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Interview Skills : How To Make A Favourable First Impression
It is human nature to evaluate a person by what meets the eye, especially when meeting
someone for the first time. When we meet a person for the first time we know very little about
him or her. So we naturally proceed to arm ourselves with information by evaluating what our
eyes see and also by hearing them speak. You end up drawing conclusions from the other’s
appearance, mannerisms, voice and body language.
Research in the field of social psychology tells us that within the first minute of meeting a new
person, the average human being draws at least ten conclusions regarding that person. Some
of the conclusions drawn may be regarding the person’s economic status, educational level,
social position, sophistication or the lack of it and maybe even his or her ethics and moral
character.
It is very essential to create a favourable first impression in certain instances, and a job
interview certainly tops the list. The interviewer may be making a real and honest effort to
make unbiased judgements; however, it is human nature to be put off by certain markedly
negative signals. It is thus essential that one should know what is likely to give a negative
signal and guard against it.
The right kind of greeting
Let's assume that you are a candidate walking into a room where five or six imposing
interviewers are seated. Let's suppose that one of them greets you with a handshake. Pay
attention to how you shake his/her hand. A handshake can convey a lot about a person. The
best bet is a firm handshake that grips the other’s hand briefly. And it is also essential to make
eye contact and give a friendly smile while doing so. A limp handshake could convey a message
of lack of confidence or nerves. On the other hand, a crushing handshake would convey an
overbearing personality. And most of all, it is important that your hands be dry and not sweaty,
sticky or wet.
If no one offers to shake hands, fine, give a smile making eye contact with a couple of people
who seem to you to be most pleasant. And wait to be asked to be seated. The other option is
our good old Indian greeting of a gentle “Namaste” that can never go wrong in any situation.
On the hot seat
It is important to assume the right kind of posture to sit. Your posture should indicate calmness
and readiness rather than nervousness. Avoid sitting on the edge of your seat. If you encounter
a chair that is not convenient, do not be flustered, take a few seconds to seat yourself as
comfortably as possible and then look up make eye contact and smile indicating your readiness
for the interview.
Do not indulge in small talk about how your feet do not reach the floor, etc. It may be
considered frivolous. And do remember - no slouching. Your posture should indicate your
alertness and eagerness for the questions that you will be facing.
Keeping all these directives in mind may sound like a tall order. So start practicing. It would not
hurt you to learn how to walk, greet and sit in a charming manner. Last of all be yourself and do
not attempt to project a false image. The very lack of effort that you have to put into being
yourself will project itself as confidence that will be reflected in your eyes. And eyes, they say,
are a window to a person’s soul.
Carry Yourself Confidently During An Interview
One very essential aspect that prospective employers are always on the lookout for is selfconfidence. So it is very essential that you appear extremely confident and poised when
appearing for an interview. Self-confidence should become part of your attitude so that you do
not need to do anything extra about it on the day of the interview.
Work on your language skills
If your command over the language that you will be handling the interview in is good, then
you will be able to express yourself well. Do practise presentation of all your details, especially
regarding education and work experience, in such a manner that is complimentary to
yourself.
It would be a good idea to practice in front a friend and ask for some constructive criticism in
this regard. You should then incorporate changes based on the criticism and then perfect your
technique. However do keep an open mind to the aspect of flexibility. You should be able to
change your presentation as per the demand of the existing situation in the interview. For
example, out of the blue you may be asked to participate in a group discussion. You can walk
away with flying colours if you have an excellent command over the language being used and
a good knowledge of both your subject and general issues.
Body language - it says a lot about you
Nervous gestures will be interpreted in a negative manner. So it is very essential that you are
extremely careful not to betray your nervousness. Feeling a little nervous is okay and
acceptable. But do not compound it by nursing negative thoughts like “I am sure to fail” or “I
do not stand a chance in front of all these people” or “They will take one look at me and
decide against me.”
Negative thoughts in the mind translate into gestures like biting lips, hands that do not remain
still, cracking knuckles and other such give-aways. Those who conduct interviews are trained
to lookout for such gestures and interpret them. So be on your guard and carry yourself
accordingly.
Dress for the occasion
The type of dress that you wear will also affect your level of confidence. Flashy colours will
make you feel out of place in sedate work surroundings.
The dress option is easier for men, as they do not have much to choose from. However, do
remember that it would be wise to avoid too casual a dress. Semi formal is the best choice.
For ladies, a conservative dress in muted colours is a safe bet, since you are not familiar with
the sort of existing work environment when you first enter the organisation.
Western wear is considered acceptable in most metropolitan cities but looked at askance in
smaller towns. So study the place and type of organisation and then choose your attire
accordingly. Once you are appropriately dressed, you will automatically be able to carry
yourself confidently.
Assert yourself
In an interview, you may be asked a variety of questions, sometimes for the interviewers to
merely see how convincingly you can put forth your points of view. In such circumstances, it is
important that you are able to assert yourself and put forth your opinion in a convincing
manner.
At times there may be situations when you do not know the answer to a question or
questions. If this happens, accept the fact gracefully without letting it upset you. Indicate that
you are open to receiving more information and willing to learn. Remember honesty is the
best policy, so when you are pushed against a wall, be honest and you will be helping yourself.
Complete Your Homework Before You Interview
"What do you know about our company?"
"Why do you want to work for us?"
These are two typical questions frequently asked in any interview. Interviewers ask these
types of general and open-ended questions to test your response. A little time spent in
researching the companies you wish to interview with will go a long way during the actual
interview and will help you answer these type of questions intelligently. At minimum, you
should know what a company's products and services are, why they interest you, and how you
can help support them.
Keep in mind that it's a two-way street. Make sure it's a company for which you want to work,
and you'll be well prepared to answer such questions. Find out everything you can about the
company, including
Products and/or Services
Market Share
Financial Status
Future Plans
History
Culture
Naturally, you may ask about some of these topics during interviews. But it's still a good idea
to find out all you can beforehand, to help you formulate specific questions and show that
you've done your homework.
Panel Interviews
For the Job Seeker, there are often good and bad surprises. Surprises fluster
ill-prepared job seeker but open doors for the prepared seeker. The panel
interview, a job interview with more than one interviewer, poses special
challenges. You must prepare for the dynamics of the panel as a whole, as we
the individual issues of each panel member. Let us see how this can be done.
Every job involves some type of planning. The less experience a person has, t
more he or she should plan and practice. Practice involves thinking or
visualization, and doing i.e. vocalization. Visualize situations where you were
on the spot in front of a group where you knew absolutely no one, and everyb
else there knew each other and wanted to know and judge you. How about th
first time you met (or will meet) your in-laws to be at a formal dinner? Would
feel nervous? That would depend on a number of factors, wouldn't it?
How would you answer the first question, with the entire family looking on an
listening? This challenge is analogous to a panel interview. You seem to answ
the entire group when you answer the question of one person. Would you ans
differently if the same person in a one-to-one interview asked the same first
question? Now other people watch you.
We are talking about a different type of preparation here, emotional and
behavioral preparation. We are preparing your attitude and actions, in concer
the content of your responses. Here are certain invaluable techniques that he
with such a challenge:
Immediately, when you sit down get the name of each interviewer down on p
ergonomically, in a way that shows exactly who is where. They all have one n
to remember, yours. You have two, three, four or five names to deal with, the
Knowing the name of each interviewer is a great advantage. Knowing their tit
within an organization is an enormous one. Use the name of each person onc
when you shake hands at the end of the interview:
"Thank you, Mr. Kapoor, Sir, for your time."
"Mrs. D’Souza. Nice meeting you, Madam"
Use the automatic sprinkler technique when answering questions. Start the a
to each question through eye contact and response with the person that asks
question. Like a sprinkler, rotate in a progressive way to "meet eyes" with eac
interviewer consecutively, before "rotating" to the next person. Start and finis
your answer with the person that asked the question.
Sell Yourself, Smile a lot. Show enthusiasm.
Anticipate the issues and agendas of each interviewer, based on his or her po
within the company. Ask questions that involve positive answers by all parties
questions that create positive consensus. Ask questions that challenge the
imagination of each person.
How do you deal with the one member of the panel that wants to put you on
spot, test you or challenge your credentials? This person just got pulled from
important meeting, just saw your resume, and, feels threatened by the fact t
you have more education, and less experience. With everybody watching, he
"How can you provide specifications and negotiate prices with vendors when
you've never dealt with our lines of tools before?"
The room falls silent. The panel awaits your answer. Never mind the fact that
a minor part of the job, you have to answer the question.
For the prepared interviewer, this is an opportunity.
Behavioral Interviews
The beginning of the interview is like any other, you exchange pleasantries, talk ab
your qualifications and experience and then the interviewer starts asking you those
really weird questions. "Give me a specific example of a time when you could not
handle a important deadline." You search the depths of your memory for an examp
which answers that question and turns that failure into a success as suggested by
favorite book on interview skills, but are unable to come up with a satisfactory ans
The problem is most books offer you advice on succeeding in traditional interviews
not behavioral interviews.
Improve Your Telephone Interview Skills
Looking for a job abroad? Chances are that you will be interviewed on the telephone! Never
given telephone interviews? Don’t panic, given below are some tips that are sure to help you.
There are many aspects you need to know about telephone interviews. Let us begin with the
elementary ones first.
Clarity of speech.
Are you aware of your vocal patterns? Do people clearly understand what you say? First hone
your speaking skills, enunciate your words so that you speak very clearly. Try this following
exercise:
Put a pencil between your teeth and start talking out loud. Speak the answers that you would
normally give during an interview. Difficult, isn't it? If you are doing this right, you will notice
that you are forming your words carefully, speaking more slowly, and consciously enunciating
every word.
Now remove the pencil and speak with that same level of awareness. It will be a pleasure to
be able to speak without any obstacles in your way, however, keep speaking as though the
pencil were still there. Perform this simple exercise before your next telephone interview and
you will be speaking more clearly.
One of the best ways to improve your telephone skills is to conduct a mock interview over the
phone. Ask a friend/relative to call you and ask you typical interview questions. Keep a tape
recorder with a microphone in recording mode running during the duration of your interview.
After you finish the mock interview playback the tape and analyze your performance. Are
there any "uh", "ahs" or "errs" in your speech? Sometimes we tend to use vernacular words
such as "Accha" or "ha" or "nahi". Work towards eliminating these words from your
vocabulary. "Words like "frankly", "actually", "honestly" which creep in our vocabulary should
also be eliminated.
Improve your listening skills.
Listen carefully to understand what the interviewer is saying. Sometimes it is difficult to
understand the accent and it is awkward to request the interviewer to repeat the question. Get
familiar with foreign accents. Watch some foreign movies and pay special attention to the
language and accent. Try and understand every word of what is being said. Special language
learning tapes are also available, TOEFL tapes are a common example of these. Get these
tapes, listen to them and practice answering questions which are asked at the end of the tape.
All this should improve your listening skills. Remember, if you must, ask the interviewer to
repeat the question, but asking too often would create a bad impression and also waste time.
Practice these two simple things and you will drastically improve your telephone interviewing
performance. Not only will you be speaking more clearly and professionally but you will also
find that your everyday speech will improve and be much more effective. Who knows, you
might even get that job a little faster!
Facing Interviews
The Importance of an Interview
The interview is normally the last step of the hiring process--and probably the most
important. It offers both you and the employer the opportunity to meet one another,
exchange information and come to tentative conclusions about working together.
Depending on the organization you may have to face one or several interviews.
The interview is a two-way process. You evaluate the employer while he/she evaluates
you. Since there is no one way of facing an interviewing, you will have to develop your ow
style. In the short amount of time that you will spend with a potential employer, you will
either be accepted or rejected, so you must project yourself in a positive, enthusiastic
manner.
The interview gives the employer the opportunity to meet you in person and to evaluate
the "complete" you. This includes your attitude, appearance, personality, confidence,
knowledge about yourself, and knowledge about the company, as well as suitability and
basic ability to do the job.
Before the Interview
Before appearing for the interview you should extensively research the company you have
applied to. This creates a good impression and shows your keenness to work with the
organization. Get hold of a balance sheet of the organization. You will find a wealth of
information in the balance sheet. Some of the information you should know includes:
•
size of organization
•
location of facilities and offices
•
structure of organization - by product line, function,
•
past, current & potential growth
•
types of clients
•
Product portfolio.
•
potential markets, products, services
•
price of products or services
•
present value and structure of assets
•
recent items in the news
•
who the competitor is
•
training provisions
•
vision of the CEO
•
others you know in the organization
•
stock price
It is also important to research issues, trends, problems, and buzz words of the industry.
Such information can be obtained from people in the field, company literature, trade
journals, newsletters, business magazines, and directories. Prepare a list of wellresearched questions for the interviewer.
Be Aware of Yourself
•
Analyze your strengths and weaknesses and accordingly decide what you want to
say and do not want to say during the interview.
•
Think and write out answers to possible questions from the interviewer.
•
Evaluate problem areas in your track record and be prepared to offer a strong and
convincing reasons for these during the interview, if necessary. Do not provide
negative information about yourself unless asked for.
•
Request a friend or relative to conduct a mock interview.
On The Day of the Interview
•
Ensure that you know the name and designation of each individual with whom you
are to meet.
•
Know exactly how to get to the organization and arrive at least ten minutes before
the interview
•
Dress to project an image of confidence and success; your total appearance should
be appropriate to the job. Carry with you additional materials to the interview such
as copies of your resume, a list of references, samples of your work, or your degre
and certificates.
During the Interview
•
Before you are actually asked to enter the room where the interviews are being
conducted do not get impatient or restless, wait for them to call you.
•
When you are asked to proceed, knock on the door and wait to be called in the
room.
•
Greet all the people inside the room
•
Do not sit down unless asked to.
•
Thank the interviewer/s after sitting down.
•
Before the interview, you should decide what you are going to communicate and
how you are going to get your communication across. What you will want to
communicate are: personal qualities, functional skills, your achievements and
special areas of knowledge that relate to the particular interviewer or organization
How you are going to get your communication across will depend on your choice o
words, non-verbal gestures and your attitude.
•
Have an open attitude that is sensitive to the interviewer’s style.
•
You should be thinking positively. (If you don't think you are the best candidate for
the job, how can you hope to convince the employer you are the best?)
•
The non-verbal behaviors that contribute to rapport are dress and posture, eye
contact, handshake, voice level, and gestures.
•
The verbal behaviors contributing to build rapport with the interviewer include
courteous observations and proper choice of words.
•
Be positive in your choice of words and choose words that are affirmative and
indicate your level of determination and dedication.
•
Back up your statements with concrete examples and achievements.
•
Summarize your strengths before finishing what you have to say.
•
If you are not able to answer some questions, admit it, do not try to invent an
answer.
•
Listen to the question carefully. Let the interviewer complete his question before
you reply.
•
If you have not heard the question clearly ask the interviewer to repeat the
question.
•
Once the interview is completed, thank the interviewer/s before leaving the room.
•
Set up the next contact by asking "When should I expect to hear from you" or
"When should I get back to you?"
•
If you have any questions or clarifications, you can ask the interviewer after the
interview is complete.
The Importance of Body Language
•
Pay attention to your body language and non-verbal communication. Your body
language should exude confidence, sincerity and high energy level.
•
Your words and gestures must be in agreement.
•
Maintain eye contact with the interviewer while answering or listening to the
interviewer. Do not look at your shoes or the floor.
•
Do not fidget in your seat or fiddle with your tie etc.
•
Keep your hands relaxed and use them to animate or express interest
•
Maintain an erect posture, do not slouch in the chair.
•
Keep your facial expression pleasant, it can add or deduct sincerity from your
words.
•
Keep your voice tone firm, well modulated and relaxed.
•
Be aware of the things you do when nervous and try to keep them under check.
•
Actively listen to the interviewer.
After the Interview
•
Use the interview as a learning experience. Take notes on what you would like to
improve after you leave the room.
•
Send a follow-up letter to thank the interviewer, and stress points in your
background that qualify you for the position.
•
If you are not contacted within the specified time, call to restate your interest.
•
It is usually best not to accept a job offer on the spot; state your interest and
appreciation for the offer and request a reasonable amount of time to consider the
offer.
•
Be sure to evaluate all aspects of the job before accepting it rather than afterward
Once you have accepted a position, your commitment is considered binding by the
employer.
•
If you do not get the job, you may want to ask the interviewer for some
constructive criticism or recommendations for future interviews. If you are
consistently passed over for positions, try to identify potential problems; then seek
guidance for improvement.
60 Top Questions Asked in Interviews
QUESTIONS ABOUT YOURSELF
1. Tell me about yourself.
2. What do you consider to be one of your weaknesses (strengths)?
3. What is unique about you?
4. What qualifications do you have that indicate you will be successful in your field?
How would they relate to our position? What do you have to offer?
5. What are your own special abilities?
6. What new skills or capabilities have you developed over the past year?
7. What have you done which shows initiative and willingness to work?
8. What are your greatest work and non-work accomplishments during the past two
years?
9. Describe three things that are most important to you in a job.
10. What motivates you?
11. What have you been doing since your graduation from college? Since you left your
last job?
12. How would a co-worker, or friend, or boss describe you?
13. What are your interests outside of work, college?
14. What qualities do you admire most in others?
15. How would you describe your own work style?
QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR CAREER GOALS
1. Where do you see yourself five/ten years from now?
2. What type of position are you interested in?
3. What are your salary requirements--short term/long term?
4. What is success? What personal characteristics will contribute to your success?
5. How will employment with us contribute to your career plans?
6. What do you expect from a job?
7. What are your career objectives - short and long term?
8. This job is a total change from previous employment. How does it fit your career
goals?
9. What are your location preferences?
QUESTIONS ABOUT SCHOOL EDUCATION
1. How does your education relate to this position (or how does your education
prepare you for this position)?
2. What activities did you engage in at college?
3. What classes did you like most in college? Least? Why?
4. Why did you decide to go to _______________ college?
5. Why did you choose your particular specialization?
6. Describe your academic strengths and weaknesses?
7. What are your plans for continuing your education?
8. What career related skills do you possess as a result of your academic preparation?
9. What have you read recently in your field?
PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE QUESTIONS
1. What have you learned from your past jobs?
2. How often, and in what way, did you communicate with your subordinates and
superiors?
3. What were the biggest pressures on your last job?
4. What challenges did you face in your last job and how did you overcome them?
5. What were some of your biggest achievements in your last job?
6. How did your job description for your last job change while you held it?
7. What specific skills acquired or used in previous jobs relate to this position?
8. How does your previous experience relate to this position?
9. Why did you leave your last job?
10. What did you like most/least about your last job?
11. Whom may we contact for references?
QUESTIONS SPECIFIC TO THE COMPANY/JOB
1. Why should we hire you?
2. Why do you want to work here?
3. What do you know about this organization?
4. What salary do you expect?
5. Why do you think you would like this type of position? Company?
6. What kind of boss do you like to work for?
7. How long do you intend to stay here?
8. What do you think determines a person's progress in an organization?
9. What interests you about our product or service? How would you improve it?
10. What do you think would be your greatest contribution to our operation?
11. How do you solve problems?
12. When can you start to work?
13. Can you travel overnight?
PROBLEM QUESTIONS
1. "Tell me about yourself."
This question is generally asked for two reasons
-To find out about your general job skills
-To find out about your communication skills.
Answer it by describing your best qualifications for the job. Cite specific examples
wherever you can to support your claims.
2. "What is your major weakness?"
Don't be negative while answering this question. Instead project a positive aspect
as one of your weaknesses.
Examples:
-Sometimes I tend to get over involved in my work.
-Sometimes I get over enthusiastic about my work.
-I ask too many questions to understand my work thoroughly
3. What salary do you expect?
This is a tough question, if you ask for something high you might price yourself out
of the job, if you ask for something low, you might get paid less than what should
be rightfully yours. Never state a flat amount, always mention a range that would
go slightly above what you would find acceptable.
Another alternative is to state that you would expect what any other employee in
the company with similar education and background is drawing or to ask the
employer what someone with your experience and background are worth.
4. "Why do you want to work for this company?"
The employer asks this question to find out how much homework you have done
about the company.
You can demonstrate your knowledge about the company by giving answers that
indicate that you have researched the company. Your answers can include "I've
talked to some of your employees and I feel this company is a good company to
work with because…” " I've been reading about the company's future plans and they
look promising…"
5. "Why did you leave your last job?"
The employer asks this question to find out if you had any problems on your last
job.
- Never say anything negative about yourself or your previous employer. If you did
have problems think of a way to explain without being negative.
- If you were asked to leave the company do not use the word "fired" or "sacked".
Use words such as "laid off" or "downsized"
- If you were asked to leave and are not on good terms with your previous
employer, maybe you should explain. Try to show that you learned something from
the situation.
- Tell the employer that the former problem (if it is personal) will not affect your
work.
- Common reasons for leaving: general layoff, job was temporary, moved to a new
area, company went out of business, no room for advancement, wanted a job that
would better use your skills.
6. "What are your future plans?"
The interviewer might want to know how ambitious are you, do you plan ahead or
set goals for yourself. He/she might also try to figure out if you are likely to stay
with the company for a significant amount of time or whether you are just using the
job as a stop gap arrangement till you land a better job.
Resume Writing
Make Your Resume A Ready Reckoner About You...
Assuming that your qualifications and other achievements have the effect of your name
being listed as a probable for further contact by the organization, then it is your resume
that they will refer to for further clarifications. So your resume assumes the allimportant role of telling a prospective employer any facts that he may want to know.
And just think, when you want some information from written material, what would you
prefer - to have it highlighted or to have to wade through other information before
arriving at what you want. Undoubtedly you would prefer to have it highlighted as
everyone prefers to get things done quickly.
The actual sections of your resume should be easily distinguishable.
The different sections of your resume like qualifications, work experience, projects
handled and so on should be easily distinguishable. They should be highlighted in such a
manner that one glance should suffice for a person to locate the section that he is
looking for. While taking a decision a prospective employer may need to look at certain
specific areas in your resume in order to compare and contrast it with others. So the
resume should be as ‘user-friendly’ as possible.
Your name and contact information should be given the vantage point in the
resume.
It is essential that all information about how to contact you be mentioned boldly. It
should ideally be mentioned along with your name. If everything else works in your
favor and a prospective employer has to go through the entire resume to find your
telephone number or address, it may not reflect well on your ability to organize
information.
Current
employment
status
should
be
emphasized.
In case you happen to be working somewhere, do emphasize the fact and also mention
why you are looking for another job. It is important that the reason be elaborated in
words that reflect an attitude of desire for growth and challenge. The most common
reason for changing jobs is for better monetary prospects. It may be the reason for you
too, however spelling it out as such in the resume may not create a very good
impression. Monetary considerations are best discussed face to face at a later stage.
Focus
on
job
specific
requirements.
Focus on a job specific skill/experience and ensure that it stands out at first glance.
Often when inundated with many applications prospective employers may glance
through them cursorily to sift out inappropriate ones. Highlighting your strong points
boldly, especially if you happen to have what they are looking for, will ensure that you
pass through this stage successfully.
Mentioning
salary
expected.
Many organizations expressly ask for a mention of salary expected. In such cases, it is
advisable to talk to people and find a current assessment of salary for similar posts in
other organizations. By mentioning the current market value of your services, you
ensure a good remuneration package for yourself. On the other hand if you quote
offhand, you may run the risk of either underselling yourself or quoting too much. In the
former case if you are selected and later find that you are paid less than current market
rate, it will lead to dissatisfaction. And by stating more than the average market rate you
run the risk of being rejected offhand
Powerful Words That Get Your Resume Noticed
When you read anything, it can either motivate you to know more or leave you
unaffected. Why the different reactions? Well, whatever you read is a collection of
thoughts or facts presented by linking together several words. If the words used are
chosen with great care, then the desired effect of the reader retaining whatever he has
read is achieved, and moreover it kindles a desire to know more. And if the words chosen
are mundane and commonplace whatever the reader reads, might not stay with him for
long. What effect would you like your resume to have? Obviously you would want the
reader to be motivated to learn more and thus get in touch with you. The secret for
doing this rests in your hand, in the words you use to describe yourself and your
achievements. A few pointers for achieving this result.
It
is
important
to
be
positive
The golden rule for writing resumes is to always use positive language. Never ever use
negative
sentences.
For
example:
You may have a few years of teaching experience and are applying to a research
institute. In that case never say, “I have never worked on research projects before.”
Instead say, “To work on research projects has always been an ardent desire.” This will
take the focus away from the fact that you are a novice for research and will instead
focus on your eagerness and interest in research.
Describe
yourself
in
glowing
terms
This is the time to blow your own trumpet. Do it unabashedly. Do not underplay or
overlook any achievement however small it may be. Anything that you have achieved is a
positive asset, so write it down, it might help. Never generalize your achievements, list
them specifically giving enough details. Sometimes small achievements or qualifications
may highlight a part of your personality that someone may be looking for.
For
example:
“President, Interact Club, Christ Church College”, is too general, no one will give it a
second look. After all as President you may have been incharge of several activities.
Mention a couple. You may say “Organized arrangements for campus interviews, set up a
career counseling centre and coordinated cultural events as President of Interact Club,
Christ Church College.” You never know, organizational abilities might be high on the
priority list of the organization you have sent your resume to.
Use
words
that
convey
action
Every organization wants people who are dynamic and enterprising. Your resume should
emphasize on the ‘actions’ that you have been involved in. Use words like “participated,
performed, conceived, conducted, coordinated, proposed” to describe your activities.
Such descriptions score better than mundane descriptions.
Some
‘power’
words
to
add
to
your
repertoire
Demonstrated, earned, established, proficient in, recommended, facilitated, generated,
implemented, improved, solved, streamlined, initiated, set up, instructed, maintained,
launched. These are but a few drops from the vast sea of words. Wading through these
words will undoubtedly put you on the right track to look for words that specifically
describe you and your achievements in a flattering manner.
Qualifications And Experience - A Job Specific Focus
When you start applying for jobs it is advisable to apply to different types of
organizations. In today’s fast changing scenario you never know where your skills may
be put to use. Without limiting yourself to a particular job definition you could make an
effort to diversify and then develop job specific skills. So your resume for each job that
you apply to should be different, it should be customized according to the job
requirements.
Where
should
the
spotlight
be?
The listing of your educational qualifications and work experience need not be the same
for every job that you apply to. Analyze the kind of work that you feel they expect and
elaborate on your skills in that aspect. Let us assume that a graduate in computer
science applies for the job of a sales executive in a software company. Well the software
related skills are important, he should be mentioning that but what needs to be
elaborated upon is his ‘people’ skills. A sales executive needs to meet a lot of people and
sell his product/concept, and even if the product is of very high quality its features need
to be highlighted and showcased. So the type of person that the company would be
looking for would be a person with excellent communication skills backed by knowledge
of software. Emphasis can be laid on interaction with people like teamwork during
projects, visiting various companies to showcase and test one’s project and presentations
made if any can be mentioned, as it points out public speaking skills.
Spell
out
your
willingness
clearly
Evaluate the organization that you are applying to. Multinational companies expect their
employees to change their place of operation from time to time. If you have no
objections to that, then tell them so. Indicate clearly your willingness to work in any
place in the country. This is a point that will work in your favor. If the profile indicates
traveling and you are game for it, do spell out your willingness to travel. Similarly it is
important to clearly state the number of languages you know and your level of
proficiency in them. This will indicate the best region for you to operate in.
On
the
job
training
There are many organizations that provide on the job training too, for this you require an
open and positive attitude. If an organization offers on the job training, it does not reflect
poorly on your existing qualifications but rather it aims to supplement and mould your
skills to the requirements of the job. So, before applying, do your homework and find out
about the organization and if on the job training is the norm, do indicate your willingness
to enhance your skills
Writing CVs
You are looking for a job and want to present yourself in the best possible manner to an
employer. What do you do? You write a 'CV' (Curriculum Vitae - Latin for 'Life Story'
called in some countries as a 'Resume'.
CVs are looked at differently depending upon the nature of the employer. Principally, it is
important to follow the correct practice of your culture and country but balance it with
the employers' needs.
What are CVs used for?
CVs or Resumes are about presenting an impressive image of you to an employer.
Employers look at a hundred CVs for the same job and finally choose only one.
So what would make them choose you?
Tips for a writing a CV
Be Innovative!
Consider finding out more about the job you are applying for. Analyze your personal
skills, talents, education, work experience and compare them with skills required for that
job. Do you have enough information about the job?
Spend some time researching details about the job(s) that interest you and information
about the employer.
Personal Details
Include your name, home address, college address, phone number, email address, date
of birth and also your gender if it is not obvious form your name! Also include your
homepage URL if you have a good one. (It makes an impression)
Education
Include the different places where you have studied- (most recent education first).
Include subjects, courses taken in each year of study. Include any special project, thesis
or other work completed during this period.
The Pre-college courses (Junior college, high school, etc.) details should be included.
Work Experience
List out your most recent experience first. Give the name of the employer, job title and
your own job function. Part-time work experience should be included.
Interests
Employers will be particularly interested in your leadership qualities and your ability to
innovate and contribute to their company's success. They would like to know the various
responsibilities you have previously taken up and completed. Personal hobbies do not
interest them as much as your role as a leader. Give details if any, of your participation
as an organizer for any social event.
Skills
Ability in other languages, computing experience and extra curricular like debates, etc.
should be included.
References
Include two names - one from your place of study and one from any work situation you
have had. Make sure eligible people who have worked with you or have corresponded
with you give these references. Also give their contact numbers.
Length
Try using space as liberally as possible. Do not clog your CV onto one A4 size page. Take
two pages but give enough area for your track record!
Style
There are two main styles of CV, with variations in them.
Chronological:
Information is included under general headings - education, work experience, etc., with
the most recent events first.
Skills based
You apply through the necessary skills required for the job. List all your personal details
under these skill headings. This is called 'targeting your CV'. But it is best to prepare a
CV, which suits the workplace environment and the nature of the people in the
organization and country.
Presentation
You can present your CV depending on the company you are applying to. A big company
would
generally expect a formal CV on a white paper. But if it is a television production job, or a
graphic
designer, the paper could be less formal and the CV, a bit unconventional.
A CV can be constructed on a Word Processor (MS Word, WordPerfect or Lotus). It has to
be well laid
out and printed on a good quality printer. Do not use bold and/or underline print for
headings. Avoid
using different font types and sizes. Use plenty of white paper and a good border round
the page. Use a
spell check on your computer and consider using 'bullets' to start sub-sections or lists.
Imagine yourself as an employer and write a CV which is easy to understand, short and
attractive.
Covering Letter
A Covering letter is required for reaching the CV to the person directly involved with
handling the
applications for jobs. It is important that one knows the name, designation (usually the
Human
Resource Personnel/Manager) of the personnel handling the applications.
In the Covering letter, try to be subtle about your achievements and try not to boast
about them. Do not
say 'I would be interested in working for Param Technologies Ltd.' but say 'I believe my
skills enable me
to take up the responsibility of a Product Development Manager at Param Technologies
Ltd.'
Start your letter with an underlined heading giving the job title you are interested in. Use
the style and
pattern best suited to your culture and country. Be polite and the letter should only be on
one side of A4 paper. Also mention when you are available for the interview and request
for any extra information about
the job you are applying for.
To summarize, be unconventional and put across your character through different angles
of your
personality. Under no circumstances should he feel that you have put down irrelevant
information about
yourself. Be brief in explaining your achievements and try to control the desire of luring
your employer
with long list of achievements. Be subtle but yet forward about your thoughts. These
principles and
guidelines might not land you with the right job but at least they will make you realize
how a great CV
can make a big difference!
MAY YOU BE SUCCESSFUL!
Writing Covering Letters
The application for a professional position generally consists of two documents, a resume
accompanied by a covering letter. This article describes the covering letter. While the
resume is a somewhat generic document about yourself, that you may send unaltered to
many different companies, the covering letter adds that personal touch for each specific
job. A covering letter is a sort of a schematic about yourself. It reflects your personality,
your attention to detail, your communication skills, your enthusiasm, and your intellect.
Your cover letter and resume are usually all that a prospective employer has to decide
whether or not you will reach the next phase in the application process--the interview.
Here are a few tips for writing covering letters to be sent along with your resume.
The name and address of the company to which you are applying should be mentioned
on each covering letter and you should address by name the specific individual who will
process your application. If you do not know the name of the person, mention the
designation of the person to whom you are applying. Each letter should also make
specific references to the company and indicate your knowledge of and interest in the
work the company is currently doing.
In addition to tailoring your application towards a specific job, the covering letter also
allows you to highlight the most important and relevant accomplishments, skills, and
experience listed in your resume which might of relevance to that particular job. The
covering letter also lets you specifically request an interview.
Covering Letter Contents
State the job you are applying for in the very first paragraph of your letter. Also mention
how you learnt about the job, if you have any personal contacts in the company, this is
the correct place to mention them. You should also state your general qualifications for
the job. Keep this paragraph brief, perhaps two or three sentences.
In the body of the letter expand upon your qualifications for the position. Pick out the
most relevant qualifications and job experience for the job from your resume and
highlight them, discussing in detail, demonstrating how your background and experience
qualify you for the job. Try to be as specific as possible, and refer the reader to your
resume for additional details.
In the concluding paragraph of your letter, you should request an interview (or some
other response, if appropriate). State where and when you can be reached, and express
your willingness to come to an interview or supply further information. Close by thanking
your reader for his or her time and consideration.
Format of the Covering Letter
The sample given below of a covering letter should give you a fair idea about the format
of the letter.
Sample Covering Letter
A-2, Oakview
Apartments
M.G.Road,
Pune 411001
November 19, 1999
To :
M/s ABC Technologies,
1st Lane, 10th Cross
Bangalore 560017
Kind Attn : Mr. Rajesh Chandan,
Human Resources Manager
Dear Sir,
Your advertisement for software engineers in the November issue of the Computers
Today caught my attention. I was drawn to the ad by my strong interest in both software
design and ABC Technologies.
I have worked with DEF systems in developing database applications, and I also have
substantial experience in the design of web application software. Because of this
experience, I can make a direct and immediate contribution to your company. I have
enclosed a copy of my resume, which details my qualifications and suggests how I might
be of service to ABC Technologies.
I would like very much to meet with you to discuss your open positions for software
engineers. If you wish to arrange an interview, please contact me at the above address
or by telephone at (080) – 522330.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
Sincerely yours,
Sampat Gourav