ICPSR
Inter-university Consortium for
Political and Social Research
The New Orleans Slave Sale Sample,
1804 -1862
Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman
ICPSR 7423
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October 2000
ICPSR
Inter-university Consortium for
Political and Social Research
The New Orleans Slave Sale Sample,
1804-l 862
Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman
ICPSR 7423
The New Orleans
Sale Sample,
Principal
Slave
1804-1862
Investigators
Robert W. Fogel
Stanley L. Engerman
University
of Rochester
( ICPSR 7423?
August,
Inter-University
1976
Consortium for Political
and Social
P. 0. Box 1248
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
Research
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
OF ASSISTANCE
All
should
manuscripts
acknowledge
the data.
follow
items
utilizing
that
fact
The ICPSR council
some adaptation
to be filled
data made available
as well
urges
of this
as identify
all
users
statement
in appropriately
through
the Consortium
the original
collector
of ICPSR data facilities
with
or deleted
the parentheses
of
to
indicating
by the individual
user.
The data (and tabulations)
utilized
in this (publication)
were
made available
(in part) by the Inter-university
Consortium
for Political
and Social Research.
The data for the New Orleans
Slave Sale Sample, 1804-1862, were originally
collected
by
Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman under a grant from the
National
Science Foundation.
Neither the original
collectors
of the data nor the Consortium bear any responsibility
for the
analyses or interpretations
presented here.
In order
to provide
the use of the archival
information
about
cover
letter
or thesis
which
agencies
resources,
ICPSR participants'
ICPSR data facilities
manuscript
funding
is expected
abstract
with
and to facilitate
research
information
about
the exchange of
activities,
to send two copies
to the Consortium.
data were used.
essential
each user of the
of each completed
Please
indicate
in the
STUDY DESCRIPTION
This dataset contains
information
on slave sales occurring
in the
New Orleans slave market in the period from 1804-1862.
The data were
originally
collected
by Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman (both of
the University
of Rochester);
the collection
of these data was included
in the project
on "The Relative
Efficiency
of Slave and Free Agriculture
in 1850 and 1860," financed by the National
Science Foundation.
Included in the dataset are variables
recording
the details
of approximately
5,000 slave sale transactions.
The data were originally
obtained
from the notarized
bills
of sale stored in the New Orleans Notarial
Archival
Office.
These source materials
are described in Wendell Holmes Stephenson,
Isaac Franklin;
Slave Trader and Planter of the Old South, and is also
discussed in U.B. Phillips,
American Negro Slavery,
and Richard Wade,
Slavery in the Cities.
The data appearing in the file were selected by
a sample of all records extant for each of the years under examination;
sampling fractions
appear below:
Years
Percent of
Records Sampled
1804-1826
1827-1829
1830
1831-1834
1835
1836-1839
1840
1841-1844
1845
1846-1849
1850-1855
1856-1859
1860
1861-1862
5%
2.5%
5%
2.5%
5%
2.5%
5%
2.5%
5%
2.5%
5%
2.5%
5%
2.5%
The bills
of sale which served as the original
source for all material
appearing in this dataset often contained
information
on several persons
who were sold in a group or as a "lot".
Whenever feasible,
the principal
investigators
recorded sale and personal characteristics
of individuals
appearing in such groups on separate data records.
Thus in some instances,
data for individuals
known to be members of a family group (see Variable
35)
were stored on separate data records;
this was usually
done when separate
sale prices were recorded for each member of the group being sold.
When
separate prices were not recorded for children
sold in a group, information
describing
those children
was attached to the record of a principal
slave
of record with whom those children
were associated
on the original
bill
of
sale (see Variables
19-34).
The dataset thus contains
5,009 data records,
i
with each record representing
the sale of one or more slaves.
Variables
presented for each of these records describe the conditions
of the sale
itself;
the buyer and seller
of the slave (s); characteristics
of one
"principal
slave of record"
(most frequently
an adult;
and (optionally)
characteristics
of children
sold in a group with the principal
slave of
record.
Values of variables
which describe the sale transaction
(rather
than
individuals
recorded on the bill
of sale) are duplicated
in all data records
For example,
representing
individuals
who were found on that bill
of sale.
the six separate data records documenting the sale of six individuals
sold in a group will all have the value "06" for variable
12 (Number of
Slaves on Original
Invoice).
Analysis
of variables
of this nature must
take cognizance of these characteristics
of the file
structure.
PROCESSINGINFORMATION
In addition
to the preparation
of this documentation
for the New
Orleans slave sale sample, ICPSR performed several data processing
tasks
intended to facilitate
use of the data file.
Certain variables
which were
stored in the original
version of the data file as alphabetic
code values
were recoded to numeric values.
Several new variables
describing
the
fourth through eighth children
in a group (Variables
25-34) constructed
and added to each data record in the original
file.
Appropriate
information
on these children
was extracted
from the separate data records in which
that information
was entered on the data record
they were initially
stored;
of the principal
slave of record with whom the children
belonged; and the
now-superflurous
children's
records (30 in number) were deleted from the
data file.
The final variable
in the dataset (Variable
46, "Index of
Individual
Price Quotation")
was also constructed
by ICPSR. This variable
allows users to easily identify
those data records in which the sale price
(Variable
14) applies only to the principal
slave of record and not to a
group of slaves sold as a lot.
The frequencies
appearing below were also
calculated
by ICPSR.
RELATED PUBLICATIONS
Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman, Time on the Cross:
The Economics of American Negro Slavery [Volume l] and Evidence
and Methods- A Supplement [Volume 21 (Boston:
Little,
Brown and
Company, 1974).
ii
1
THE NEWORLEANSSLAVE SALE SAMPLE, 1804-1862
Variable
Number
Description
Data Type
the constant
For this file,
appears
here in all records.
I
1
Initials
2
.
of Notary
Two alphabetic
notary public
NO2 (for
New Orleans
Sample)
characters
represent
the initials
of the
which app.eared on the bill
of sale.
Month of Sale
Frequency
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
18
605
594
621
537
555
490
295
245
178
271
323
294
1
5009
4
Code
Value
Months
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
[Wild code]
Year of Sale
Frequency
Code Value
(Year)
Frequency
Code Value
(Year)
31
35
36
47
35
55
51
109
87
44
52
53
103
44
91
78
62
96
112
60
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
61
89
89
71
105
129
148
91
71
55
92
127
85
48
62
60
161
101
61
60
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
Frequency
55
181
99
81
102
62
182
141
202
140
124
117
64
96
53
94
135
19
15
5009
Code Value
(Year)
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
Variable
Number
Description
5
Invoice "umber
The last three digits
of the invoice number are
presented here.
Most values for this variable
contain alphabetic
characters
and blanks.
6
Initials
Origin
of Seller of Slave(s)
Two alphabetic
characters
the seller
which appeared
of
of Seller of Slave(s) - General
This variable
presents in summary form the place of
origin
of the seller
of the slaves listed
in the invoice.
The general place of origin
categories
were created by
the principal
investigators
by collapsing
the specific
places of origin
described in Variable
8 (Origin of SellerSpecific)'.
Frequency
3477
442
1033
8
49
Origin
represent
the initials
on the bill
of sale.
of Seller
Code
Value
1
2
3
4
9
Place of
Origin
New Orleans
Other Louisiana
Out of State
Out of Country
Missing
of Slave(s)
Parish
- Specific
[Undocumented]
9
10
Initals
Origin
of Buyer of Slave(s)
Two alphabetic
characters
represent
of the slaves listed
in the invoice.
of Buyer of Slave(s)
Frequency
3316
1357
180
2
154
5009
the initials
- General
Code
Value
Place of Origin
1
2
3
4
9
New Orleans
Other Louisiana
Out of state
Out of country
Not reported
parish
of the buyer
Variable
Number
Description
11
Origin
12
Number of Slaves on the Original
Invoice.
Frequencies
presented below tabulate
the number of data
records which contain each specific
value of "Number of
Slaves on the Original
Invoice."
The frequencies
should
not be interpreted
as the number of invoices
listing
a
particular
number of slaves.
For example code value 06
(and its associated
frequency of 158) does not refer to
invoices
of six persons but rather displays
the number
of separately
- recorded individual
slaves (158) who
were sold as part of a group of six people.
of Buyer of Slave(s)
[Undocumented]
Frequency
2725
720
285
214
133
158
111
53
62
56
67
30
14
15
16
13
- Specific.
Code Value
(Number of Slaves
on Invoice)
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
14
15
16
Frequency
18
19
36
24
25
26
28
31
36
27
18
31
5009
Code Value
(Number of Slaves
on Invoice)
18
19
21
24
25
26
28
31
38
39
40
46
Number of Price Quotations
on the Original
Invoice.
Frequencies
presented below tabulate
the number of data
records which contain each specific
value of "Number of
Price Quotations
on the Original
Invoice."
The frequencies
should not be interpreted
as the number of invoices
listing
a particular
number of Price Quotations
(see discussion
under Variable
12 above).
Variable
Number
13 (cont.)
Frequency
Code Value
(Number of Price
on Invoice)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
14
15
18
24
26
36
01
4029
252
79
92
71
84
77
40
45
60
33
12
14
15
19
24
26
36
5009
14
Frequencies
Price
are presented
of Slave(s)
Frequency
27
106
210
426
583
663
487
457
285
287
122
182
111
164
116
53
32
9
689
5009
Quotations
-
for
ranges
of code values.
as Recorded on the Invoice,
Code Values
00101
00101
00201
00301
00401
00501
00601
00701
00801
00901
01001
01101
01201
01301
01501
02001
03001
10001
99999
to 00100
to 00200
to 00300
to 00400
to 00500
to 00600
to 00700
to 00800
to 00900
to 01000
to 01100
to 01200
to 01300
to 01500
to 02000
to 03000
to 10000
and above
in Whole Dollars
Price
$1.00 to $100.00
$101.00 to $200.00
$201.00 to $300.00
$301.00 to $400.00
$401.00 to $500.00
$501.00 to $600.00
$601.00 to $700.00
$701.00 to $800.00
$801.00 to $900.00
$901.00 to $1000.00
$1001.00 to $1100.00
$1101.00 to $1200.00
$1201.00 to $1300.00
$1301.00 to $1500.00
$1501.00 to $2000.00
$2000.00 to $3000.00
$3001.00 to $10000.00
Price not reported
Variable
Number
15
Sex of the Slave Being Sold.
This variable
records the sex of the "principal"
Information
slave of record, most frequently
an adult.
about child slaves was attached to the data record
of the "principal"
slave with whom the children
See variables
19-34
if appropriate.
"belonged",
for sex and age of slave children
thus attached.
Frequency
Code Value
1
2
9
2539
2457
13
16
Sex
Male
Female
Sex not recorded
Age of the Slave Being Sold (in years, with One Implied
Decimal Place)
This variable
is also pertient
to the "principal"
slave of record (see discussion
of variable
15 above).
Age is recorded with one implied decimal place;
eg., a code of 215 is to be interpreted
as "21.5
Frequencies
are presented for ranges
years of age."
of code values.
Frequency
1
9
44
153
647
1259
1153
689
644
229
62
13
106
5009
Code Values
001
011
051
101
151
201
251
301
401
501
601
000
to 010
to 050
to 100
to 150
to 200
to 250
to 300
to 400
to 500
to 600
to 700
999
!e
Less
0.1
1.1
5.1
10.1
15.1
20.1
25.1
30.1
40.1
50.1
60.1
Age
than 0.1 years
to 1.0 years
to 5.0 years
to 10.0 years
to 15.0 years
to 20.0 years
to 25.0 years
to 30.0 years
to 40.0 years
to 50.0 years
to 60.0 years
to 70.0 years
not reported
Variable
Number
17
Skin Color
of "Principal"
Frequency
3595
332
19
550
19
68
2
16
61
5
25
30
22
4
261
5009
18
Slave Being Sold
Code Value
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
Color
Negro
Griff
Yellow
Mulatto
Copper
Black
Light
Brown
Creole
Quadroon
Dark Color
American Negro
African
Negro
[Wild code]
Skin color not reported
Number of Children
associated
with the Principal
Slave of Record.
This variable
provides a count of the number of children
invoice,
were sold in a group
who, on the original
headed by a "principal"
slave of record.
Frequency
4526
301
108
46
19
4
3
500;
Code Value
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
Number of Children
None
One
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Eight
Variable
Number
Characteristics
of Children Associated with the Principal
Slave of Record.
The following
variables
document the sex and age of
children
listed
on the invoice who were sold in a
group with a principal
slave of record.
The missing
data value for each of these variables
denotes that
the particular
characteristic
for a child was either
not recorded or was inappropriate
because there was
no third,
fourth,
etc. child associated
with that
principal
slave of record.
Frequencies
for ages of
children
are presented for ranges of code values.
19
Sex of First
Child
Frequency
Code Value
208
225
4576
5009
20
Age of First
1
2
9
Description
Male
Female
Missing
data code
Child
Frequency
15
69
180
143
53
12
4537
5009
21
(s)
Code Values
001
011
051
101
151
000
to 010
to 050
to 100
to 150
to 210
999
Less than 0.1 years
0.1 to 1.0 years
1.1 to 5.0 years
5.1 to 10.0 years
10.1 to 15.0 years
15.1 to 21.0 years
Missing data code
Sex of Second Child
Frequency
76
91
4842
5009
Code Value
1
2
9
(s)
Description
Male
Female
Missing
data code
Variable
Number
22
Age of Second Child
Frequency
8
29
82
47
10
23
Sex of Third
Frequency
Code Values
001
011
051
101
Age of Third
Less than 0.1 years
0.1 to 1.0 years
1.1 to 5.0 years
5.1 to 10.0 years
10.1 to 15.0 years
Age not reported
Child
Code Values
1
2
9
27
35
24
000
to 010
to 050
to 100
to 150
999
Description
Male
Female
Missing
data code
Child
Frequency
Code Values
4
14
34
14
4
4939
5009
000
001 to 010
011 to 050
051 to 100
120
999
4%
Less
0.1
1.1
5.1
than 0.1 years
to 1.0 years
to 5.0 years
to 10.0 years
Missing
data code
Variable
Number
25
26
27
Sex of Fourth
Child
Frequency
Code Values
9
14
4986
5009
1
2
9
Age of Fourth
Code Values
3
10
10
5
4981
5009
000
001 to 010
011 to 050
051 to 100
999
Frequency
Age of Fifth
Frequency
6
3
data code
Less than 0.1 years
0.1 to 1.0 years
1.1 to 5.0 years
5.1 to 10.0 years
Missing data code
Child
Code Values
1
2
9
4
5
5000
5009
28
Male
Female
Missing
Child
Frequency
Sex of Fifth
Description
Description
Male
Female
Missing
data code
Child
Code Values
000
011 to 050
070 to 080
999
Less than 0.1 years
1.1 to 5.0 years
7.0 to 8.0 years
Age not reported
10
Variable
Number
29
30
Sex of Sixth
Child
Frequency
Code Values
3
1
5005
5009
1
2
9
Age if
Sixth
Frequency
Description
Male
Female
Missing
data code
Child
Code Values
Liz!+
0.1 to 1.0 years
1.1 to 5.0 years
Missing data code
31
Sex of Seventh Child
Frequency
Code Values
Description
Male
Female
Missing
32
33
Age of Seventh Child
(in
years with
one decimal
Frequency
Code Values
43s
2
5007
5009
999
2.0
Missing
Sex of Eighth
data code
place)
data code
Child
Frequency
Code Values
1
1
5007
5009
1
2
9
Description
Male
Female
Missing
data code
11
Variable
Number
34
35
Age of Eighth
(in
years with
Frequency
Code Values
1
1
5007
5009
010
150
Family
one decimal
place)
&!2
1.0 years
15.0 years
Relation
of Individuals
Being Sold
This variable
records the family relation
between
slave of record and another slave
the "principal"
being sold at the same time, if that relationship
could be determined from the original
invoices.
Frequencies
presented below tabulate
the number
of data records which contain each specific
value
of the family relation
code and not the number of
invoices
containing
this particular
code value
(see discussion
under Variable
12 above).
Frequency
36
Child
Code Value
4860
38
33
24
0
1
2
3
15
2
3
4
5
7
12
8
22
5009
9
Family
Relationship
No family relation
indicated
Husband and wife
Husband, wife and 1-3 children
Siblings
Mother and children,
with
separate prices reported
for
each individual
Father and child
Granddaughter
Husband, wife and four or
more children
Mother and four or more
children
Terms of Sale
Frequency
3555
1418
-- 36
5009
Code Value
1
2
9
Terms of Sale
Cash
Credit
Terms of sale not given
12
Variable
Number
37
Amount of Down Payment for Credit Sales (in Whole Dollars)
Frequencies
are presented for ranges of code values.
Code Values
Frequency
0000
0101
0201
0300
0600
1001
29
68
75
115
41
23
--4658
5009
38
Longest
Frequency
13
31
79
82
12
232
15
49
28
25
37
460
1
11
12
14
1
40
9
36
4
7
2
75
1
1
6
4
3722
5009
to
to
to
to
to
to
Amount of Down Payment
$0 to $100
$101 to $200
$201 to $300
$300 to $600
$600 to $1000
$1001 to $5000
0100
0200
0300
0600
1000
5000
Amount of down payment not
reported
or inappropriate
(es., for cash sales)
9999
Period
of Credit
(in months)
Code Value
(Months)
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
31
35
36
48
99
Missing
or inappropriate
13
Variable
Number
39
Interest
Rate (If Terms of Sale Were Credit)
This variable
is expressed as a proportion
with
For example, 6% interest
two implied decimal.
would be represented
by the code value 06 and
would be interpreted
as .06.
Frequency
25
4
121
40
1
4817
50d9
40
Code
Value
06
07
08
10
28
99
Interest
Rate
6%
7%
8%
10%
28%
Interest
rate not given
or inappropriate
(eg., for
cash sales)
Guarantee Indicator
This variable
documents whether the "principal"
slave of record was "guaranteed"
or not
(see Variable
41 for reasons slave were listed
as "not guaranteed").
Frequency
4187
705
,117
5009
Code
Value
1
2
9
Description
Slave was guaranteed
Slave was not guaranteed
No guarantee information
given
14
Variable
Number
41
Reason given on the Invoice
"Not Guaranteed"
Frequency
2
56
2
4
8
5
60
9
22
11
1
11
1
2
1
1
5
1
6
5
2
29
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
18
4738
5009
Code
Value
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
13
14
15
21
22
23
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
37
38
39
40
42
99
for
the Slave Being
Description
Asthma
Runaway; absconds
Hearing
Absents herself
Bad eyes
Rheumatism
Maladies
Defect in leg; frostbitten
foot
Addicted to drink
Sickly
Swollen limbs
Slightly
ruptured
One arm
Cripplen
on hand
Subject to convulsions
Bad character
Subject to fits
Scrofula
Hereditary
vices
Theft
Pock knees
Vices only
Dirt eater
Not worth much
Does nothing
Cancer
Handicap
Disease of "white flo"???
Venereal disease
Troubled of a diddine??
Head wound
"Brut";
rough, raw
Reason for slave not being
guaranteed was not given or
inappropriate
(eg., slave was
"guaranteed").
15
Variable
Number
42
Occupation or Skill
of "Principal"
as listed
on the Invoice.
Code
Value
Frequency
Salve of Record,
4555
8
117
2
19
24
1
93
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
1
56
5
2
11
1
1
3
12
1
1
7
08
09
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
3
2
1
5
1
17
4
1
1
2
1
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
No occupation
or skill
given
Seamstress
Cook; washer; ironer
Sailmaker
Blacksmith
cabinet maker
Carpenter;
Gardener
House servant;
waiter;
domestic;
carriage
driver
Wood chopper
Field hand; field worker
Cooper
Hair dresser
Bricklayer;
mason
Knowledge of languages
Butcher
Axeman and plough
Laborer
[SHCE???]
Slater
Very intelligent;
good subject;
hard or good worker
Child nurse
Hostler
Seller
Baker
Engineer
Dray driver;
coachman
Tailor
Shoe maker
Digger
Spinner
Shepherd
51
5009
99
Orphan
16
Variable
Number
43
Slave Importation
Indicator
This variable
provides
information
(with various
degrees of certainty)
on the import status or
local origin
of the slave being sold
Frequency
Code
Value
3306
0
Information
on import status not given
or inappropriate(eg.,
slave was of
local origin)
Imported into New Orleans less than
one year before date of sale
Imported from known locality
either
more than one year before sale, or
date of importation
unknown.
Imported into New Orleans, date of
importation
and original
place of
purchase unknown.
Vendor resides
in New Orleans.
Trader's
tax was paid
Seller not from Louisiana
and codes
01, 02, or 04 not applicable
Agent represents
out-of-state
seller
Presumably a recent import from Africa
Seller not from Louisiana
and codes
1, 2, or 4 not applicable
(same as
code value 5)
219
290
284
7%
26
3'86
5009
44
Geographical
Origin
Frequency
Code
Value
3310
0
577
1
146
2
286
3
275
4
50
364
8
9
5009
of Slave Being Sold
Origin
Place of origin
of slave not
(eg., slaves
given, or inappropriate
of local origin)
Slave exporting
states (Delaware,
District
of Columbia, Maryland,
Virginia,
North Carolina,
South
Carolina)
"Mixed" (slave importing
and exporting) states - East (Georgia, Florida)
"Mixed" (slave importing
and exporting) states - North (Kentucky,
Tennessee, Missouri)
Slave importing
states (Mississippi,
Alabama, Texas, Arkansas)
Local (out-of-state
seller
in North)
Specific
origin
unknown but outside
of Louisiana
17
Variable
Number
45
Previous Transaction
Involving
the Slave Being Sold
This variable
describes
the prior
transaction
or
circumstances
under which the slave being sold
arrived
for sale in the New Orleans Slave Market.
Frequency
Code
Value
Description
16
2
16
14
10
12
40
56
2
3
75
1
100
101
111
113
115
117
119
121
122
123
125
127
[Imported
Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
[Imported
(IMP)]
5
1
4
19
9
1
3
15
1
43
2
9
129
131
133
135
137
139
141
143
160
171
172
173
459
1
157
2
18
1
181
182
201
202
211
213
1
3
5
1
8
3
6
3
215
217
219
221
225
227
229
231
1
233
[Imported from Texas (IMPTX)]
Imported from District
of Columbia
Imported from Arkansas
Imported from Florida
Imported from Tennessee
Imported from Jamaica
[Imported from North Carolina
(IMPNC)]
[Imported from Alabama (IMPAL)]
Imported,
an inherited
slave
Imported lawfully
(legally)
Legally
imported
Slave was an import,
legally
belonged
to seller
[Import declared
(IMDEC)]
[Import delcared
(IMPDE)]
[Purchased (no location
known (P)]
Purchased (no location
known)
Purchased in Alabama
Purchased in Ascension or Assumption
parish,
Louisiana
Purchased in Avoyelles
Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Purchased in Baton Rouge, Louisiana
Purchased in Caddo Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Cuba
Purchased in the District
of Columbia
Purchased in Dominican Republic
Purchased in East Baton Rouge Parish,
Louisiana
Purchased in East Feliciana
Parish,
Louisiana
from
from
from
from
from
from
from
from
from
from
(IMpVI) 1
South Carolina
(IMPSC)]
Mississippi
(IMPMI)]
Kentucky (IMPKY)]
Africa
(IMPAF)]
Georgia (IMPGA)]
Maryland (IMPMD)]
Maryland @IMP)]
Missouri
(IMPMO)]
Virginia
(IMPVA)]
Virginia/Virgin
Islands
18
Variable
Number
45 (cont'd)
Previous
Transaction
Frequency
Code
Value
1
1
3
6
1
3
15
14
46
3
1
15
3
36
2
6
1565
6
1
2
8
1
7
15
1
1
7
'235
. 237
239
241
243
245
247
249
251
253
255
257
259
261
263
265
267
269
271
273
275
217
279
281
283
285
287
3
1
7
289
291
292
6
18
1
9
22
1
48
1
2
15
1106
4
10
293
294
295
296
297
298
301
302
310
401
402
403
404
Involving
the Slave Being Sold
Description
Purchased in Feliciana
Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Florida
[Undocumented (FOP)]
Purchased in Georgia
Purchased in Iberville
Parish,
Louisiana
Purchased in Jackson Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Jefferson
Parish, Louisiana
[Purchased in Kentucky (KYP)]
Purchased in Lafayette
Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Livingston
Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Madison Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Maryland
[Purchased in Missouri
(MOP)]
[Purchased in Mississippi
(MIP)]
Purchased in Natchitoches
Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in North Carolina
[Purchased in New Orleans (NOP)]
Purchased in Orleans Parish,
Louisiana
Purchased in Ovachita Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Point Coupee Parish, Louisiana
Purchased in Plaquemines
Purchased in Rapides Parish
Purchased in St. Bernard Parish,
Louisiana
Purchased in South Carolina
[Undocumented (SGP)]
[Undocumented (SIP)]
Purchased in St. James or St. John
the Baptist
Parish
Purchased in St. Landry Parish
Purchased in St. Helena Parish
Purchased in St. Martin's
or St. Mary's
Parish
Purchased in St. Tammany Parish
Purchased in Tennessee
Purchased in Terre Bonne Parish
Purchased in Texas
Purchased in Virginia
Purchased in West Baton Rouge Parish
Inherited
Inherited
Inherited
in New Orleans
Slave legally
belongs to seller
[Slave legally
belongs to seller
(LL)]
[Slave legally
belongs to seller
(*LL)]
[Slave legally
belongs to seller
(LL)]
19
Yariable
Number
45 (cont'd)
Previous
Frequency
46
Transaction
Involving
Code
Value
1
411
2
4
2
413
414
415
13
417
4
419
1
421
2
20
580
1
1
2
36
42
8
1
3
2
2
68
162
501
502
503
510
511
910
911
912
913
914
915
930
931
932
999
the Slave Being Sold
Description
Slave legally
belongs to seller
in
North Carolina
Slave legally
belongs to seller
in Virginia
Slave legally
belongs to seller
in Virginia
[Slave legally
belongs to sller
in
Kentucky (LLKTY)]
[Slave legally
belongs to seller
in
Maryland (LLMLD)]
[Slave legally
belongs to seller
in
Tennessee (LLTEN)]
[Slave legally
belongs to seller
in
Mississippi
(LLMIS)]
[Declared
(*DE)]
Declared
[Declared
(DEC)]
[Declared,
North Carolina
(NCDEC)]
[Declared,
Kentucky (DECKY)]
Adjudication
Bequested to present owner
Slave acquired by succession to owner
Refunded
[Undocumented (LA)]
[New Orleans (NO )]
Donated
Sold to pay for a debt
[Born (BORN)]
Missing
Index of IndividualPrice.
This variable
permits the identification
of data records in which
the sale price (Variable
14) pertains
only to the principal
slave
of that record.
It was constructed
by ICPSR from Variables
12 (Number
of Slaves on the Original
Invoice)
and 13 (Number of Price Quotations
on the Original
Invoice).
When the number of price quotations
equals
the number of slaves on the invoice,
this variable
will
contain
the value "1"; when there are more slaves on the invoice
than price
quotations,
the value of the variable
will be "2".
Frequency
Code Value
3514
1495
5009
1
2
Descrintion
Price
Price
listed
listed
is for a single slave
is for more than one slave