1. business and industrial
2. agriculture and forestry
3. crops and seed

How
to
Fertilize, Spray
Grow,
them
Harvest
By
Formerly
of the
Department
Crop
Money
A
POTATOES:
GEORGE
at
a
Profit
B.
LEAVENS.
D.
of Fertilizers, Massachusetts
and
S.
AgriculturalExperiment
CONTAINING
The
of
Story
Profitable
A
B. H.
By
Aroostook
Published
by
The
County,
Coe-Mortimer
Maine
Company,
1914
COE-MORTIMER
New
Crop
WARD
Copyright
THE
Potato
CO.
York
New
York
Station
So
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiii
iniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiimi"
liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
POTATOES:
How
Grow,
to
iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiNiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
D.
By George
at
Profit.
a
Lea.vens,
MANY
FARMS
potatoes
them
Harvest
Fertilize,
Spray and
N
CROP.
MONEY
A
throughout the
the
are
properlyraised
chief
country,
and
crop,
only
not
are
money
a
of
source
themselves, but also improve the land for
that
profit
crops
follow.
to
are
if
of our
great value of the potato as one
staple articles of food, makes economical duction
proof extreme
importance.
The
In preparing this booklet, itis not
er's purpose
to
over-burden potato
It is
advice.
superfluous
for the friends and
Mortimer
writer's
farm
Company
and
in
for fertilizer users
of prominent growers
in various
many
his observation
the results of
growers
rather
results of
of
years
of
to
with
marize
sum-
of the Coe-
customers
general,the
experience in raisingpotatoes covering
own
life, togetherwith
hoped
the vv^rit-
the
practical
the best practice
sections.
SOILS.
Potatoes
to
lightloam.
on
lightand
will succeed
on
variety of soils,doing best
a
potatoes, provided that such soils are
It is, however, useless to attempt
heavy and
ill-drained soils.
for potato growing by
in of green
crops.
In generalheavy
soggy,
a
medium
a
Such
well drained.
to
grow
potatoes
soils,however,
thorough
may
at
of drainage and
system
a
profiton
be rendered
wet,
suitable
ing
subsequentplow-
clay soils are unsuitable for potatoes, the tubers being
poorly shaped, and subjectto rot.
soils; that is land
Potatoes as a rule give the largestyieldsupon
new
just taken
up
from
grass
or
clover.
on
This
the sod
heavy soils where
of
be preceded by a crop
as
may
on
Early crops of potatoes are, however, raised at a great profit
of late
sandy"soils,while heavy soils will give profitable
crops
corn.
is
is
not
true
ever,
of all conditions, how-
extremelytough, the
potato
crop
POTATOES:
is
well
too
than
known
of
some
branded
the
red
they
varieties
(which
still raised
are
Though
often
are
their best
at
early variety, and
standard
particular description.
need
cheaper
Rose)
Early
as
to
the
CROP
still remains
Rose
Early
Genuine
The
MONEY
A
costing
more
and
substituted
throughout
Northern
,
Aroostook
more
that,
yield, and
three
Ohio
also
consecutive
(By
early
Experiment
1 50
among
among
enough,
strangely
recently introduced
The
record
and
County,
sorts
the
red
superseding
tested,
it
was
number
No.
among
which
1 74,
ten
gave
gives the
which
the
gave
heaviest
seasons.
courtesy
of
the
E.
of
some
the
sorts.
Bulletin,
Station
same
fast
are
L.
Cleveland
Co.,
Houlton,
Me.)
remarkable
the
heaviest
yield
for
OF
PLACE
THE
place of the
The
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
THE
POTATO
OF
ROTATION.
potato
CROP
CROP
of rotation
in system
crop
IN
SYSTEM
depends
in
large
a
As
the practice of the grower.
measure
upon
of
should
precede
corn
already indicated, if the land is in a heavy sod, a crop
consists
On
the other hand, if the sod is lightor
of potatoes.
the crop
of the soil and
the character
in the fall,and
largely of clover, it should be plowed under
planted the following spring.
The
that is followed
rotation
following: Potatoes,
is the
England
the
In this case
by
corn,
is seeded in the
grass
corn
and
it is the
grass.
than
in this section
the
oat
to
not
potatoes
and
is
grass
two
years.
rich,
of the
States, because
United
this
clover.
a
seeding to oats
a
generallysuccessful
with
more
the
reason
grass
young
deprived of the shade
shrivelled when
and
clover, for
New
in
potatoes, rye and
soil is in general
follow
oats
that prevail. For
summers
burned
corn,
the
in northeastern
elsewhere
comparativelycool
plants are
custom
spring seedingto
The
farmers
crop
the time of the last cultivation.
is
very
gravellyloam,
and
grass,
at
England
good rotation in New
In Aroostook
County, Maine, where
Another
successful
many
the potato
given by
crop.
favorite rotation with New
The
the stable
Jersey farmers, is corn,
which
upon
all
produced upon the farm is used, potatoes, upon which a
high-gradefertilizersis used, followed by wheat, seeded
manure
of
large application
timothy. The
with clover and
plowed
for
up
It is evident
England
are
to
states,
early enough
and
the wheat
for
in grass
two
and
years
successful in the
York,
New
afford sufficienttime
to
This
grass.
be
not
Northern
and
in Central
nor
kept
would
that this rotation
harvested
not
is
then
more.
once
corn
land
rotation
is, however,
an
New
the potatoes
as
seeding
for proper
excellent
one
for
Pennsylvania.
Market
of
seems
gardeners
Long Island
on
but raise potatoes
crops,
suitable to them.
littleattention
pay
after turnips,or
OF
PREPARATION
any
THE
to
the rotation
garden
market
crop
that
SOIL.
Fall plowing is generallybest for medium
to heavy soils that have
a
and
dried
soils
to
while
for
that
out
subject
are
light
easily
are
tough sod,
careful grower
be preferable. The
spring plowing may
drought in summer,
conditions.
for
his
will readilydetermine which
is the proper
practice
better. In
inches deep is much
Plow
at least eightinches deep; ten
cases
many
it will be
advantage
an
to
follow
soil
the turning plow with a subsubsoil
itself.
of
the
any
plow, but it is not desirable to turn up
Harrow
thoroughly in order that all old growth
killed
the
cut
out
and
that the
plantingof the
seven
Harrowing with
crop.
if
a
may
The
crop.
inches down
for the potato
soil
may
be
thoroughly mellowed
up
should be arranged so
harrow
be
completely
previous
to
that it will
possible.
heavy
cutaway
disk harrow
It is the practice of
some
fits the land
growers
to
admirably
level the fields
POTATOES:
NEW
EARLY
A
of
and
in
high
excellent,
fine
CROP
QUEEN
popular early variety, closely resembling
very
Hebron;
Under
MONEY
A
the
fact,
requiring
cultivation
flesh
flavor
Regarded
so
as
(By
being
a
much
to
one
courtesy
of
are
white,
pure
be
the
of
very
the
desired
best
very
E.
L.
determine
to
expert
an
there
few
small
and
in
for
Cleveland
of
a
hotel
Co.,
one
from
In
ones.
Beauty
the
other.
quality
sparkling mealy
that
table
the
its parent,
texture
Potato.
and
high-class
Houlton,
Me.)
it is
trade.
A^
POTATOES:
before planting by
of
means
CROP
MONEY
spike tooth harrow, but this is
a
absolutely
not
essential.
preparation of the soil is extremelyimportant, as
Thorough
prepares
vigorously,and
plantsstart
If the
is
crop
to
be
to
profitable
them
spread
it extremely
sun
prevents
OF
PREPARATION
and
in
then
also
great
a
the seed
in
out
the writer has
one,
found
formalin, dry in the
three to five weeks
with
potatoes
loft for from
warm
a
PLANTING.
FOR
early
exceptionally
treat
that
so
the wasteful loss of
measure
SEED
THE
an
the soil
warms
only
not
the surface.
by evaporation from
soil moisture
but
for the crop,
seed bed
proper
a
it
previous to planting.
By this means
stout
the potatoes
which will
sprouts,
green
thoroughlywarmed, and
become
not
short,
start
off in the cuttingof the seed
while
is well worth
extra
care
be rubbed
handled
if the potatoes
carefully.This
are
when
is planted for extra
of
the
early market.
portion
a
potato crop
The
seed potatoes for the main
rarely if ever
are
put through
crop
referred to.
the sproutingprocess
However, whether for early crop or main
should
the seed potatoes
crop,
of "scab"
Soak
the formalin treatment
receive
as
the potatoes for two
hours in
(formaldehyde),in 30 gallonsof water.
drug
be soaked
in the solution mentioned
trouble.
little
very
after which
should
should
the
"scab,"
undone.
When
be
taken, however,
and
the effects of
following method may
buildingis provided and
shallow
and
a
ounces
shallow
formalin
do
not
over
open
The
and
this
its
The
above,
to
two
any
place to dry,
sunny
of
kills the germs
For
the
the treated seed potatoes
bins.
scabby
will be
treatment
to
seed
Procure
a
in
treated, the
A
tightroom
placed
are
quantity of
(formaldehyde), the
of
large measure
be
to
are
carload.
potatoes
a
a
potatoes.
the germs
re-infected with
quantitiesup
in
pan
pail,placed
or
the permanganate
again for from
to
a
dish
every
in
cubic
in the center
48
to
pan
of the
in bushel
potassium permanganate
ously
previsame
as
in the
killingthe "scab"
that has
to
a
room
and
room,
room
or
pour
the
immediately and
hours.
drives the formalin
crevice
precautions are
or
feet in the
quickly. Close the
24
permanganate
penetrates
necessary
1 ,000
each
work
disinfecting
use
put
previouslycontained
quantity of formalin
potassium
gas
to
not
in this the
slat-work
to.
the formalin.
a
at
the potatoes may
bushel sacks with
building.
of the potassium permanganate
and 3 pints (3 pounds) of
the bottom
Spread the potassium permanganate
evenly over
referred
of
in
up
large quantitiesof seed potatoes
very
or
23
or
in
the treated seed will become
be used
allow
tanks
then be
barrels that have
or
If this is done,
or
tied
while
be obtained
may
"scab."
bags, boxes
crates
Formalin
pound of formalin
one
a
They
spread out
they are ready for cutting. This treatment
the potato
Care
into
solution of
a
by using large half hogsheads
and
store,
for prevention
folloVPs:
observe
wide
gas
and
room,
out
of the solution
everywhere
cises
exer-
germs.
the
bottom,
to
proportions mentioned
be
sure
that the sides
POTATOES:
of the dish
placingthe dish
to
treated.
be
The
money
A
germs
will of
above
course
in the soil
already present
are
be overemphasized.
importance of plantingon clean land cannot
complete descriptionof the potato scab will be found
planted. The
be
if the scab
wasted
scab described
for potato
treatment
preventive
be time and
to
pan
or
CROP
high to prevent boilingover, and to avoid
sufficiently
under any
boxes or trays containing
potatoes
directly
are
pan
or
MONEY
A
more
and
in the discussion of the "Enemies
Diseases
later in this
of the Potato,"
booklet.
CUTTING
There
been
has
cuttingseed potatoes, and
be
may
about
cut
two
to
eyes
they should be
of
ing
accord-
cut
that potatoes
provided that the pieces average
piece includes a good
way,
any
ways
provided that each
piece, and
a
various
Practical experience shows, however,
rapidlyin almost
very
said about
insistthat
growers
many
methods.
certain
to
written and
deal
great
a
POTATOES.
SEED
portion of the flesh of the potato.
plant draws its food from the cuttinguntil the roots
nourishment from the soil;hence
to begin to take up
develop sufficiently
can
of flesh with each cutting.
the importance of having a good amount
the cuttingsshould be dusted
the potatoes are
fast as
As
cut
up,
flowers of sulphur (finely
fine
land
with
either
plaster
or
ground
thoroughly
both.
The plasterkeeps the cut pieces
powdered sulphur),or a mixture of
be kept for a considerable time before planting
from wiltingand they may
without suffering
damage. The sulphur is regarded by many
growers
any
In the lightof recent
additional protectionagainst "scab."
tions
investigaas
an
of sulphur utilized by growing plants,it
concerning the large amount
is not
improbable and is, in fact, quite likely,that sulphur thus used may
of plant food.
direct value as a source
be of some
and all potatoes showing signsof disease
Discard for seed purposes
any
The
of any
used on
potato
young
Do
sort.
not
potatoes with a knife that has been
first washing the knife thoroughly in a
sound
seed
potatoes without
formahn.
diseased
solution of
strong
cut
PLANTING.
The
of
one
two
Planting.
used
be
furrowed
in
out
rows
carefullymixed
The
seed
hoes,
by
or
Planting
economical
to
planted in
be
may
use
gardens or
horse
then be
The
hoe.
fields.
small
the
of
may
land
The
fertilizer spread
a
hoe
dropped by hand
potatoes
should
and
expensive process
and
then be
or
bush.
from
ten
to
m
may
the
twelve
covered, either by
Second:
large fields,it is decidedly more
In fact, growing on
tensive
expotato plantingmachines.
any
with
scale is
slow
a
three feet apart and
with the soil by means
furrow.
a
is
in home
pieces should
in the
inches apart
hand
This
only for work
be
crop
First:
ways.
Hand
furrows
deeply pulverized,the
soil having been
Machines.
impossiblewithout
On
them.
The
machine
opens
the
furrow,
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
drops the seed, and appliesthe fertihzer mixed thoroughly with the soil,
the field.
all as fast as a pair of horses will walk across
the
Further, in plantingby machine,
spacing of the seed in the furrow
be applied
of fertilizer
is very
amount
can
easilyregulated,and the proper
labor
in
the
far
is
Hand
to
growing
too
by changing
use
costly
gauge.
a
potato
use
any
when
Deep
How
should
a
commercial
Shall
soil.
not
to
necessary
picking up the potatoes
is generallyconsidered a good day's work
acres
Plant?
We
If the potatoes
deep
planted so
scale it is
that of
as
The
depth of plantingdepends
extra
early crop, they
main
if intended for the
Early
crop.
the lower layers
not
thoroughlywarmed
intended for
are
the sun's rays have
The
layers, therefore,
upper
season,
the
the
be
not
in the
on
in the field,other than
several factors.
of
working
in
labor
digging. Five to six
plantingby machine.
after
on
and
crop,
hand
suitable for forcing
more
are
early crop.
planted at
depth of from three to
the
The
five inches.
on
depth of plantingdepends also in a great measure
New
character of the soil. On
soils
and
in
on
Jersey
lightsandy
warm,
Long Island (or in similar soils elsewhere),deep plantingis desirable. The
York
of medium
loams in Pennsylvania,New
is true
to lightpotato
same
State and New
England in general,except Aroostook
County, Maine.
In Aroostook
County, Maine, plantingis comparativelyshallow near
the soil is hilled up till
surface of the soil. As the plantsgrow,
the warm
the lightsoils insures
m
ade.
is
Deep
planting
on
ridge
finally
a
high
very
supply of moisture during hot, dry weather, and in generaldeep planting
a
have mentioned.
with the exceptionsthat we
is to be strongly
preferred,
We
the practice
How
Far
Shall
Plant?
Until
Apart
recently,
The
was
to
inches
land
main
plant
in
utilized
row.
to
be
may
a
inches apart, with the seed pieces from 12 to 15
When
planted at these distances,however, the
36
rows
in the
apart
is not
however,
crop,
the best
advantage for the productionof
a
maximum
crop.
Further,
over-sized.
and
potatoes
unmarketable
many
The
market
too
largeare
potatoes
demands
potatoes
objectionable
as
as
the best practice now
the potato pieces in the
Therefore
and
drop
to
are
of
is
row
to
moderate
a
potatoes
are
space
from
due
grown,
9
the
to
rows
that
uniform
are
32
uniform
Many
from
and
1 50
of
to
size of the potatoes.
best commercial
potato
the
200
bushels
small.
inches apart
inches apart.
This,
1 6 to 17 bushels per
requires a largerquantity of seed (about
course,
than paid for in the greatly increased
acre), but this is more
more
too
size
10
of
the
being
their
to
and
growers
crop
and
in
consider that it takes
of potatoes to pay
the cost of raisingthe crop
from the crop
in excess
of these amounts,
that the profitis derived
CULTIVATION.
The
loose and
objectsof cultivation
are
twofold.
First,
to
keep the seed bed
for the growing crop, and second, to
weeds which, if unchecked, choke out the potatoes and rob them
The
followingis a method of cultivation applicableto average
retain moisture
destroy the
of fertility.
conditions
POTATOES:
10
COBBLER
IRISH
The
of
the
most
and
color,
It
the
is
Irish
a
best
Cobbler
popular,
of
excellent
vigorous
early
the
reliable, and
most
It is of
varieties.
quality, making
it
potato
of
the
now
E.
on
L.
the
Cleveland
and
a
fast
becoming
handsome
desirable
most
ripens uniformly,
early
courtesy
of
one
the
grower,
all-round,
(By
is
of
CROP
MONEY
A
for
the
best
good
keeper;
Houllon,
Me.)
market.
Co.,
one
cream-white
in
trade.
short,
POTATOES:
MONEY
A
deep planting is practised. The
where
after planting,the field should be
kills the early crop
weeder
which
Soon
harrow
or
mulch
surface
has
writer
found
this method
to
be
profitable:
and
convenient
CROP
loose
of
Cultivation
soil.
with
spike tooth
good
a
kept up regularly
over
gone
of weeds
should
and
be
a
makes
blossom.
The
until the vines
to
commence
throughout the growing season,
weeds
and
cultivation
should
should
then
be
free
from
cease.
entirely
ground
excellent implement for the cultivation of potatoes
weeder
The
is an
Later cultivation may
be carried on
small.
while the vines are
by means
of the riding cultivator, or
of an
ordinary walking cultivator, by means
Horse
Prout's
with
Hoe,
often
a
broad
low
For
see.
hillingup.
ridge of soil which
under
than the sharp pointed narrow
large fields,the riding cultivator
is practically
necessity.
a
Cultivation
shallow,
bush
of cultivation is followed.
different method
a
(Also suitable for extra
County, where planting is relatively
County.
Aroostook
in
elsewhere.) In Aroostook
earl^ potatoes
or
up
first-classtool for
a
is far better for potatoes
general conditions
we
is
throws
Prout's horse hoe
ridge which
which
harrow
is used
level down
to
Sometimes
left in
the earth
a
weeder
the
ridges over
it destroys small weeds
two
first,
by the planter.This serves
purposes;
the
it
second,
soil;
brings the sunlightand air
pulverizes
this step in the cultivation
to the seed pieces. Frequently,however,
rows,
and
levels and
nearer
is omitted.
Whether
custom
the step described
completely bury
to
above
the
up
through the surface of the soil.
practisedor
plants as
is
young
This
burying
up
not, it is the
soon
general
they break
as
is
process
one
that is
Aroostook
practisedalmost exclusivelyin the State of Maine, and especially
in
be clearly
that
the
As
the
rows
plants are up so
County.
soon
as
may
young
the horse hoes
seen,
rapidly
as
This
should
the
burying
up
carried
process
on
as
possible.
is the proper
be
one
time
desired.
the disc
make
a
secondary applicationof fertilizer
instead of
case,
be used,
can
and
covers
Whichever
to
In this
planting machine
potato
on
started and
are
using the horse hoe, the
taking off both the plows, but leaving
the fertilizerattachment.
is used
for this work, the horse hoe or the potato planting
machine, the hills should be broad and low, and the plants should be covered
with about two
three
fine
mellow
inches
of
earth.
vation
cultito
Subsequent
is given with riding cultivators until the last and
final cultivation,
the
about
bloom.
At
into
this cultivation,
to
just
plants
as
are
come
given
the earth should be thrown up into high ridges with the horse hoe.
FERTILIZATION.
The
potato
is
not
a
good "hustler" for
is relatively
restricted,and
available forms,
One
is Dr.
G.
potatoes:
as
well
therefore the
as
in
of the best known
M.
Twitchell.
great
crop
Its root system
plant food.
food
extremely^
plant
in
requires
its
abundance.
authorities
agricultural
He
writes
as
follows
in the State
in regard
to
of Maine,
fertilizersfor
POTATOES:
12
BAGLEY,
ENSIGN
One
to
oblong
cropper;
handsomest
of
the
in
shape, and
smooth
and
not
MONEY
A
in
or
white
WHITE
ROSE
early varieties
quality all that
susceptible
CROP
to
can
disease.
the
on
be
In
desired.
good
Round
market.
An
demand
excellent
for
market
use.
In
earliness
they
compare
courtesy
of
with
early Harvest,
Early
Rose
Queens.
(By
the
E.
L.
Cleveland
Co.,
Houlton,
Me.)
and
New
POTATOES:
"One
ton
the
at
broadcast
the
to
MONEY
A
general rule
is the
acre
CROP
last harrowing, one-fourth
old land.
on
the
in
13
One-half
planter, and
cast
broad-
the remainder
break the ground.
the potatoes
No
afford to
as
can
man
l:ave bis potato roots search for food.
It may
require the ton to grow
not
300 bushels of potatoes, but much less will fail to do the work desired, because
just
the supply in, through and
Farmer,
1500
successful
800
In
localities where
development on
pounds
of
growing has not reached
find only from 500
scale, we
to
potato
commercial
a
fertilizer being used,
through
article written
Voorhees, contained in an
especial interest. Professor Voorhees
was
this country
of the
the Director
as
of the New
Professor Voorhees
said In
Yields
Average
largely
the
to
plant food,
are
Due
and
righttime,
because
properly adjusted
best
in respect
be
{American Fertilizer,
^"xc\\%,
STABLE
MANURE
Not
of the potato scab.
the careful grower
It may
This
must
is
not
The
case.
from
his
to
The
commercial
the
is
manure
best
crops
of
and
Fertilizers.
less and
or
as
they
may
of
sufficiency
to
The
1 50
more,
or
fertilizers;
even
contain
enough
commercial
the
right kind
neither sufficient in
our
total
at
quantity
the
nor
the requirements in the
artificial supplies or
fertilizers."
to
meet
FOR
by
POTATOES.
Voorhees,
the
encourages
but
it is also
development and
of the diseases of the crop
one
balanced
provides a badly
manure
Professor
growth
against which
readers that since the writer is
our
is
prejudicedagainst stable
strongly advocates
writer
cabbages, mangels,
experience and
own
that stable
corn,
farmers
constantlyguard.
possiblyoccur
especiallyupon
of
are
stable
that
true
in the fertilizer business, he
the
bushels
UNSUITABLE
only is it
the
to
1913.)
for potatoes,
mentioned
as
that the use
of stable manure
true
a
had
ration
of
70
plant food
to
known
well
Commercial
to
manures
must
recourse
manner,
yard
B.
Edward
shortly before his death, have
condition, while
supplied with
not
late Professor
Fertilizer Magazine:
mtelligent use
best soils in their natural
more.
of the world.
of the difference in yield between
cause
the part
on
article entitled "Fertilizers for Potatoes"
an
for the American
prepared especially
"High
idea
Jersey Experiment Station,
leading fertilizerauthorities
one
mistaken
a
of the growers
that they "cannot afford" to use
In this connection, the statements
of the
1? due
{Pennsylvania
fact that the most
successful potato growers,
whether
significant
New
Island,
Massachusetts
Jersey,
Long
elsewhere, are using
or
of the highest grades of potato
ton
pounds to one
acre
per
fertilizersobtainable.
a
abundant."
not
a
in Maine,
from
the hill is
17, 1913.)
May
It is
about
from
fertilizers. In
the
most
use
on
are
this connection. Professor
Pennsylvania Agricultural College,
Agricultural College, writes as follows:
and
but
crops;
the farms
is
manure,
has
found
of others,
potatoes.
upon
profitable
crops
Such
stable
of
use
other
his observation
entirelyunsuitable for
and
and
the
engaged
now
manure.
now
high-grade
Agee, formerly
raised
Alva
of
the
on
New
Jersey
Use
"The
Manure.
of
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
14
market
The
wants
potato that is clean
is one
of the grower's
a
and the disease known
as
in appearance,
potato scab
infection occurs
in ground that
if
It develops rapidly
enemies.
worst
any
for its
is a good medium
Fresh stable manure
has been heavily manured.
after
This
plant
is
corn,
why some
increase.
potatoes
one
reason
growers
rottingthe manure
the ground is kept sufficiently
It is a good rotation wherever
and the sod.
and
Farmer,
16, 1912.)
May
fertile." (National Stockman
applyingmanure
then
the sod and
on
spendingone
in
year
of scab have already
Directions for treatingseed potatoes for prevention
discussion of "Preparation of the Seed for Planting."
been given in our
This
subject concerning which there has been
times in the agricultural
journals. The
at various
years' experience as a practicalfarmer, and
many
question opens
up
considerable controversy
writer's reply,based on
as
fertilizer manufacturer,
a
FERTILIZERS?
MIXED
READY
OR
MIXED
HOME
USE:
WE
SHALL
WHICH
a
is this:
prepared by firstclass reputable
ready mixed, high grade fertilizers
which have no
fertilizers
low
special
grade
companies; but avoid cheap and
Use
fitness for the potato crop.
Lest it appear
that the writer is
we
wish
present the opinions of
Me., who
to
a
is
Rogers of Brunswick,
this subject,
disinterestedparty, namely, Mr. E. A.
prejudicedor
biased
practicalpotato
a
on
on
grower
large
a
is so well recognized as
authority on potato growing,
an
sylvania
that in 19 10 he prepared a specialbulletin on potato culture, for the PennState Department of Agriculture. Mr. Rogers' opinions,therefore,
scale and
carry
who
who
the ideas of thoroughlypractical
weight as representing
potato
engaged in this business on a large commercial scale:
are
"There
is
quite
fad
a
in
sections among
some
potato
growers
to
growers
buy
and mix their own
fertilizer;
claiminga great saving in cost.
some
making this claim are almost invariablythose who have been buying
for them than the
and paying much
the cheaper brands of fertilizers,
more
goods of the same
analysis
Again, home-mixed
analysiswould warrant.
seldom give as good results in the fieldas do those mixed by the manufacturer.
"For
instance, a farmer
buying chemicals in comparatively small
chemicals
Those
has
who
gets his material
seldom
amounts,
on
buys chemicals
nitrate of soda
In
hand.
seldom
the
gets
in
as
many
different forms
the
as
facturer
manu-
nitrogen, for example, the grower
his nitrogen from but two
usually
sources,
of
case
tankage, while the fertilizermanufacturer, having other
and
of these,
out
readily at hand, makes up part of the nitrogencontent
much
the
to giving
thereby coming
nearer
growing crop a steady,moderate
through.
supply the season
"Then
again, a well-equippedfactory will get the materials better
The
home
than the home
mixer.
mixed and in a more
mixing
even
manner
sources
fad seldom
percentage
is
so
state,
small
grows
lives but
of home
as
to
a
few
mixed
years
in
a
place,and it is safe to
by the potato growers
hardly be reckoned with.
its potatoes
say
fertilizerused
on
commercial
Maine,
and
fertilizer,
more
had
than
that the
of
Maine
any
there been
other
any
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
15
would
mixing, the Maine
potato grower
safest
The
idea
mixing
ago.
way
years
buying of reliable firms."
high-grade fertilizer,
been
have
great gain in heme
the fore in the home
is
at
get the
to
the potato growers
in Long Island,
prevailamong
is
wherever
mercial
managed on a comJersey and practically
potato growing
The
New
conditions
same
scale.
FERTILIZER.
THE
APPLYING
leading
the
If
fertilizer.
ton
acre
to
a
applying
growers
one-half
last
the
authorities recommend
is to be used, some
at
broadcasting
harrowing,and puttingin the other half (i.e. 1,000 pounds) with the potato
planter.
There
is considerable
the best methods
to
as
The
difference of
writer's
opinion
of
experiencehas been that
own
different
amongst
it is better to
1 ,200
from
use
in the planter,
and then to apply
of the fertilizer
pounds per acre
the
500
be, as
supplementaryapplication
case
pounds,
or
may
this supThe
make
well up.
convenient way
after the plantsare
to
most
plementary
the
with
i
s
with
the
machine,
planting
plows
application
potato
1,500
to
800
removed
described
as
In
it
possiblythe
fertilizerundesirable.
practice. Most
spreadingroot
"Cultivation
under
the restricted
of
view
considers
a
as
of
crops
that
systems,
Aroostook
County."
general,broadcastingof fertilizeris
In
of the
crop
one
in
of the potato plant,the writer
system
he thinks broadcastingof the
in which
root
northeastern
our
United
excellent
an
States
such
have
broadcastingof the fertilizerinvolves
waste
no
of plant food.
MAKE
WHY
LARGE
APPLICATIONS
OF
FERTILIZER?
We
quote
once
Director Voorhees,
"It is asked
200
from
more
in
answer
make
why
bushels, for surelya part
the
one
reason,
to
large
at
right amount
are
take
times
when
up
food.
the land
There
so
conditions
in
are
a
therefore
not
are
seasons
are
an
excess
must
full crop."
thus make
it
variable
That
always provided.
potato stops growing
permitted
it is
to
too
feed
be provided
starving condition (due to any one
again favorable, to gather food much
conditions and
a
dry that the
so
that
is
is not
to
is, there
it
"
the
"
cannot
cold, other times
too
continuously. If just
appliedto meet actual demands
be perfect. [To insure success.]They
must
perfect,and
are
other times when
are
that the plants
enough fertilizerhas been
wet,
if we
to
application
are
get only
removed
is taken from
fertility
reasons
why this is the best
many
an
at,
moisture
is
prepared by the late
least of the
already hinted
of heat and
able article
so
the suppliesof the soil itself? There
plan;
very
this question.
for the total crop,
seldom, if ever,
are
enable
the
plant when
of these causes), when
conditions
faster than it would
under normal
possiblefor it to catch
up
(American FertilizerMagazine, March
and
in the end
8, 1913.)
make
POTATOES:
BLISS
This
and
years,
and
is
now
Southwestern
quickly.
and
of
known,
on
variety has
the
Tlie
a
and
most
it
a
are
front
It is
round
very
seed
rapidly within
varieties shipped
of the earliest kinds
one
and
uniform
color.
is not susceptible
to rot, scab
land without
heavily manured
very
BLISS
RED
or
the standard
beautiful bright red
Its great
makes
states.
the
to
of
one
tubers
TRIUMPHS,
come
CROP
MONEY
A
in
It is
grown,
shape, eyes
one
of
the
danger of
to
the
and
South
matures
depressed,
slightly
hardiest
disease; in fact, it
or
last few
the
can
varieties
be grown
rot.
resistance
disease,
color, and
to
productiveness,handsome
popular Potato and one especiallysuited to Southern shippers.
(By
courtesy
of
fhe E.
L.
Cleveland
Co., Houlton,
Me.)
POTATOES:
E.
MONEY
A
Coe's
Frank
CROP
Potato
Standard
GUARANTEED
Fertilizer.
Per Cent.
ANALYSIS.
Nitrogen
Equal
Ammonia
to
Available
Phosphoric Acid
PhosphoricAcid
Total
Potash
brand
This
the brands
in order
carry
(Actual)
to
more
is manufactured
the
from
to
4.00
to
4.11
5.00
6.00
to
8.00
7.00
to
10.00
10.00
to
1 1.00
high-grade materials
same
of E.
the manufacturers
for the potato
is wise economy
the fertilizer for his crop.
E.
Frank
to
grower
Red
Coe's
Frank
Coe
Fertilizersconsider that it
consider these facts in selecting
Brand
GUARANTEED
Excelsior
Guano.
Per Cent.
ANALYSIS.
3.29
to
4.00
to
5.00
Available
8.00
to
9.00
Total
9.00
to
12.00
7.00
to
8.00
Nitrogen
Equal
to
Ammonia
PhosphoricAcid
PhosphoricAcid
Potash
One
as
different
previouslymentioned, but the proportions are somewhat
brand
soils
of
heavier
Such
in
soils
this
to
adapt
general
a
type.
phosphoric acid than do the lightjX)tato
nitrogen and more
loams, and
(Actual)
of
the
manufactured
first fertilizers ever
Red
Coe's
market
Brand
Excelsior
gardening was
has held a leadingpositionas the standard by which
are
3.29
4.1 1
for potatoes
For
and
Guano.
other potato
years
for
it
fertilizers
measured.
formula has been slightly
modified to include certain
While the original
quick acting ammoniates, the features that for years have given this brand
peculiar and superior character have been carefullyretained.
a
It is adapted to practically
all average
soil conditions, except that on
should
be
soils
sandy
given to E. Frank Coe's Blood, Bone
preference
very
Potash.
and
Where
per
there is
marked
a
deficiencyin potash
E.
Frank
Coe's
Excelsior
carrying ten
Fertilizer.
Potato
GUARANTEED
Per Cent.
ANALYSIS.
Nitrogen
Equal
to
Available
Total
E.
Ammonia
Phosphoric Acid
PhosphoricAcid
Potash
(Actual)
Frank
Coe's
High
Potato
Grade
GUARANTEED
Equal
to
2.47
to
3.29
3.00
to
4.00
7.00
to
9.00
8.00
to
1 1 .00
8.00
to
9.00
Fertilizer.
Per Cent.
ANALYSIS.
Nitrogen
Ammonia
2.47
to
3.29
3.00
to
4.00
Available
8.00
to
10.00
Total
9.00
to
12.00
6.00
to
7.00
Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Potash
These
is
brands
of this element.
cent,
there
use
a
(Actual)
brands
are
considerable
intended
percentage
for
use
of
upon
clay.
stillheavier
Such
soils
soils,in which
naturallycontain
POTATOES:
of Potash
high percentages
rather
feed the crop
to
of the soil,when
course
A
MONEY
and
while
rather than
to
CROP
19
the object of fertihzation is of
istics
feed the soil, the natural character-
pronounced, should
be taken
into consideration.
of clay, such as
high amount
heavy soils containing relatively
a
Massachusetts
underlaid
of the heavy loams in
by clay subsoil, these
some
brands give extremelygood results. They are prepared from the best ingredients
intended.
for
the
and
obtainable,
correctlyproportioned
are
purposes
On
E.
Frank
Extra
Coe's
Potato
Special
Fertilizer
Grower.
Fruit
GUARANTEED
Per Cent.
ANALYSIS.
1.65
to
2.47
2.00
to
3.00
Available
8.00
to
10.00
Total
9.00
to
12.00
10.00
to
11 .00
Nitrogen
Equal
While
Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
(Actual)
do
we
for potatoes
times
recognize the fact that there are some-
the
recommend
not
previouslydescribed,we
reasons
when
occasions
arise when
a
obtainable
at
under
Ammonia
to
Potash
for
its use
a
very
may
low
cost,
of
use
and
stable
manure
imperative. Such
be almost
of stable
large amount
produced on
the only
are
practically
is
manure
potatoes
occasions
the farm,
may
is
or
crop
cultivation.
To
these conditions, and
meet
where
The
percentage of ammonia
extremely available forms so
also
to
meet
is low; i.e.,
2%,
that the crop
may
before the organic nitrogen furnished from
season
the clover crop shall have become available.
or
The
conditions that exist
for
green
yet this 2%
we
manure,
is furnished
fed early in the
either the stable manure
be well
the organic materials
of nitrification,
by which
process
the
been turned under
of clover have
large crops
furnish this specialbrand.
in
and
are
verted
con-
tions
into nitrates requires abundant
moisture and warmth.
These condido not prevail in the early spring, or even
and
the
in early summer,
use
E.
of
a
fertilizerto give the crop
proper
Frank
Coe's
Monmouth
County
GUARANTEED
Nitrogen
Equal
to
Ammonia
Available
Total
Potash
This
New
Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
(Actual)
brand
is prepared
Jersey,where
for sale elsewhere.
it
a
vigorous start
Special
ANALYSIS.
is
a
Potato
necessity.
Fertilizer.
Per Cent.
3.29
to
4.00
to
5.00
8.00
to
10.00
9.00
to
12.00
10.00
to
1 1 .00
4.1 1
the conditions that exist in
to
meet
especially
results. It is not offered
gives extremelyprofitable
POTATOES:
20
EARLY
An
The
No
early variety and
extra
tubers
Potato
are
can
snow-white
surpass
MONEY
A
with
CROP
DEWDROP
heavy producer for an
smooth, velvety skin and
very
a
very
it in uniform
and
handsome
appearance.
early Potato.
shallow
eyes.
The
quality
fine
above the average.
much
exceptionallygood, very
They are
very
grained, white as flour and of a splendid flavor; excellent keepers, and retain
their good eating qualitiesuntil late in the spring, which
of the early
some
varieties do not.
The vines are
tall,erect, and of vigorous growth.
Said to be one
of the handsomest
early white varieties grown.
is
(By
courtesy
of
the
E.
L.
Cleveland
Co.,
Houlton,
Me.)
POTATOES:
Coe
Frank
E.
of 51
Company,
the
located
along
Maryland, this
manufactured
York
Street,New
fertilizersare
Chambers
is enabled
company
days of
it is well to bear in mind
More
generallyit
P.
Station,
brands
that
cut
a
Belfast, Maine, to Baltimore,
give superiorservice to its customers.
FERTILIZERS.
and
many
makes
offered
price in fertilizersseldom
that inferior
plant foods
are
at
many
prices,
means
a
bargain.
being used
or
that the
In this connection
Professor
in some
of a low grade.
way
Brooks, Director of the Massachusetts AgriculturalExperiment
fertilizersare
William
means
to
OF
many
CoE-MortimeR
by The
City. With five factories
from
seaboard
Atlantic
CHARACTER
In these
CROP
MONEY
A
says:
"It is
not
the
invariably
case,
which is offered
usuallythe fertilizer
the most
efficiency,
sold at the highest
better worth the money
that they cost than
but
is, measured
ton
by plant food
at the lowest price per
those which are
expensive; and the high-gradefertilizers,
pricesper
the
are
ton,
are
usuallymuch
low-grade fertilizers."
AND
SPRAYING,
AND
ENEMIES
THE
DISEASES
OF
POTATO.
for three reasons:
first,the
spraying of potatoes is carried on
destruction of injuriousinsects; second, the prevention of blight and rot;
and third,to prolong the growing period of the plants; this latter being the
The
and
Pests.
The
First, Insect
principalinsect pests are the flea beetle
the Colorado potato bug.
Flea
The
Beetle
(Epitrixcucumeris), is the tiny black beetle
which
puncture
a
of the first two.
of the successful consummation
outcome
great
appears
in
such
the leaves with
great
a
numbers
multitude
the young
potato
of small holes, which
on
plants. They
only work
not
injury directlyto the plants themselves,but also provide especially
POTATOES:
22
originated
Lawrence,
showing
blight.
a
early potato,
Maine
both
the
from
Raynham,
of
of
varieties
fine
very
in
yield of
It is white
in
list; slightly flattened
our
and
robust
a
to
of
one
the
a
1908,
this stood
with
acre,
the
by
considerable
earliest, if
not
grower;
one
of
the
most
the
promising
sixty-two
among
sixth
in
in' short,
Company,^
by Professor
our
conducted
of
season
stock,
trade
test
shape, with blunt seed end;
shoal-eyed, flesh white, fine-grained, excellent
Ohio,
early
In
during the
bushels
color,
the
to
ball.
American
English and
410
introduced
seed
Mass.,
CROP
PERFECTION
EARLY
CLEVELAND'S
This
MONEY
A
on
the
resistance
very
earliest
similar
table
and
to
list,
to
on
the
quality,
satisfactory
varieties.
We
as
early potato will be especially desirable and profitable
white
early market-garden variety, considering its earliness, handsome
an
believe
quality and
appearance,
foliage,tubers
of
the
*The
this
uniform
productiveness.
in size,
altogether one
first place.
E.
L.
Cleveland
Co.,
The
Houlton,
Me.
vines
are
of the best
stocky
with
keepers, and
heavy
worthy
POTATOES:
flea beetle may
be
overcome
It is important that the spraying
the leaves wherever
the leaves are
not
mixture.
the beetles will
thorough,as
23
of
germs
superiorto Bordeaux
ways
many
be
CROP
early blightand late blight. The
best by spraying with Pyrox, a preparation in
lodging places for
favorable
MONEY
A
eat
thoroughly covered
with the spray.
Potato
Colorado
The
somewhat
difficult insect
more
considered
to
Bug
(Leptinotarsadecemlineata) is
fight. For
many
Paris Green
years
a
has
only effectual poison for this destructive insect, but
Paris Green has failed to give satisfaction,since it often proves
harmful
and frequently
fails to kill the bugs. It is, moreover,
to the foliage,
easily
been
washed
the
off
by the rains.
burning action of Paris Green
The
contains soluble arsenic, which
It would
insects.
to
the effect of Paris Green
of
seem,
lead
has
properly manufactured,
Pyrox
with
is
salts
are
with
Bordeaux.
as
years
superior to
found
than
the
of
no
very
is
Paris Green,
all the
usuallymixed
with
potato spray.
Early
Blight,
by
a
or
parasiticfungus.
of
merits
cold
Bordeaux.
not
of
Copper
confused
be
and
water
of
arsenate
It is, however,
it should
well the purpose
foliagealmost like paint. It serves
so
and fungicide,
that it is in general to be preferredto any
a
Paris Green.
mixture.
of lead and
arsenate
when
as
burns the
never
better than does
fungicide. However,
the basis of this
Pyrox
past.
best Bordeaux
combination of
a
to
soluble arsenic, and
the leaves much
to
the fact that it
to
plants as to animals
bug has been growing immune
been
preparation that combines
a
the merits
somethingmore
foliageis due
harmful
during some
it contains
foliage. It also adheres
lead
on
also, that the potato
or
Arsenate
is almost
sticks
an
to
the
insecticide
other material for
potato leaf blight(AlternariaSolani) is caused
This fungus lives within the tissues of the leaves,
and
of brown
dead
spreadsthroughoutthese tissues,causing the appearance
the foliage. The
leaves soon
die, and as the spores of the early
spots on
blightmultiplyrapidly,the disease will spread from a small area
to
an
entire field.
Prevention is the only
after the
blightappears.
fungus.
This
be
to
course
Spray with
considered; it is
Pyrox
too
late
to
spray
early,when the plants
from four to six inches high. The
second spraying with Pyrox should
are
be given about ten days later and the third application
ten
days subsequent
In the event
of hot, damp weather
to this.
in July or August, additional
spraying should be given. Spraying should be done on a clear brightday,
that the application
have a chance to dry on the leaves,after which,
so
may
rain will have comparativelylitde effect. Repeated sprayings are, however,
of the increased growth of the plants.
to take care
necessary
Late
Blight
(Phytophthora infestans)is also caused by a parasitic
Late
may
affect the leaves first,and
blightof potatoes
It is estimated
that in
is
some
State alone, has amounted
Treatment
itself or
very
be
generallyfeared
years
to
as
much
more
the loss from
as
ten
later the tubers themselves.
than
late
any
other
blightin New
disease.
York
million dollars.
entirelypreventive. The
fungus does not show
while it is spreadingthrough the tissues
give evidence of its presence
must
POTATOES:
24
IMPROVED
fine
quality, cooking
eating
other
crop
kinds
table
of
The
^nd
very
GREEN
varieties
variety.
The
soil.
vines
few
are
small
(By
dry
and
throughout
It
flesh
is
always
courtesy
of
early
heavy,
where
the
mealy;
white,
very
Potatoes
E.
prolific yielder,
a
soil
L.
Potato
a
Aroostook
medium
is very
CROP
MOUNTAIN
Potato;
White
Handsome,
Large,
MONEY
A
County,
and
with
the
gives
a
seed
is well
Cleveland
that
has
and
is
excellent
flavor
seded
super-
the
main
now
results
its
on
all
own.
especially vigorous,
tilled.
Houlton,
of
largely
peculiarly
being
Co.,
invariably
and
Me.)
POTATOES:
26
MONEY
A
No.
CARMAN
In
appearance,
like
No.
Carman
I
,
In
it resembles
CROP
3
that
the
the Rural
New
except
elongated.
general appearance
but is regarded as
popular. The skin and
more
of exceptionally good cooking quality and
very
compactly in the hill, and it is, therefore, more
other
more
are
No.
Yorker
2,
extremely white;
are
prolific;tubers
easily harvested
grow
than
very
any
variety.
It is
good
flesh
tubers
a
good
keeper,
with
few
very
shallow
eyes,
and
is
demand.
(By
courtesy
of
the
E,. L.
Cleveland
Co.,
Houlton,
Me.)
deservedly
in
ground,
potato plant under
tubers themselves are
fungous disease attacks the
This
(Fusarium oxysporum).
Rot
Dry
the small
first affecting
affected and
the
11
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
plantswilt
fine
blight. Tubers
or
the
Later
roots.
infected
while
in storage.
with this disease are
subject to dry rot
Land
infected with this disease should not be plantedto potatoes again
and
be grown,
Grass and grain crops
for from three to five years.
may
cultivated
do
to clean the soil of this disease to better advantage than
seem
crops.
Never
seed potatoes that show signsof this disease. Spraying gives
time no
at the present
remedy for this disease is known once
use
relief and
no
it
gains
All
clean
foothold.
a
the
seed
take
to
specialprecautionsto plant only
land.
clean
on
therefore
reason
more
VARIETIES.
There
good
many
are
the market, but no
varieties of potatoes on
A varietythat is "best" for
be the "best."
safelybe said to
potato
unsuitable for planting in a
be entirely
localitymay
be
good for an early crop may
a
variety especially
can
a
one
one
Also,
different section.
less desirable for
much
late crop.
the varieties also the
In considering
medium
or
of the grower'smarkets
preferences
The
should be considered.
requirements of size and shape and qualityare
able to present an
We
exceptionally
good series
fortunately
important.
are
and
of illustrationsof the different leadingvarieties of potatoes, true to name
E.
L.
land
Clevethe
of
Messrs.
This
is
possible
through
to type.
true
courtesy
furnished the engravings. The
Company, of Houlton, Me., who
made
from
the varieties are
carefullytaken photographs,
engravings illustrating
and the descriptions
of the varieties are
furnished by Messrs. E. L.
Cleveland
Company.
seed potato house in the
E. L. Cleveland Company is the largest
The
United
Its reputation for rehability
States.
is nation-wide, and the quality
Show, held
of the potatoes that they handle is superior. At the great Land
Cleveland
the Grand
New
in
the
winter
of
Messrs.
York City
in
1912,
won
Prize,
a
United
$750.00
States
or
for the best county
cup
Cleveland
Messrs.
exhibit of potatoes
the outside back
trophiesis illustratedon
Company use E. Frank Coe
these
for the best potatoes raised in the
also won
the First Prize
awarded
silver cup,
Canada.
at
the
show.
same
The
cover.
E.
One
of
L. Cleveland
Fertilizers.
HARVESTING.
While
.
way
of
of
harvestingand
digger.
man,
of which
one
with
Digging
The
areas
the potato
the market,
one
small
on
growing
a
is
season
one
economical
potatoes are stilldug by hand, a more
fields
that is necessary
is
for large
by means
There
several excellent potato
are
is illustratedin the
suitable team,
will
generallydone
in
of the potato is
dig
a
on
diggers now
of
the
appendix. By use
digger,
about
six
hurry and
acres
per
thingsmove
comparativelya short one
day.
with
and
a
the
rush.
crop
POTATOES:
28
A
AROOSTOOK
One
of
the greatest
Tubers
size.
enormous
deep, medium
handsome
varieties
to
in this section
grown
oblong, round
are
Potato, although not
as
PRIZE
croppers
late,skin and
CROP
MONEY
form,
flesh of
regarded
very
as
eyes
white color, and
equal
to
of its
by reason
and
plentiful
some
of
is
what
somea
very
the other
cooking qualities.
(By
courtesy of
the E.
EARLY
L. Cleveland
Co., Houlton, Me.)
BOVEE
introduced only a few years ago, it
Notwithstandingthis Potato was
been equal to the demand.
supplyhas never
very popular,and our
has become
It is of the Hebron
The
tubers
type, and
long, have
are
of the earliestvarieties grown
in Aroostook.
handsome
and fine
pink skin; of
appearance
one
quality. Heavy producer;has a stalky,dwarfed vine, the tubers growing
valuable for table use by
compactly in the hill. This varietyis especially
reason
of very
shallow
(By
eyes,
fine texture,
courtesy of the E.
white flesh and
L. Cleveland
excellent flavor.
Co., Houlton, Me.)
be
must
He
on
of the ground before freezing. After digging,the tubers should
ground for from two to six hours to dry out and to toughen the
should be taken to see that they do not become
the same
time, care
out
the
At
skin.
29
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
sunburned.
Potatoes should
be
not
the
dug when
ground
is too
Not
wet.
but a considerable
will the draft of the digging machine be difficult,
of earth will adhere to the tubers, injuringtheir appearance.
is done
Picking up
others into barrels.
but when
potatoes
the
frequently
as
are
case
the potatoes
are
hand
by
The
be
to
in
some
into bushel
sections
the advantage of
boxes
and
in
to handle,
beinglighter
the field
direct from
drawn
quantity
the
to
cars,
as
is
convenient
with early potatoes, the barrel is generally
more
The
barrel
the
basis
sold
of
price.
commonly
a
on
barrel holds
standard potato
;
boxes have
only
two
bushels
three
and
pecks.
MACHINERY.
POTATO
industryis so great, and economical handling of the crop
that specialmachines
have been perfectedfor performing
is
necessary,
such operations as planting,cultivating,
digging,spraying,etc. Specialpotato
machinery is manufactured
by the followingcompanies:
The
potato
so
Iron
factures
Manufacturing Company, Grenloch, N. J., manuvators,
cultithe "Iron Age"
line of potato machines, includingplanters,
The
Iron
the
hoes
and
and
diggers.
Age planter
potato
sprayers,
cultivator
shown
in the Appendix.
Age riding
are
A.
The
B.
The
makes
a
The
etc.
C.
Harrows,
In the
Bateman
Aspinwall Manufacturing Company, of Jackson, Mich.,
specialline of potato machinery includingplanters,
diggers,sorters,
Aspinwall Planter is illustratedin the Appendix.
Messrs. Deere
Appendix
D.
"
Cultivators,Potato
The
is shown
Company, of Moline, 111.,make
Diggers,and Horse Hoes, for
pictureof their "K
a
Field Force
Pump
Company,
the
John
A"
of Elmira, New
York,
the potato crop.
specialspraying machines for use
upon
Four-Row
Sprayer and the Watson
Triplex Sprayer, also
by them, are shown in the Appendix.
Watson
E.
The
Syracuse Chilled
in addition to their well-known
hoe illustrated in the
potato
Plow
Company,
Deere
the potato crop.
pivot axle cultivator.
of
Syracuse, New
line of superiorplows, manufactures
factures
manu-
Their
factured
manu-
York,
a
special
Appendix.
Taylor AgriculturalTool Company, of Chicopee
of Prout's Horse Hoe, an implement which,
Falls, Mass., are manufacturers
intended
tobacco, is excellent for cultivating
for
use
althoughoriginally
upon
into broad, low ridges. This is illustratedin the
potatoes and hilling
up
Appendix.
F.
G.
a
Hoover
The
Belcher "
The
Hoover
Manufacturing Company,
of
Avery, Ohio,
of
line of potato implements,one
of the best known
Potato Digger, which is illustrated in the Appendix.
tures
manufac-
which
is the
POTATOES:
CROP
MONEY
A
31
Company, of Higganum, Conn., manuCutaway Harrow
factures
complete line of Cutaway Disk Harrows, and other implements
H.
The
a
One
of
Messrs. John Watson
"
pulverizingthe soil.
the Appendix.
for
I.
their
Cutaway
Harrows
is illustrated in
the original
Co., of Houlton, Me., are
Sprayer, illustratedin the Appendix.
Simplex Potato
designersof Watson's
catalogues of any of the above companies will give many
helpful
suitable
for
local
conditions.
suggestions in regard to potato machinery
The
COST
The
tions.
with the local condiof growing potatoes will naturallyvary
the
kind
is
which
of
the
machinery
on
grown,
crop
other factors have to be considered.
haps
Perof laborers and many
cost
The
used,
pay
kind of soil
important
most
Records
of
expenses
carefulness and
is the
kept by the Maine
field of potatoes
ten-acre
a
POTATOES.
GROWING
OF
are
the
cost
at
be $699.30.
to
Orono, Me.,
The itemized
follows:
as
Ten
"Plowing at
Harrowing
Station
Experiiiient
State
show
abilityof the growei*:-
$2.00
five
per
at
times
Field.*
Acre
$20.00
acre
$3.50
17.50
acre
per
225.00
Fertilizer
Seed, 130 bushels
at
$0.75
97.50
bushel
per
Disinfectingseed (labor and material)
Cutting seed (by hand), at $0.06 per bushel
and 2 men
3 days at $5.00
Planting,team
four
Harrowing or weeding before crop came
up,
Cultivating
crop
3 .00
7.80
00
I5
.
10.50
times
28.00
eighttimes
each application)
Spraying six times
($1.00 per acre
Hand
hoeing and pullingweeds once
Digging and hauling to storehouse or station, at $15.00
Rent of land (5%
$50.00 per acre
on
value), 10 acres
Depreciationof implements(plows, hoes, planter,sprayer,
value $250.00 estimated at 10%
60.00
15.00
,
per
150.00
acre....
25.00
digger,etc.)
25.00
Total
The
returns
The
entire ten
The
The
$699.30
worked
out
Net
a
Profit
In the above,
account
as
follows
:
yielded2,250
acres
value of the crop per
cost of growing per
Leaving
as
acre,
acre,
per
225
as
bushels
shown
on
a
farm
at
above
225
bushels
to
the
acre.
50c. per bushel, $1 12.50
69.93
$42.57"
of
acre
of farm
depreciation
it should be
bushels,or
buildingshas
where
potatoes
are
not
one
been
taken
of the
into
principal
crops.
The
writer
the
potatoes.
*From
E. L. Cleveland
Company
of Houlton, Me., have
followingreport of the actual
(A
cost
of raisinga
kindlygiven the
25-acre
portion of this field at harvest time is illustrated on
"The
Polalo," by Eugene H.
Grubb.
field of
Page 30.)
POTATOES:
34
Well,
the point. I had
ground, or second
to
six of potato
CROP
MONEY
A
forty-fourof sod and
to plow in
twenty-threeacres
of potatoes,
fiftyacres
Had
crop.
spring (would have had it all plowed in fall, if I had been planning on
from seven
plantingso heavy; it is better for sod). I plow all the way
I harrowed
ground, plowed in fall,three times,
to nine inches deep.
my
it nice and mellow.
and then in spring twice, which made
and
barrels of Mountains
hundred
and twenty-five
tradingone
of Cobblers,
of Bliss and twenty-five
I pickedout twenty-five
After
fortyof Carmans,
thirtyof Gold Coins, and forty-fiveof my
Mountains
for they
to my
own
big waste
to
be all
and
clear
of Cobblers, five of Bliss, six of Gold
acres
twenty-four of Mountains.
about
ine
of Carmans
ten
a
the butt.
to
This made
Coins,
was
the eyes seemed
had
far apart
got,
eyes
large and
the seed end, while those I traded and
on
There
Mountains.
own
were
five
and
Had
11
harrowing all the time
plantingMay
man
a
tend planter,
while I planted,and along the last end had a boy to help me
all the fertilizerand seed into field,
that I paid eightycents a day. Hauled
all
and did
the plantingmyself.
fertilizermaking just fifteen hundred
to
I used forty tons
of the Coe
Commenced
.
the
all put underneath.
was
that
like a dry year,
acted
it
Seeing
which
acre,
quitedeep and tightened
that I had an
extra
large hill,
I planted
tightas possible,
so
a
dry year.
prove
Had
four girlscuttingseed, and they were
They didn't
good cutters.
wanted
them.
I
but
in
how
could
to
cut
just
cut
day,
as
they
see
a
try
many
did
and
each day
I used a littleplasteron
seed and turned them over
not
old.
while
Used
them
four
them
in
from
two
to
days
ground
put
green.
of
After planting,I sowed
of grain and had ten acres
twenty acres
hay.
And
Then
I took the wheel cultivator and cultivated the fiftyacres.
them stand
then we
rightthrough with cultivator and hoe. After letting
ran
few days we
cultivated again, hand-hoed, cultivated and hilled them up.
a
In a few days they were
I sprayed them all,
largeenough to spray.
four times and some
of them five, using 3-4-5-5-6
pounds of vitriol to the
up
disk springs as
my
and
it did
It
I used
be
5-7-9-9-10
and
acre
being an
of lime.
extra
arsenic and
bad
year
sal soda.
for
This
bugs, it
was
is awful
cheap,
poison twice;
to
necessary
but
fellow
a
has
to
mighty careful with it.
I
until
and
left alone rightin spraying time and did
of the school boys
harvesting,
excepting one
was
did the
not
came
have
out
on
help
more
any
a
vacation
cooking.
that good healthy green.
I was
My potatoes looked nice all summer,
I had forty-sevenacres
in one
field,with the main
reallyproud of them.
road
on
side and
one
advertisement
stopped me
to
get
in
on
a
for
the Fort road
the
Coe
the road
and
you
the end.
fertilizer. While
I used
good day's work.
kind of fertilizerdid
at
use?"
About
to
have
I tell you
spraying,
to
leave them
it was
team
a
after
great
team
talkingin order
the firstquestionwould
be:
"What
POTATOES:
During
digging,
MONEY
A
it took
teams
two
digger and
on
after it putting tops through and pulHng away
and a man
and myself did the
to six pickers,
of the
I kept
and
of
good
hauled
in,
I found
up,
I had
and
made
under
house
Then
dug
thrown
were
in, and
day.
high as
eighty-six
a
barrels.
and fifty-one
sixty-fourhundred
twenty-nine barrels to the acre.
as
kicked
full,and
it
with
was
a
two
back
and
a
rush
to
get
them
thirtyand
teams
house
barrels
thousand
the scaffold
to
up
Wagon
feet deep.
sixteen
out
before
to
thirty-five
four
we
After
of
one
two
average
taken
ways
head, which
over
and
cellar
cellar.
Noyse's
freezing.We
hauled
Then
the load.
dug out
adding
An
full, wood-shed
to
up
look
the help
hundred
four
to
from
men
ahead.
out
the cellar full (under the barn), the floor in
pile
hauled
potatoes.
hauling with
potatoes
all half barrels
account,
the potatoes
a
they had
two
It took
I had
hundred
one
up,
when
digging teams,
35
CROP
and
I froze
a
few.
I have
of Mountains.
My
new
$3,000.00
or
seed,
littleunder, fertilizer,
a
help, spraying, groceries and other small expenses.
and my
bushels of oats from twenty
acres
sixty-eight
hundred
Got
hay
good.
I
am
there is
Coe
about
are
expenses
horse, hired
eleven
was
from my
far, and I have
potatoes so
barrels yet, four of Bliss, one
of Cobblers, and thirteen
will bring me
$13,435.98.
At the present pricesmy
crop
deposited $8,570.98
eighteenhundred
afraid
that when
you
read
this letter you
anything further, I will be glad
Coe
people yet.
to
give it.
will be
tired, but if
I feel that I
owe
the
Fertilizer and
Yours
truly,
B.
Over-sized
growth
may
They
be
were
prevented by close planting.Still these
raised with
E.
Frank
Coe
H.
are
Fertilizers.
Ward.
"some
potatoes.
37
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
APPENDIX
ILLUSTRATED
NOT
Beauty,
NoROTON
introduced
Lunch.
Quick
or
This
"
1903.
the trade in
to
VARIETIES
OF
DESCRIPTIONS
It is
earlyPotato
new
first
was
of the earHest varieties
one
running uniform as to size, and has peculiar
It is a
give it a very handsome appearance.
globularin form,
grown,
jiinkmarkings, which
and especially
well
of good table quality,
fairlyprolific,
cropper,
affected
land.
is
It
easily
not
adapted for market-gardenuse on early
by disease,stalks being very vigorous until the maturity of the potatoes,
when
they die down quicklyand completelyto the ground.
sure
A new
Sunlight.
Potato and, as its name
indicates,
an
of its handsome, white appearance
extra-earlysort, which, on account
is proving a money-maker for truckers
and excellent cooking qualities,
Extra-Early
"
especiallyin Virginia and adjacent States.
flattened,others
Tubers medium
size, oval or oblong, some
slightly
blossom end; growing at medium
depth, close together,
taper toward
wherever
quite uniformly five
with
white;
medium
eyes
early market,
as
Peachblow.
Potato
has
size
The
clean potato.
White
and
grown,
Ohio
well
A
shallow.
and
State
in
ones
a
hill. Color
good keeper
for home
very
a
very
it for
use.
time this
1 50
wonderful
a
and
Experiment Station recommends
Introduced in 1902, since which
record.
It was
among
"
made
as
six large
or
early
varieties
AgriculturalExperiment Station during the season
of 1905, and their Bulletin,No.
174, says of this splendidPotato:
"A
tall,vigorous,strong-growingplant;foliageheavy and dense;
bloom purple; somewhat
resistant to earlyblight;tubers medium
large,
flattened; color white; recommended
somewhat
oval or
cylindrical,
and has yielded the highestof any
both for market and home
use,
tested
at
the Ohio
variety in the test for the last three
deep, and pink."
At
the head of 1 50
Eyes medium
years.
yieldfor
varieties in point of
size, quite
three successive
seasons.
Vermont
Gold
Coin.
This
"
varieties,in that it is
crop
table quality of the very
it
yellowishor
a
an
best.
made
a
one
fine netted skin,which
slightlyrusset tinge,indicatinggood
In shape, roundish oblong,with square
Experiment Station
recent
It has
be
gives
quality,and
of fine appearance.
ends more
less flattened;eyes
or
of
of the leading mainheavy yielder,with the
exceptionally
is destined to
says
introduction
medium
size and
of this variety: "One
white.
or
is
tapering
Ohio
The
of the best late
sorts
grown."
and unequaled table
Its vigorous growth, productiveness
of the most
it one
popular varieties on the market.
quality
POTATOES:
38
MONEY
A
CROP
ing;
Especiallydesirable for early market-gardenFlorida
in
for
earlyshipment
varietygrown
principal
Tubers
markets.
length,more
to the Northern
large,medium
average
medium
flesh
color.
flattened
and
less
oval,
Eyes
light
or
pink or
or
Rose
and
shallow; of the
not
so
to large and
type, but tubers larger
and
regular. This variety is a heavy yielder;therefore profitable,
of good table quality.
for one
of the medium
sorts
Spalding's
No.
this
Early
"
being the
Norther.
a
Rose.
4
This
"
and
It is fast
becoming
and
popular
very
Southern
It is regarded
Ohio.
of the
one
leading seed varieties
States.
very
that grows
Early Rose; shape,oblong;quality,dry, mealy, fine texture
Excellent
Six
but
cropper,
Weeks.
requires rich moist
Said
"
for
they
circumstances,
be
to
recommended
especially
date
are
soil.
In
the earliest Potato
great
now
medium
Early
and
flavor.
demand.
and
grown,
under favorable
early market trade. Grown
ready for the table at six weeks from
weeks.
at
ten
fully matured
fine
and
of
smooth-skinned,
shallow-eyed,
texture;
very
pink.
Fine quality,cooking dry and mealy as soon
as
of
reason
of the standard early varieties,and said to be "The
earlier than the
full week
in the ground." A
One
"
best Potato
as
by
favorably by the market growers
table
variety.
superior qualityas a
of its productivenessand
Early
from
the
in the Middle
Early
Potato originatedin Maine
handsome
very
Early Rose, and resembles this variety in shape
color, being full earlier,averaging larger,and even
prolific.
more
seed-ball of
planting, and
Medium-sized,
in
it
color, light
attains
even
size.
Harvest.
seedling,and deservedly entitled to the
it bears.
An
white Potato, of the finest
exceedinglyhandsome
name
valuable
and
the
for
of
early market by reason
quality,
particularly
color and early maturity.
its handsome
American
in
Giant.
Aroostook,
Maine
A
"
American
"
and
Giant
is
very
of the heaviest
yieldersgrown
of
market-gardeningon account
one
for
profitable
long, white, smooth, handsome
potato, with
of
mediumfor
extra
quality
a
good
eyes;
early variety; now
being grown
largelyby the market gardeners of
New
of
Jersey and Virginia,and becoming very popular by reason
its enormous
yield.
its
productiveness.It
shoal
a
Tubers
Burpee's
Extra
is
a
late keeper, and
above
the
Early.
average
as
to
size, and
attractive
in appearance.
early variety that is becoming quite
popular, being very productive. The tubers are of good size, free
from scab, oblong in form, very
smooth ; in color, pinkishwhite.
The
flesh is pure
white and the qualityexcellent. It is regarded as a sure
"
An
cropper.
Dakota
Red.
A
disease,
hardy, late variety,not susceptible
to
very
planted on heavily manured
ground with perfect safety.
In color, red, with deep eyes ; form oval.
It is of very good eating
quality,but more
especiallyfor very late Winter and Spring use.
and
can
"
be
BURBANK.
variety is quite largely used
This
"
Potatoes; is of fair size, good form
Maker.
one
of the reliable late
average
yielder. It is
as
an
a
Peerless.
around
handsome,
degree.
late variety,large yielder,and
of fine appearance.
in color and
handsome
A
"
of
A
"
considerable
Early
and
39
good flavor.
from
long white Potato, and well named
maker
the fact that it has indeed been a money
to those growing it;
main
and
of
the
heaviest
variety.
splendid
yielders
a
being one
crop
and
It is a remarkably quick grower,
bhght to a
resistingdrought
keeper and
late
Money
CROP
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
white
Potato;
allprofitable
general
seedlingof the Early Rose and of the same
be decidedlyresistant to blightand of remarkable
good yielder,and
vigor,surpassingother early kinds in this particular;
of especially
fine table qualityas demonstrated by comprehensivetests.
Manistee.
A
"
description.Said
to
potato, with clean, clear skin; shallow
and one
of the best, if not the very best table potato we
carry.
eyes
made
and
the
with
It is a vigorous grower,
tests
heavy vines,
among
of the heaviest yielders.They cook almost
seed farm, was
one
on
our
SnoWFLAKE.
A
"
white
as
as
Harris
A
"
Roundish
large.
late potato, and
season's
by one
South.
of
all-round
an
dry and
mealy; certainlyhaving
variety,being only
crop
desirable main
early.
Snowball.
Pride
well flavored,
are
snow;
the requisites
for
medium
white
handsome
or
strong,
oblong.
does
not
Tubers
grower.
white,
more
medium
to
less russeted.
or
A
indicated
early. Fairly prolific,
as
sprout
test.
This
"
vigorous
Color
varietyis
a
color, it being white
twin
to
the Bliss
Triumph
In
with
in everything
ripening,the
pink eyes.
It
quickly,thus giving the blightno chance to work.
and has good cooking quality;
is a quick,strong and vigorous grower,
market
used largelyin the South for
purposes.
for the table
all the best qualities
Delaware.
This variety combines
and is conceded by all to be the finest eating Potato raised in Aroostook
except
die down
vines
"
It resembles
County.
and
and
texture,
remarkable
a
Star.
White
and
sought
medium
cropper;
after
very
much
by dealers;
a
in size, color
late keeper and
early.
late, of good size and
Medium
"
Mountain
the Green
is much
quality,white
in color
good keeper.
Empire
State.
A
good standard late Potato and one extensivelyused
for late planting;good yielderand cooker; in color, white.
a
"
X
X
Early.
but
One
"
in form
from
in color,
of the early sorts, resembling Early Rose
free
bear
oval.
Will
fertilizing,
heavy
more
somewhat
blight,and
one
of the best varieties for
market-gardeningor
main
crop.
Crown
Jewel.
"
A
of excellent qualityand
I. X.
L.
"
size.
A
A
uniform
heavy
smooth
cropper,
of the reliable Rose
early variety,
productive,long, white, medium
very
used
largely in the South
for
potato, with
and one
vigorous grower,
and
family.
handsome
garden
very
few
purposes.
of small
of the best kinds
40
Clark's
Grass
Hoe:
cultivalmg fields infested with
The
(By
Harrow
Cutaway
The
Iron
courtesy
N.J.)
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
Age,
witch
Company,
No. 878:
of Bateman
excellent
An
grass.
Higganum,
A
CROP
implement
(By courtesy
for
of
Conn.)
practicalridingcultivator.
ManufacturingCompany, Grenloch,
POTATOES:
42
The
of
AsPiNWALL
Potato
MONEY
Iron
Age
CROP
Planter:
"pickerplanter."(By courtesy
Company, Jackson, Mich.)
The
The
A
An
of The
Aspinwall
(Improved Robbins) Potato
leading planterof the "platform" type.
the Bateman
excellent
Manufacturing Company.
(By
type
turing
Manufac-
Planter:
courtesy
Grenloch, N. J.)
of
POTATOES:
John
A
"K
Deere
A"
Pivot
class riding cultivator for
and
Company,
Moline,
MONEY
Axle
potatoes.
CROP
A
Cultivator:
(By
courtesy
43
of
first
Deere
III.)
^SB
convenient
One
of the most
implements
low hill.
Forms
broad,
a
hilling
up potatoes.
Tool
Co.,
(By courtesy of the Belcher and Taylor Agricultural
Prout's
Hoe:
and
for cultivating
Chicopee Falls, Mass.)
Watson
at
John
Watson
Four
courtesy
Potato
Triplex
lime.
one
MONEY
A
POTATOES:
44
Very
and
Row
Sprayer:
largelyused in Maine.
Company, Houlton, Me.)
Potato
of the Field
Sprayer,
Force
Pump
CROP
Sprays four
(By
rows
courtesy
of
with eight nozzles.
(By
Company, Elmira, N. Y.)
POTATOES:
The
Hoover
A
Potato
(By courtesy
respect.
Company, Avery, Ohio.)
every
MONEY
Digger:
of
CROP
A
the
modern
Hoover
45
digger
in
Manufacturing
J
Planting a field by machine.
(By
courtesy
of
the
Baleman
The
Iron
Age
(Improved Robbins) Planter
Manufacturing Company,
Grenloch,
N.
J.)
at
work.
POTATOES:
46
'
A
MONEY
CROP
*^-Si?A^"*i
\
-1^
At
of
I
the
work
in the potato
Bateman
field with
the Two-HoRSE
Manufacturing Company,
RiDING
Grenloch,
N.
CULTIVATOR.
(By
"""
I
courtesy
J.)
"
-
,
Cutting
up
a
tough
sod
with
the Cutaway
Disc
Harrow
helps get the soil into condition quicklyafter plowing. A
that prevents the upward movement
almost impervious mat
food in the ground. (By courtesy of The Cutaway Harrow
before
plowing.
This
heavy sod inverted, forms an
and plant
of soil moisture
Company, Higganum, Conn.)
73.
Average farm priceof potatoes per bushel
"
68.
Table
"
Acreage, production,
Acreage
and
division.
State
Acres.
117,000
17,000
26,000
26,000
5,000
N.Hampshire...
.
....
Pennsylvania.
N.
.
23,000
360,000
92,000
265,000
.
.
Dec.
Bushels.
23,166,000
and
3,380,000
565,000
2,461,000
38,160,000
9,936,000
28,885,000
North
Dakota.
1,452,000
South
Dakota.
2,002,000
Nebraska
Kansas
N.
931,000
118,000
W.
C.
Miss.
Delaware
North
South
;
Carolina.
Carolina.
Georgia
Florida
112,573,000
66,240,000
.
.
11,000
37,000
95,000
47,000
30,000
10,000
.
12,000
11,000
1,100,000
770,000
2,404,000
5,372,000
3,264,000
4, 144,000
8,265,000
5,264,000
2,550,000
900,000
936,000
1,023,000
1,008,000
814,000
1,125,000
Kentucky
51,000
Tennessee
38,000
Alabama
.
.
186,000
20,832,000
9,918,000
13,837,000
11,041,000
Louisiana
Texas
Oklahoma
Arkansas
.
.
36,703,000
3,451,000
3,344,000
2,341,000
1,215,000
1,094,000
87,000
Michigan
Wisconsin
291,000
S. Central
.
36,750,000
34,920,000
15,068,000
11,873,000
116,257,000
'
"
"
Idaho
Washington....
Oregon
California
3,276,000
.1,740,000
1,750,000
801,000
1.212 000
3,440,000
|
1,618,000
1,610,000
240,000
18,826,000
37,000
6,105,000
1,540,000
8,075,000
'
.
11,000
85,000
900,000
9,000
125,000
1,000 i
19,000 ! 3,515,000
2,136,000
12,000 i
6,475,000
35,000
11,356,000
68,000:
10,075,000
65,000
10,140,000
78,000
15,567,000
2,442,000
924,000
3,311,000
585,000
156,000
1,722,000
i
1
1,282,000
1,878,000
4,088,000
3,123,000
6,591,000
.
51,243,000
Far
245,000
33,075,000
174,000 , 18,966,000
95,000 j
7,980,000
52,000
29,000
25,000
.
......
"
1,051,000
20,000
.
.
Iowa
:
5,151,000
890,000
1,460,000
....
Nevada""
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
137,000
350,000
I
15,000
10,000
.
8.302,000
16,695,000
Missouri
88,367.000
816,000
.
4,959,000
24,182,000
Minnesota
4,814,000
4,190,000
of
River.
Montana.
Wyoming
.'.'....
Colorado
Mexico
New
Arizona
Utah
253,000
C. E. of Miss.
River
1,864,000
2,344,000
1,938,000
S.Atlantic
N.
1.
Dollars.
5,740,000
70,000
Mississippi
..
52,000
62,000
value
Dec.
Bushels.
6,656,000
6,510,000
9,440,000
Acres.
12,741,000
2,535,000
435,000
1,920,000
22,133,000
6,558,000
16,464,000
Farm
tion.
division.
Dollars.
2,380,000
3,640,000
1912.
Produc-
Acreage.
and
State
1.
1911-li
.
Atlantic.
Maryland
Virginia
West
Virginia
firstof each month,
on
of potatoes, by States,
value
value
Farm
tion.
Maine
Vermont
Massachusetts.
Rhode
Island
Connecticut
York
New
New
Jersey
Produc-
THE
CROP.
POTATO
Table
OF
STATISTICS
GOVERNMENT
,
9,261,000
8,724,000
5,506,000
Western
United
States
420,000
60,442,000
26,102,000
.
3,711,000
420,647,000
212,550,000
71.
Tari.e
Yield per
"
Yield
10-year
price per bushel, and value
acre,
per
per
Farm
acre.
10-year
averages.
o
Bu.
Bu.
Bit.
Bu.
Bu.
Bu.
price
bushel.
per
j
!
averages
1
for Dec.
State and
division.
of potatoes, by States.
acre
Quarterly,
i ^
Cts. Cts. Cts. Cts. Cts.lCts.
Bu.
115
S.Atlantic.
Ohio.
Ind..
111....
Mich
Wis..
50.
1^ 95.6
65!
C. E. Miss.:
River
74;
84|
78
86
82'
Iowa
79.4i74.2
93
78i
Mo
N. Dak
S. Dak
Nebr
Kans
50
91
87[
6
92.0
105
83i
100
105^ 110
132
119
100
158
100
105
57| 54
51
122
145
75
o!l03.
9 126.7 137.681.569.0165.99
59
51
114
53
601
50!
1161 1381
56
64
59
105
53
44
120
46
44
37
37
45
38
50
71.9
94.5
73
110
40
38
34
44'
64'
109
42
43
44
53
60
50
62
68
36
46
91
55'
42
49,
55
73
85
841
90
70;
55
59
82
63
59
59.544.1
48.76
36| 28i37.80
135
.1 39,
80l|431 44
59.36
57.00
60; 60.60
41
43.05
34 40.80
71
66
74
39
53
50
80
58
115'
.
138
44
53. 248. 444.5151. 0:41.0
51j 48i
Dolls
58 64.96
65 56.65
151| 71j 62: 69.44
76 64.60
73
137
135
159
112100.80
1531 110] %T 67.86
138
115 110102.30
52
126
102, 1251 146!
92|
1061
124
98
128
149
132
162
78
931
65
46, 50.14
67|
691 57.96
28 35.84
36 37.80
51 40.80
73 59.86
49
62
73
73
Miss.
87.7 78.1
83.0
63.8
73.8108.3
45.345.944.652.970.8
73
Tenn.
Ala...
Miss.
La..
Tex.
Okla.
Ark..
80,
52
56
751
87;
84
84;
98
73
95
85
63i' 123! 90!
81
90
.
.
S. Central.
63
101"
55
62
88
54
64
81;1 100
78'
65
70;
91
64
64
87i
70
76.463.8
Mont
52
54
65
67
95
92
97;
Wyo
62
65
107
108
118:
145i
94
115'
144
90
100,
105
94
110
63.5
78'
Ariz
I
66J
Utah
Nev
Idaho
Wash
I
87
104
'
Oreg
115
116
Cal
Western.
91
95
\m
98
89!
87.9 76.5
Basis, Dec.
1
price.
76.4'91.4'
93.8
"
60.59
66.15
55.80
64.40
111
70
40! 66 00
201
95
60
1561
801 41! 38.95
152
140
140
115
84.00
65 65.00
125156.25
49
61
143
90.65
132 130
60106.80
88! 60, 29 53.65
75
36 60.12
31 48.05
75'
121t
65i 84.50
113.694.0,102.0129.2116.9115.1143.988.860.449.059.371.8,78.5
U.S
67.67
61.60
72.90
80.10
64.86
82
I
44.98
67
70
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1051
93
921
1261 140
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; 21201
97.6116.351.841.5
68.8
104
Colo
N. Mex
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58!
120
52
Ky...
Far
135
58
101
85.6110.6
94
80
72
85
85;
75
69
86
90
86
62. 860. 657. 569. 766.
112i:
58' 114! 56'
76
Minn
N.C.W.
River
94.2
70'
.
N.
68.8'79.6
74.964.8
81
Cts.Cts.
Cts.
Cts.
128i
91
90
78i' 109
93...
1912.
The
80.9113.4;54.
Territories.
r51.248,
88.8103.861.443.2;
62.15
157T4!55.7
79.9'l02.0
119. 7'65~050.5'
57.28
GRAND
TROPHY
SWEEPSTAKES
^^^^^^^o
s"^^^
jILVbK
FOR
BEST
Compeht'ion
open
Won
EXHIBIT
STATE
to
the entire
OF
United States and Canada
Me.,at
Houlton,
hy The E. L Cleveland Co.,
Users of E. FRANK
Manufactured only by
THE
COE-MORTIMER
LUr)
POTATOES
COE
the New
York Land Show, 1912
FERTILIZERS
COMPANY,
5 1 Chambers
New York
St.,