Life Science Sample Questions Name: ____________________________________________ 1) How many phenotypes resulted from Mendel's cross between two hybrid green-podded pea plants (Gg x Gg)? [Use the blank Punnett square below to work out your answer.] A) Four B) Two 2) How did the invention of the electron microscope help researchers learn more about viruses? 7) Changes over time in the mouse and snake populations in a field ecosystem are shown in the graph below. C) Three D) One You should never heat a solution in a(n) ‡‡ A) B) C) D) 3) 6) closed container clean container open container heat-resistant container What are two ways that the organism shown below differs from organisms in the Plantae kingdom? What conclusion can be drawn from this information? 8) Most plant roots grow underground, therefore they cannot ‡‡ A) spread out B) store food C) gather sunlight D) absorb nutrients 9) 4) A snake is different from a lizard for all of the following reasons except ‡‡ A) B) C) D) 5) it has no ear openings it has scaly skin it has no limbs it has immovable eyelids In addition to liver damage, alcohol has been known to cause ________ damage. A) brain C) bone B) lung D) muscle Which letter in the given diagram represents a centipede? [Explain your answer.] 10) The diagram below shows a portion of a DNA molecule. 13) Which of the following worms is classified as a flatworm? A) B) The base sequence of the unlabeled strand shown in the diagram is most likely A) T-C-T-G C) G-A-G-T B) G-A-G-U D) C-U-C-A 11) C) Some of the ideas in Darwin's theory of natural selection are represented in the diagram below D) Which concept would be correctly placed in box X? A) Ecological succession B) Passing on of acquired traits C) Use and disuse D) Variation 12) A plant biologist is developing a new fertilizer called SureGrow. To test whether SureGrow helps plants grow faster than MegaGrow, a fertilizer already on the market, she designs an experiment. What should the scientist do with light during the experiment? A) Leave the lights on for varying lengths of time each day. B) Apply the same amount of light to all the plants. C) Apply only red light to all the plants. D) Keep the plants in darkness. 14) What substance are the fish below adding to the water as they use up the supply of oxygen in the water? A) B) C) D) Nitrogen Carbon monoxide Hydrogen Carbon dioxide 15) Questions 20 and 21 refer to the following: Which of the following is most likely a learned behavior? A) A cat running to the kitchen at the sound of a can opening B) Birds migrating south to a warmer climate C) A deer eating grass in a large meadow D) Fish swimming upstream to mate where they were born 16) The angiosperm structure shown below has a similar function to what gymnosperm structure? 20) A) Cone B) Needle 17) What type of bacteria might be represented by the microscope image below? C) Spore D) Root Many athletes consume foods rich in carbohydrates before they compete. Why? A) Spirillum B) Coccus 21) 18) Human insulin is produced naturally in the body. When someone is a diabetic, they are unable to properly produce their own insulin. What process do scientists use in the laboratory to produce insulin that treat diabetics? A) ultrasound B) karyotyping C) insulinitis D) recombinant DNA 19) Explain how a cell differs from a tissue in a multicellular organism. C) Bacillus D) Protozoan What type of bacteria might be represented in the microscope image below? A) B) C) D) Streptobacillus Staphylococcus Streptospirillum Diplococcus 22) ? Why are invasive species so detrimental to the stability of an ecosystem? A) They all give off toxins in the environment. B) They all produce too much carbon monoxide. C) They do not have any food to eat. D) They do not have any natural predators. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 24) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Sharks and dolphins are very different organisms even though the look very much alike. ? ? ? ? ? ? 23) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The diagram below represents a microscopic view of a plant root. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The process in which the unrelated organisms shown evolved to resemble each other is known as ‡‡ ? ? ? ? A) B) C) D) ? ? ? Identify the thread-like structures extending from the root surface. Explain their function and how they achieve their purpose. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? All of the following are functions of hair in mammals excep t ‡‡ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? A) B) C) D) ? ? regulating body temperature protecting the skin from ultraviolet light delivering oxygen to the body cells preventing foreign particles from entering the nose or eyes ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 26) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? punctuated equilibrium convergent evolution adaptive radiation gradualism ? ? 25) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Which of the following animals belongs to what is considered to be the most intelligent vertebrate group? [Explain why.]