
Hand Wipe
Fingertips
Afternoon 3:30
N
Noon
1
1:30
30
Hand Wipe
p Test
Hand Wipe
Heavy Flash Rust
“Swatch
Swatch Wipe”
Wipe
 Swatch Test Came From Level 3 NACE CIPCIP- with
Surface Technology
 Make a “swatch”
swatch or wad of the cloth
cloth. Add tape to
make a handle.
 Lightly wipe the swatch over the surface.
 Be consistent in type of cloth, path length.
 This avoids the discussion of lightly wiping and
direct placement of the fingers on the substrate.
Get cross
c oss motion
ot o without
t out pressure.
p essu e
Swatch Test
2008--062008
06-10
8:00 AM
Compare two types of cloth
I this
In
thi fi
field
ld example,
l we gott th
the same results.
lt
Brush Wipe
If there is a doubt about interpretation,
talk with an experienced field
representative or the technical support
group of the coating to be applied.
Sweep the surface with a Cloth
wrapped around a brush
 Light Pressure
 Consistent length of path
 Consistent type of cloth
 BE CONSISTENT!!
Todd Pacific
Brush Wipe Procedure
 Standard cloth is cheesecloth
cheesecloth. It is available
in every store.
 Use
U a standard
t d db
brush.
h
 Define the amount of pressure
– Brush as if painting a door
door-- lightly down
 Define the amount of contact.
– 2 inches (5 cm)
Consistent Brush
Brush as if painting a door
Brush
2008--062008
06-11
Section
Wh
Where
Light,
Li ht
moderate, and
heavy flash rust
had formed.
Light Moderate Heavy
Brush
Light Moderate Heavy
Swatch Wipe Brush
2008--062008
06-09 Light
Fi
Finger
Tips
Ti
Heavy
Swatch Brush Wipe
Summary
 Wipe Swatch Brush
 All three methods are lead to same
conclusions.
l i
 Be Consistent
– Cloth
– Pressure
– Length of wipe
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Chapter 7
Tape
T
Test
T t
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Hempel Tape Test
This is a variation of the ISO 85028502-3
assessment of dust with pressure
sensitive tape.
Be consistent in the type of tape.
Be consistent in the pressure placed
on the
th ttape.
Light Moderate Heavy
Tape-- Moderate Heavy
Tape
Moderate Area
2008--062008
06-09
Heavy Area
2008--06
2008
06--09
Tape Test after Pressure Washing
Start Tape pulls 11:06:15
Heavy Area After Pressure Wash
There was no dust on the tapes
Finally the last tape
Tape Page
of Heavy Rust
and stained
area
After Pressure
W hi
Washing.
This is No
Flash Rust.
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Chapter 8
Summary
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Evaluation
 ALL GUIDES LEAD TO THE SAME
CONCLUSIONS and EVALUATIONS.
 The methods to evaluate Flash Rust are
Subjective.
– Visual Appearance and
– Assessment
A
t off amountt off Loose
L
Dust
D t




Hand Wipe
Hand Swatch
Brush
Tape
Summary
 Based on the subjective methods
methods, Flash
Rust is classified as
– None
– Light
– Moderate
– Heavy
 With practice, the subjective methods work
well.
 GO OUT and GIVE it a TRY!
Summary
 The subjective methods of
 Examining in good lighting conditions
 And
 Performing a wipe or brush or tape test
work well in the shipyards.
Contact Information




Lydia Frenzel, Ph.D.
[email protected]
Tel--Fax:+1 800Tel
800-308308-7416
Tel: +1 512512-392392-2210
 On
On--Site training is available
available.
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Optional Chapter
C t l and
Control
d Miti
Mitigation
ti off
Flash Rust
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
Field Experience
How Todd Pacific Approaches InInHouse Training
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008
How to Inspect Flash Rust
Optional Chapter
F t
Future
Determinations
D t
i ti
Digital
g
Camera
Training Manual
National Shipbuilding Research
Program 2008