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NEWSDESK China to Open Aviation Fuel Market A ccording to a source from China Aviation Fuel Group Corporation, the founding of the company is an important aspect in the reform of the aviation fuel supply system in China. It shows that the Chinese Government determines to break the current monopoly situation and introduce competition mechanisms through the reform of the aviation fuel supply system. While opening the oil product market, China will gradually open the aviation fuel market. Aviation fuel suppliers with necessary qualifications will be allowed to sign aviation fuel supply contracts through tender bidding or consultation with airlines. Enterprises with necessary qualifications will be allowed to undertake aviation fuel filling business. A healthy competition mechanism will be established in the aviation fuel supply and filling market. Equal treatment in terms of airport oil supply facilities should be given to approved suppliers. Mechanisms for government-controlled market admission and compensated use should be formed. China Aviation Fuel Group Corporation will separate the main from the auxiliary business in former China Aviation Fuel Corporation and transform the core business and related assets into a limited liability company with controlling equity from the group corporation and equity participation from the three aviation groups. Domestic petrochemical enterprises will also be allowed to hold shares in the company to establish profit and risk sharing among producers, suppliers and users. The reform of the aviation fuel pricing system is also an important component in the opening of the aviation fuel market and the introduction of competition mechanisms. Presently the aviation fuel price in China is still fixed by the state and aviation fuel suppliers do not have full autonomy. The aviation fuel price fails to reflect the supply and demand relationship in airlines. With the opening of the aviation fuel market, a multilevel aviation fuel pricing system will be gradually developed. Plastics Industry to Have Bright Prospects At the congress convened on November 8, Jiang Zemin put forward a new target to build a well-off society in an all-round way in his report. China has a big agricultural sector. To achieve the target of an all-round well-off society, it is necessary to develop a high yielding, better quality and highly efficient agriculture, to promote sustainable development in order to guarantee an effective supply of agricultural products and raise the income of peasants. All this will help boost functions and quality of agriculture-use plastics such as canopy film, mulch film, green fodder film and sun-shading nets. China has become the country with the biggest production and consumption of agricultural film in the world. According to the estimation made by the Ministry of Agriculture, by 2005 China will have a total of 1.5 million ha. of cultivated areas with horticultural 4 installations and the whole country will hold an area of 11.3 million ha. covered with mulch film. Furthermore, there are silage-use film, feed greens. use film, plastic containers for plant growth, sun-shading nets, nets for insect disease prevention, fishing nets, anti-staling materials, pesticide apparatuses and foaming plastic boards, which will also consume 3 million tons of plastics by 2005. Of the total consumption of water nationwide, irrigation water takes up 70%. Saving irrigation water will need large amounts of plastic apparatus. According to the initial planning by the water board, by 2005 another 9.3 million ha. of irrigation areas will be added to the present figure of 17 million ha. of areas of water saving irrigation works, requiring 1.7 million tons of plastics used for various kinds of water saving apparatus such as pipe materials, pipe works, film, braided CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 cloth, and so on. It is necessary to continuously raise peoples living environment and housing quality. Plastic building materials are an important integrant of new building materials of the fourth generation. By 2005 the whole country will stand in need of 1 million tons of various kinds of plastic pipes and structural section of doors and windows, and other applications such as high polymer waterproof materials, decorative and finishing materials and various kinds of thermal insulation materials and other building use plastics, which will add a further 4 million tons. Packing plastics applications such as in cement, chemical fertilizers, cereals, foods, drinks, pharmaceuticals, washing articles and cosmetics, are sure to have a healthy market. The demand will, in the years to come, grow by a considerable rate, and by 2005 it will reach 5.5 million tons. NEWSDESK Temporar y Antidumping Measures Adopted against Esters of Acrylic Acid MOFTEC (The Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation PRC) issued an announcement on Oct. 10, 2001 after consultation with SETC (the State Economic and Trade Commission of PRC) and started dumping investigation into esters of acrylic acid (including methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate) originated from Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia. MOFTEC has made investigation into the existence of dumping and the extent of dumping. SETC has made investigation into the existence of damage and the extent of damage caused to the involving domestic sector. Recently MOFTEC and SETC have made the preliminary ruling according to the results of investigations and the stipulations in Article 24 of the Regulations of the Peoples Republic of China on Anti-dumping and Antisubsidy. The preliminary ruling made by MOFTEC is that dumping of the product under investigation exists. The preliminary ruling made by SETC is that the product under investigation has caused substantive damage to the domestic sector. Agencies in charge of investigations have verified that there is cause/effect relationship between dumping and substantive damage. Temporary antidumping measures According to the related articles, MOFTEC has decided to adopt temporary antidumping measures in the form of cash guarantee fund. Starting from Dec. 5, 2002, importers importing the product China Plans to Reduce Sulfur Dioxide Emissions T he State Environmental Protection Bureau has stated that, in a bid to reduce environmental pollution caused by sulfur dioxide and acid rain in China, the State Council has recently made adjustments in accordance with the Tenth-five Year Plan to prevent pollution in two controlling areas of acid rain and sulfur dioxide, programmed jointly by the State Environmental Protection Bureau and departments concerned. Measures to be taken to reduce emissions in the two areas (controlling sulfur dioxide area and controlling acid rain area) include: (1) reducing the sulfur content of coal; (2) decreasing 20% of sulfur dioxide emissions from thermal power plants in the areas by 2005 (on the basis of 2000 figures); (3) controlling emissions of sulfur dioxide from furnaces, industrial kilns, machining processes and residential quarters. While the pollution prevention investment on the two control areas will be increased, fine on emission of sulfur dioxide is being strengthened. A regular will be implemented that the discharge right of sulfur dioxide need to be paid. It is reported that in order to realize the above-mentioned goal, China will spend RMB96.7 billion in the prevention and tackling of sulfur dioxide and acid rain pollution during the Tenth-five Year Plan period. under investigation originated from Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia should provide cash guarantee fund to the customs in China according to the dumping extent of foreign companies defined in the preliminary ruling. Dumping Extent of Foreign Companies Country Dumping Korea LG Chem Ltd. Other companies Malaysia BASF Petronas chemicals Sdn Bhd Other companies Singapore Singapore Acrylic Ester PTE Ltd. Other companies Indonesia PT. Nippon Shokubai Indonesia Other companies Source: MOFTEC extent 11% 20% 13% 38% 46% 49% 11% 24% CNOOC Constructs Large Refinery CNOOC will construct a large refinery in Guangdong Huizhou. According to Wei Liucheng, General Manager of CNOOC, the refinery has a design capacity of 12.0 million t/a. It is mainly intended to supply feedstock to the Nanhai 800 000 t/a ethylene project jointly funded by CNOOC and Shell. After the completion of the project, CNOOC will possibly start to construct filling stations in China to develop its terminal marketing network of oil products. It is an important aspect in the strategy of expanding downstream markets. Besides the Nanhai ethylene project and the refinery project, CNOOC is constructing Chinas biggest chemical fertilizer project in Hainan and will also construct Chinas first imported LNG receiving station in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 5 NEWSDESK Unilever Establishes Global Purchase Center in Shanghai Unilever CEO presided over the opening ceremony of the global purchase center established in Shanghai. He also told the press that through the functioning of the global purchase center in Shanghai, China would become a lasting and strong driving force for the development of Unilever. Unilever (China) Global Purchase Center is the 38th multinational purchase unit established by multinationals in Shanghai, and the number of such purchase units is hoped to increase to 45 by the end of this year. Furthermore, the volume of purchases made by multinationals in Shanghai is increasing at an average annual rate of 30%. It is expected that the volume of purchases made by multinationals in the Yangtze River Delta through Shanghai will reach US$50.0 billion in 2010. Shanghai is becoming a gathering place for multinational purchasers and suppliers. According to Unilever executives, China has already become one of the most im- portant worldwide raw material supply bases for Unilever. The founding of the global purchase center indicates that Unilever will continue to strengthen its purchase activities in a big way in China. It is expected that the export value of raw materials to be manufactured by Unilever in China will be more than US$500 million in the next 5 years. It is reported that Unilever has more than 100 suppliers in China and over 40 of them can provide products for export. They are distributed Grandtour Purchases Two Tire Companies in Chongqing C hongqing Chemical & Pharmaceutical Holding (Group) Company sold its two subsidiaries (Chongqing Zhongce Tire Company and Chongqing Tire General Plant) with the value of RMB66 million to Grandtour of Singapore. Chongqing Tire General Plant is a state-own enterprise and Chongqing Zhongce Tire Company is a joint venture. The two companies run into operation trouble for managing problem or JV dispute. They announced to become impoverished respectively in April last year and in June this year. Chongqing Chemical & Pharmaceutical Holding (Group) Company negotiated with some companies for dispose of the two tire companies. In the end, Chongqing Chemical & Pharmaceutical Holding (Group) Company reached 6 an agreement with Grandtour of Singapore. The newly-established Chongqing Grandtour Tire Co., Ltd. has put into operation with investment of RMB200 million for the first phase. It will produce 1 million leaning tires, 1 million radial tires and 3.50 million motor cycle tires. Grandtour is a large-scale tire manufacturer headquartered in Singapore with business all over the world. Grandtour is exporting its tire to more than 80 countries. During the few past decades, the booming Chinese economy has led to rapid highway construction and the subsequent demand for Premium FirstClass tires increased dramatically. Grandtour took this business opportunity to expand the Chinese tire CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 in Shanghai, Anhui and Zhejiang. Starting from 1997, domestic suppliers were recommended to Unilever global system through regional and global purchase activities, and the number of such domestic suppliers was limited at that time. Today more than 90% of raw materials for household and personal care products produced by Unilever in China are purchased from local markets. The upgrading of local suppliers to international standard and the good opportunities offered by entry into the WTO, prompted Unilever to decide to establish the global purchase center in Shanghai. manufacturing industry with firm investments in Grandtour Tire (Anhui) Co., Ltd. and Grandtour Tire (Fujian) Co., Ltd. Grandtour has steadily shown increased activity in the production and sales of tires in spite of the intense competition in the Chinese market. At present, Grandtour Tires Headquarters has a network of 37 Sales and Service Offices in China and well-established operations in over 80 countries in Europe, Asia, and America & Africa offering Grandtour Made-inChina Premium Tires. Chemical Fer tilizer Industr y Famous Brand of China Add: Lucheng City, Shanxi, PRC P.C.: 047507 Tel: +86-355-6891259 Fax: +86-355-6763015 website: www.tianjigroup.com NEWSDESK Guangzhou Plans to Construct Environmental Protection Packing Material Project A world-class environmental protection packi n g m a t e r i a l p r o j e c t has been launched in Guangzhou. Products in the project will replace disposable foamed plastic materials to prevent white pollution. The project, funded by Guangdong Yitao Group Company, Ltd. with a total investment of RMB2.5 billion will start construction at the end of this year. With the completion of the project Nansha Economic and Technological Development Zone can hopefully become the biggest production belt of environmental protection packing materials in China. The project is located in Huangge Chemical Industry Park of Nansha Economic and Technological Develop- ment Zone in Guangzhou. It occupies an area of 60 ha. and will be executed in four phases. The project can produce 10 billion environmentally sound tableware sets and 80 000 tons of industrial materials to replace foamed plastics. The annual output value will be RMB3.8 billion and the profit and tax will be RMB940 million. 48 production lines in the first phase SIG Combibloc (Suzhou) GroundBreaking Ceremony held By David Wang On November 27th SIG Combibloc Suzhou Packaging Factory held its ground breaking ceremony in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. The total investment for the factory will be US$90 million and the first phase investment will be US$36 million. The area of the workshops now is 20 thousand square meters and total area of the factory is 75 thousand square meters which is prepared for expansion in the future. The factory will be put into production in the first quarter of 2004 and can produce 3.3 billion boxes at that time. Axenic paper box production line of SIG Combibloc has been increased from 1 in 1987 to 50 in 2001. Now Combibloc has about 20 customers located respectively in Northeast of China, Inner Mongolia, some Southern cities, etc. Peter Herning, CEO of SIG Combibloc said in the ceremony that China will become the biggest market for axenic pa- per packages. Following the growing demand of liquid milk in China the axenic paper package will meet high demand too in the future. TETRA PAK Co., Ltd. is still the biggest axenic paper package producer in China and holding about 70% market share. In September, 2002 the company also with its partner invested RMB570 million in Beijing to set up joint venture which is planned to begin construction in 2003 and put into production in 2004. Now TETRA PAK has 4 joint ventures in China. Both Combibloc and Tetra Pak have about 3% sales of global sales in China now. Dow Corning China Application Technology Service Center Starts Functioning China Application Technology Service Center established by Dow Corning of the United States started functioning in Shanghai on Nov. 27. The center will strengthen the cooperation between Dow Corning and customers to jointly develop schemes for the application and technology of innovative products. The center is located in the processing plant in Shanghai Songjiang Industrial Zone. The plant produces organosilicon latex and sealing adhesives supplied to customers in textile, personal care and household product, building, rubber and plastic sectors. The center has 6 laboratories, the worlds first-rate will be completed in October next year. The project uses crude paper fiber as raw material. The products are non-toxic and degradable. They can be used extensively in tableware sets and industrial, daily-use and pharmaceutical interior packing materials replacing disposable foamed plastics. The market prospect is extremely bright. technical equipment and more than 20 application engineers and technicians. The main business scope includes building chemicals, textile chemicals, papermaking chemicals, oilfield chemicals, personal care products, automobile maintenance products, power generation and electronic products. Besides, Dow Corning will also use the center to conduct joint research and development of new products and formulations in collaboration with customers. Dow Corning pays great attention to innovation in science and technology and puts huge investments in research and development. Expenses used in research and development account for 6 7% of the sales revenue, far higher than the average level. CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 7 NEWSDESK Result of Listed Chemical Fiber Companies Drops in the First Nine Months T he result of listed chemical fiber companies in China still drops in the first nine months 2002, compared with the same period last year. The 21 listed chemical fiber companies increased by 11.92% for operating income; a rise of 18.16% for operating profit and a drop of 32.06% for net profit yearon-year. The weighted average income per share is RMB0.031 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of the weighted net asset attains 1.23%. There are 8 listed companies in viscose fiber. In the first nine months, the operating income in the 8 companies increased by 26.29%; a rise of 175.25% for the operating profit and a growth of 205.16% for net profit yearon-year. The weighted average income per share is RMB0.05 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of the weighted net asset gains 2.16%, which benefits from the measure of setting limit to production and price fixing in the viscose fiber in the first half of this year. In the first nine months vinylon companies in the chemical fiber industry got the best outstanding achievement. The weighted average income per share is RMB0.143 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of the weighted net asset reaches 4.75%. The price of vinylon runs smoothly this Major Finance Index of Listed Chemical Fiber Companies in the first 9 months Company Viscose fiber Jilin Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. Dandong Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. Hubei Golden Ring Co., Ltd. Jiujiang Chemical Fiber Co., ltd. Shandong Sea Dragon Co., Ltd. Hebei Baoding Swan Co., Ltd. Henan Xinxiang Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. Nanjing Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. Total Vinylon Shanxi Sanwei Group Co., Ltd. Anhui Wanwei High & New Material Co., Ltd. Yunnan Yunwei Co., Ltd. Total Polyester fiber Heilongjiang Longdi Co., Ltd. Shanghai Worldbest Co., Ltd. Shanghai Lianhua Fiber Corp. Anshan Co-operation (Group) Co., Ltd. Jilin Liaoyuan Deheng Co., Ltd. Yizheng Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. Total Nylon Guangdong Xinhui Meida Nylon Co., Ltd. Henan Shenma Industry Co., Ltd. Total Other Sinotex Investment & Development Co., Ltd. Wuxi Taiji Industry Co., Ltd. Total in chemical fiber industry Source: CCR 8 Growth rate of Growth rate of Growth rate of operating income operating profit net profit (%) (%) (%) Income per share (RMB) -3.30 -18.84 463.61 -5.70 13.81 3.56 1.07 32.97 26.29 859.34 -185.09 66299.47 -4.46 273.51 104 113.27 175.25 13325.49 -20.47 1015.09 65.90 66.67 205.16 0.045 -0.154 0.208 0.015 0.107 0.088 0.093 0.167 0.05 31.44 - 3.41 - -9.02 - 0.144 0.127 0.177 0.143 18.16 17.89 -37.80 -23.83 81.02 -1.65 3.63 -6.09 -29.81 -275.65 -72.42 150.41 -7.66 49.60 -35.29 -48.95 33.85 -47.36 -78.69 0.087 0.075 -0.349 -0.228 0.114 0.018 0.009 15.85 20.66 18.41 66.49 15.54 39.73 116.26 -72.05 -9.72 0.133 0.021 1.35 21.73 11.92 -25.33 18.16 -73.56 -32.06 0.011 -0.025 0.031 CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 year. The polyester fiber companies in the chemical fiber industry got the poor results in the first three quarters. The 6 listed companies increased by 3.63% for operating income; a rise of 49.60% for operating profit and a drop of 78.69% for net profit year-on-year. The weighted average income per share is only RMB0.009 in the chemical fiber industry and the yield of the weighted net asset attains 0. 40%. There are two Nylon companies in the Yield of net c h e m i c a l f i b e r asset i n d u s t r y , o n e i s (%) Guangdong Meida Nylon Co., Ltd. with 1.57 operating profit for the -13.06 5.40 whole year is expected 0.92 to increase by 50%; 6.52 another is Shenma In2.80 dustry Co., Ltd. with 4.36 5.50 operating profit for the 2.16 whole year will rise 50% year-on-year. 4.49 In general idea, the 4.95 5.03 output of chemical fi4.75 ber in China keeps rapid growth and the 2.41 prices of most prod2.52 -25.73 ucts rise more than -31.87 that at the end of last 4.74 year. According to 0.81 the operating profit, 0.40 there is some differ5.47 ence between the 0.35 listed companies. The 0.063 listed viscose fiber 0.84 companies will make -1.70 up deficits and get the 1.23 surpluses this year. NEWSDESK Analysis of Production in Domestic Oil Refineries in Q4 I t is reported that the average operating rate of domestic oil refineries remained at 77%-78% in October, basically on a par with the higher level in the early days of September. In view of October having 31 days, while September has 30, the crude oil processing volume in October rose by a small rate over that in September. It is 19.6 million tons in the total amount, an increase of 3% over that of September. According to the production situation in major oil refineries all over China in October, the crude oil processing volume remained the same as that in September, such as SINOPEC Yanshan Petrochemical Company, SINOPEC Jinling Petrochemical Company, CNPC Jinxi Petrochemical Company, CNPC Jinzhou Petrochemical Company, CNPC Daqing Petrochemical Company and Fujian Petrochemical Company. Those experiencing a growth in oil processing volume are mainly from the subsidiaries attached to SINOPEC, such as Gaoqiao Petrochemical Company, Changling Petrochemical Company, Zhenhai Refining & Chemical Company, Shanghai Petrochemical Company, Wuhan Petrochemical Company, Guangzhou Petrochemical Company, and Maoming Petrochemical Company, with a growth rate of 2%6%. It is worth mentioning that Fushun Petrochemical Company and Dalian Petrochemical Company, under CNPC, rank equally among the domestic tens of million ton oil refineries after the completion of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit in late October and November. Thus, the total capacity of CNPC and its affiliated units has increased significantly. Influenced by the unit expansion, however, the two oil refineries production declined sharply in October, decreasing by 14%. Entering into November, from the crude oil processing volume planned for the month and the operating rate in part of domestic oil refineries, the majority of oil refineries remained at the October level, including Jinxi Petrochemical Company, Jinzhou Petrochemical Company, Ya n s h a n P e t r o c h e m i c a l Company, SINOPEC Jiujiang Petrochemical Company and Daqing Petrochemical Company. While a minority maintained the operating rate, they adjusted the oil processing volume downward slightly like Maoming Petrochemical Company, Guangzhou Pet- rochemical Company, SINOPEC Tianjin Petrochemical Company, Changling Petrochemical Company and Zhenhai Petrochemical Company. In addition, 3.5 million t/ a heavy oil catalytic units were set in motion successfully once in Dalian Petrochemical Company, turning out qualified oil products. This set of units is the first stage of the project of the biggest crude oil processing base, as well as the biggest current domestic heavy oil catalytic units. After the completion of the unit expansion, the crude oil processing volume in Dalian Petrochemical Company will increase over that of October with a growth margin of near 50% as estimated. Projection Insiders remarked that from the fact that the crude oil processing volume in domestic oil refineries remained stable while the inventory of the oil products went down considerably recently, the two domestic oil giants (SINOPEC and CNPC) were seen to be maturing in general regulation and control of operation in accordance with the market conditions. Entering into December this year and January and February next year, the demand for oil products will slow down and oil products will be more likely to decrease in price, owing to the drop of international oil prices. The total crude oil processing volume in the oil refineries under the two oil giants will inevitably fall. But the strictly confined crude oil processing volume and meanwhile the brisk seasonal demand for oil products from September November, plus some exports, will cause oil products resources in the domestic market to fall. Consequently the operating rate will not drop too greatly in oil refineries in December. Furthermore, according to parties in oil refineries concerned, the non -market factors such as the completion of the total oil processing volume planned for the whole year must be considered, when changes in oil processing volume for December had to be made in various oil refineries. For the majority of the oil refineries, the oil processing volume for the fourth quarter will remain the same or increase slightly, due to the controlled oil processing volume in the third quarter. As a result, only a small decrease in oil processing volume may be brought to in December this year. CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 9 NEWSDESK Michelin Expands Market with New Environmental Protection Technology M ichelin, Goodyear and Bridgestone, the three international tire giants, are competing to occupy the Chinese tire market. Michelin is using the strategy of promoting environmental protection through technical changes in market competition. Technology investment Michelin and Shenyang Government reached an agreement and established Michelin Shenyang Tire Company, Ltd. at the end of 1995. It put in an investment of US$120 million and constructed 4 joint venture plants in collaboration with Shenyang Tire Factory. These plants produce mainly sedan radial tires and truck radial tires. It was the first joint venture enterprise Michelin had in China and provided technical transfer to Shenyang Tire Factory, established in 1973. In 1996 the Shenyang site put into production. Michelin established another 3 joint venture enterprises in Shenyang in 1997. The four joint venture enterprises have now combined into one company, named Michelin Shenyang Tire Company, Ltd. The merger was completed on January 1, 2002. Michelin is also active in the south of China. Shanghai Michelin is busy launching production facilities. In April 2001 Michelin put in an investment of US$200 million and established S h a n g h a i M i c h e l i n Wa r r i o r Ti r e Company, Ltd. with Shanghai Tire & Rubber Company already deep in debt. Michelin purchased RMB970 million worth of assets and took 2 540 employees from Shanghai Tire & Rubber Company. It acquired a 70% control of shares, the first time beyond Chi10 nese policy limit. The joint venture enterprise is still producing Warrior brand sedan radial tires and light truck radial tires and plans in time to start producing Michelin brand tires. Michelin upgraded its China head office to Michelin (China) Investment Company, Ltd. at the end of 2001. Almost simultaneously, Goodyear announced a US$120 million investment expansion plan in China. Bridgestone purchased a production facility from a Sino-Japan joint venture trading company. The facility, located only 1km from Michelin Shenyang Tire Company, Ltd. has already started producing Bridgestone brand tires. The organizational structure and the market strategy taken by Michelin in the Chinese market are now clear. Two joint venture tire enterprises, one in the north and one in the south, work together. The founding of Michelin (China) Investment Company, Ltd. facilitates expansion into other markets such as heavy-duty truck tires. Michelin Shenyang plant produces mainly sedan radial tires and truck radial tires. The new plant in Shanghai has also started production. It has introduced the quality control system Michelin uses worldwide. The quality of raw materials and semi-finished products is strictly controlled. A new production line has also been introduced to improve the quality of Warrior brand tires. Half of major automobile tire enterprises in China have formed joint venture companies. There are more than 40 joint venture or wholly foreignowned tire enterprises in China. Almost all the products in joint venture enterprises established by Michelin, Goodyear and Bridgestone are radial CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 tires. These products will probably occupy around 80% of domestic market shares in the next 5 years. Research and Development Michelin spends 5% of its total sales revenue on research and development. The funds are used to develop new technology and new materials, and promote environmental protection. Michelin has established 4 research and development centers in France, the United States, Japan and China. The biggest one is in France. At the time of establishing the joint venture enterprise in Shanghai in 2000, a tire research and development center was also set up to study road conditions and tire utilization status in China, and design tires more suitable to local needs. The research and development center tries its best to meet the technical requirements of domestic and foreign-funded tire producers. Michelin uses innovative technology to upgrade products and in turn use high-quality products to promote environmental protection and enhance market competitiveness. During the slow period for the global economy since 2001, Michelin has maintained a steady growth. It has succeeded in massive expansion in Asia. It has achieved outstanding success particularly in China. The success should be attributed to the strategy of product variety diversification and the complementation of Michelin and Warrior brands. Michelin occupies a 20% share in the Chinese tire market. It has won the large share through technology and quality, and won trust through concern for environmental protection. NEWSDESK 600 000 T/A Methanol Project in Hainan Gets Approval The 600 000 t/a methanol project in Hainan has recently got the approval from the State Council. It has a total investment of RMB1.098 billion. The project is located in an industrial development zone of Hainan Dongfang and oc- T cupies an area of 10.3 hectares. The chemical fertilizer unit based on offshore natural gas is close by in the north. (See CCR2002, No. 31) The 890 000 million m 3 natural gas consumed in the project each year will be from Ningxia: FSR on the Third Large Chemical Fertilizer Project Passes Evaluation he expert team of China International Engineering Consultation Co. came to Ningxia and made an evaluation to the ammonia and urea energy-conservation and technical renovation project (the third large chemical fertilizer project) in Ningxia GeoMaxima Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. during Nov. 24 - 26. Ningxia GeoMaxima Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. is a joint venture between Hong Kong GeoMaxima Holding Ltd. and Ningxia Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. The two companies have made joint investment in constructing the third large chemical fertilizer project. The capacity of the first two chemical fertilizer projects in Ningxia Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. is 100 000 t/a ammonia and 160 000 t/a urea. Experts think that the project conforms to the strategy of state about the readjustment to the raw material, product variety and production scale of the nitrogenous fertilizer sector. What is more important, the project can speed up the process of establishing a large chemical fertilizer base using natural gas as feedstock in Ningxia and promote the implementation of the west development strategy and the economic development of the western region. The ceremony for signing the contract on the acquisition of Ningxia Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. by Hong Kong GeoMaxima Holding Ltd. with RMB1.37 billion and the construction of a 400 000 t/a ammonia and 700 000 t/a urea project was recently held in Yi n c h u a n . A f t e r t h e acquisition, GeoMaxima Holding Ltd. will assume full responsibility for all the assets and liabilities of Ningxia Fengyou Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. After efficient work for several months, the first lot of complete equipment for the project imported from the United States has been delivered to Yinchuan. Dongfang 1-1 Gas Field. Water, electricity, utilities and auxiliary production facilities needed in the construction and production of the project will be from the nearby chemical fertilizer unit (CCR 2002 No.31 Page 8). Dongfang 1-1 Gas Field has proven gas reserves of 99.68 billion m3 and can produce 2.8 billion m3 of natural gas a year. Besides meeting the demand in the chemical fertilizer unit, Yangpu Power Plant and residents in Haikou, great quantities of natural gas still need to find consumption markets. Constructing a large methanol project in Hainan using local resources can not only find a new consumption market for natural gas, but also improve the economic performance of the upstream gas field. Part of methanol can also be supplied to the nearby chemical fertilizer unit and Fudao chemical fertilizer unit. CNOOC Chemical Co., Ltd. has already signed an agreement with Kingboard Chem of Hong Kong on the joint construction of the methanol project. Initial preparations will be completed in 2002, construction will be launched in early 2003 and production will start in February 2005. The completion of the project will greatly extend the production chain of Dongfang Petrochemical City. Danyang Guangyang Aluminum & Silver Powder Factory µ Brief Introduction As a large-scale aluminum paste base in Jiannan region, Danyang Guangyang Aluminum & Silver Powder Factory produces various floating, non-floating and glittering aluminum paste. The products have been used to take place of the imported ones of its kind and are acclaimed by the clients. Our factory also takes the lead in passing the approval of ISO9001interantional qualifies authentication system. We will provide the top-grade products and excellent service to satisfy all the clients. Add: Yunhe Town, Danyang City, Jiangsu Province,China Post Code : 212352 Tel : +86-511-6450186 Fax : +86-511-6458218 CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 11 MARKET REPORT Slow Market Come with the Hard Winter Trading remains quiet and prices go down for organic materials Phenol Phenol markets remain quiet in Asia in November, with large gap existing between sellers offer (US$800/t) and buyers idea (US$650/t). Domestic prices also slip down in slack trading climate. Domestic producers offers at the range of RMB7 500-7 600/t. The market prices in East China stay at the low level of RMB7 350-7 500/t, the price in Central China is as high as RMB7 600-7 900/t. The spot price of pure benzene, as the main feedstock of phenol, jumps further in Asian market, with the help of the spot price rising in North America and Europe market and high contract price in the United States in December. Although we do not get the information about the December s offer from near importers, offers from far distant are active. According to available data, counter offers from domestic buyers are reported at US$640/t (CFR China) for December contract. There are less counter offers on goods from the United States, because dumping investigation is probing into phenol made in t h a t country. Domestic producers keep prices stable but feel difficult in sale. The ex-factory price is offered at RMB7 550/t by Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co. Harbin Huayu, after making overhaul on its unit, only sells a little at price of RMB7 500/t. Acetone Acetone prices in Northeast Asia (NEA) plunged to US$590-630/t in November, approximately 3 000 tons shipment was recently trading within the range. In view 12 of the local prices level in NEA, buyers do not accept the offer of US$640-650/t. In the early of December, CFR prices in Chinas port are US$580-600/t while 500 tons shipment are sought at US$610-620/ t (CFR SEA) in Southeast Asia (SEA). Presently the price of acetone in domestic market keeps on falling due to lack of demand. Major producers decrease the offer sharply to suit for import prices. The market price in South China falls to RMB6 300/t, down of 5% compared to last month. Demand in North China shows steady and supports the price at RMB6 100/t. The lowest trading price of RMB5 800/t appears in Ningbo of East China. The price falling is mainly pulled by the weak of import. Presently Yanshan Petrochemical offers ex-factory price at RMB6 000/t, Gaoqiao Petrochemical offers within RMB5 900-6 000/t, nearly 10% down than last month. Source from near distant, offering prices in December look down to US$580-600/t CFR China. But buyers take order with great care because domestic prices continue to fall. Most of importers supply a counter offer under US$550/t CFR China. MEG (Mono-ethylene glycol) Global MEG market prices continue in slack trend with counter offer under US$440/t (CFR) by buyers. Far distant shipment is trading slowly, with a counter offer of US$450-460/t for December contract. Buyers in East China show active in inquiring offer because demand from downstream picked up, and market recovers after remaining quiet in the first half of November, pushes prices to RMB4 800-4 850/t, slight lower than last month. But the trad- CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 ing prices in North China continue falling to RMB4 800-4 900/t. Maoming Petrochemical decrease its ex-factory prices by RMB200/t to RMB4 650/t due to the pressure of high inventory. Ethylene market remains slack although an 800 000 t/a unit in Singapore and a 700 000 t/a unit in South Korea start overhaul. Short supply of feedstock does not bring any impact on MEG. A 450 000 t/a MEG unit in Kuwait plans a two-week overhaul in January 2003. Downstream polyester producers give a count offer of US$450/t (CFR China) for the December contract. PET chips market prices remain steady recently, and will support the prices of MEG in the reminders of 2002. Methanol Global market keeps steady with quiet trading. Buyers and sellers wait and see before the market trend is clear. Counter offer on shipment in December are wandering within the range of US$195-198/t (CFR South Korea), but sellers hope a higher prices at US$200-215/t. In domestic market, port market in East and South China remains steady and show some indications of rise. Methanol output cut down sharply in North China due to hard winter, which supports methanol prices to edge up to around RMB2 100/t. Prices in South China remain unchanged at the range of RMB2 050-2 100/t. The low operation rate of global methanol units propelled the prices rise. Downstream products including formaldehyde and glacial acetic acid picked up, which directly results in the climbing of methanol prices. Price increase will last during the reminders of this year due to short of supply in China. MARKET REPORT Plastics Market Sustains Slight Downward PE Out of the analysts expectation of drastic fall, the LDPE (low density polyethylene) price kept stable only with a little downslide in November. Both importation shrinkage resulted from high import prices and the overhauls of some domestic producers led to the temporary balance of supply and demand. At present, the price of LDPE for films fluctuated in range of RMB6 300 - 6 500/t. Historically, LDPE price dropped to the bottom in December. But, it seems the stable prices have been accepted by customers in recent days. Because the import tariff rate of PE will be cut down to 12.9% by 1.3 percent, a large quantity of PE is likely to be imported next year, which maybe explains the importation reduction. However, the eagerness in cutting down inventory of many domestic producers by the end of this year probably bring pressures on the LDPE price. Meanwhile, HDPE market characterized with different results depending on variety. Injection HDPE couldnt stop downslide from the start of November to the end with a RMB200/t price cut. Filament HDPE performed better than the injection one. Its price bounced back swiftly and kept stable at the end of November when the price of filament HDPE reached RMB6 000 - 6 100/t in Shandong Province, East China, and RMB5 950 - 6 050/t in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces, respectively. With regard to importation, the price exhibited a slight increase by US$10 - 20/t as a result of production troubles in some units in Asia. The counteroffer was around US$540 - 550/t (CFR China). The HDPE price is expected to stabilize at RMB5 800 - 6 000/t at the end of this year. PS Unexpectedly, polystyrene (PS) market performed in a pretty strong way with prices at a high level for several months. Supported both by the sudden price hike of styrene monomer (SM) in midNovember and the price lift of importation, domestic PS market became very hot in November. SM experienced a RMB800 - 1 000/t price rise to RMB7 500 - 7 800/t. Particularly, one PS production line in Southeast Asia encountered production halt. As a result, the import price of PS jumped to US$730/t from US$680/t (CFR, Hong Kong, China). Consequently, domestic transparent PS price went up to RMB7 850 8 200/t in Zhejiang Province and to RMB7 800 - 8 100/t in Guangdong Province. Some analysts believe it possible to rise in a certain extent, leveling off at RMB8 000/t. PP After a short downward slide at the beginning, domestic polypropylene (PP) market basically sustained stable in November. At the end of November, its price unexpectedly showed a small increase along with the slight price hike of propylene and PP in the global market. And, the prices of filament PP ranged at RMB6 600 - 6 700/t in North China, at RMB6 650 - 6 700/t in East China, and at RMB6 800 - 6 900/t in South China, respectively at the end of November. Analysts pointed out it would sustain a continuous strong trend in December for the following reasons: ( 1 ) St r o n g p r i c e o f propylene. Affected by a couple of crackers accidents in Asia in November, the international spot supply decreased drastically, leading to a spot price hike. Its price is likelihood of over US$500/t at the end of December. (2) Import shrinkage. PP importation will steadily go down because of short supply and high import price barrier in the global market. Moreover, the import tariff rate of PP in 2003 in China will be remained at 10%, which benefits to the balance of domestic PP supply and demand. Kunshan Tongde Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. u Kunshan Tongde Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. established in May, 1998, is a share-holding ompany. Our company mainly conducts the production and process of spice, and manufacture of organic chemicals. Main Products Citronellal Geraniol Geranyl acetate DL-Panthenol DL-Panthenol Ethyl Ether Trans-Ferulic acid 3-Aminopropanol Contact Add: 736 Kun Tai Road Kunshan Jiangsu China P.C: 215316 Tel: +86-512-57790202 Fax: +86-512-57785184 URL: http://www.tongdechem.com E-mail: [email protected] CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 13 MARKET REPORT Who Will Stop the Export of Phosphorus Ore? Chinas phosphorus fertilizer sector faces dark clouds due to lack of cheap feedstock R ecently some reports disclosed that Chinas phosphorus fertilizer sector, after making poor profits in 2001, now faces a loss of RMB120 million in the first 8 months this year due to the impact of imports and price increase of feedstock. As is known, China ranks the first in consuming chemical fertilizer, with its import accounting for 30% of global imports. Presently potash, diammonia phosphate and NPK compound fertilizer are the leading products for import into China. Due to the WTO entry, China has since the beginning of 2002 opened the gates for chemical fertilizers. The import quotas for DAP, urea, NPK compound fertilizer were all finished for this year. The slack phosphorus fertilizer sector not only faces the challenge from import, but also in merchandising cheap feedstock-phosphorus ore that is defined as abundant in China. During the first 10 months, China has exported 2.72 million tons of phosphorus ore, a slight fall compared to the 4.91 million tons for the whole of 2001. In the same period China produced in total 18.59 million tons of phosphorus ore, the number for the whole of 2002 is expected to exceed 2001s 21 million tons. The total output of phosphorus fertilizer continues increasing monthly this year. It is also true, however, that some fertilizer producers have had to 14 stop production because phosphorus ore is in short supply, alternatively maintaining production at higher cost. Their foreign competitors can get phosphorus ore from China at a price level less than that in Chinas market. For instance, in 2001 China exported 4.91 million tons of ore at an average FOB price of US$31.95/t, lower than the prices paid by domestic fertilizer producers. Other raw materials for phosphorus fertilizers including ammonia and sulfur (used in the production of phosphoric acid), have increased selling prices since the start of 2002. Ammonia prices were pushed from RMB1 200-1 400/t to RMB1 600-1 800/t. The average FOB price of sulfur was US$40/t in 2001, increasing to US$45/t during the first 10 months of 2002. This will increase the cost of phosphoric acid by RMB35/t. According to the evaluation of consultant agents, demand for ore in China will reach 43 million tons by 2005, while the domestic ore production capacity can only supply 36 million t/a, of which 26 million t/a will be supplied by stateowned enterprises with the remainder coming from smallscale enterprises. A gap of 7 million t/a will be left. Of the 43 million ton demand in 2005, the phosphorus fertilizer sector will need 33.5 million tons, yel- low phosphorus and its derivatives will account for 6 million tons, and feed-grade calcium phosphate will consume 3.5 million tons. China will become short of phosphorus even though a reserve of 13.1 billion tons exists. Who is keen on exporting excellent ores? The answer is local governments who hope to propel the local economy through export. In the past, much ore with low phosphorus levels has been wasted by miners. Judging by current economic standards, only rich ore can meet the requirements of users, and poor ore is not counted as feedstock. By 2015 there will be no rich ore available in China. Export of phosphorus ore for China Year ('000 tons) 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002(Jan-Oct) Crude ore 1093 1515 Ground ore 1057 905 2312 3068 2330 1134 1840 398 Source: CCR Output of phosphorus ore and fertilizers for China ('000 tons) Year 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002(Jan-Oct) Ore 15752 15010 19374 21008 18590 5156 4991 6330 7394 6568 na na na 935 2174 2000 2001 2002(Jan-Oct.) Superphosphates DAP&MAP Source: the Statistics Bureau of China Import of fertilizer involving phosphorus for China Year Superphosphates DAP MAP 1998 1999 ('000 tons) 0 0 0 0 1 5495 5282 3600 3292 4438 85 50 7 15 52 136 142 88 27 32 Compound fertilizer containing N,P,K 2331 2362 1985 2262 2413 Total 8047 7836 5685 5596 6936 Compound fertilizer containing N and P Source: CCR, Customs General Administration of PRC CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 MARKET REPORT Chlorinated Paraffin Producers Made to Wait Reported by Zhang Yongjun China has more than 100 chlorinated paraffin producers today with a total capacity of close to 300 000 t/a, and an actual annual output of around 120 000 tons. There 8 producers with a capacity of over 10 000 t/a and over 20 producers with a capacity of 4 000 - 10 000 t/a. The others are medium and small producers with a capacity of around 1 000 t/a. From the second half of last year to the first half of this year the chlorinated paraffin market in China was weak, and the price was on the low side. The short-term price recovery in March and April this year failed to change the overall poor economic performance in most producers. 1 Overall market downturn Of the more than 40 member enterprises of the Chlorinated Paraffin Committee, some have an operating rate of less than 50%. 10 producers have produced nothing in 2002 and the output and the sales amount of the other 30 producers account for around 70% of the total. It can be seen from the table that the output and sales amount of chlorinated paraffin-52 and chlorinated paraffin-70 are almost the same in these two years and the increase in the number of member enterprises has led to a slight inventory rise. The output and sales amount of chlorinated paraffin-42 have fallen. The price has, however, fluctuated greatly. The average price of chlorinated paraffin-52, in particular, was down from RMB4 200 per ton in the first half of last year to around RMB3 500 per ton in the first half of this year, working out as RMB700 per ton less. It is not hard to see that the overall market trend is not satisfactory. 2 Market trend factor (1) Since the WTO accession, foreign chemical products have made a considerable impact on the domestic market and the competition in the domestic market has become fiercer. Some large and medium chlor-alkali enterprises have poor economic performance and have even suffered losses due to the low price of acids, alkalis, chlorine, PVC and pesticides. Chlorinated paraffin as an auxiliary plasticizer and flameretarding agent is of course no exception. (2) The supply amount in the market is much greater than expected. According to the latest statistics, the capacity of chlorinated paraffin in China is already close to 300 000 t/a, much higher than the 150 000 t/a previously expected. The incomplete statistics made in the past and the new production units constructed and expanded in the recent years have created a surplus of chlorinated paraffin. (3) The drop in prices of raw materials has brought about a fall in the price of products. Compared with 2001, the price of main raw materials such as liquid wax, yellow wax and liquid chlorine fell dramatically in the first half of this year. Producers production costs are down, but the market price competition is fiercer. With a lack of effective demand, the price of chlorinated paraffin has to be maintained at a low level. Most producers have a thin profit margin or can only recover the production cost. 3 Future opportunities and challenges The chlorinated paraffin market must improve at some point in the future. At present the market has already begun a process of stable development and slight price recovery. As is seen from the market trend in July and early August this year, when the price falls to its lowest, there will be an improvement in the market, the output and the sales amount in some producers will start to increase and the price will also rise. From a long-term point of view, market functioning will be better and the downstream demand will be higher with the gradual improvement of the market economy in China. The market prospect of chlorinated paraffin is expected to become rather optimistic. Comparison of Chlorinated Paraffin Output and Sales Amount in Member Enterprises Product Output (t) Sales amount 2001 2002 Increase 2001 Chlorinated paraffin-42 5 027 4 571 -456 4 453 4 377 2002 Increase -76 Chlorinated paraffin-52 33 703 36 055 2 352 32 832 35 799 2 979 Chlorinated paraffin-70 1 819 2 335 516 1 833 2 237 404 Source: CCR CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 15 MARKET REPORT Speed up the Reform of Cyanuric Chloride C yanuric chloride is an important fine chemical intermediate used extensively in the production of pesticides, dyestuffs and assistants. Process Methods for cyanuric chloride synthesis include the hydrocyanic acid process and the sodium cyanide process. The sodium cyanide process was the first to arouse general interest in China. Great improvements in this process have been made in the past 20 years. Domestic cyanuric chloride producers are still using the process today. Cyanuric chloride has extensive applications in China. Pesticides Cyanuric chloride is mainly used to produce cyanuro-series herbicides. Such herbicides have extensive applications due to their being highly effective, selective, covering a broad spectrum, and producing low toxin levels and little residue. They are the varieties with development priority. According to incomplete statistics, the output of pesticides in China was 460 000 tons in 2001 and the output of herbicides was 116 000 16 tons, accounting for 25% of the total. The consumption of cyanuric chloride in herbicides was 17 000 tons and the consumption in fungicides and triazinyl insecticides was also around 2 000 tons. Fluorescent whitening agents Cyanuric chloride is mainly used to synthesize ditriazinyl amino diphenylethylene fluorescent whitening agents. Such whitening agents have extensive applications due to their strong whitening effect, proper light fastness and great peroxide bleaching stability. With higher requirements on the bleaching of fiber, cotton and bast clothes and fabrics, a greater number of fluorescent whitening agents will be used in detergents and bleaching agents and the consumption of cyanuric chloride will increase. The output of synthetic detergents in China was 3.65 million tons (3.12 million tons, reported by the Statistics Bureau of China) in 2001, consuming around 4 500 tons of cyanuric chloride. Dyestuffs Cyanuric chloride is a CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 key intermediate in the synthesis of reactive dyes and cyanuryl-based direct dyes. Reactive dyes have extensive applications due to their bright color, complete spectrum, simple application, low price and color fastness, and great developments have been made in recent years. In 2001 the output of reactive dyes in China was estimated to be 50 000 tons (CCR2002 No.13), accounting for 10% of the total. The proportion is expected to increase further in the next few years. The consumption of cyanuric chloride in reactive dyes has already reached 3 500 tons. Direct dyes also have an important position in the dyestuff sector and the consumption of cyanuric chloride is around 2 000 tons. Others Cyanuric chloride is also used to produce cyanuro-hydrazine and cyanuro-sulfamide in the pharmaceutical sector, and antioxidants, lubricants, additives, textile aids, cellulose dehydrators, textile moisture reducers and paper treatment agents in the chemical assistant sector. The consumption composition of cyanuric chlo- ride in China is 62% for triazinyl pesticides, 14% for fluorescent whitening agents, 17% for dyestuffs and 7% for others. Wi t h the eastward shift of the chemical intermediate production from Europe, China will become an important supply base of chemical intermediates. The downstream products of cyanuric chloride will also develop constantly. It is expected that the demand for cyanuric chloride in China will reach 32 000 tons in 2002 and 50 000 tons in 2005. Projection After nearly 20 years of development, China has acquired a considerable scale of cyanuric chloride production and turned from a net importer to an exporter with a definite share in the international market. There is already a cyanuric chloride capacity of 35 000 t/a. With the expansion and construction of production units, the capacity of cyanuric chloride in China will reach 50 000 t/a in 2005. Domestic producers, however, are weakened by their small production scale, low single-unit capacity, and large energy and material consumption. SPECIAL REPORT Ups and Downs in the Furfural Sector Reported by Sun Changxia Furfural is also called furfuraldehyde and oil of ants. It is an important chemical raw material and is mainly produced through the hydrolysis of raw fiber materials containing pentosan, such as corn cobs and rice bran. It is used extensively in the coating, pharmaceutical, dyestuff and additive sectors. The Domestic Market The output of furfural in China in 1996 was 38 000 - 40 000 tons. The export amount changed only once between 1993 and 1994, but it fell from 38 400 tons in 1990 to 13 700 tons in 1995. The price in the domestic market dropped to RMB2 800 per ton. The sustained downturn of the export amount and the market price had a disastrous impact on domestic producers and many of them had to suspend production. Improvements in the furfural sector started at the end of 1995. The export amount increased and the market price also rose from RMB4 000 - 4 500 per ton to RMB15 000 - 17 000 per ton. The export amount increased at an average annual rate of 60% from 1996 to 1998 and reached 56 500 tons in 1998. The unhealthy competition between domestic producers, however, caused a drastic reduction of the export amount to 35 400 tons in 1999, a drop of around 37% from the previous year. The total output of furfural in China was 110 000 tons in 2000. No improvements were made in the competition situation. Although the export amount reached 46 500 tons in 2000, the market price was down by around 15% compared with the previous year, the lowest since 1995. In 2001, the total output of furfural in China was 100 000 tons, the export amount was 24 700 tons and the average export price was around US$634 per ton. Production China has more than 140 furfural producers, with a total capacity of 200 000 t/a. There are a great number of producers but the capacity of each producer is generally quite low, at 1 000 - 4 000 t/a. Most producers use the sulfuric acid catalytic process, with a few using the hydrochloric acid catalytic process resulting in serious pollution problems. Producers are largely found in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Liaoning, Shaanxi and Shanxi. Owing to abundant raw materials and cheap labor, the products cost is relatively low and there is considerable competition in the international market. Application of downstream derivatives Furfuryl alcohol Furfuryl alcohol is the most important variety of furfural hydrogenated product. It is used mainly to produce furan resins and as sand additive for the hotshot core box process in the casting of internal combustion engines for automobiles and tractors, to improve the quality of casting pieces and promote the mechanization and automation of the casting process. Furthermore, it is also used as solvent for furan resins, varnishes and pigments, as rocket fuel and in the synthesis of intermediate levulinic acid for producing calcium and fructose for the nutrition sector. The price of furfuryl alcohol in the domestic market reached RMB20 000 per ton in 1995 and fell after 1996, but has generally stayed at around RMB10 000 per ton. The average export price was around US$840 per ton in 2001. On Aug. 9 this year the EU launched an dumping investigation into the export of furfuryl alcohol from China, and the export of furfuryl alcohol will be affected as a result. Fumaric acid and dimethyl fumarate Furfural can be processed into fumaric acid through potassium chlorate oxidization, and further into dimethyl fumarate through methanol esterification. Fumaric acid is used mainly to produce unsaturated polyester resins. Its copolymer with vinyl acetate is an excellent adhesive and its copolymer with styrene is a raw material for fiber-reinforced plastics. Dimethyl fumarate is a new compound for corrosion inhibition, mildew prevention and freshness preservation. Its effect in use is better than benzoic acid, sorbic acid, dehydrated acetic acid, propionic acid and their salts. Furoic acid Furoic acid is produced from furfural through air oxidization. It is used mainly in the synthesis of tetrahydrofuran, furamide, furoates and their salts. It can be used as plasticizer and thermosetting resin in the plastic industry and as corrosion inhibitor in the food industry. Furthermore, furoic acid can also be used as additive in coatings and an intermediate of pharmaceuticals and perfumes. CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 17 SPECIAL REPORT Furan Furan is produced from furfural through decarbonylation. It is used mainly in organic synthesis and is the main raw material for the production of the drugs furapromide, furacilin, furadantin and furazolidone. It can also be used to produce chemicals with a bright market prospect such as thiophene, pyrrole, tetrahydrothiophene, tetrahydrofuran and tetrahydropyrrole. Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is also called tetrahydrofuryl alcohol. It is produced from furfural through gaseous-phase hydrogenation in the presence of catalysts nickel, chromium and copper. It is an important chemical raw material used in the synthesis of butanedioic acid, pentandioic acid, dihydrofuran, lysine, pyran and pyridine. ABS Consumption Growth Slows Down Growth was only 3.49% in 2001 and the import amount in the first quarter of this year was 1.24 million tons, a rise of 13.5% over the same period last year. The introduction of several new ABS producers in 1998 greatly expanded Chinas ABS capacity. There are currently 7 ABS producers, which had a total capacity of 410 000 t/a in 2000. Furthermore, there are also several ABS blending plants with a total capacity of around 100 000 t/a. Several of these undertake the blending of ABS and AS purchased from outside sources, so they are not synthetic resin producers and therefore not included in the production capacity. After the completion of the 125 000 t/a unit in Zhenjiang Chimei and the 500 000 t/a renovation unit in Jilin Petrochemical Company, Ltd. at the end of 2001, the capacity of ABS in China reached 685 000 t/a. The ABS market volume in China has been expanding very fast in the recent 10 years. The ABS market was at the initial stage of rapid development before 18 1995 and the expansion rate fluctuated greatly. The market consumption increased from 133 000 tons in 1991 to 452 000 tons in 1992, a increase of 3.4 times. It continued to show a stable rise of 14.7% in 1993. Another high consumption increase of 40.2% appeared in 1994. The ABS market in China entered a stage of steady growth from 1995. Excluding the year of 1997 when the increase was only 2.6% as a result of the financial crisis in Southeast Asia, the average annual growth rate was maintained at around 15% in all other years. The economic situation started to improve in 1999 and the export of related products increased. The ABS market volume also increased from 1.14 million tons in 1998 to 1.483 million tons in 1999, a rise of 21.9%. The total ABS resources in China reached 1. 826 million tons in 2001, the import amount was less than the import amount in CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 2000 and the domestic self-sufficiency rate was 30.09%. Today China has become the biggest international ABS consumer. The apparent consumption of ABS was 1.8231 million tons in 2001, a rise of 3.49% over the previous year, and the growth rate was much lower than previously. It is expected that the growth rate will be around 15% in 2002. The consumption of ABS in China is concentrated largely in the electronic/ electric sector. The output of electronic and electric devices is closely related to the export situation and the market volume of ABS in China is therefore also heavily subject to the export situation. The consumption growth of ABS comes mainly from the increase in demand for various electronic and electric devices in the domestic market. In addition, the development of the automobile industry has also promoted the consumption growth of ABS in the communication and transportation sector. It is expected that the ABS market volume will reach around 2.312 million tons in 2005 with an average annual growth rate of around 5.6% from 2000 to Table 1 Capacity of ABS Producers in China in 2001 ('000 t/a) CNPC Daqing Petrochemical Co., Ltd. CNPC Jilin Petrochemical Co., Ltd. CNPC Lanzhou Petrochemical Co., Ltd. 50 150 50 Z h e n j i an g C h i m e i Co. 125 N i n g b o Yo n g x i n g L G Co. 120 Zhenjiang Grand Pacific C h a n g z h o u P l a s t i c s Group P a n j i n E t h y l e n e I n d u s t r y Corporation To t a l Source: CNCIC ChemData, CCR 40 100 50 685 SPECIAL REPORT (000 tons) Output 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Annual consumption growth rate of ABS in China during 2000-2005 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 Output Consumption 1990 13 500 119 400 1995 40 400 836 700 1996 27 900 972 500 1997 16 200 986 700 1998 98 000 1 140 000 1999 170 000 1 483 000 2000 299 000 1 761 000 2001 400 000* 1 823 100 * The output based on the survey made by CCR is 435 000 tons. s se ct or r s vi ce de try ti nd us e de or ec R ec er O Li gh el A include television sets, refrigerators, electric fans, telephone sets, computers and washing machines. ABS is used to make shells, control panels and decoration parts for these products. The consumption in this field was 1.15 million tons in 1999, accounting for 77.3% of the national total. With the development of the IT industry in the last two years, the output of micro computers reached 8.6 million units in 2000; more than twice over the previous year, and the tri c D av V D w ro i r- M ic r er an le C t ne se iti o TV co nd hi ne n as hi R ng ef m ri g ac er at Fa t or r se te le p ho ne cl e pu Te C om cy or ot om ob ile 0 -2 th Year (%) S o urce : C NC IC C hem D ata W In the electronic/electric sector, final products utilizing ABS in their production Import 1600 Electronic/electric sector Table 2 Output and Consumption of ABS in China over the Years ('000 t) Source: CNCIC ChemData, CCR Source: ChemData, CCR ut The majority of ABS consumption in China is concentrated on electronic and electric components, and the consumption in this field accounts for around 77% of the total. Major applications include refrigerators, electric fans, household washing machines, television sets, radios, recorders, telephone sets, office equipment and other household electric appliances. Besides, light industry products such as toys also consume a significant amount of ABS. The communication and transportation sector is a highly promising sector for the consumption of ABS, but there are also many restrictions in this field. The consumption of ABS in China is expected to change considerably in the next few years. In the electronic/electric sector, the Output and import of ABS in China M Consumption projection growth rate in household electric appliances such as television sets and washing machines has already slowed down and the consumption will have a rapid growth in computers, airconditioners and copy machines. In the communication and transportation sector, the proportion of ABS used in the automobile industry is still not big today. With the development of the automobile industry as a pillar sector, however, the consumption of automobiles and motorcycles will increase dramatically, as will the demand for ABS. Impact-resistant and heat-resistant varieties used in automobiles, sheet-grade varieties used in refrigerators and flame-retardant varieties used in computers will become, as a result, new demand growth points in future. A 2005. It is roughly equal to the growth rate of the electronic/electric sector. demand for ABS reached 102 000 tons. At the same time, the constant emergence of new products has also led to a demand increase in small household electric appliances. It is expected that the demand for computers, air conditioners and copy machines will still increase rapidly in China and become a new driving force for the consumption of ABS. The demand for ABS in refrigerators and telephone sets will show a stable growth. The consumption CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 19 SPECIAL REPORT proportion of ABS in electric fans and recorders will however be reduced. According to projections, the output of television sets in China will be 40 million in 2005, equal to the present level. The output of air conditioners will be 26 million, and the output of computers will be 18 million. It is, therefore, expected that the demand for ABS in electronic and electric devices in China will increase at an average annual rate of 5.3% and reach 1.76 million tons in 2005. With the progress and development of science and technology, electronic and electric products are becoming smaller and more diversified. The application fields of ABS in small electronic and electric devices have also expanded steadily. Major products in- clude computers, food processing machines, electric shavers, pagers, mobile phones, battery chargers and electric hair blowers. The consumption of ABS in small electronic and electric devices was estimated to be 650 000 tons in 2000, accounting for 36.9% of the total and will reach 832 000 tons by 2005 with an average annual rate of 5.1%. Automobile sector In the automobile sector ABS is used largely in instrument panels, wheel covers, radiator grilles, air conditioners, luggage boxes and handles of automobiles and motorcycles. The total output of automobiles in China was 1.578 million units in 1997, 1.628 million in 1998 and 1.830 million in 1999. The output of automobiles reached 2.07 million, and the total amount was more than 16.0 million units in 2000. Passenger buses have the highest consumption proportion of ABS and use 15 kg of ABS per car. Sedans come next and use 10 kg of ABS per car. The consumption of ABS in trucks is around 2.5 kg per car. The consumption of ABS in the automobile sector was 35 000 tons in 1999. According to the development program of the automobile sector, the output of automobiles will be 3.2 million units in 2005 and the total amount will reach 23.55 - 25. 45 million, including 9.05 9.56 million trucks, 4.50 - 4. 90 million passenger buses and 8.43 - 9.09 million sedans. The consumption of ABS in the automobile sector is faced with chal- Table 3 Consumption Structure of ABS in China Consumption field Automobile Motorcycle Electronic/electric devices Computer Telephone set 2000 Consumption Proportion ('000 t) (%) 40 2.3 Consumption ('000 t) 63 2005 Proportion (%) 2.7 2005/2000 growth (%) 9.7 55 3.1 64 2.8 1 363 77.6 1 760 76.1 2.9 5.2 102 5.8 213 9.2 15.9 4.1 55 3.1 67 2.9 Refrigerator 110 6.2 140 6.1 4.9 Electric fan 77 4.4 75 3.2 -0.6 Washing machine 43 2.4 60 2.6 6.7 Television set 180 10.2 200 8.7 2.1 Air-conditioner 37 2.1 52 2.2 7.3 Vacuum cleaner 30 1.7 33 1.4 1.9 8 0.5 12 0.5 7.0 7.0 DVD Microwave oven Recorder Others Light industry products Total 5 0.3 7 0.3 66 3.8 69 3.0 1.0 650 36.9 832 36.0 5.1 303 17.2 425 18.4 7.0 1 761 100.0 2 312 100.0 5.6 Source: CNCIC ChemData, CCR 20 CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 lenges from PP and PE. Nevertheless, with the development of the automobile industry, especially with the increase of the investments from European and American car producers and the utilization of energy-saving and smallweight materials in automobiles, the per-car consumption of ABS will be higher. The demand for ABS in the automobile sector will reach 63 000 tons in 2005, including 24 000 tons in production and 39 000 tons in maintenance. The motorcycle production in China has developed rapidly in recent years and the output already holds first place in the world. The output reached 10.6948 million units in 1999, a rise of 16.1% over the previous year. There are 11 motorcycle producers with an annual output of over 200 000 units. The consumption of ABS in motorcycles was 55 000 tons in 2000, including 20 000 tons in maintenance. It is expected that the output of motorcycles in China will be 13.0 million units in 2005 and the consumption of ABS will reach 64 000 tons, including 36 000 tons in production and 28 000 tons in maintenance. The consumption of ABS in the light industr y sector is mainly in cases, toys and sheets. It is expected that the consumption of ABS in light industry products will reach 425 000 tons in 2005. PROJECT NEWS Wenzhou to Put on Stream PU Resin Plant I t is reported that Wenzhou Detai Resins Co., Ltd. will put on stream a new plant, planning to expand both capacities of polyurethane (PU) sizing materials and shoes sole slurry to 50 000 t/a each. The first phase is expected to form 30 000 t/a PU engineering siz- ing materials and 30 000 t/a shoes sole slurry by the end of this year. Due to the sluggish market of PU sizing materials at present, some analysts pointed out seasonal factors played an important role currently. Although it greatly stimulates shoes consumption in holidays such as Christmas and Chinese New Year, the demand for shoemaking PU materials is actually shrunk because the shoes to be marketed in the coming holidays had been almost manufactured. At present, Detai Resin Co., Ltd., Defa Resin Co., Ltd. and Defu Resin Co., Ltd. account for about 33% market shares of PU slurry materials for shoemaking. However, the competition becomes more and more fierce due to the entry of Huafeng Company with a rapid growth. A 12 000 T/A Melamine Expansion Completed in Henan R ecently, a 12 000 t/a melamine expansion project has been put on stream by Henan Puyang Zhongyuan Dahua Group, increasing the overall capacity of melamine to 30 000 t/a. The company therefore becomes the largest melamine production site in China at present. It was invested with RMB190 million last year to activate the renovation and expansion by employing a series of new technology and process. Currently, it has an available capacity of 30 000 t/a, increasing annually the production value by RMB100 million and profit by RMB20 million. In recent years, many domestic melamine producers launched expansion one after another, resulting in oversup- ply in the market. Even worse, those producers had to further increase production scale so as to cut cost. Finally, they have no choice but to crowd in the global market. In China, Shandong Haihua Co., Ltd., Sichuan Chemical Company Limited, and Zhongyuan Dahua Group, etc. are main producers with current capacity approaching or over 30 000 t/a. The Largest Propylene Oxide Unit Built in Jinhua Jinhua Chemical (Group) Corporation recently completed series renovations of an 80 000 t/a propylene oxide production unit and succeeded in trial operation. This is currently the largest one in China. It will help to decrease the dependence on importation of propylene oxide when it formally put on stream by the end of this year. It is reported that the capi- tal spending is approximate RMB1.526 billion. After its final acceptance, Jinhua Group will have capacities of 120 000 t/a propylene oxide, 120 000 t/a polyether, 120 000 t/a ionic membrane caustic LPG Base Put on Stream in Ningbo Recently, the Ningbo Huadong BP Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) Base, which was jointly invested by Ningbo Huadong LPG Co., Ltd. and BP Company, has been put on stream at N i n g bo D a x i e D e v e l o p i n g Z o n e . Meanwhile, the first phase of another project by Ningbo Yashuo Science and Technology Co., Ltd. has also been completed and put into use there. Invested with US$96.5 million altogether, the LPG base has an annual LPG output of 1.0 million tons and a storage capacity of 500 000 cubic meters. soda and 108 000 t/a chlorine gas. To speak of propylene oxide, it has reached global advanced level in terms of technology and process. Its capacity ranks top in China and keeps ahead in Asia. With regard to another project, Yashuo Science and Technology Co., Ltd. solely invested in the packing film materials with the first phase investment of US$ 45 million. At present, it is carrying out the second phase with another US$25 million to further enhance the business. It is expected to wholly complete by the end of next year. The Largest Heavy Oil Catalytic Unit Completed in Dalian Dalian Petrochemical Branch Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of CNPC Group, has recently completed renovation of a 3.5 million t/a heavy oil catalytic 22 unit, the largest one in China, and processed qualified products. This heavy oil catalytic unit is the first stage of constructing itself to be the CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 largest crude oil processing base in China by the end of the Tenth Five-year Plan (2001-2005). Its successful completion will heavily im- prove the oil processing structure, enhance the capability of deep-processing, and increase the economic benefit. PROJECT NEWS Xinjiang Built the Largest MEK Unit in China I t was on November 26 that Xinjiang Dushanzi Tianli High and NewTech Co., Ltd. successfully put a 30 000 t/a methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) production line on stream, which is called the largest one and most advanced one in China. Another two projects related, a 30 000 t/a MTBE project and a 50 000 t/a secondary butyl alcohol project, were completed and started production at the same time. These three projects were initiated successively since October 1, last year (CCR2001, No. 30). The total investment of the three projects together is of RMB268 million. Performing as a kind of superior organic solvent widely used in coatings, dewaxing lube oils and cleaning agents, the MEK products of the company has been completely ordered even before production due to short supply in domestic market. Tianli is ambitious of enlarging its product portfolio and planning to form capacities as followed by the end of the Tenth Five-year Plan period (2001-2005): 20 000 t/a series of high grade lube oil additives, 40 000 t/a polypropylene, 160 000 t/a bitumen, 3 000 t/a food grade carbon dioxide, 30 000 t/a MEK, 25 000 t/a non-woven fabrics, 60 000 t/a light waxes, 30 000 t/a cyclohexanone, 30 000 t/a petroleum resins and 30 000 t/a unsaturated polyesters. A Wave of Cement Expansion in China Along with the rapid growth of capital constructions or infrastructures in China, particularly driven by the Western Development Program, the WTO entry, 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, and 2010 World EXPO in Shanghai, many domestic concrete producers has invested in expansion or aggressively plan to enlarge their capacities of cement or its clinker. Xinjiang Tianshan On November 20, Xinjiang Tianshan Cements Co., Ltd. put on stream a 2 500 t/d (ton/day) production line of cement clinker, the first phase of expansion, at its production site in Turpan. In addition, another 2 500 t/d clinker production line will be constructed during the second phase. Once the second phase to be completed, the capacity of cement in the company will be expanded to over 7.0 million t/a from current 6.0 million t/a. Sichuan Shuangma At Gong County, Yibin City, Sichuan Province, Sichuan Shuangma Cements Co., Ltd. has started construction of a 2 500 t/d production line of cement clinker recently. It is one of state key projects during the Tenth Five-year Plan (20012005) with a total investment about RMB497.4 million. An advanced drying process will be employed and it is expected to complete construction within 18 months. After completion, it will produce approximatey 1.24 million t/ a cement clinker and 1.32 million t/a cement. Jilin Dequan Meanwhile, Jilin Dequan Cements Co., Ltd. invested RMB100 million in building a 1 000 t/d production line of cement clinker, employing drying process. It will increase the total capacity of cement to 2.0 million t/a in the company. Furthermore, some enterprises have decided to raise money or provide a loan to enhance their cement business. Tangshan Jidong Tangshan Jidong Cements Co., Ltd. has planned to increase the capital spending in the construction of a new 3 000 t/d production line of cement clinker. The total investment is estimated to be around RMB355.5 million. At present, it had invested RMB15 million of registered capital. Shanxi Qinling Likewise, Shaanxi Qinling Cements Co., Ltd. has decided to raise money through rationing shares, all of that will be invested in building a 4 000 t/d cement clinker site and its matched pulverizing facility at Tongchuan. It plans to spend RMB642.3 million and RMB55 million respectively. Anhui Hailuo As far as Anhui Hailuo Cements Co., Ltd., it shows a much more great ambition, intending to set up two super large-scale production lines of cement clinker with capacity of 10 000 t/d each through expansion. The total investment is approaching to RMB2.0 billion. The company will fund with RMB726.1 million by itself and the rest of RMB1.27 billion from banks loan. It is expected to complete construction within one and a half year. CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 23 NEW PRODUCTS Breakthrough of SM Production Technology by ECUST D ehydrogenation process of ethyl benzene under negative pressure is regarded as one of the most advanced technology in producing styrene monomer (SM) in the world. The wellknown UOP/Lummus technology and Fina/Badger technology are both of this process and applying radial reactors. In China, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) has developed independently this advanced process compris- ing radial-axial reactor and gas-gas quick mixing technology, to break the technological monopoly by foreign companies. Recently, the 60 000 t/a SM unit which employs the domestic technology in Lanzhou Petrochemical Co., Ltd. has passed experts appraisal. As a matter of fact, 5 domestic petrochemical producers have applied the state-of-theart technology. Compared with traditional radial reactor, radial-axial reactor with cata- lysts self-seal structure at the top of fluid bed shows more advantages. It simplifies the structure of radial reactor by getting rid of mechanical seal area, improves the efficiency both of catalyst utilization and reaction, and makes it more convenient in catalyst loading and unloading. As for gas-gas mixer, it adopts methods of two jet streams and different diameters to meet severe requirements of big temperature difference, high mol ratio and short dwell time. A 10 000 T/A Boric Acid Production Line in Dashiqiao With a total investment of RMB6 million, a 10 000 t/a boric acid production line, which is launched by Liaobin Chemical and Industrial Co., Ltd., was started construction in September 2002 at Shuiyuan Town, Dashiqiao City, Liaoning Province. It is planning to be put on stream in mid-December this year. Liaoning has the largest resource of borate in China. Green Lubricant Matching for R134a Refrigerant Developed X ian Changtai Chemical Plant recently developed a kind of environment-friendly lubricant, CT-R134a/ IJ, which is a matched product to refrigerant R134a. In fact, fluoro-hydrocarbons such as R134a are commonly used as refrigerants replacing Freon in line with the ban of Freon by International Environment Protection Organization. However, these fluorohydrocarbons are hardly possible to dissolve in crude mineral oils. Many foreign producers therefore compete with each other to develop high performance lubricants to be used in refrigeration compressors. China heavily depends on importation of these lubricants matched to refrigerant R134a before. CT-R134a/IJ lubricant not only performs a pretty good inter-solubility with refrigerant R134a and a notable refrigerating effect, but also characterizes with biological degradability. The production process of green lubricant takes leading level in China without emitting any of three wastes (waste gas, waste water and industrial residue). Experts all believe that it takes leading position in mainland and will benefit to environment and human. Currently, it has been ready for commercial production with an expected capacity of 3 000 t/a of green lubricant. The annual production value is estimated to be RMB120 million. ZTMCL Develops A Large Scale After-treatment Unit of Polyester Staple Fiber Zhengzhou Textile Machinery Co., Ltd. (ZTMCL) has successfully developed a largescale polyester staple after treatment machinery with an annual processing capacity of 30 000 tons. It is expected to deliver the first set in use by the end of this year. ZTMCL had successively developed 50 t/d, 75t/d and 15 000 t/a production units of polyester staple fiber under the cooperation with Toyo Cotton Spinning Co. of Japan since 1980s. And the 15 000 t/a unit and equipment of polyester staple fiber became the core products in the company over the last 20 years. Since the 1990s, some 30 000 t/a and 50 000 t/a level units has been manufactured abroad. Then, these imported ones have been briskly sold in domestic market these two years. To keep up with global leading level, ZTMCL developed the LHV905 type machinery, a 30 000 t/a polyester staple fiber after-treatment production line. It is the first and the most advanced one in China and features high processing rate, continuous production and full automation with advanced control systems. Each part has been strictly passed the monitoring and testing. The whole process entirely conforms to ISO9000 quality system from design to manufacturing process, to ensure the product quality. CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 25 STATISTICS Prices of Chemicals in Major Cities in China during Nov.10-20, 2002 Product LDPE Grade or type film 1F7B film 1F7B film 1F7B film 1F7B film Q200 film Q200 film Q200 injection 112A injection 112A injection 112A HDPE filament 5000S filament 5000S filament 5000S filament 5000S film 7000P film 7000P film 7000P film 7000P injection 7006A injection 7006A injection 7006A injection 7006A PP filament 2401 filament 2401 filament 2401 film 2400 film 2400 film 2400 film 2400 injection 1300,1400 injection 1300,1400 injection 1300,1400 PS trans. 666D trans. 666D trans. 666D trans. 666D trans. 666D PVC susp. susp. susp. susp. emul. emul. emul. ABS taiwan 757 taiwan 757 PET chip fiber fiber fiber fiber Benzene petroleum petroleum petroleum petroleum Toluene petroleum petroleum petroleum petroleum petroleum petroleum Xylene petroleum petroleum petroleum Source: CNCIC ChemData 26 City Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Beijing Nanjing Guangzhou Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Lanzhou Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Lanzhou Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Lanzhou Beijing Nanjing Shenzhen Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Lanzhou Tianjin Guangzhou Lanzhou Anqing Zhuhai Shenyang Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Beijing Tianjin Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Lanzhou Beijing Dalian Nanjing CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 RMB/ton 7500 7100 6900 7100 6600 7000 7000 7300 6800 7000 6500 6700 6400 8100 7200 6800 6600 7900 7000 6900 6600 6400 6700 7000 6800 7200 7000 6700 6550 5200 6700 7350 8500 7500 8000 8400 7600 8100 5850 8800 8130 8950 5800 6550 8100 8800 7200 7400 7800 7800 3800 4000 3800 4050 3550 3850 3950 3700 3900 3400 3500 3650 3800 Product Calcium carbide Grade or type Methanol Ethanol Sulfuric acid Nitric acid Hydrochloric acid Soda ash Caustic soda (sol. Ionic mem. Caustic soda (liq. ionic mem. Natural rubber 98% 98% 98% 30% 30% 30% 30% 98.50% 98.50% 98.50% 98% 98% 98% 98% 98% 98% cis-Polybutadiene rubber Trichlorphon DDVP Ethyl-1605 Methyl-1605 Dimethoate Fenvalerate Esfenvalerate Molinate Diesel Gasoline Urea DAP 98% crystal 98% crystal 80% 80% 50% 50% 50% 50% 40% emul. 40% emul. 10% 10% 5% emul. 5% emul. 76% emul. 76% emul. 0# 0# 0# -10# -10# 93# non-lead 93# non-lead domestic domestic domestic domestic domestic domestic City Taiyuan Lanzhou Tianjin Jilin Guangdong Beijing Shanghai Nanjing Guangzhou Taiyuan Jilin Nanjing Shenyang Nanjing Shenzhen Beijing Shenyang Nanjing Guangzhou Tianjin Shanghai Jinan Beijing Shanghai Lanzhou Jilin Nanjing Lanzhou Tianjin Shenyang Guilin Beijing Shanghai Lanzhou Beijing Shanghai Beijing Nanjing Shenyang Xi‘an Beijing Nanjing Beijing Nanjing Beijing Xi‘an Beijing Guangdong Beijing Qingdao Beijing Shanghai Guangdong Beijing Shanghai Beijing Shanghai Beijing Shanghai Guangdong Beijing Xi‘an Shanghai RMB/ton 1950 2200 2150 2070 2250 4200 3550 3900 3300 400 540 380 1800 1380 2100 800 600 510 850 1230 1300 1280 2307 2400 2350 700 520 900 8900 9800 8550 7100 8330 8300 12000 13500 17000 16500 16000 15000 14200 13000 16000 12000 44000 34000 62000 61000 58000 45000 3185 3451 3510 3376 3660 3848 4167 1260 1260 1300 1800 1580 1480 STATISTICS Import & Export Data in China in October 2002 Code 29151100 29152110 29152190 29152200 29153100 29153300 29153500 29155010 29156000 29157010 29161100 29161200 29161400 29163100 29171110 29171200 29171310 29171400 29173100 29173200 29173300 29173500 29173610 29173700 29181100 29181200 29181400 29181600 29182110 29182210 29211100 29211200 29211920 29212110 29212210 29212290 29214110 29214200 29214300 29214500 29214910 29214920 29215110 29221100 29222100 29224110 29224210 29224991 29231000 29232000 29241900 29242920 29261000 29262000 29291010 29291030 29291090 29299010 29301000 DESCRIPTION Formic acid Glacial acetic acid Acetic acid, other than glacial acetic acid Sodium acetate Ethyl acetate n-Butyl acetate 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate Propanoic acid Butyric acids, valeric acids, their salts and esters Stearic acid Acrylic acid and its salts Acrylic ester Methacrylic ester Benzoic acid, its salts and esters Oxalic acid Adipic acid, its salts and esters Sebacic acid, its salts and esters Maleic anhydride Dibutyl orthophthalate (DBP) Dioctyl orthophthalate (DOP) Dinonyl or didecyl orthophthalate Phthalic anhydride Terephthalic acid Dimethyl terephthalate Lactic acid, its salts and esters Tartaric acid Citric acid Gluconic acid, its salts and esters Salicylic acid & sodium salicylate o-Acetyl salicylic acid Methylamine, di- or trimethylamine and their salts Diethylamine and its salts Isopropyl amine Ethylenediamine Nylon-66 salt Hexamethylenediamine and its other salts Aniline Aniline derivatives and their salts Toluidines and their derivatives; salts thereof 1-Naphthylamine, 2-naphthylamine and their derivatives; salts thereof p-Isopropylaniline Dimethyl aniline o-Phenylenediamine Monoethanolamine and its salts Aminohydroxy-naphthalenesulphonic acid and their salts Lysine Glutamic acid Procaine Choline and its salts Lecithins and other phosphoaminolipids Acyclic amides and their derivatives; salts thereof p-Acetaminophenol Acrylonitrile 1-Cyanoguanidine(dicyandiamide) Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) MDI Other isocyanates Sodium cyclamate Dithiocarbonates(xanthates) IMPORT Quantity (kg) 1140942 34506380 73356 35511 2871768 5025366 142690 1018805 1459386 1244735 5564216 16606477 3624384 644087 3787 9701331 12918 567925 120652 31903754 4808512 17934051 339521592 3092000 302184 44671 59548 167415 2020 14543 5802 1153363 770125 180 449536 213602 186186 194500 32000 196090 70 2323675 22942 1345304 1025010 1325312 193716 11373641 1 25377776 98425 13708640 7009291 1772399 100 (Oct. 2002) Value (US$ 1 000) 510 12808 58 43 1677 3371 88 634 1546 683 3859 15337 4410 285 14 8922 88 450 127 22216 3181 10160 183305 1438 614 156 79 223 11 11 18 1668 930 263 531 221 143 62 77 1 1393 41 1927 631 2672 1176 7446 21892 170 21129 9574 2750 1 CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER EXPORT (Oct. 2002) Quantity Value (kg) (US$ 1 000) 969850 85175 8060 246450 2795370 705744 200 101075 28716 185740 1080330 184921 1736430 1576750 77063 1303740 60500 3065 598065 972924 17445 640374 447885 17034315 427379 323020 838400 31513 28425 273192 3180 18000 3408 1706668 611665 1263758 62064 46000 16471 1480762 137001 34100 36250 2568715 97328 1300905 1934050 1108850 273600 31500 225966 1420125 1795170 Dec. 16, 2002 413 55 14 85 1645 431 1 380 30 212 939 250 2146 586 127 2056 38 23 343 628 12 677 771 11538 922 398 1534 18 27 245 22 10 9 2896 1181 2359 245 141 26 3667 188 119 155 1369 49 2030 4002 1155 452 48 620 1487 1268 27 STATISTICS Code DESCRIPTION 29302000 29304000 29309010 29321100 29321200 29322100 29329910 29331100 29331920 29333100 29334910 29336100 29336910 29337100 29349920 29350010 29350020 29362100 29362200 29362300 29362500 29362600 29362700 29362800 29381000 29393000 29412000 29414000 29419010 29419020 29419040 31021000 31022100 31025000 31031000 31042010 31042090 31052000 31053000 32041100 32041200 32041300 32041400 32041510 32041600 32041700 32041911 32061110 32064210 32081000 32151100 32151900 34021100 34021200 34021300 34021900 37031010 38011000 28 Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates Methionine Cystine Tetrahydrofuran 2-Furaldehyde (furfuraldehyde) Coumarin, methylcoumarin and ethylcoumarin Furan phenol Phenazone (antipyrin) and its derivatives Analgin Pyridine and its salts Ciprofloxacin Melamine Cyanuric chloride 6-Hexanelactam Furazolidine Sulphadiazine Sulfadimidine Vitamins A and their derivatives, unmixed Vitamin B1 and its derivatives, unmixed Vitamin B2 and its derivatives, unmixed Vitamin B6 and its derivatives, unmixed Vitamin B12 and its derivatives, unmixed Vitamin C and its derivatives, unmixed Vitamin E and its derivatives, unmixed Rutoside(rutin) and its derivatives, their salts Caffeine and its salts Streptomycins and their derivatives; salts thereof Chloramphenicol and its derivatives; salts thereof Gentamycin and its derivatives; salts thereof Kanamycin and its derivatives; salts thereof Lincomycin and its derivatives; salts thereof Urea, whether or not in aqueous solution Ammonium sulphate Sodium nitrate Superphosphates Potassium chloride, with analyticalpurity Other potassium chloride Mineral or chemical fertilisers containing the three fertilising elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium Diammonium hydrogenorthophosphate (diammonium phosphate) Disperse dyes and preparations based thereon Acid dyes, whether or not premetallised,and preparations based thereon; mordant dyes and preparations based thereon Basic dyes and preparations based thereon Direct dyes and preparations based thereon Vat indigo Active dyes and preparations based thereon Pigments and preparations based thereon Sulphur black and preparations based thereon Titanium dioxide Lithopone Paints and varnishes (including enamels and lacquers) based on polyesters, dispersed or dissolved in a nonaqueous medium Black printing ink Other printing ink Anionic organic surface-active agents Cationic organic surface-active agents Non-ionic organic surface-active agents Other organic surface-active agents Photographic paper and paperboard unexposed in rolls of a width exceeding 610mm Artificial graphite CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 IMPORT Quantity (kg) (Oct. 2002) Value (US$ 1 000) EXPORT (Oct. 2002) Quantity Value (kg) (US$ 1 000) 2579 4746240 47 276952 10 2795 170720 880 442033 652495 26285396 399 41978 5150 15380 571 1490 19413 84756 350000 1508200 5000000 999950 274729032 235986434 4 8163 5 416 4 1208 1 1318 631 30551 1 1139 80 240 13 80 223 719 1 40 66 733 168 32110 39007 145508 25740 205855 3234 1220100 97442 8620 87375 582838 78868 48051 3999930 511400 53465 70550 87100 167102 129045 94625 157075 44892 3536630 1125098 53645 659500 181922 80961 81549 17539 68913 26532165 1408700 951500 56080750 20000 46417025 6383250 233 123 980 5 537 656 90 321 2217 752 845 3455 718 335 472 401 2051 1512 1511 2567 2353 12430 7204 963 2998 3314 1215 2088 671 3142 3289 121 183 6478 10 5424 1057 205902269 365789 760238 38031 1862 4083 53610410 8573056 1800914 9066 24332 6644 102143 810017 5760 1780860 2422796 151182 17282109 23580 4397414 331 3066 8 7113 10009 333 28722 22 10511 1121130 592412 1676612 1070867 6936360 2331300 5876684 8004500 4198457 3867 1589 6605 4040 26267 1938 5792 2356 6586 341607 2425352 2413564 1028472 5484435 784911 738556 318627 3620 13370 3002 1796 8195 1742 2383 1663 30073 672266 1140439 180704 280342 352561 19146 6614333 193 2060 764 271 324 314 118 1138 STATISTICS Code 38021000 38061010 38081090 38082010 38082090 38083011 38083019 38084000 38112100 38121000 38122000 38123010 38123090 38180011 38180019 38231100 38237000 39011000 39012000 39013000 39021000 39023010 39023090 39031100 39031900 39032000 39033000 39039000 39041000 39042100 39042200 39043000 39045000 39046100 39061000 39069000 39071010 39072000 39073000 39074000 39075000 39076011 39076019 39076090 39079100 39079900 39081010 39081090 39089000 39092000 39093000 39094000 39095000 39100000 39202000 39204900 39211210 39211310 39232100 DESCRIPTION IMPORT Quantity (kg) Activated carbon Rosin (colophons) Insecticides not for retail sale Fungicides put up for retail sale Fungicides not for retail sale Herbicides put up for retail sale Herbicides not for retail sale Disinfectants Additives for lubricating oils containing petroleum oils or oils obtained from bituminous minerals Prepared rubber accelerators Compound plasticisers for rubber or plastics Rubber antioxidants Other anti-oxidising preparations and other compounds stabilisers for rubber or plastics Monocrystalline sillicon chips with a diameter more than 7.5cm but not more than 15.24cm Monocrystalline sillicon chips with a diameter more than 15.24cm Stearic acid Industrial fatty alcohols Polyethylene having a specific gravity of less than 0.94, in primary forms Polyethylene having a specific gravity of 0.94 or more,in primary forms Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers in primary forms Polypropylene in primary forms Propylene and ethylene copolymers in primary forms Other propylene copolymers in primary forms Polystyrene expansible in primary forms Other polystyrene in primary forms Styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) copolymers in primary forms Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymers in primary forms Other polymer of styrene, in primary forms Polyvinyl chloride, not mixed with any other substances, in primary forms Other polyvinyl chloride non-plasticised, in primary forms Other polyvinyl chloride plasticised, in primary forms Vinyl chloride-vinylacetate copolymers, in primary forms Vinylidene chloride polymers, in primary forms Polytetrafluoroethylene in primary forms Polymethyl methacrylate, in primary forms Other acrylic polymers in primary forms Polyformaldehyde in primary forms Other polyethers in primary forms Epoxide resins in primary forms Polycarbonates in primary forms Alkyd resins in primary forms Polyethylene terephthalate with high adhesive in the form of slices or chips Other chips for polyethylene glycol terephthalate Other polyethylene terephthalate in primary forms Unsaturated polyesters in primary forms Other polyesters in primary forms Chips of polyamide-6, -11, -12, -6,6, -6,9, -6,10, or -6,12, in primary forms Other polyamides-6, -11, -12, -6,6, -6,10, or -6,12 in primary forms Other polyamides in primary forms Melamine resins in primary forms Other amino-resins in primary forms Phenolic resins in primary forms Polyurethanes in primary forms Polysiloxane in primary forms Plates, sheets, film, foil, tape, strip, of polymers of propylene, non-cellular Plates, sheets, film, foil, tape and strip, made of PVC, containing plasticizer not more than 6% Artificial leather and man-made leather, of polymers of vinyl chloride, cellular Artificial leather and man-made leather of polyurethanes, cellular Sacks and bags (including cones) of polymers of ethylene, for conveyance or packing of goods (Oct. 2002) Value (US$ 1 000) EXPORT (Oct. 2002) Quantity Value (kg) (US$ 1 000) 731667 102893 146846 3567 722607 11416 507335 19665 6766206 1036 160 1914 96 4754 25 2522 43 10661 11117985 27006175 4843506 171866 2708951 122495 4302902 113008 10576 6273 11657 12543 465 8070 398 11187 176 9 1329025 8168238 1127487 7942300 5911 10659 10440989 6988575 174846064 144791014 21877949 170379799 2403043 8484339 16375352 115024686 8894983 130245319 7041527 107053514 30650532 5901376 469499 1292663 355689 8620311 13373679 10821686 18077611 13055259 34983437 3957683 1386294 14304115 7908704 11885449 11017970 9151031 5226177 5754245 1762363 2131322 8019035 7335938 7003360 9579004 5828973 3514 7706 2544 14037 6497 61818 5251 5493 111876 87612 20453 120856 1998 6066 13819 94521 8650 134830 8590 67097 19925 5396 813 3263 3111 10290 21802 14562 23509 28208 65982 4602 1139 9970 4623 10951 20454 14415 9501 9055 2668 3652 9081 12027 19253 12949 7130 488053 88871 129920 506845 4763 102 64800 125320 558700 216405 68198 736860 100 16850 2508289 1573593 42971 1087940 96620 1265391 110443 1606521 2000 427637 2485 823781 911871 4763011 1631160 6292826 160870 860000 5707210 1797980 531980 1755043 429371 247315 342031 424036 232390 2148901 745440 876493 4550433 924367 1100 215 199 817 1626 52 50 36 459 104 55 641 1 54 2139 1557 44 1455 114 823 93 1415 2 2127 4 1139 1381 5791 2777 11023 192 613 3911 1466 485 2289 481 668 602 485 186 1778 1085 2454 5222 953 5243691 2974510 933464 11336 16113 2897 1876761 649323 57652769 3206 2480 56166 CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 29 STATISTICS Code DESCRIPTION 39241000 39249000 39262000 39264000 39269090 40011000 40012100 40012200 40012900 40021110 40021190 40021911 40022010 40023110 40023910 40024100 40024910 40025910 40026010 40029911 40111000 40112000 40115000 40119900 54022000 54023310 54024110 54024200 Plastic preparations for tableware and kitchenware Other household articles and toilet articles, of plastics Articles of apparel and clothing accessories (including gloves) of plastics Statuettes and other ornamental articles of plastics Other articles of plastics not elsewhere specified Natural rubber latex, whether or not prevulcanised Smoked sheets Technically specified natural rubber (TSNR) Natural rubber in other forms Carboxylated styrene-butadiene rubber latex Styrene-butadiene rubber latex Styrene-butadiene rubber without any processing in primary forms Butadiene rubber in primary forms Isobutene-isoprene (butyl) rubber in primary forms Halo-butyl rubber in primary forms Chloroprene(chlorobutadiene) rubber (CR) latex Chloroprene(chlorobutadiene) rubber in primary forms Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber in primary forms Isoprene rubber in primary forms Other synthetic rubber in primary forms not elsewhere specified New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on motorcars New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on buses or lorries New pneumatic tyres, of rubber of a kind used on bicycles New pneumatic tyres, of rubber, not elsewhere specified High tenacity yarn of polyesters Textured yarn of polyesters elastic filament Single yarn of nylon-6, untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50 turns per meter Polyesters yarn, partially oriented untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50 turns permetre 54024300 Other polyesters yarns untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50 turns per metre 54024920 Single yarn of polyurethane filament, untwisted or with a twist not exceeding 50 turns per meter 54025200 Polyesters single yarn with a twist exceeding 50 turns per metre 54033310 Cellulose diacetate tow 54074100 Other woven fabrics, containing 85%wt. or more filaments of nylon or other polyamides, unbleached or bleached 54075100 Other woven fabrics, containing 85%wt. or more of textured polyester filaments, unbleached or bleached 54075200 Other dyed woven fabrics,containing 85%wt. or more of textured polyester filaments, unbleached or bleached 54076100 Other woven fabrics, containing 85%wt or more of non-textured polyester filaments, unbleached or bleached 55013000 Acrylic or modacrylic filament tow 55020010 Cellulose diacetate filament tow 55032000 Polyesters staple fibres,not carded, combed or otherwise processed for spinning 55033000 Acrylic or modacrylic staple fibres , not carded, combed or otherwise processed for spinning 55041000 Viscose rayon staple fibres, not carded,combed or otherwise processed for spinning 55062000 Polyesters staple 55063000 Acrylic or modacrylic staple fibres carded,combed or otherwise processed for spinning 55081000 Sewing thread of synthetic staple fibres 55093200 Multiple or cabled yarn containing 85% or more by weight of polyacrylonitrile or modifying polyacrylonitrile stable fibre 55121900 Other woven fabrics, containing 85% or more by weight of polyester staple fibres 59022000 Tyre cord fabric of high tenacity yarn of polyesters 84771010 Moulding injectors 84772010 Plastic pelletizers 84773000 Blow moulding machine 84807100 Injection or compression moulds for rubbers or plastics 84807900 Other moulds for rubber or plastics Source: Customs General Administration PRC 30 CHINA CHEMICAL REPORTER Dec. 16, 2002 IMPORT Quantity (kg) (Oct. 2002) Value (US$ 1 000) EXPORT (Oct. 2002) Quantity Value (kg) (US$ 1 000) 101948 519757 296863 214226 12529260 6245784 36618034 35827844 7214511 4077749 4257597 4087797 3533433 3854830 1528613 110493 996947 3628011 277205 14477539 39265 25786 251843 17350 937933 6061786 10462536 12200075 391 1023 1702 494 54331 4608 31233 30102 5631 2273 2644 3993 3168 7037 3695 118 1939 3781 348 14451 1019 3180 297 336 1454 10539 16683 10163 29337536 35474320 20679604 67881639 100207771 15162 530 322080 8050 253600 1562705 1855920 17975 35208 471342 941268 1951758 4557798 1393123 641272 956961 223625 - 37623 51344 37849 96199 135440 14 191 2 199 1202 2854 24 70 650 15999 60764 4588 8977 1357 1340 505 - 8430591 2190088 12464 15647 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