1. No category

Reference alphabet and numbers
b
k
s
2
3
4
or
5
1
2
7
2
2
A
B
C
D
F G H H I
M N O P Q
T U V W X
1
1
1
2
1
2
or
2
3
1 2
1 2
3
3
1
2
e
2
9
10
1
E
J
R
Y
3
4
2
2
1
2
1
1
2
or
E
K
S
Z
2
3
1
2
Sa
m
or
i
q
z
1
1
2
1
h
p
y
8
2
1
3
or
6
2
1
1 2
3
2
3
1
pl
A
F
L
T
2
1
1
2
1 2
1
2
es
1
c d e f g
l
m
n
o
t u v w x
pa
g
a
j
r
1
a b c d e f g h i j k l m
n o p q r s t u v w x y z
aμÇæc±dºÖªä‰ghªiªjkμl¥m¥n¥îÀp±†‹sÿtªuªò¡ôƒöªyz
aªÉæc±dºÖªä‰åªçªiªèªêªí¥m¥n¥îÀp±†‹sÿtªuªò¡ôƒöªõ¥ú
starting point
direction
finishing point
Capitals: alternative formations are for left-handers.
6
Diagonal joins
After a c d e h i k l m n p q s t u x
Date _____________
Join at the top of the next letter’s body.
Stay at the same angle as the exit.
This makes a wedge between the letters.
an
co
dr
et
he
im
ki
ll
mu
ny
pe
qu
sl
to
up
xi
a¥n±d
c¥îÀu¥nªt
d¥ï›u¥m
dªuºÖªt
ˆhºÖ¥ï‹s
ˆlªi¥mμbˆ
ˆkªiªtºÖ
jÖμlμlªy
mªu¥sÿt
m±a¥nªy
pºÖ¥sÿt
°ÛuªiªtºÖ
ˆs÷lªi±dºÖ
îÕ©ªt¥o
ˆcªuªp
ˆt±a¥xªi
pa
g
e
pl
Sa
m
a¥n
ˆc¥oˆ
d¥rˆ
eªt
ˆhºÖ
i¥m
ˆkªi
ˆlμl ˆ
mªu
nªy
pºÖ
°Ûu
ˆs÷l ˆ
ˆt¥oˆ
uªp
xªi
es
Revising joins
7
Date _____________
Horizontal joins
After b f o r v w
Ç¡u¥sÿy
âÂîÀu¥r
ôøîÕñ‚©
ˆc±a¥ï‹s
îÀò¬e¥n
ô¡iªtμh
es
Ç¡u
âÂo
îÕ™
ï‹s
ò¬e
ô¡i
pa
g
bu
fo
or
rs
ve
wi
Join at the top of the next letter’s body.
m
m±a
i±c
e±d
n±g
e±q
Sa
ma
ic
ed
ng
eq
pl
e
Touch joins (or pen lifts)
Lift your pen and drop the next letter in.
Always use touch joins before a c d g q.
Also use touch joins when you write long words.
obligatory touch joins
m±aªi¥n
ˆtªô¡i±û
ˆlªiμkºÖ±d
ˆl¥îÕ©±g
e±°Ûu±aμl
* individual choice touch joins
h¥î…lªi±d±aªy De±û¥mμǬe¥r ˆtμhªu¥n±dºÖ¥ï‹sÿt¥îÕñ‚®¥s
*
8
*
*
*
Date _____________
No joins
After g j y z
ga
jo
ye
zo
ga¥mºÖ
jî…kºÖ
yeμlμl
zî»îÕ®
es
ga
jo
ye
zo
These letters can be joined with speed loops.
See page 11.
1 Stay at the angle of the exit to the top of the body.
2 Change to the angle of the down stroke.
3 Go up to the top of the ascender.
4 Come down with a strong down stroke.
These letters can be joined with speed loops (page 11).
pa
g
Joining to ascenders
Before b f h k l t
From horizontal joins
ô¬eμb
h±aμlªáˆ
ˆô¡i¥s÷h
ˆcμl¥î«cμk
mºÖºÖªt
îÀãÎtºÖ¥n
ˆÇøî»î…k
ˆcªu¥ï‡l
ˆc±a¥ï‡t
pl
m
eμb
lªáˆ
ˆs÷h
ˆcμk
eªt
îÀàˆ
î…k
ï‡l
ˆï‡t
Sa
eb
lf
sh
ck
et
of
ok
rl
rt
e
From diagonal joins
9
Print script for labelling
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
o
p
j
k
l
m
n
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
q
y
z
es
i
h
pa
g
Copy these labels carefully.
ruler
pad
book
glue
paint
scissors
knife
pl
milk
apples
juice
eraser
Sa
m
paper
e
pencil
tape
brush
the proud
Claude was
ne kennel.
owner of a fi
was
This kennel
a house set
attached to
den.
in a large gar
plenty
Here he had
, and
of space to run
bury
to
ce
pla
a secret
his bones.
story
See pages 38 and 39 for more printing practice.
10
picture
Speed loops
aªÉæc±dºÖªä‰åªçªiªèªêªí¥m¥n¥îÀp±†‹sÿtªuªò¡ôƒöªõ¥úˆ
✤ Speed loops should be small because they are meant to join letters
in the shortest possible way.
✤ Use less pressure on the loop than on the down stroke of the letter itself.
✤ Use crisp turns on the loops as well as on the letters themselves.
✤ The loop should be no more than half as wide as the body of the letter.
åˆ èˆ õˆ úˆ
è¥îÀõ¥îÀu¥s
Joining from descenders
ˆtªçºÖªõˆ
eªíªÉøîÀwˆ
ˆcªçªiªíªíªõˆ
gjyz
✤ Make sure that the up stroke of the loop crosses the tail
es
of the letter at the base line. Then continue up to the
top of the body of the letter.
Joining to ascenders b f h k l
pa
g
✤ From a diagonal exit: Continue the exit stroke straight up, almost
to the top of the ascender. Then make a small loop and continue
the downstroke.
✤ From a horizontal exit: Move from the horizontal exit stroke up
m
pl
e
to a small loop, then continue down.
˜Äˆ ˜áˆ ˜ç ˜ê ˜í
ˆtªç±a¥nªê¥s
ˆc¥ï¯aªô¡ì
Sa
Practise speed loop joins here. Then go to pages 42 and 43 for more practice.
… from descenders
ˆå¥oˆ ˆ åºÖªt ˆ è±a¥r ˆ èªu±å ˆ õºÖ¥s õ¥îÀu ˆ ú¥î»o ú¥îÕ©ºÖ
… to ascenders: diagonal joins
l±aªÄˆ
iªíªíˆ
… to ascenders: horizontal joins
m¥îÀň
îÀàˆ
a¥sÿç
pªi±cªê
p±aªí
îÀé
a¥ï›ë
îÀô¡ì
11
Date _____________
a a
A A
aμb aªi a¥n a¥s aªy e±a m±a î«a ˆt±a ôæa
Touch join to a
Diagonal joins from a
aμlμl
a¥mºÖ
e±a¥r
p±aªt
lºÖ±a
ˆs÷h±a
Spelling: add-a-letter
ï¯aªt
ï¯aªtºÖ
gï¯aªtºÖ
es
aªt
gï¯aªtºÖ¥r
pa
g
a
e
a a¥n ˆt±a¥n ˆtμh±a¥n ˆtμh±a¥nμk ˆtμh±a¥nμk¥s
Fluency
Sa
m
pl
An aªtμl±a¥s i¥s a Çøî»î…k îÀàˆ m±aªp¥s,
u¥sÿu±aμlμlªy îÀàˆ ˆc¥îÀu¥nªt¥ï›iºÖ¥s, ˆsŸÖ±a¥s a¥n±d î«û±a¥n¥s.
A ˆsÿt¥ï·eºÖªt dªi¥ï·e±cªt¥îÕñ›y ˆc¥îÀò¬e¥ï‹s a sÈm±aμlμlºÖ¥r
a¥ï·e±a, a¥n±d i¥n±cμlªu±dºÖ¥s m¥îÕñ·e dºÖªt±aªiμl.
12
EXTRA: Who was Atlas? Where are the Atlas Mountains?
Date _____________
b b
Çæa Ç¡i Ç¿lˆ Çøo Çøs
B B
aμb Ç¿b eμb mμb î…b
Joins to b
Horizontal joins from b
Ǭe±a
ǃñ›i
aμÇ¡y
iμǬe
a¥ï‡b
ï›iμb
Ǭe±a¥r
ˆsÿt±aμb
ô¬eμb
Ç¡i¥sŒcªuªiªt
ÇøîÕñ·e
Ç¡u±cμkºÖªt
jî…b
gï›uμb
pa
g
Çæa¥n±d
es
Spelling: each vowel in turn
e
ˆc¥ï›iμb
Fluency
Sa
m
pl
In 1850 tμhºÖ âÎi¥ï‹sÿt Çøî»aªtμl¥î»a±d îÀà Bï›iªtªi¥s÷h
c¥îÕ©ªò¡i±cμt¥s a¥ï‚ñ›i±ò¬e±d i¥n WA. Beªtªô¬eºÖ¥n
1850 a¥n±d 1868, tμhºÖªy Ç¡u±iμlμt ǃñ›i±dªge¥s a¥n±d
ñ‹î»a±d¥s, a¥n±d ôøîÕñ‡ëºÖ±d îÕ© â„a¥ï‹m¥s.
EXTRA: Why did convicts first arrive in other parts of Australia?
13
Date _____________
c c
ˆc±a ˆcμh ˆcªi ˆc¥r ˆcªy
C C
a±c e±c l±c ï¯c x±c
Touch join to c
Diagonal joins from c
ˆcªi¥n
ˆcμlºÖ
a±û
ï¯cμh
a¥ï¯c
l±a±c
ˆcμh¥î»î»sŸÖ
ˆcμhºÖªáˆ
ˆcμhªuªtºÖ
ˆcμh¥îÀi¥r
ˆsŒcμhºÖ¥mºÖ
es
ˆcμh±aªi¥n
pa
g
Spelling: ‘ch’ has many sounds. (Read these aloud.)
e
ˆcμhºÖ¥mªi¥sÿt
Fluency
Sa
m
pl
Cî»î…k¥s dºÖμlªi±cªi¥îÀu¥s dªi¥n¥nºÖ¥ï‹s
Ha¥s a hªi±gh ˆcμhºÖªáˆ ’s h±aªt
Eò¬e¥ï›y mºÖ±aμl i¥s ˆsÿpºÖ±cªi±aμl:
a FaμÇ¡uμl¥îÀu¥s âÁÖ±a¥sÿt!
14
EXTRA: Write a poem in this style using one of the other spelling words.
ˆsŒcμh¥î»î…l
ˆcμh±a¥ï¯a±cªtºÖ¥r
Date _____________
d d
d±d dºÖ dªi d¥s dªy
D D
e±d l±d î«d ï¯d u±d
Touch join to d
Diagonal joins from d
dªiºÖ
d¥ï¯a
i±dºÖ
u±d±d
iºÖ±d
ˆsŸÖ±d
Spelling: -ed or -d for past tense
ˆc¥ï›iºÖ±d
es
ˆc±aμlμlºÖ±d
pa
g
ˆsœî…l±d
h¥îÀpºÖ±d
gï¯aμǿǬe±d
ˆsŒaªi±d
l±aªi±d
pμl±aªye±d
hºÖ±a¥ï¯d
e
e±cμh¥îÃe±d
Fluency
Sa
m
pl
DîÀuμÇ¿lºÖ îÀpªp¥î»sÿiªtºÖ¥s: lªi±ghªt i¥s ˆtμhºÖ îÀpªp¥î»sÿiªtºÖ
îÀàˆ d±a¥ï‡k. It i¥s aμl¥sœo ˆtμhºÖ îÀpªp¥î»sÿiªtºÖ îÀàˆ
hºÖ±aªò¡y. Ol±d i¥s ˆtμhºÖ îÀpªp¥î»sÿiªtºÖ îÀàˆ Çøî…tμh
yîÀu¥n±g a¥n±d nºÖªw.
EXTRA: Show these double opposites in a diagram or picture.
15