PHR403 LIBRARY & DRUG INFORMATION Practical Assignment 4 December 10, 2013 Fall Semester 2013-14 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 1 Searching MEDLINE 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 2 OBJECTIVE • The aim of this assignment is to practice searching skills in MEDLINE. By the end of this session you should be able to 1. Form search term string by combining search terms using Boolean operators. 2. Perform a search using keywords and MeSH terms 3. Narrow search results using filters(limits) and field tags 4. Save the search result in a file 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 3 Keyword(s) & Synonym(s) Keyword(s) • A significant word used as a reference point for finding information Synonym(s) • Synonyms for the terms are words that have the same or nearly the same meaning. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 4 Search Query • The actual word (Search term) or string of words (Search term string) that a search engine user types into the search box 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 5 Boolean Logical Operators E H E H E H E AND E OR E H H NOT H •These operators must be typed in UPPER CASE (AND, OR, and NOT) 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 6 Search Processing •All operators are processed in a left-to-right sequence. “Nesting” (enclose search terms in parentheses) can be used to change the order in which the operators in a search statement are processed. CP CP AS AS C Cardioprotection AND Aspirin OR Captopril 12/15/2013 C Cardioprotection AND (Aspirin OR Captopril) Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 7 Wildcard/ Truncation search This search is based on a root word and all of its variations that might prove valuable will be searched. example: using “flavor” as a root word to find all terms that begin with flavor: [flavored, flavorful, etc.] Place an asterisk at the end of a term to search for all words that begin with it, e.g., flavor* 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 8 Field Qualifiers (Tag) Add a “tag” [field qualifier] after the search term to narrow the search to specific field enclosed in brackets. The tag qualifiers can be in upper or lower case. example: Multiple sclerosis [tw] – text word Miller DK [au] author 12/15/2013Hypertension [ti] Amani - Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 9 Filters 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 10 Search results • Citations are initially displayed 20 items per page with the most recently entered citations displayed first Title Authors Pagination Journal title abbreviation 12/15/2013 Publication date Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 11 Task (1): Use the following question to practice search in MEDLINE A patient developed hepatitis 2 weeks after initiation of a 7-day course of oral ciprofloxacin. The doctor wants to know if you can find any case reports or review articles published (in English) in the last 10 years on this topic. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 12 Now, we will practice I- Keyword Search 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 13 PHR 403 Plan Your Search 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 14 Identify relevant keywords and limits A patient developed hepatitis 2 weeks after initiation of a 7-day course of oral ciprofloxacin The doctor wants to know if you can find any case reports or review articles published (in English) in the last 10 years on this topic. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 15 Identify relevant keywords and limits A patient developed hepatitis 2 weeks after initiation of a 7-day course of oral ciprofloxacin The doctor wants to know if you can find any case reports or review articles published (in English) in the last 10 years on this topic. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 16 • Keyword (search term) • Synonym (s) Keyword (s) • (1) (1) Hepatitis • (2) (2) Ciprofloxacin Limits : : • Limits Synonym (s) Languages : English Article types: Review , case study Publication dates: last 10 years 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 17 • Keyword (search term) Keyword (s)(s) • Synonym Synonym (s) • (1) (1) Hepatitis Liver injury Hepatotoxicity • (2) Inflammation of the liver • Limits : Liver damage (2) Ciprofloxacin Quinolone Fluoroquinolone Cipro Limits : Languages : English Article types: Review , case study Publication dates: last 10 years 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 18 (I-b) Combine search terms (keywords) together using Boolean Operators to form a search term string then use it to perform a search in the PubMed database. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 19 Broad search results using OR Keyword-1 OR Keyword-2 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 20 Narrow search results using AND Keyword-1 AND Keyword-2 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 21 Narrow search results by adding a “tag” (field qualifier) Keyword-1[ti] AND Keyword-2[ti] 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 22 (I-c) Combine search terms (keywords & Synonyms) together using Boolean Operators to form a search term string 2 then use it to perform a search in the PubMed database. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 23 (Keyword-1 OR Synonym-1) AND (Keyword-2 OR (Synonym-2) 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 24 Repeat your PubMed Search for search term string(2) using selected filters (limits) 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 25 Now, we will practice (2) MeSH Search 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 26 learn how to search Mesh database 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 27 • • • • • • • • • • • • • In the dropdown menu, choose MeSH database. If you turn on MeSH database, your keyword search terms will automatically mapped to a single MeSH term. In MeSH database, type one keyword at a time so you can check whether there is a MeSH term that relates to it. Click on the MeSH term that you need. You will see the following items: Subheadings Restrict to MeSH Major Topic. Do not include MeSH terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy. Entry Terms (These are alternative terms to your keyword.) MeSH trees You can click on the boxes that you need on these items to limit the search result. After selecting the items, go to ‘PubMed search builder’ on the upper right of your monitor and click on ‘Add to search builder’. Repeat the same procedure for all the keywords separately. Finally click on ‘Search PubMed’. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 28 Do NOT forget to remove limits before a new search 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 29 Clear filters 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 30 Searching – MeSH terms and subheadings in MEDLINE 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 31 In the dropdown menu, choose MeSH database. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 32 In MeSH database, type one keyword at a time 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 33 Click on the MeSH term that you need After selecting the items, go to ‘PubMed search builder’ on the upper right of your monitor and click on ‘Add to search builder’. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 34 MeSH Tree 12/15/2013 Click on the MeSH term that you need. You will see the following items: Subheadings Restrict to MeSH Major Topic. Do not include MeSH terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy. You can click on the boxes that you need on these items to limit the search result. Entry Terms (These are alternative terms to your keyword.) MeSH trees Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 35 Repeat the same procedure for all the keywords separately 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 36 Click on the MeSH term that you need. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 37 You will see Subheading, Entry terms & tree 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 38 select the relevant term, click on ‘Add to search builder’. Finally click on ‘Search PubMed’. 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 39 MeSh term “Hepatitis” 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 40 MeSh term “Drug-Induced Liver injury” 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 41 Repeat your PubMed Search for search term string(2) using filters (limits) 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 42 Save results to file 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 43 What to do if you get Too few citations Too many citations Expand search • Click the Related citations • Remove specific terms from the search box. • Try using alternative terms to describe the concepts you are searching Narrow search 12/15/2013 • Replace general search terms with more specific ones • Add additional terms to your search. • Use the sidebar filters to restrict your results by publication dates, species, article types, etc. Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 44 Task (2): Now, the doctor wants to know your opinion; “Is ciprofloxacin a possible cause of hepatitis?” Read the abstract of the article(s) you choose as the most relevant and synthesis your response. Response : …………………………………………..…………………………………………..……… …………………………………..…………………………………………..……………… …………………………..…………………………………………..……………………… …………………………..…………………………………………..……………………… …………………………..…………………………………………..……………………… …………………………..…………………………………………..……………………… 12/15/2013 Amani Ramadan Gomaa, PharmD 45
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