Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
Everything for convenient,
accurate nucleic acid analysis—
except the sample
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
The most complete collection of
nucleic acid electrophoresis and analysis tools
→ Easy ordering from an all-inclusive supplier
→ Ready-to-use products reduce opportunities for introducing error
→ Thoroughly tested reagents provide proven results
Simplify your life. Instead of running around placing and tracking multiple orders, call Invitrogen, your one-stop shop. You’ll find all the
high-quality tools you need for dependable, accurate performance in your nucleic acid electrophoresis and analysis experiments. In this
guide you’ll find a brief overview of the tools available. For more information, visit the online resources listed in Table 1.
Tools
Page
Precast, hassle-free agarose gels
3
Safe, sensitive DNA stains
10
Convenient nucleic acid markers
11
Highest purity and reliability with UltraPure™ reagents
13
Table 1—Online resources.
Description
Website
E-Gel® precast agarose gels
www.invitrogen.com/egels
DNA markers
www.invitrogen.com/namarkers
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain
www.invitrogen.com/sybrsafe
Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator
www.invitrogen.com/safeimager
UltraPure™ reagents
www.invitrogen.com (search for “UltraPure”)
Protein electrophoresis
www.invitrogen.com/proteomics
Ordering
www.invitrogen.com
Precast, hassle-free agarose gels
E-Gels make agarose electrophoresis fast, easy, and safe
Each E-Gel® agarose gel is a self-contained, complete electrophoresis system that includes
agarose, your choice of DNA gel stain (or no gel stain), electrodes, and patented ion-exchange
matrices contained inside a disposable, UV-transparent cassette. With E-Gels, you don’t have
to pour gels, make buffer, or even have a gel box and power supply. Just load your samples
and run (Figure 1). You’ll have results in as little as 7 minutes. E-Gels are available in a variety of
agarose percentages and formats to meet all your throughput needs. And they are stable at
room temperature so you can keep them on your bench, always ready to run.
E-Gels run in their own bases that include a built-in power supply. Choose either the
new E-Gel® iBase™ Power System (page 6) or the original E-Gel® PowerBase™ v.4 (page 7).
1. Remove E-Gel® cassette from pouch.
Innovative, patented technology
E-Gel® cassettes contain two unique ion-exchange matrices (IEMs) that are in contact with the
running gel and electrodes (Figure 2). The IEMs supply a continuous flow of ions throughout
the gel. This patented technology results in a sustained electrical field with enhanced buffering capacity that eliminates the need for liquid buffer and exposure to ethidium bromide.
2. Insert into E-Gel® iBase™ (shown here)
or E-Gel® PowerBase™ unit.
U.
S.
P.
5
58
2
8
7
6
5
3
2
Upper IEM
The upper IEM, near
the cathode, contains
acetate anions.
AC–
Upper IEM
OH– Ac–
EG
el ™
1
A
ga
4
ro
se
(G
P)
Cathode (–)
70
2
9
10
11
12
Running gel
Tris+
Anode (+)
Lower IEM
H+
Lower IEM
The lower IEM, near the
anode, contains Tris cations
and ethidium bromide.
Tris+
Figure 2—Location of the IEMs in an E-Gel® cassette. Protons and hydroxyl ions, by-products of water electrolyzed during electrophoresis, are exchanged with Tris, ethidium, and acetate ions in the IEMs.
3. Load samples and run. Get results
in 7–30 minutes.
Figure 1—Using E-Gels is as easy as 1-2-3.
www.invitrogen.com
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
Single- and double-comb E-Gels for lowthroughput applications
A
B
Get superior resolution in low-throughput agarose electrophoresis with E-Gels. Single-comb E-Gels contain a single row of 12
sample wells. Double-comb E-Gels contain two rows, each with
eight sample wells and one marker well. The wells are spaced
Figure 3—Sample loading using single- (A) and double-comb (B) E-Gels (in the
E-Gel® PowerBase™ v.4).
for compatibility with 8-channel pipettors for easy, multi-sample
loading (Figure 3). Single- and double-comb E-Gels can be run in
either the new E-Gel® iBase™ Power System or the original E-Gel®
A
B2% Agarose
2% Agarose
(GP) (GP)
0.8% 0.8%
Agarose
Agarose
(GP) (GP)
1 2 13 24 35 46 57 6
8 97 10
8 911 10
12 11 12
PowerBase™ v.4 (pages 7–8).
4% Agarose
4% Agarose
(HR) (HR)
1 2 13 24 35 46 57 68 79 810 911 10
12 11 12 1
2 13 24 35 46 57 68
E-Gels are offered in a variety of agarose concentrations
(Figures 4 and 5). Choose the gel percentage that best suits your
needs (Table 2).
E-Gels come with a convenient selection of DNA staining
options. Choose E-Gels with new 0.8%
SYBR®
Safe DNA Gel Stain or
Agarose (GP)
2% Agarose (GP)
1 2
3
4
5
6
7 8 9 10 11 12
1 2
ethidium bromide incorporated, or Clear E-Gels containing no
3
4
5
6
C
7
8
9 10 11 12
4% Agarose (HR)
1
2 3
4
5 6
7
8
9 10 11 12
DNA stain (Figure 6).
100 bp
50 bp
A
B
0.8% Agarose (GP)–Double Comb
1
2
3
4 M 5
6
7
2% Agarose (GP)–Double Comb
8
1
2
3
4 M 5
6
7
8
10 kb
500 bp
1 kb
100 bp
10 kb
500 bp
1 kb
9
10
11
12 M 13
14
15
16
100 bp
9
10
11
12 M 13
14
15
16
Figure 5—Electrophoresis results using double-comb E-Gels. A. 0.8% agarose.
Lanes 1, 8, 9, 16: High DNA Mass Ladder. Lanes 2, 10: pcDNA™3.1 Nco I-cut.
Lanes 3, 11: pcDNA™3.1 uncut. Lanes 4, 12: pUC18 Pst I-cut. M: Low DNA Mass
Ladder. Lanes 5, 13: 1 kb PCR product. Lanes 6, 14: 3 kb PCR product. Lanes 7,
15: 5 kb PCR product. B. 2% agarose. Lanes 1, 8, 9, 16: 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder.
Lanes 2, 10: pcDNA™3.1 Nco I-cut. Lanes 3, 11: pcDNA™3.1 uncut. Lanes 4, 12:
pUC18 Pst I-cut. M: Low DNA Mass Ladder. Lanes 5, 13: 500 bp PCR product.
Lanes 6, 14: 1 kb PCR product. Lanes 7, 15: 2 kb PCR product.
Figure 4—Electrophoresis results using single-comb E-Gels. A. 0.8% agarose with
ethidium bromide. Lane 4: 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder. Lanes 6–9: 3,871 bp PCR product amplified with Pfx50™ DNA Polymerase. B. 2% agarose with ethidium bromide. Lane 4: 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder. Lanes 6–9: 3,123 bp PCR product amplified
with Pfx50™ DNA Polymerase. C. 4% agarose with ethidium bromide. Lanes 1, 2,
11, 12: 50 bp DNA Ladder. Lanes 5, 6: 25 bp DNA Ladder. Lanes 7, 8: 10 bp DNA
Ladder. Lanes 3, 9: 450 bp PCR product. Lanes 4, 10: 500 bp PCR product.
Table 2—E-Gels come in a range of agarose percentages.
Gel percentage
Resolution range
0.8%
800 bp to 10 kb
1.2%
100 bp to 5 kb
2%
100 bp to 2 kb
4%
20 bp to 500 bp
1.2% Agarose (GP)
1 2 3
4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
E-Gel with SYBR® Safe
®
A
B
1.2% Agarose
1.2% Agarose
(GP) (GP)
1.2% Agarose
1.2% Agarose
(GP) (GP)
8 11
9 12
10 11 12 1 2
1 2 31 24 3
5 46 57 86 97 10
13 24 35 46 57 68 79 810 9
11 10
12 11 12 1 2
1 3 2 4 3 5 4 6 5 7 6 8 7 9 8 10 9 1110 12
11
A
12
B
2% Agarose (GP)
1.2% Agarose (GP)
1 2 3
E-Gel® with ethidium bromide
4
5
6
4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
E-Gel® with
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain
7
8
9 10 11 12
1 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
E-Gel with SYBR® Safe
®
Clear E-Gel®
Figure 6—A selection of E-Gel® precast gels to suit your staining preferences.
A. 1.2% agarose with ethidium bromide, viewed on a standard UV transilluminator. B. 1.2% agarose with SYBR® Safe stain, viewed on the Safe Imager™
Blue-Light Transilluminator. C. 1.2% Clear E-Gel® stained with 1:10,000 dilution
of SYBR® Gold stain for 40 minutes and viewed on the Safe Imager™ Blue-Light
Transilluminator. All gels were loaded with identical samples. Lane 3: 1 Kb Plus
DNA Ladder. Lane 5: 462 bp PCR product. Lane 6: 2,497 bp PCR product. Lane
7: 3,123 bp PCR product. All PCR products were amplified with Pfx50™ DNA
Polymerase. Lane 8: 3,871 bp PCR product. Lane 11: Low DNA Mass Ladder.
E-Gel with SYBR® Safe
®
Figure 7—Clear, easy-to-see bands with SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain. Gels were visualized
on a standard
2% Agarose
(GP) 300 nm UV transilluminator. Photographs were taken
using1 the
MiniBis photo documentation system from DNR, and the SYBR®
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Safe photographic filter using an exposure time of 1.8 sec. A. E-Gel® 1.2% with
SYBR® Safe stain. Lanes 1, 12: High DNA Mass Ladder. Lanes 2, 11: High Range
DNA Ladder. Lane 3: 1 kb PCR product. Lane 4: 3 kb PCR product. Lane 5: 9
kb PCR product. Lanes 6, 7: 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder. Lane 8: pBR322 EcoR I-cut.
Lane 9: pBR322 uncut. Lane 10: pUC19 EcoR I-cut. B. E-Gel® 2% with SYBR® Safe
stain. Lanes 1, 12: Low DNA Mass Ladder. Lanes 2, 11: E-Gel® Low Range Quantitative DNA Ladder. Lane 3: 240 bp PCR product. Lane 4: 317 bp PCR product.
Lane 5: 1 kb PCR product. Lanes 6, 8: 100 bp DNA Ladder. Lane 7: 50 bp DNA
Ladder. Lane 9: pUC19 EcoR I-cut. Lane 10: pUC19 uncut.
E-Gel with SYBR® Safe
®
10,000
E-Gel® precast gels with SYBR® Safe DNA stain
for enhanced safety
SYBR® Safe
stain/blue light
1,000
EtBr/UV
CFU
3
1 2 3
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
C
1.2% Agarose (GP)
1 2
4 5
100
Enjoy the benefits of E-Gel® technology and avoid working with
ethidium bromide. E-Gel® pre-cast gels with SYBR® Safe DNA
stain are run using the same easy protocol as the original E-Gels.
Directly visualize your DNA using an imaging system such as a
laser-based scanner, , or a standard UV transilluminator (Figure 7).
For even greater safety, use the Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator (Figure 8). By eliminating ethidium bromide and UV
transillumination, you enjoy better personal safety and obtain
better cloning efficiency by preventing DNA damage.
10
0
15
30
45
60
120
Exposure time (seconds)
Figure 8—Even a 30 second exposure to ethidium bromide and UV reduces cloning
efficiency. Gels loaded with equal amounts of a PCR product (1.25 kb gene
fragment from Ultimate™ ORF IOH# 11050) were stained with either SYBR®
Safe DNA Gel Stain (1:10,000 in TBE) or ethidium bromide (0.5 µg/ml in TBE)
following electrophoresis. The gels were visualized on either a UV transilluminator (ethidium bromide) or blue-light box (SYBR® Safe stain), and bands
excised after defined exposure times. DNA was purified from the gel fragments under identical conditions and used in parallel subcloning reactions.
Following transformation into One Shot® TOP10 Chemically Competent
E. coli, three serial dilutions were plated and colonies counted using an Alpha
Innotech imaging system.
www.invitrogen.com
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
The easiest way to extract your DNA band: E-Gel® CloneWell
0.8% SYBR® Safe gels and the E-Gel® iBase™ Power System
If cloning is your application, you need E-Gel® CloneWell 0.8% SYBR® Safe gels and the
E-Gel® iBase™ Power System. Using them together, you’ll be able to extract your DNA
bands of interest from the gel without any additional purification steps, saving you time
and effort while maximizing the amount of DNA you recover.
Gels that are smarter by design
The CloneWell gel features two rows of wells (Figure 9). To extract your DNA band of interest without gel purification, simply load your sample into the top row and electrophorese
until your band moves into the second row of wells. Then use a pipette to easily remove
your purified DNA band. Guides on the gel cassette help you track your band of interest
so you know when your DNA is ready for retrieval. There is no need to cut a gel slice and
risk losing your DNA during a gel purification step. The 0.8% agarose concentration is ideal
for separating bands up to 5 kb in length. SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain is incorporated into
the gel itself, allowing you to visually monitor migration on a Safe Imager™ Blue-Light
Transilluminator.
A base designed for tracking
Figure 9—The E-Gel® CloneWell 0.8% SYBR® Safe gel.
The two rows of wells allow you to load samples
in the top row and capture the separated bands
in the bottom row.
The new E-Gel® iBase™ Power System, like the original E-Gel® PowerBase™ unit, is a selfcontained device that includes a built-in power supply. Simply connect the AC adaptor
provided and plug into an electrical outlet. The E-Gel® iBase™ system includes upgraded
features that give you faster run times and better control: the easy-to-read LCD display lets
you view program selection and running time; preset programs are available for various gel
types, or you can manually set your own run times; a reverse program allows you to change
the field direction, ensuring complete capture of DNA when using new CloneWell gels; and
a speed setting allows you to separate DNA in just 7 minutes.. In addition, the E-Gel® iBase™
Power System includes an automatic shutoff feature, so you won’t overrun your gel. The
E-Gel® iBase™ Power System fits on a Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator (Figure 10)
so you can safely observe the DNA bands migrate in the gel.
Figure 10—For maximum convenience and safety, run
E-Gel® CloneWell gels in the E-Gel® iBase™ Power System on a Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator.
The most economical way to get started
E-Gels are available in trial-size Starter Paks, each containing six single-comb E-Gels in
0.8%, 1.2%, 2%, or 4% agarose and an original E-Gel® PowerBase™ v.4 (Figure 11). All you
need are your samples and you’re ready to experience E-Gel® convenience.
The E-Gel® PowerBase™ v.4 simplifies electrophoresis because it’s a base and power supply all in one (Figure 12). To use it, simply place your E-Gel® cassette into the PowerBase™ unit,
attach the AC adaptor provided, plug into the nearest electrical outlet, and run. The E-Gel®
PowerBase™ v.4 has a built-in timer, alarm, and three-color display that indicates when specific programs begin and end. The automatic shutoff prevents gels from ever overrunning.
Medium-throughput E-Gel® 48 gels for automation flexibility
E-Gel® 48 gels are ready-to-use, 48-well agarose gels designed for medium-throughput
analysis of PCR products and DNA fragments. Each gel contains 48 sample wells and four
marker wells with a 3.2 cm run length. Load E-Gel® 48 gels with multichannel pipettors or
with automated liquid handling systems* for increased throughput (Figure 13). DNA bands
Figure 13—Loading an E-Gel® 48 gel using a liquid
handling robot.
resolve clearly in just 20 minutes (Figure 14).
* Robotic scripts for loading E-Gel® 48 gels with various liquid handling systems are available on the Invitrogen
website at www.invitrogen.com/egels.
Figure 11—The convenient E-Gel® Starter Pak. The
E-Gel® Starter Pak contains everything you need
to start running E-Gels: six single-comb E-Gels in
one of four agarose concentrations, and an E-Gel®
PowerBase™ v.4.
Figure 12—The E-Gel® PowerBase™ v.4. Just attach
the AC adaptor provided to the E-Gel® PowerBase™
v.4, plug into an electrical outlet, and you are ready
to run E-Gels.
Figure 14—Clear electrophoretic resolution on a 4%
E-Gel® 48 gel. Lanes 1, 20–21, 38–39, 48, M (lower
right): 25 bp DNA Ladder. Lanes 2–3: Synthetic
21-mer siRNA. Lanes 4–5: undiced dsRNA. Lanes
6–7: diced dsRNA. Lanes 8, 13–14, 34–35: E-Gel®
Low Range Quantitative DNA Ladder. Lanes 9–12,
15–19, 28–33, 36–37, 40–45: various PCR products
(restriction enzyme digested). Lane 22: dsDNA, 60
bp. Lane 23: ssDNA. Lanes 24–25, M (lower left):
50 bp DNA Ladder. Lanes 26–27, M (upper right):
100 bp DNA Ladder. Lanes 46–47, M (upper left):
10 bp DNA Ladder.
www.invitrogen.com
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
E-Gel® 96—a breakthrough in high-throughput electrophoresis
E-Gel® 96 gels are designed for fast, high-throughput DNA electrophoresis. Each gel contains 96 sample wells and eight marker wells with a 1.6 cm run length, in a patented staggered-well format that is compatible with 8-, 12-, and 96-tip automated loading robots
(Figure 15), to provide optimum performance and resolution in high-throughput applications† (Figure 16). With just 12-minute run times, up to 20,000 samples can be run in a
single day, saving you weeks of screening time. For precise and effortless tracking of gels,
each cassette is individually labeled with an EAN39 bar code that is recognized by most
commercially available robotic bar code readers.
† Robotic scripts for loading E-Gel® 96 gels with various liquid handling systems are available on the Invitrogen
website at www.invitrogen.com/egels.
Integrated power supplies for fast, automated electrophoresis
E-Gel® 48 and E-Gel® 96 gels run on a specially designed, space-saving system of Mother and
Daughter E-Bases—each a combined gel base and power supply all in one (Figure 17). These
integrated, all-inclusive power supplies have a small benchtop footprint measuring only
5.5 × 6 inches per base, and can be plugged directly into any standard electrical outlet. Con-
Figure 15—Loading an E-Gel® 96 gel using an automated liquid handling robot.
nect multiple Daughter E-Bases to the Mother E-Base™ unit to create a multi-unit system
capable of running over twenty gels simultaneously in just 12 minutes.
Fluorescent EAN39 bar code
Figure 17—The Mother E-Base™ and Daughter E-Base™ combination.
Figure 16—Electrophoretic resolution on a 2%
E-Gel® 96 gel. Lanes 1–3: 1 kb PCR product. Lanes
4–6: pcDNA™ 3.1 Nco I-cut. Lanes 7–9: 2 kb PCR
product. Lanes 10–12: 500 bp PCR product. Lane
M: E-Gel® Low Range Quantitative DNA Ladder.
Load E-Gel® 48 and 96 gels robotically on the E-Holder™ Platform
The handy E-Holder™ Platform is used to keep E-Gel® 48 and 96 gels stable during robotic
loading of multiple gels (Figure 18). Designed for compatibility with the SBS (Society for
Biomolecular Screening) standard-plate format, the E-Holder™ Platform’s spring-loaded
mechanism ensures that each gel stays securely in place when the robotic arm moves,
allowing reproducible placement and loading from one gel to the next. In addition, the
E-Holder™ Platform allows you to load samples on one E-Gel® 96 or E-Gel® 48 gel while
other gels are running in the Mother or Daughter E-Base™ combination.
E-Editor™ 2.0 software for easy analysis of E-Gel® 48 and 96 gels
Analysis of E-Gel® 48 and 96 gel results is fast and easy using E-Editor™ 2.0 software.‡ E-Editor™ 2.0
software takes the digital image of your gel and reconfigures the lanes into one regrouped and
aligned image (Figure 19) for easy comparison, documentation, and reference with the original
plate coordinates and for quick identification of important results. E-Editor™ software is available
FREE of charge with the purchase of E-Gel® 48 and 96 gels and related equipment.
‡
This software is covered by a software license agreement and may be downloaded in PC format from the Invitrogen
website at www.invitrogen.com/egels.
E-Gel ® 96 gel
E-Ho
ld
Figure 19—Analyze E-Gel® 48 and 96 gel results using E-Editor™ 2.0 software.
er™
Plat f
or m
Figure 18—The E-Holder™ Platform on a liquid handling robot. The E-Holder™ Platform keeps E-Gel®
48 and 96 gels stable during robotic loading of multiple gels.
www.invitrogen.com
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
Safe, sensitive DNA stains
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain—a better, safer stain
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain is a nontoxic, nonmutagenic DNA stain that can be used like
ethidium bromide, either in the gel during electrophoresis or as a postrun stain. There is no
need to destain before viewing and documenting your results. SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain is
available as a ready-to-use solution, or as a 10,000X concentrate. DNA stained with SYBR®
A
Safe DNA Gel Stain can be detected with a visible-light transilluminator such as the Safe
Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator, a standard UV transilluminator, or a laser-based scanner. For a complete safety solution and optimal cloning efficiency, use SYBR® Safe DNA Gel
Stain with the Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator. SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain displays
no acute oral toxicity and greatly reduced genotoxicity, offers nonhazardous waste status
B
and Clean Water Act compliance, reduces waste storage and disposal costs, and provides
uncompromised detection sensitivity as compared to ethidium bromide.
SYBR® Gold stain outperforms ethidium bromide
SYBR® Gold Nucleic Acid Gel Stain outperforms ethidium bromide and other gel stains
in any gel system (Figure 20), including agarose, polyacrylamide, native, formaldehyde,
glyoxal, and urea gels. Stained dsDNA, ssDNA, and RNA can be viewed with a standard
300 nm UV transilluminator, enabling you to obtain high sensitivity without using expensive laser scanners. SYBR® Gold staining can also be viewed using the Safe Imager™ Blue-
Figure 20—Clear E-Gel® stained with SYBR® Gold.
Identical two-fold dilutions of glyoxalated E. coli
16S and 23S ribosomal RNA were separated on
1% agarose mini gels using standard methods
and stained for 30 minutes with SYBR® Gold Stain
in TBE buffer (A) or 0.5 µg/ml ethidium bromide
in 0.1 M ammonium acetate (B). Both gels were
subjected to 300 nm transillumination and photographed using Polaroid 667 black-and-white
print film and a SYBR® photographic filter (A) or
an ethidium bromide photographic filter (B).
Light Transilluminator. (Please note that SYBR® Gold stain does not offer the added safety
benefits of SYBR® Safe stain.)
Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator eliminates UV hazards
Use the Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator to view stained gels on the laboratory
benchtop (Figure 21). Light from the LED source inside the transilluminator passes through
a blue filter, producing a single-intensity signal that is optimal for the excitation of SYBR®
DNA-binding dyes as well as many Invitrogen protein gel stains (such as SYPRO® Ruby and
Coomassie Fluor™ Orange stains). Sensitivity is comparable to that obtained with a standard
UV transilluminator. Blue-light transillumination also results in dramatically increased cloning
efficiencies compared to UV transillumination, and poses no danger to the end user.
10
Figure 21—The Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator. Easily view stained gels with the Safe
Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator. The Safe
Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator produces
brighter light and more uniform emission than
conventional blue-light sources and does not
damage your skin or eyes.
Convenient nucleic acid markers
Invitrogen offers a wide selection of products for estimation of molecular weight and
mass of both DNA and RNA (Figures 22 and 23, Tables 3–5). Invitrogen’s TrackIt™ DNA
Ladders are ready to load and contain two tracking dyes that indicate when maximum
resolution of the samples has been achieved. The tracking dyes run outside the limits of
most DNA samples and are therefore unlikely to mask a band of interest. Invitrogen’s DNA
markers work well with all agarose gels, including E-Gels.
TrackIt™ 1 Kb
Plus DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 10488-085
-bp
E-Gel® Low Range
Quantitative DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 12373-031
bp
2,000
--bp
2,072
1,500
E-Gel® High Range
DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 12352-019
12,000
800
40
400
20
200
10
800
1,000
850
100
5
400
500
300
4,000
TrackIt™ 50 bp
DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 10488-043
10 µl run on an E-Gel®
0.8% double-comb gel
TrackIt™ 25 bp
DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 10488-022
-bp
--bp
500
TrackIt™ 10 bp
DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 10488-019
-bp
350
300
250
50
High DNA
Mass Ladder
Cat. no. 10496-016
-bp
100
4,000
50
1,200
800
400
3,000
200
10
50
1,000
4% E-Gel®
0.5 µg/lane
-bp
6,000
2,000
25
100
Low DNA
Mass Ladder
Cat. no. 10068-013
2,000
150
2% E-Gel®
0.3 µg/lane
100
2% E-Gel®
0.3 µg/lane
10,000
75
200
200
330
200
125
100
300
0.8% E-Gel®
0.3 µg/lane
800
500
400
2,000
1,650
2,000
10 µl run on an E-Gel®
2% double-comb gel
600
500
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
bp
10,000
ng
100
TrackIt™ 100 bp
DNA Ladder
Cat. no. 10488-058
4% E-Gel®
0.5 µg/lane
0.8% E-Gel®
0.15 µg/lane
100
2% E-Gel®
0.25 µg/lane
Figure 22—DNA markers for E-Gels.
11
www.invitrogen.com
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
Table 3—DNA marker selection guide for agarose gels.
Agarose
concentration
0.8%
1.2%
2%
4%
Suggested markers*
Cat. no.
TrackIt™ 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder
10488-085
500 bp DNA Ladder
10594-018
High DNA Mass Ladder
10496-016
Low DNA Mass Ladder
10068-013
TrackIt™ 100 bp DNA Ladder
10488-058
Product
10488-072
0.1–2 Kb RNA Ladder
75 µg
15623-100
TrackIt™ 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder
10488-085
0.5–10 Kb RNA Ladder
75 µg
15623-200
High DNA Mass Ladder
10496-016
TrackIt™ 25 bp DNA Ladder
10488-022
TrackIt™ 50 bp DNA Ladder
10488-043
TrackIt™ 100 bp DNA Ladder
10488-058
TrackIt™ 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder
10488-085
TrackIt™ λ DNA/Hind III fragments
TrackIt™ ФX174
RF DNA/Hae III fragments
Low DNA Mass Ladder
TrackIt™ 10 bp DNA Ladder
TrackIt™ 25 bp DNA Ladder
TrackIt™ 50 bp DNA Ladder
10488-064
TrackIt™ 1 Kb DNA Ladder
10488-037
10068-013
10488-019
10488-022
10488-043
* Other markers may also be suitable for use. For a complete listing of our nucleic acid markers,
please visit www.invitrogen.com/namarkers.
Table 5—RNA Ladders for sizing single-stranded RNA in glyoxal or formaldehyde
agarose gels.
Quantity
A
Cat. no.
B
0.1–2 Kb RNA Ladder
0.5–10 Kb RNA Ladder
kb
kb
2
10
8
1.5
6
1
4
0.8
3
0.6
0.5
0.4
2
1.5
0.3
Table 4—DNA marker selection guide for E-Gel® 48 and E-Gel® 96 gels.
Agarose
concentration
0.2
Gel type
E-Gel® 48
1%
E-Gel® 96
E-Gel® 48
2%
E-Gel® 96
4%
E-Gel® 48
Suggested markers
*
E-Gel®
High Range DNA Ladde
E-Gel®
High Range DNA Ladder
E-Gel® Low Range
Quantitative DNA Ladder
E-Gel® Low Range
Quantitative DNA Ladder
E-Gel® Low Range
Quantitative DNA Ladder
Cat. no.
0.1
0.5
12352-019
12352-019
12373-031
12373-031
12373-031
* O ther markers may also be suitable for use. For a complete listing of nucleic acid markers,
please visit www.invitrogen.com/namarkers.
12
1
Figure 23—RNA Ladders. A. 0.1–2 Kb RNA Ladder is suitable for sizing singlestranded RNA in glyoxal or formaldehyde agarose gels. The ladder consists of
ten bands in regular increments (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 kb)
to simplify size estimation. Ladder is supplied at 1 µg/µl in 10 mM HEPES (pH
7.2), 2 mM EDTA. B. 0.5–10 Kb RNA Ladder is suitable for sizing single-stranded
RNA in glyoxal or formaldehyde agarose gels. The ladder consists of nine bands
in regular increments (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 kb) to simplify size estimation. The 1.5 kb band is more intense than the other bands, allowing easy
orientation and identification of RNA bands on the gel. The RNA molecules in
both ladders are polyA-tailed (40 nt) for convenient use as control templates
for cDNA synthesis.
Highest purity
and reliability with
UltraPure™ reagents
UltraPure™ 10X TAE Buffer
UltraPure™ 10X TAE Buffer is a sterile-filtered solution of 0.4 M Trisacetate and 0.01 M EDTA. TAE buffer is commonly used for aga-
For superior results every time, trust Invitrogen’s UltraPure™
rose DNA electrophoresis. It is supplied in a 1 L plastic bottle or in
reagents. All UltraPure™ reagents are made from the purest bio-
a 4 L or 10 L stackable Cubitainer® Box.* A 1X TAE buffer solution
chemicals for maximum reliability and superior performance.
contains 40 mM Tris-acetate and 1 mM EDTA, pH 8.3.
UltraPure™ Agarose
* Cubitainer is a registered trademark of Hedwin Corporation, Inc.
UltraPure™ Agarose resolves DNA and RNA fragments from 100 bp
to >30 kb. For high resolution of small DNA, RNA, and PCR frag-
UltraPure™ 10X TBE Buffer
ments <1,000 bp, use UltraPure™ Agarose 1000. If low melting
UltraPure™ 10X TBE Buffer is a sterile-filtered solution of 1 M Tris,
point agarose is needed, UltraPure™ Low Melting Point Agarose,
0.9 M boric acid, and 0.01 M EDTA used to prepare 1X buffer for
which melts at ~65°C, is recommended for resolution of DNA and
polyacrylamide and agarose gel electrophoresis. This product is
RNA fragments >1,000 bp.
available in a 1 L plastic bottle or in a 10 L Cubitainer® Box.
UltraPure™ Agarose and SYBR® Safe DNA Gel
Stain Combo
UltraPure™ Tris
UltraPure™ Agarose and SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain Combos are
used in buffers because of its buffering range (pH 7.0–9.0) and
offered in two sizes sufficient for approximately 80 or 400 mini-
compatibility with many enzymes, including restriction endo-
gels. Enjoy the superior quality of UltraPure™ Agarose and the
nucleases and DNA-modifying enzymes.
UltraPure™ Tris [tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane] is widely
sensitivity and safety benefits of SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain while
saving money compared to buying these same products sepa-
UltraPure™ Salmon Sperm DNA
rately. The SYBR® Safe stain included in these combos is a ready-
UltraPure™ Salmon Sperm DNA is a ready-to-use solution of
to-use solution in 1X TAE.
sheared DNA that can be used directly in the preparation of prehybridization and hybridization solutions. The DNA solution is
UltraPure™ DNase/RNase-Free Distilled Water
prepared from highly pure, phenol/chloroform–extracted DNA
UltraPure™ DNase/RNase-Free Distilled Water is designed for use
and DNase-free and RNase-free (DEPC-treated) distilled, deion-
in all molecular biology applications. It is 0.1 µm membrane–
ized water and is sheared to an average size of ≤2,000 bp. The
filtered and tested for DNase and RNase activity.
concentration is adjusted to 10 mg/ml.
13
www.invitrogen.com
Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis
For top-notch performance every time, look to Invitrogen for your electrophoresis needs. Order today.
Ordering information
Product
Quantity
Cat. no.
0.8% General Purpose Starter Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
1 kit*
G6000-08
1.2% General Purpose Starter Pak (containing SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain)
1 kit*
G6206-01
1.2% General Purpose Starter Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
1 kit*
G6000-01
2% General Purpose Starter Pak (containing SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain)
1 kit*
G6206-02
2% General Purpose Starter Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
1 kit*
G6000-02
4% High Resolution Starter Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
1 kit*
G6000-04
0.8% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
18 gels
G5018-08
1.2% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain)
18 gels
G5218-01
1.2% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
18 gels
G5018-01
1.2% General Purpose Clear E-Gel® 18-Pak (without DNA stain)
18 gels
G5518-01
2% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain)
18 gels
G5218-02
2% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
18 gels
G5018-02
4% High Resolution 18-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
18 gels
G5018-04
0.8% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
18 gels
G6018-08
2% General Purpose 18-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
18 gels
G6018-02
1 kit †
G6400ST
18 gels
G6618-08
8 gels
G8008-01
Single-comb E-Gels
Double-comb E-Gels
E-Gel® CloneWell gels
E-Gel® CloneWell 0.8% SYBR® Safe Gels and iBase™ Starter Kit †
E-Gel® CloneWell 0.8% SYBR® Safe Gels
E-Gel® 48 Gels
1% General Purpose 8-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
2% General Purpose 8-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
8 gels
G8008-02
4% General Purpose 8-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
8 gels
G8008-04
1% General Purpose 8-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
8 gels
G7008-01
2% General Purpose 8-Pak (containing ethidium bromide)
8 gels
G7008-02
E-Gel® 96 Gels
E-Gel® accessories
E-Gel® iBase™ Power System
1
G6400
Mother E-Base™ Integrated Power Supply
1
EB-M03
1
EB-D03
2 holders
EH-03
Daughter E-Base™ Integrated Power Supply
E-Holder™ Platform
E-Editor™ 2.0 Software and manual
1
Free download
E-Gel® Opener
1
G5300-0
* Each Starter Pak includes 6 E-Gels and one E-Gel® PowerBase™ v.4.
†
14
The E-Gel® CloneWell 0.8% SYBR® Safe Gels and iBase™ Starter Kit includes 18 gels and one iBase™ device.
Ordering information, continued
Product
Quantity
Cat. no.
DNA stains
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain in DMSO, 10,000X concentrate
400 ml
S33102
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain in 0.5X TBE
1 L
4 L
S33100
S33101
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain in 1X TAE
1 L
4 L
S33111
S33112
SYBR® Safe DNA Gel Stain Starter Kit
1 kit
S33110
SYBR® Safe Photographic Filter
1
S37100
500 µl
S11494
1
S7569
Safe Imager™ Blue-Light Transilluminator (includes Safe Imager™ Viewing Glasses and Safe Imager™ Amber Filter)
1
S37102
Safe Imager™ Viewing Glasses
1
S37103
SYBR® Gold Nucleic Acid Gel Stain
SYBR® Photographic Filter
Blue-light transilluminator
Nucleic acid markers
TrackIt™ 1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder
1 Kb Plus DNA Ladder (1 mg/ml)
TrackIt™ 1 Kb DNA Ladder
1 Kb DNA Ladder (1 mg/ml)
500 bp DNA Ladder (1 mg/ml)
100 apps
10488-085
250 µg 1 mg 10787-018
10787-026
100 apps
10488-072
250 µg 1 mg 15615-016
15615-024
100 µg
10594-018
100 apps
10488-058
50 µg 250 µg 15628-019
15628-050
TrackIt™ 50 bp DNA Ladder
100 apps
10488-043
TrackIt™ 25 bp DNA Ladder
20 apps
10488-022
TrackIt™ 100 bp DNA Ladder
100 bp DNA Ladder (1 mg/ml)
TrackIt™ 10 bp DNA Ladder
20 apps
10488-019
TrackIt™ λ DNA/Hind III Fragments
100 apps
10488-064
TrackIt™ ФX174 RF DNA/Hae III Fragments
100 apps
10488-037
High DNA Mass Ladder
50 apps
10496-016
Low DNA Mass Ladder
50 apps
10068-013
E-Gel® Low Range Quantitative DNA Ladder
100 apps
12373-031
E-Gel® High Range DNA Ladder
100 apps
12352-019
0.1–2 Kb RNA Ladder
75 μg
15623-100
0.5–10 Kb RNA Ladder
75 μg
15623-200
15
www.invitrogen.com
Ordering information, continued
UltraPure™ reagents
UltraPure™ Agarose
UltraPure™ Agarose and SYBR® Safe Combo
UltraPure™ Agarose 1000
UltraPure™ Low Melting Point Agarose
100 g
500 g
15510-019
15510-027
80 apps
400 apps
15510-100
15510-500
100 g
10975-035
100 g
15517-022
500 ml
10 × 500 ml
10977-015
10977-023
UltraPure™ Tris
1 kg
15504-020
UltraPure™ 10X TBE Buffer
1 L
10 L
15581-044
15581-028
UltraPure™ 10X TAE Buffer
1 L
4 L
10 L
15558-042
15558-026
15558-034
5 × 1 ml
15632-011
UltraPure™ DNase/RNase-Free Distilled Water
UltraPure™ Salmon Sperm DNA
www.invitrogen.com
© 2006 Invitrogen Corporation. All rights reserved. These products may be covered by one or more Limited Use Label Licenses (see Invitrogen catalog or www.invitrogen.com). By use of these products you accept the
terms and conditions of all applicable Limited Use Label Licenses. For research use only. Not intended for any animal or human therapeutic or diagnostic use, unless otherwise stated. B-065938 1106