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 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements Volume 4 Engineering and infrastructure Section 2: Manual Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements manual
Published by the State of Queensland (Queensland Health), June 2013
This document is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Australia licence. To view a copy of this licence, visit
www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/au
© State of Queensland (Queensland Health) 2013
You are free to copy, communicate and adapt the work, as long as you
attribute the State of Queensland (Queensland Health).
For more information contact:
Health Infrastructure Branch, Office of the Director-General
Department of Health
GPO Box 48
Brisbane QLD 4001
[email protected]
3006 2816
Queensland Health disclaimer
Queensland Health has made every effort to ensure the Queensland
Health capital infrastructure requirements (CIR) are accurate.
However, the CIR are provided solely on the basis that readers will be
responsible for making their own assessment of the matters
discussed. Queensland Health does not accept liability for the
information or advice provided in this publication or incorporated into
the CIR by reference or for loss or damages, monetary or otherwise,
incurred as a result of reliance upon the material contained in the CIR.
The inclusion in the CIR of information and material provided by third
parties does not necessarily constitute an endorsement by
Queensland Health of any third party or its products and services. Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Edition
Author
Version description
Released
date
28 May 2012
1.0
Health Planning
and Infrastructure
Division,
Queensland Health
First public release
1.1
Health
Infrastructure
Branch
Name changed from
Capital Infrastructure
Minimum Requirements to
CIR Approved
5 April 2013
2.0
Health
Infrastructure
Branch
Second public release.
Updated information
regarding Legionella,
infection control and other
minor edits.
3 September
2014
Approved for
release by
Deputy DirectorGeneral (DDG) –
Health Planning &
Infrastructure
Division
DDG-System
Support Services
Deputy DirectorGeneral, Office of
the Director-General
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Contents
1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Overarching objectives ....................................................................................................... 1 2. Future proofing and flexibility ......................................................................................... 2 2.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.2. General considerations....................................................................................................... 2 2.3. Installation, operation and control....................................................................................... 3 2.4. Economics .......................................................................................................................... 3 3. Mechanical services ...................................................................................................... 3 3.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 3 3.2. Required outcomes of mechanical services design ........................................................... 3 3.3. Design criteria for health facility areas ............................................................................... 7 3.4. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems .............................................................. 7 3.5. Selection of mechanical systems ....................................................................................... 9 3.6. Economic life of plant ....................................................................................................... 13 3.7. Functional area requirements ........................................................................................... 14 3.8. Cooling and heating load calculation ................................................................................ 14 3.9. Building management and control systems ...................................................................... 15 3.10. Fire alarm and mechanical services systems................................................................... 17 3.11. Pneumatic transport systems ........................................................................................... 18 4. Electrical services ........................................................................................................ 19 4.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 19 4.2. Required outcomes of electrical services design ............................................................. 19 4.3. Main electrical supply requirement ................................................................................... 22 4.4. Electrical supply demand.................................................................................................. 22 4.5. Standby power .................................................................................................................. 23 4.6. Submains .......................................................................................................................... 25 4.7. Patient electrical protection systems (body and cardiac patient areas) ........................... 28 4.8. Switchboards .................................................................................................................... 28 4.9. Provision of power points ................................................................................................. 29 4.10. Integrated testing .............................................................................................................. 29 4.11. Main switchboards ............................................................................................................ 29 4.12. Lightning protection .......................................................................................................... 29 4.13. Energy efficiency measures ............................................................................................. 30 4.14. Economic life .................................................................................................................... 30 5. IT and communications................................................................................................ 31 6. Security systems.......................................................................................................... 32 6.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 32 Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page i Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 6.2. Required outcomes of security design ............................................................................. 32 6.3. Risk management ............................................................................................................. 34 6.4. Application of CPTED design principles ........................................................................... 34 6.5. Internal security risks ........................................................................................................ 34 6.6. Doors and windows .......................................................................................................... 38 6.7. External lighting ................................................................................................................ 38 6.8. Medical gases ................................................................................................................... 38 6.9. Security interfacing ........................................................................................................... 38 7. Fire services ................................................................................................................ 39 7.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 39 7.2. Required outcomes of fire services .................................................................................. 39 7.3. Codes and standards ....................................................................................................... 42 7.4. All systems........................................................................................................................ 42 8. Hydraulic services........................................................................................................ 44 8.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 44 8.2. Required outcomes of hydraulic services design ............................................................. 44 9. Lifts .............................................................................................................................. 49 9.1. Required outcomes .......................................................................................................... 49 9.2. General ............................................................................................................................. 51 10. Medical gases .............................................................................................................. 52 10.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 52 10.2. Required outcomes .......................................................................................................... 52 10.3. Codes and standards ....................................................................................................... 54 10.4. Medical gas purity ............................................................................................................. 55 10.5. Sources of supply and backup provisions ........................................................................ 55 11. Central energy facilities ............................................................................................... 55 11.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 55 11.2. Application ........................................................................................................................ 55 11.3. Standards and codes ........................................................................................................ 55 11.4. Central Energy Plant advantages and disadvantages .................................................... 55 11.5. CEP—recommended options for consideration ............................................................... 56 11.6. CEP—heating and cooling plant....................................................................................... 56 11.7. CEP—medical oxygen ...................................................................................................... 57 11.8. CEP—medical air and suction .......................................................................................... 57 11.9. CEP—bottled medical gases ............................................................................................ 57 11.10. CEP—reticulation routes .................................................................................................. 57 11.11. CEP—service and access locations ................................................................................. 58 11.12. CEP—tunnels and trenches ............................................................................................. 59 11.13. Energy systems and integration ....................................................................................... 60 Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page ii Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 11.14. Combined heat and power systems ................................................................................. 60 12. Acoustics and vibration ................................................................................................ 63 12.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 63 12.2. Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 63 12.3. Off-site noise sources ....................................................................................................... 63 12.4. On-site noise sources ....................................................................................................... 63 13. Services coordination and integration.......................................................................... 65 13.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 65 13.2. Checklists ......................................................................................................................... 65 14. Commissioning, testing and validation of systems ...................................................... 73 14.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 73 14.2. Phases of activities ........................................................................................................... 73 14.3. Planning checklists ........................................................................................................... 74 14.4. Pre-completion checklists ................................................................................................. 74 14.5. Commissioning ................................................................................................................. 76 14.6. Testing and validation witnessing ..................................................................................... 76 14.7. Documentation.................................................................................................................. 76 14.8. Building handover ............................................................................................................. 77 14.9. Off-Line Pre-Occupancy ................................................................................................... 78 14.10. Post occupancy ................................................................................................................ 78 14.11. Project archiving ............................................................................................................... 80 15. Asset management and facilities management ........................................................... 81 15.1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 81 15.2. Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 81 15.3. Best practice ..................................................................................................................... 81 15.4. Maintenance ..................................................................................................................... 82 15.5. Asset management system .............................................................................................. 82 Appendix A 1. Requirements for design reports and checklists .......................................... 84 Mechanical services .................................................................................................... 85 1.1. Project definition plan ....................................................................................................... 85 1.2. Schematic design report ................................................................................................... 86 1.3. Design checklists .............................................................................................................. 93 2. Electrical services ........................................................................................................ 98 2.1. Schematic design report ................................................................................................... 98 2.2. Design checklists ............................................................................................................ 101 3. Security services........................................................................................................ 106 3.1. Project definition plan ..................................................................................................... 106 3.2. Design requirements ...................................................................................................... 106 3.3. Design checklists ............................................................................................................ 106 Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page iii Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4. Hydraulic services...................................................................................................... 110 4.1. Project definition plan ..................................................................................................... 110 4.2. Schematic design report ................................................................................................. 111 4.3. Design checklists ............................................................................................................ 116 5. Fire services .............................................................................................................. 121 5.1. Project definition plan ..................................................................................................... 121 5.2. Design checklists ............................................................................................................ 121 6. Lift services ................................................................................................................ 126 6.1. Project definition plan ..................................................................................................... 126 6.2. Design checklist .............................................................................................................. 126 7. Medical gases ............................................................................................................ 131 7.1. Project definition plan ..................................................................................................... 131 7.2. Design checklists ............................................................................................................ 131 Tables
Table 1: Required outcomes for mechanical services ............................................................ 3 Table 2: Mechanical services—plant economic life ...................................................... 13 Table 3: Required outcomes for electrical services .............................................................. 19 Table 4: Minimum areas requiring cardiac protection ........................................................... 28 Table 5: Electrical services plant economic life .................................................................... 30 Table 6: Outcome statement ................................................................................................. 32 Table 7: Fire services required outcomes ............................................................................. 39 Table 8: Hydraulic services required outcomes .................................................................... 44 Table 9: Lift services required outcomes .............................................................................. 49 Table 10: Outcome statement ............................................................................................... 52 Table 11: Mechanical energy sources .................................................................................. 91 Table 12: Hydraulic services—energy sources ................................................................... 115 Figures
Figure 1: Sample load growth profiles .................................................................................. 57 Figure 2: Example of service corridor and conduit arrangement .......................................... 60 Figure 3: Diagram of tri-generation system ........................................................................... 61 Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page iv Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.
Introduction
1.1.
Background
1.1.1.
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements
The Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements (CIR) are provided as part of a
suite of documents associated with development works by Queensland Health. Works may
include:
• new construction
• redevelopment
• condition based asset replacement
• extension and annexure.
This document forms CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles.
Other documents that form part of the Capital Infrastructure Requirements series include:
• Volume 1—Overview
• Volume 2—Functional design brief
• Volume 3—Architectural and health facility design
• Volume 4—Engineering and infrastructure
Volume 4 outlines the requirements for engineering, with the other volumes addressing
development process and architectural/planning requirements as noted above. The volumes
of the CIR are intended to be independent but complimentary. An individual discipline of
planning, architecture or engineering should not be required to read other volumes, but this is
recommended to understand more completely the overall development process and
requirements.
1.1.2.
CIR Volume 4—Engineering guidelines
The engineering guidelines of the CIR comprise three sections:
• Section 1—principles applicable to Queensland Health development. This section
generally does not specify how compliance is achieved in detail but outlines overarching
requirements which must be adhered to. Section 1 may be read independently of the
following sections.
• Section 2 (this document)—a manual with checklists and procedures required to be
followed during development works. Section 2, Manual, shall be read in conjunction with
Section 1, Principles.
• Section 3—detailed technical specification for key items associated with engineering for
health facility development works by Queensland Health. Section 3 relies on the principles
and methodologies described in Sections 1 and 2 and should not be referenced
independently of these documents.
1.2.
Overarching objectives
For all Queensland Health projects, the purpose of applying the CIR is to provide excellence
in engineering planning and design through the application of engineering best practice to:
• support continuous health delivery
• ensure business continuity
• deliver reliable and maintainable plant and equipment
• deliver efficient, cost effective design
• address whole-of-life design considerations, including location and climate impacts
• support infection control
• be compliant with mandatory and ‘other’ performance guidelines.
Further discussion is provided regarding principles of engineering design in CIR, Volume 4,
Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 1 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2.
Future proofing and flexibility
2.1.
Introduction
In addition to the requirements outlined in CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and
infrastructure principles, the following items should be considered and applied within the
design process.
2.2.
General considerations
General considerations regarding future proofing and flexibility shall include:
• Discuss the use of the building and types of possible future change with the client as early
as possible. Ideally involve those responsible for services in use, such as the facility
management team.
• All team members need to be aware of the requirements for future needs permitting due
allowances in space and structure to be incorporated.
• As a project progresses, the scope for specifying flexible building services reduces, with a
consequent increase in associated cost. Flexible building services design should ideally
be considered during the project definition design phase and further developed during
outline proposals.
• Liaise with the architect and structural designers to check that the building structure does
not restrict future change.
• A shell and core approach can make it easier to adapt areas of the building to individual
needs, such as for different tenants.
• Design on a grid basis, use the planning grid as this can give greater flexibility.
• Check the capability of the incoming utility supplies to satisfy projected future needs at an
early stage.
• Allow adequate distribution space for additional future systems and equipment that may
be required as identified in a future needs strategy, for example check that risers have
sufficient capacity for planned additional services.
• Consider the introduction of soft spots in the building structure to allow provision of future
services risers.
• Consider increased floor-to-floor heights to allow larger ceiling or floor voids if a high
degree of building services flexibility is required. Ducts and drainage pipes require larger
spaces than other services.
• Ensure consideration of holes in the structural frame at an early stage.
• Allow adequate plant space for any future plant that may be required as identified in a
future needs strategy.
• Consider the capacity and location of load bearing areas within the building in relation to
possible future increases in building services plant. In particular check the roof is suitable
for future possible planned additional loads.
• Do not automatically add overcapacity to all plant at initial design stage as a solution to
future flexibility. Design with overcapacity only where it is too expensive or difficult to add
in later, for example public health systems or additional capacity in vertical cabling. If
overcapacity is included ensure that plant can operate efficiently at normal operating
conditions.
• Sizing systems and equipment initially for anticipated future expansion can result in lower
operating efficiencies and increased running costs. Consider the use of modular systems
and the provision of space for future plant items.
• Consider the future needs for provision of below-ground drainage at an early stage, such
as for future kitchen or laboratory provision.
• Consider designing public health systems for anticipated future maximum occupancy as
these can be expensive to add later. Ensure that the design follows latest good practice
guidance on reduction/avoidance of legionellosis.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 2 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • Consider the microbial and other water quality implications of significant changes to the
hydraulic system, including, but not limited to, the creation of dead legs and/or the
creation of pipe lengths that cannot facilitate the required water temperatures and/or
flows. Dead legs should be avoided and adequate temperatures maintained.
• Simple designs often allow more scope for future flexibility than complex over-specified
ones.
• Provide good services distribution infrastructure—ideally use systems that are easy to
reconfigure by non-specialists.
• Avoid over-congested services. Allow sufficient space to alter or add to the services
systems.
• If future additional standby generation is to be considered, assess and make allowance for
the space required, including fuel storage and flues.
2.3.
Installation, operation and control
• Provide good zoned occupancy and time control of terminal unit plant. This aids in future
planning and reuse of spaces.
• Develop control strategies that allow for quick and easy system expansion without the
need for expensive reconfiguration.
• Consider control strategy to provide good capacity control of plant, such as modular plant
and variable speed drives.
• Avoid oversizing control valves and metering stations as this can lead to operational
problems. If additional future capacity is required it may be better to initially use reduced
capacity valves and replace these when the system is expanded.
• Provide sufficient commissioning valves and dampers to allow future connections to be
made.
2.4.
Economics
• Designing in flexibility can save considerable future expense.
• Consider the use of prefabricated, modular services and control systems as these can
facilitate quick and cost effective change.
• Flexible building systems need not be a more expensive solution, for example modular
wiring systems—for lighting and power can cost less than a conduit installation due to
savings in installation cost and time.
• Different design options should be assessed on a whole life costing basis and tested
against the design brief.
3.
Mechanical services
3.1.
Introduction
CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles, contains the key
principles applicable to the design of mechanical services for healthcare facilities. The
following sections expand on the requirements of Section 1, providing further detail,
checklists and details of design deliverables. Adherence to the methods and processes of
Section 2 is considered necessary for achieving the intent and requirements of Section 1.
3.2.
Required outcomes of mechanical services design
The outcomes for mechanical services for healthcare facilities are summarised in Table 1
below.
Table 1: Required outcomes for mechanical services
Component
Performance
Performance
outcomes
criteria
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant
Relevant applicable codes
standards
and standards as outlined
Measurement
mechanism
Written confirmation
in the functional
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 3 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Component
Performance
outcomes
Performance
criteria
in this guideline and the
Building Code of Australia
(BCA).
Queensland Health PDP
and other briefing
documents as provided by
the Queensland Health
representative for the
project.
Measurement
mechanism
design brief or
Project definition
Plan (PDP).
Signoff/endorsement of
the functional design
brief by Queensland
Health.
Queensland
Health brief
Fully compliant
Follows good
engineering
practices
Complies with the
requirements of Volume 4.
Building energy
usage and
greenhouse gas
emissions
Overall
achievement of
building energy
consumption
and greenhouse
gas emissions.
Air conditioning
energy usage
Achieve target
energy
consumption
Within target benchmark
values for the particular
facility size. Target values
to be agreed with
Queensland Health as part
of the functional design
brief and PDP process.
Energy input per square
metre of air conditioned
floor area per annum.
• Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional brief
or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic design
report.
• Completion of
cost plans C1, C2,
D.
• Completion of the
environmental
performance
report (may be
integrated within
the schematic
design report).
Review of final
tender set
documentation.
Occupant comfort
Occupant
satisfaction with
environmental
conditions in
occupied
spaces
Best practices
Design process
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 4 • 90% satisfaction rating
(<10% PPD to ISO
7730).
• Dry bulb temperature and
relative humidity within
the required ranges.
• The temperature at 1.5m
above the floor in a room
shall not vary by more
than 1ºC.
Energy used in
functional areas and
the whole building.
Measured from
tender set
documentation.
Post occupancy
evaluation/Building
performance
evaluation and
commissioning data.
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Component
Performance
outcomes
Ventilation
Adequate
quantities of
outdoor air and
exhaust air.
No intrusive or
unacceptable
noise and
vibration within
or external to
health facilities.
Acoustics
Performance
criteria
• The temperature
difference between
rooms on the same zone
shall vary by not more
than 3ºC.
• The temperature
difference between floor
level and 1.5m above the
floor shall be no more
than 1.5ºC.
• The temperature of the
floor shall be within the
range 19ºC to 26ºC.
• Zoning of air handling
plant shall be provided to
the extent required to
limit the temperature
difference between
rooms served by the
same zone to a
maximum of 3ºC.
• The mean air velocity
shall be less than
specified in Figure D.2 of
ISO 7730.
Minimum rates shall be in
accordance with Australian
Standards (AS) 1668.2 and
design criteria.
Comply with the
requirements of AS 2107
and the acoustic
engineering brief for the
project.
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy and
To provide
• Redundancy in air and
reliability
adequate level
water systems and
of redundancy
distribution infrastructure
and reliability to
to meet the requirements
meet objectives
of the Section 1.
of the facility risk • Division into service
management
modules to enable
plan, such as
maintenance of critical
maintain
functions during
services
maintenance activities
throughout
and as required by the
normal utility
relevant standards and
failure.
the BCA.
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Commissioning,
Confirmation
Compliance with the CIR.
testing and post
that the required
occupancy
performance of
systems has
been met as
constructed.
Measurement
mechanism
Actual quantities
measured from
tender set
documentation.
• Preparation of
acoustic criteria in
the functional
design brief/PDP.
• Preparation of an
acoustic report
during design
development.
No interruption to
critical air
conditioning and
ventilation systems
where required or
nominated by the
project.
• Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check if a building
users guide is
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 5 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Component
Performance
outcomes
Performance
criteria
Maintainability
Design
incorporates
provisions for
appropriate
maintenance of
all maintainable
plant and
equipment.
Lowest system
cost over its
operating life—
considering:
capital cost,
operating cost
and
maintenance
and
replacement
costs.
Prevent the
spread of
microbial
contamination
by the
mechanical
services
systems.
Compliance with
occupational health and
safety legislation.
Whole-of-life
costs
Infection control
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 6 Measurement
mechanism
required.
• Completion of a
project include
design evaluation
by Queensland
Health—provide
relevant
information for
Building
Performance
Evaluation.
• Provision of
information for
project operational
asset system.
Establish
Operations and
Maintenance
(O&M) information
data and enter
into Computerised
Maintenance
Management
System (CMMS).
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
report.
Life cycle costing analysis.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
with CIR.
Systems complying with
relevant codes and
standards.
• Compliance with
AS, Queensland
Health
requirements and
relevant
guidelines.
• Post occupancy
evaluation.
• Review of tender
documentation set
and verified in
installation,
including, but not
limited to indoor
air quality
measurements.
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Component
Ecological
Sustainability
Performance
outcomes
• Reduction in
reliance upon
coal sourced
electrical
energy
sources.
• Reduce
environmenta
l impact of
construction
and operation
of the facility.
Performance
criteria
The design shall target
power sourced from
alternate energy, such as
wind, biodiesel, solar, gas
and photovoltaic.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
• Provision of input to
consideration
client brief on need for
made in
flexibility and client
planning and
requirements for future
design for future
change.
needs.
• Provision of information
for client on the
implication of design
adopted in terms of
performance and costs.
• Provision of an
implementation strategy
to provide client with
contingency plans for
possible future change.
Comply with the
Disaster
To meet
requirements of Section 1.
management
outcomes of
federal, state
and facility
disaster
management
plans.
3.3.
Measurement
mechanism
• Annualised
electrical energy
analysis
identifying onsite
and offsite noncoal sourced
contribution.
• Review of
preliminaries of
contract
documentation set
to ensure
compliance with
site construction
waste
management
requirements.
• Review of tender
document set with
reference to
material selection.
(
• Agreed design
strategy for future
needs. This is to
take the form of
an agreement
statement of
anticipated future
needs
requirements.
• Provide in the
Functional brief or
PDP.
Review of tender
documentation set
against project risk
assessment and
subsequent plan.
Design criteria for health facility areas
Design criteria are nominated in CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure
specifications.
3.4.
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems
Refer also to requirements outlined in CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and
infrastructure principles.
The mechanical system for serving separate departments should be able to be isolated
without interrupting other areas.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 7 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Cooling is recommended to be provided for each area used by patients. Cooling is not
required in any bathroom or toilet area with an exhaust system. Heating is to be provided as
appropriate for the climactic location of the facility. Humidity control is not to be achieved via
sprays in the air handling units without careful consideration that microbial and/or chemical
contamination will not occur. This should be assisted by completion of a risk management
plan.
Ducted air-conditioning systems shall be capable of providing sufficient mechanical
ventilation, even if natural ventilation is available.
Modulating outside air economy cycles may be considered based onsite location and
effective payback of inclusion within the project. Economy cycle shall not be included where
it may be detrimental to pressure regimes or humidity control and the like.
Variable control of air flow either by variable speed motor controls or step controls on smaller
units may be used where deemed beneficial unless constant volume systems are preferable
to serve areas to ensure that pressure regimes are maintained. In such cases, the interaction
of varying pressure regimes between areas should be assessed.
Ventilation systems in critical areas, such as operating rooms, recovery, Coronary Care Unit
(CCU), Intensive Care Unit (IICU), emergency department (ED) and infectious diseases units
shall operate on emergency power.
Provisions for excluding dust and aerosols from plant room areas and air intakes shall be
provided by seals around entry doors and roughing filters behind intake louvers and the like.
Due to costs and simplicity, the preference is for sprinklers to be provided and as such zone
smoke control will not generally be required. This method of fire control allows the option for
de-centralised air conditioning and ventilation plant rooms to be provided. The decentralised
option is often the most economical, however it is important that the health planning is
developed with the optimum location of the plant room in mind, otherwise the economical
benefits of the decentralised option can be lost.
Should sprinklers not be provided, hence requiring a system of zone pressurisation smoke
management, this lends itself to housing the majority of air handling systems in roof top plant
rooms so that the return air ducts also act as smoke exhaust ducts.
Vertical risers and horizontal plant zoning should match the required fire compartments to
minimise requirements for fire rated ductwork, fire mode controls and fire and smoke
dampers.
Mechanical ventilation/air conditioning systems shall be fully ducted or be provided with air
paths that are contained, not subject to contamination, accessible and cleanable. A review of
the building fabric and ceiling details will be undertaken to ensure minimum leakage of air
into or out of the building.
All components, such as temperature sensors and wall grills within an occupied space shall
be suitable for swab down cleaning (Not waterproof).
Rooms containing heat producing equipment, such as boiler or heater rooms or laundries,
shall be insulated and ventilated to prevent the floor surface above and/or the adjacent walls
of occupied areas from exceeding a temperature of six degrees Celsius above ambient room
temperature.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 8 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.5.
Selection of mechanical systems
3.5.1.
Introduction
This section includes selection of mechanical systems for space heating and cooling in
health facilities. The procedure for determining whether cooling or heating of a space is to be
provided is dealt with in previous sections.
Once that decision has been made, this guideline sets out the criteria for deciding how it can
be best achieved.
3.5.2. Air handling systems
3.5.2.1. Requirements
Air handling units shall:
• be factory built units where possible for quality control and future maintenance
• be a minimum 1300 high for maintenance access
• include separate chambers for fans, filters, coils and mixing plenums
• include lights in each accessible chambers.
3.5.2.2. Varying occupancy times
Some areas will nominally operate from 9 am to 5 pm and some will operate 24 hours a day.
Some of the ‘9 am to 5 pm’ areas, such as education, may be in use weekends.
Additional plants shall only be provided if it can be shown that the life cycle cost is lower than
the alternative of operating plant for unoccupied areas out of hours.
3.5.2.3. Possible tenanting of departments (such as pathology, medical
imaging)
Separate plant for tenanted spaces shall only be provided if required under the structure of
the proposed leases.
3.5.2.4. Prevention of cross-contamination
Separate plant shall be provided for:
• operating theatres—a separate air handling unit and return/spill air fan for each theatre
• central sterile supply department (CSSD)
• mortuary
• main kitchen
• where specifically required for isolation purposes. Refer to other sections of this guideline.
Air from ED waiting rooms/triage shall not be recirculated.
System shut down shall be arranged to allow the closing down of whole units (such as
inpatient units) at times of low occupancy.
The air conditioning system shall incorporate only sufficient separation of air handling
systems to meet the needs defined above and zoning for temperature control and smoke
control. Air intakes should be protected from aerosols.
3.5.3.
Zoning
Thermal zoning of air handling plant shall be provided. Spaces subject to different external
thermal loads (i.e. different orientations) shall be different control zones. Additionally spaces
with different occupancy or use characteristics shall be provided with dedicated zone control.
Zoning of all air-conditioning systems shall acknowledge different dynamic loads and
conditions likely to occur due to:
• external glazing and wall materials
• roofs and suspended floors
• hours of operation
• clinical or process functions
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 9 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • internal heat gain from people, lights, equipment.
Thermostats or temperature sensors shall be located in a representative area within the
zone. Temperature sensors shall not be located in direct sunlight or on external walls where
external factors will adversely affect the accuracy of temperature measurements.
Zoning shall meet the tolerances of the internal design conditions for the particular category
of environment selected.
3.5.4.
Maintenance
In selecting air handling system types, consideration shall be given to the cost and ease of
maintaining the systems. This information and costs shall be incorporated in the scheme
design report.
Points to be considered include:
• All plant and components are to be in locations accessible for maintenance and with
sufficient space to remove plant components. Access shall comply with the BCA and
occupational health and safety (OH&S) requirements i.e. access between heating and
cooling coils for cleaning.
• All plant shall be located so that it can be replaced and include a means of removal i.e.
lifting beams.
• Plant and components located over occupied areas shall be such that routine
maintenance does not cause disruption to normal health facility activities. In this respect
plant should not, for example be located in ceilings over patient beds.
• All plant and components shall allow sufficient access for routine maintenance and
cleaning to ensure high indoor air quality.
• System components shall be selected so that spare parts are readily available locally or
within 24 hours.
• Selection of systems shall consider the level of maintenance expertise available onsite
and the level of technical expertise available to the health facility to operate and adjust the
system.
• Preference shall be given to simple systems requiring simple maintenance and
adjustment with extended periods between routine maintenance.
3.5.5.
Selection of systems
The requirements of CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles,
shall be complied with in relation to selection of plant and equipment for all project types. The
following provides guidance on the general suitability of various system types.
It should be noted that there are many smaller projects involving modification and extension
to existing buildings where modification to an existing air handling system, while it may not
be optimum, can produce a more cost effective solution than replacement with a new
system. Should this option be selected the users shall be advised of the disadvantages and
inherent compromises in performance that may result.
3.5.5.1. General
For reasons of maintenance, centralised systems with major air handling plant components
located in dedicated plant rooms/spaces are preferred over systems with distributed
components. This should be reviewed depending upon the site and the functional
requirements—particularly in avoidance of extensive duct lengths which result in increased
fan energy. Systems incorporating 100 per cent fresh air with no recirculation should also be
given consideration during the concept phase. Such systems shall incorporate heat recovery
from relief air. Heat recovery may not be required for systems where only minimum fresh air
ventilation is provided (such as chilled beam systems).
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 10 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.5.5.2. Constant volume systems
These are suitable for all areas of the health facility and are essential for areas where air flow
and temperature control are critical, such as operating theatres, mortuary, cytotoxic and
aseptic rooms. Except in exceptional circumstances, do not employ re-heat methods to
satisfy temperature zoning.
3.5.5.3. Variable air volume (VAV) systems
These are suitable for all areas in the health facility other than the special cases requiring
constant volume systems. Because of the potential for low air flows at low load, variable air
volume (VAV) systems must have a means for setting a low limit on air flow either by control
limit or by use of fan VAV boxes on centre zone. Consider low temperature VAV systems
which have lower energy usage at lower initial capital cost. This is because airflows are
lower, thereby reducing duct sizes and fan pressures.
3.5.5.4. Packaged direct expansion
These include air and water cooled unitary style equipment and air cooled split systems,
including variable refrigerant volume systems. They are normally constant volume, but
subject to the technical limitations of direct expansion plant may also be used with VAV
boxes. Air side performance can be expected to be the same as with other constant volume
and VAV systems although attention is required to address the consequences associated
with step changes in capacity due to compressor switching.
These systems are normally limited to smaller sites, where central chilled water is not
available or feasible.
Of significance is the limited life of packaged direct expansion plant compared with chilled
and/or heating water systems and this needs to be addressed in the life cycle cost analysis.
3.5.5.5. Fan coil unit systems
Fan coil unit systems served by chilled water with hot water or electric heating are an
attractive solution for areas requiring special control or out of hours operation. Such areas
include computer/communications rooms, PABX rooms and administration areas. Fan coil
units may be used for isolation rooms, however appropriate fan controls are needed to
ensure air volumes are maintained via correcting fan speed for loading of filters. While
potentially suitable for patient rooms the high cost of associated pipe work and need for
regular maintenance access make them a solution suitable in special rather than general
applications.
3.5.5.6. Chilled beam
Chilled beam systems incorporating active or passive chilled beams within the ceiling space
are an attractive solution for general application due to the potential for reduced ceiling space
requirement, lack of recirculation air (i.e. full fresh air system), long-term life expectancy and
good thermal zonal control. These systems require a well sealed façade and appropriate
room relative humidity control. They can be more capital cost intensive, however their cost
effectiveness is improving, particularly for larger sites. These systems should be considered
at the concept stage, including full life cycle cost analysis.
3.5.5.7. Displacement ventilation/air conditioning
Systems that deliver supply air at low level and extract heat from high level can be an
attractive solution for general application. These systems provide excellent indoor air quality
and good energy performance, however consideration needs to be given to the location of
the air outlet in relation to the room occupants, to ensure that drafts are not evident and
cooling is delivered to each occupant. In addition higher ceilings (>3m) are generally required
to allow sufficient stratification. Air outlets should be wall mounted and coordination with the
room planner is needed. The use of in-floor diffuser outlets is not recommended in the health
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 11 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition facility context. These systems should be considered at the concept stage, including full life
cycle cost analysis.
3.5.5.8. Warm air furnaces
Gas fired warm air furnaces provide a capital and energy cost effective means for heating
areas where evaporative cooling or no cooling is required. They may be combined with
evaporative cooling.
3.5.5.9. Evaporative cooling
Evaporative cooling may be provided if outside design conditions are suitable. Evaporative
cooling is not suitable in tropical and sub-tropical climates and as such there is limited
application in Queensland.
Evaporative cooling may be used for support areas where relief cooling only is required, such
as kitchens, workshops and some other non-critical areas, where suitable. Observe
standards and codes for design as for air-conditioning. Should evaporative cooling systems
be proposed, give consideration to ongoing maintenance.
Indirect systems are preferable to direct evaporative coolers.
3.5.6.
Humidifiers
Humidifiers are not required to be installed in health buildings unless for medical reasons or
environmental control where particular equipment is installed and required by the
manufacturer. Humidity control is not to be achieved via sprays in the air handling units
without careful consideration that microbial and/or chemical contamination will not occur.
This should be assisted by completion of a risk management plan. Examples include
operating rooms, ICU, CCU, ED and computer rooms. Humidification is likely to be needed
for systems operating with high fresh air rates during winter.
Where installed humidifiers shall provide a bacteria-free injection into the air stream.
3.5.7.
Chiller plant
Central cooling plant chiller sets shall be selected to ensure that in the event of failure of a
compressor, adequate standby capacity is available for selected critical areas. Select chillers
that maintain reliable, energy efficient low-load operation. Chiller plant shall be sized to
provide efficient and stable part load operation.
Chillers shall be selected to meet the minimum energy efficiency ratios as required by the
BCA or legislative requirements.
Required IPLVs are nominated in Section 3.
3.5.8.
Cooling towers and evaporative condensers
Cooling tower and evaporative condenser systems shall be designed and installed in
accordance with Australian Standards, in particular the requirements for water quality control.
Wherever possible consider design strategies to minimise water consumption, including the
adoption of hybrid cooling towers which incorporate both evaporative and dry cooler
components.
Cooling towers and evaporative condensers shall include a side stream filter or cyclonic
separator system to provide solids removals from the circulating water systems.
Make allowance to keep part of the plant operating during the cleaning process.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 12 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Cooling towers shall be constructed of stainless steel to maximise operational life, subject to
whole-of-life cost analysis for alternate material choices.
Condenser water pipe work shall be stainless steel. Spiral wound pipe work shall not be used
for condenser water.
3.6.
Economic life of plant
The effective economic life of plant and equipment shall be used for whole-of-life costing and
evaluation of suitability as per Table 2.
For any exposed equipment (such as external, roof mounted) in marine environments, the
effective life shall be reduced by 25 per cent or the cost of additional treatments or protection
to achieve equivalent life as shown in Table 2 shall be included in any whole-of-life or capital
cost comparisons.
Table 2: Mechanical services—plant economic life1
Equipment item
Air conditioning
Window unit
Residential single or split package
Commercial through-the-wall
Water cooled package
Heat pumps
Residential air-to-air
Commercial air-to-air
Commercial water-to-air
Roof top air conditioners
Single zone
Multi zone
Boilers, hot water (steam)
Steel water-tube
Steel fire tube
Cast iron
Electric
Burners
Furnaces
Gas or oil fired
Unit heaters
Gas or electric
Hot water or steam
Radiant heat
Electric
Hot water or steam
Other heaters
Electrical strip heaters
Oil filled electric radiators
Off-peak electric storage heaters
Radiators (hot water)
Gas convection heater
Air terminals
Diffusers, grilles and registers
Median years
10
15
15
15
15
15
19
15
15
24 (30)
25 (25)
35 (30)
15
21
18
13
20
10
25
10*
18*
22*
22*
18*
27
1
ASHRAE 1991, HVAC Applications Page 33.3 except * those that are from Building Energy Manual, Chapter 17
Appendix 2. Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 13 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Induction and fan-coil units
VAV and double-duct boxes
Ductwork
Dampers
Fans
Centrifugal
Axial
Propeller
Ventilating roof mounted
Coils
DX water or steam
Electric
Heat exchangers
Shell and tube
Reciprocating compressors
Insulation
Moulded
Blanket
Package chillers
Reciprocating
Centrifugal
Absorption
Cooling towers
Galvanised metal
Wood
Plastic
Tanks (depends on material)
Air cooled condensers
Evaporative condensers
Pumps
Base-mounted
Pipe-mounted
Sump and well
Condensate
Reciprocating engines
Steam turbines
Electric motors
Motor starters
Electric transformers
Controls
Pneumatic
Electric
Electronic
Valve actuators
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
Self-contained
Pipe work and valves
3.7.
20
20
30
20
25
20
15
20
20
15
24
20
20
24
20
23
23
20
20
34
15-25*
20
20
20
10
10
15
20
30
18
17
30
20
16
15
15
20
10
20-25*
Functional area requirements
Refer to CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications, for detailed
discussion, requirements and specification for particular functional areas within healthcare
facilities.
3.8.
Cooling and heating load calculation
3.8.1.
Calculations
The guideline is not comprehensive and designers are referred to standard design guides
such as ASHRAE, AIRAH and CIBSE for further design data and methods. Further
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 14 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition discussion of cooling and heating load calculations is contained in the CIR, Volume 4,
Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications.
Cooling load calculations shall be performed by recognised specialist computer software and
trained engineering staff. The software shall be a commercial package that has been
validated by a recognised benchmarking tests, such as BESTEST. The package shall have
good technical support.
Recognised software packages include:
• Camel—provided by ACADS BSG
• Trace 700—provided by Trane
• Apache—provided by IES Limited
• Hevacomp—provided by Bentley
• Ecotect—provided by Autodesk
• Energy Plus—provided by US Department of Energy
• E20-II HAP—from carrier.
3.8.2.
Outdoor design conditions
Outside design conditions shall be based on the most accurate climatic data available for the
location of the proposed project.
3.8.3.
Inclusions in calculations
The calculation of cooling and heating loads shall include consideration of:
• solar gain
• equipment and lighting heat gains
• outdoor air requirements—sensible and latent
• occupancy including types of activity within a space
• system gains and losses (such as fan heat rejection, exposed ductwork)
• safety margins.
3.9.
Building management and control systems
3.9.1.
Requirements
In general, Queensland Health facilities will use a building management and control system
(BMCS) to manage the operation of plant and equipment with the facility. The BMCS will
control mechanical plant and monitor the status and key outputs of other services, such as:
• nurse call
• lifts
• water meters
• power meters and electrical systems
• lighting control systems
• SCADA—monitoring interface only permitted.
Systems should be selected for high level interface compatibility. Where this is not possible,
low level interface between systems may be considered to achieve a degree of system
integration. This should always be considered a last choice.
The BMCS should be an open protocol system, such as BACnet. Proprietary control
protocols restrict future flexibility within a facility and for subsequent maintenance
agreements.
Selection of a BMCS shall be appropriate to the size, nature and location of the project.
Where economically possible, it is preferable to extend on an existing BMCS on small to
medium sized projects than to duplicate systems.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 15 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition A single site-wide BMCS shall be provided for facilities. Multiple systems introduce significant
operational and management risk and should be avoided except as an interim/staging
requirements during migration or up-scaling of a site.
3.9.2.
Planning considerations
BMCS planning shall consider the following issues:
• whether legacy systems are to be retained and integrated or de-commissioned and
removed
• any particular monitoring for energy management, NABERS or management reports that
should be provided
• budget allocation, including capital and operating expenditure
• program with respect to the particular project
• particular issues that need to be addressed as part of the system design
• peculiarities in a particular facility (such as special operational routines for plant or
equipment)
• any special needs of the facility operator that are not provided in the standard minimum
requirements brief
• preparation of early cost plan to verify planning brief budget
• requirements for offsite monitoring
• security provisions and access
• head end location program timeframe and constraints.
3.9.3.
Key requirements
The following functions shall be provided by the BMCS, as suitable for the site:
• plant control (such as temperature, humidity, pressure)
• optimum and scheduled start and stop of plant
• electrical load shedding
• outside air economy cycle control, where appropriate
• alarm annunciation
• data gathering and logging.
Given the high cost of providing BMCS, the limited life of electronics technology and the
larger volumes of information generated, the objective in installing a system is to include only
those monitor and control points and functions that can be demonstrated to give cost
effective control.
3.9.3.1. Energy management
Typical functions would include:
• energy metering from supplier, including (as appropriate) KWH and KVA
• chiller and boiler kW output
• power to major submains (the cut off between ‘major’ and ‘minor’ needs to be viewed by
weighing the cost of monitoring against the benefits of allocating costs to departments and
some other basis, such as floor areas)
• data logging of plant run hours
• electrical load shedding
• emergency power mode operation.
3.9.3.2. Control
• Start and stop plant.
• Optimise plant operation to reduce energy consumption.
• Switch off lights and plant for areas not in use—use of BMCS for this function is to be
justified by economic comparison with alternatives.
• Chiller and boiler optimisation.
• Temperature control (subject to need to have this centrally controlled).
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 16 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.9.3.3. Alarm functions
• Fault alarms from critical items. Normally a common alarm for each item of plant will
suffice.
• Alarms from items of non-mechanical equipment, such as blood refrigerators, body
holding, kitchen cool rooms, medical gas plant, lifts and diesel generators—where fault
condition could be life threatening or lead to major financial loss.
• Fire alarm indication with ability to allocate priorities.
3.9.3.4. Maintenance functions
•
•
•
•
•
Hours run log of plant items.
Scheduled maintenance.
Operating hours logging.
Performance logging (such as temperature profiles).
Fault/alarm logging and analysis.
3.9.4.
Operator training
Where a system is to be installed, it must be capable of being operated, adjusted and
maintained.
Any system installed shall be capable of being understood and operated by health facility
staff. They may be backed up by contractors, but if the system is too complex for the health
facility staff, experience has shown that it will rapidly fall into disuse for all but the most basic
functions.
The system must, as well as being suitable for the staff that will use and maintain it, be
provided with technical back-up in the form of comprehensive, useable documentation and a
formal training structure for initial and subsequent users.
3.9.5.
Maintenance
Consideration should be given on large or complex BMCS to incorporating a long-term
maintenance agreement into the installation contract. This arrangement has been common
practice with lift contracts for many years and offers a commercial advantage to the
purchaser if the maintenance costs are established at tender time. With the present state of
BMCS technology it is probable that only the original supplier will be in a position to maintain
the system. This makes the possibility of obtaining competitive tenders for maintenance
unlikely after the initial installation contract is let.
Such a long-term contract needs to be carefully prepared. In addition to setting out
requirements for maintenance of hardware, software upgrades and the like, it must also
cover issues, such as the training of new operators over the years, modification of software
and extension of the system.
3.10. Fire alarm and mechanical services systems
3.10.1. General
Mechanical services shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of the BCA,
Australian Standards and the requirements of the building certifier and QFRS.
3.10.2. Smoke hazard management systems
Smoke hazard management systems shall be provided as required for the building size,
height, type and classification.
Systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with Australian Standard 1668.1 and
other relevant standards.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 17 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.11. Pneumatic transport systems
The requirements for pneumatic transport systems shall be in accordance with the
Queensland Health Services Support Agency guidelines.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 18 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.
Electrical services
4.1.
Introduction
CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles, contain the key
principles applicable to the design of electrical services for health facilities. The following
sections expand on the requirements of Section 1, providing further detail, checklists and
details of design deliverables. Adherence to the methods and processes of CIR, Volume 4,
Section 2: Engineering and infrastructure manual is considered necessary for achieving the
intent and requirements of CIR, Volume 4, Section 1.
4.2.
Required outcomes of electrical services design
Achieve the above objectives through the use of energy efficient building and services
design, low whole-of-life costs while meeting OH&S requirements and achieving occupant
satisfaction with the internal environment. Overall outcome requirements can be summarised
as follows:
Table 3: Required outcomes for electrical services
Components
Performance
Performance
outcomes
criteria
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant.
Relevant applicable
standards
codes and standards as
outlined in this
Guideline and the BCA.
Queensland
Fully compliant.
PDP and other briefing
Health brief
documents as provided
for the project.
Best practices
Design process
Follows good
engineering
practices.
Complies with the CIR.
General power
and lighting
energy usage
Minimise energy
consumption.
Comply with the energy
targets and benchmarks
Lighting
efficiency
• Maximise the
lumens output
per watt of
energy used in
• General lamps >50
lumens/watt.
• Luminaire Light
Output Ratio>70%.
Measurement
mechanism
Written confirmation
in the functional
design brief or PDP.
Signoff/endorsement of
the functional
design brief by
Queensland Health.
• Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional
brief or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic
design report.
• Completion of
cost plans C1,
C2, D.
Energy used (either
by calculation or
measurement) in
functional areas and
the whole building.
Review of lighting
design, including
luminaire and lamp
selections as shown
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 19 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Acoustics
lamp selection.
• Maximise
luminaire
efficiency.
• Minimise
luminaire
energy
consumption.
No intrusive or
unacceptable
noise and
vibration within or
external to health
facilities.
• Light power densities
should comply with
the requirements of
the CIR.
• Excludes clinical
lamps where patient
treatment is required.
on tender
documentation set
and verified in
installation.
Comply with the CIR.
• Preparation of
acoustic criteria
in the functional
design
brief/PDP.
• Preparation of
an acoustic
report during
design
development
which addresses
all items outlined
in the CIR
regarding
acoustics.
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy
To provide
• Redundancy in
and reliability
adequate level of
power supplies
redundancy and
arrangements and
reliability to meet
distribution
objectives of the
infrastructure to meet
facility risk
the requirements of
management plan
the CIR Vol 4.1.
such as maintain
• Division into service
services
modules to enable
throughout normal
maintenance of
utility failure.
critical functions
during maintenance
activities and as
required by the
relevant standards
and the BCA.
Power
Spare capacity for • Spare capacity
distribution
future load
provision in mains
flexibility
changes
and switchboards.
• Consumers mains:
matched to maximum
capacity of
transformers.
• Submains light and
power: to supply
circuit breaker sizing.
• Switchboards: 30%
spare poles
• Mechanical plant
room S/Bs: + 25% of
maximum demand
and not more than
130 kVA.
Communications Spare capacity for • Structural cabling:
system flexibility future change.
Copper 50%
Optical fibre 50%
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 20 No interruption to
essential circuits
(vital or delayed
vital), in accordance
with the
requirements of the
CIR Vol 4 Section 1.
Confirmation of
spare capacity on
infrastructure as
determined by
review of tender
documentation set
or as-installed
documentation.
Confirmation of
spare capacity on
infrastructure as
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • Communications
Cupboards and hub
equip: 50%.
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Lamp life/
Maximise lamp life Lamp life:
maintenance
and minimise
Linear fluorescent tubes
luminaire
>15,000 hrs
maintenance
PLC Lamps >5000 hrs.
costs.
Commissioning,
testing and post
occupancy
Maintainability
Whole-of-life
costs
Maintain lighting
levels and colour
rendering in
functional areas to
agreed levels.
Confirmation that
the required
performance of
systems has been
met as
constructed.
In accordance with
AS/NZS 1680 and other
directives.
Design
incorporates
provisions for
appropriate
maintenance of all
maintainable plant
and equipment.
Lowest system
cost over its
operating life
considering:
capital cost;
operating cost;
and maintenance
Compliance with
occupational health and
safety legislation and
CIR.
Compliance with the
CIR.
Life cycle costing
analysis.
determined by
review of tender
documentation set
or as-installed
documentation.
Review of lighting
design lamp
selections as shown
on tender
documentation set
and verified in
installation.
Actual quantities
measured against
AS/NZS 1680
requirements as
installed.
• Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check with
Queensland
Health if a
building users
guide is
required.
• Completion of a
POE by
Queensland
Health—provide
relevant
information for
POE to
Queensland
Health.
• Provision of
information for
project
operational
asset system.
Establish O&M
information data
and enter into
Queensland
Health CMMS.
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
report.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
with the CIR.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 21 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Infection control
and replacement
costs.
• Prevent
intrusion of
dust in
operating
theatres and
other defined
clinical areas
through lighting
fittings.
• Minimise dust
collecting
surfaces in
general.
Luminaires in operating
theatres and critical
areas to be sealed, or
have a physical barrier
that prevents dust
migration. Flat surfaces
shall be avoided as to
not promote dust to
settle and require extra
cleaning maintenance.
The design shall target
that 20% of the facility’s
power shall be sourced
from alternative energy
sources including wind,
biodiesel, gas, solar,
photovoltaic.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
Provision of input to
consideration has
client brief on need for
flexibility and client
made in planning
requirements for future
and design for
change.
future needs.
Provision of information
for client on the
implication of design
adopted in terms of
performance and costs.
Provision of an
implementation strategy
to provide client with
contingency plans for
possible future change.
Disaster
To meet outcomes Comply with the
management
of federal, state
requirements of CIR,
and health facility
Volume 4, Section 1.
disaster
management
plans.
Sustainability
4.3.
Reduction in
reliance upon coal
sourced electrical
energy sources.
• Review of
lighting design
luminaire
selections as
shown on tender
documentation
set and verified
in installation.
• Review tender
documentation
set against
criteria as
described in the
CIR.
Annualised
electrical energy
analysis identifying
onsite and offsite
non coal sourced
contribution.
Agreed design
strategy for future
needs. This is to
take the form of an
agreement
statement of
anticipated future
needs
requirements.
Provide in the
functional brief or
PDP.
Review of tender
documentation set
against criteria as
described in the
CIR and project
design reports.
Main electrical supply requirement
Refer CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles.
4.4.
Electrical supply demand
The assessment of electricity supply demand for the purpose of determining the capacity of
the substation or supply service shall be carried out in accordance with the following
procedures:
• Calculate maximum demand of the various load groups of the new electrical installation in
accordance with Australian Standards or other relevant demand assessment basis.
Consider the specific connected load and mode of operation for the facility.
• Forward the calculated maximum demand together with the following information to the
supply authority for a joint assessment of the demand requirement.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 22 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • When initially communicating with the supply authority, known and established VA/m2
figures instead of Australian Standards calculations should be used as the number of
socket outlets and three phase outlets (which are generally regarded as largely irrelevant
to the maximum demand calculation) are not usually known when discussing with the
supply authority.
• The designer shall also consider the supply demand of the existing electricity installation
(if any) proposed to be de-commissioned as part of the refurbishment project. Use
demand data (such as from utility pulse metering, BMCS records) where possible.
• The number of socket outlets and three-phase outlets allowed for in the calculations and
their likely usage rate (loading diversity factor). Depending on the resolution of the design
an allowance based on W/sqm in conjunction with other load information that may be
available for specific equipment may be used.
• The number of standby equipment/motors and their loading requirements.
Note: Supply demands of these standby motors are to be excluded from the demand
calculations. Details of loadings are to be given to the supply authority for their information
only.
• The number of lifts and their individual supply demand.
• Actual supply demands of similar installations and their locality for fine-tuning of the
demand assessment by cross-referencing.
• Consideration shall be given to the appropriate allowance for the space/capacity (either in
equipment or accommodation space) for additional requirements of known future
budgeted new equipment or budgeted new building development being planned for
implementation in the near-term.
• Consideration shall be given to the use of alternate energy sources and potential for
reduction of grid electricity demand.
Refer also to CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications.
4.5.
Standby power
Refer also to CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications.
4.5.1.
General
The provision of standby power supply for the following services is mandatory where
required by Australian Standards:
• emergency lift service (as required by the BCA)
• fire control equipment (including fire alarm, detection, warning and intercommunication
systems)
• evacuation equipment (including emergency and exit lighting)
• smoke control equipment.
Provision of battery supply as emergency supply may be deemed to satisfy upon review with
Queensland Health.
The need for standby supply for other essential services and critical care areas and the
extent of its reticulation shall be evaluated for the health facility taking into account the
following factors:
• the procedures which are regularly undertaken and involve patients that are susceptible to
interruption of the electrical supply
• the frequency at which such procedures are undertaken
• the frequency at which areas are used for their designated function
• the availability of battery-operated or gas-operated equipment (including lighting) to
continue critical procedures or to resuscitate a patient.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 23 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Most health facilities will require a standby power supply regardless of the nature of the
normal electricity supply.
Once the need for a standby supply is established for the health facility, the preferred supply
source is a standby generating plant comprising one or more diesel-fuelled, engine-driven
generator(s) with automatic start and changeover.
4.5.2.
System capacity
The capacity of the standby generating plant shall be sized to match the diversified demand
of the connected loads.
The generating plant selection must meet the following criteria:
• rated for continuous duty
• load not to exceed 80 per cent of the set’s prime/continuous rated capacity
• able to meet the lighting and general power load on start up without stalling
• incorporate delay start up (load sequencing) to diversify the induction motor start up
currents over time in lieu of a peak current condition, or incorporate reduced voltage
starting where possible, to allow the set to reach satisfactory operating conditions without
stalling. A single step generator will always result in the largest generator set selection
• appropriate sizing techniques to allow for non linear load (as a distorted load waveform
will increase heating effects in the alternator windings)
• the generating plant may exceed the minimum capacity as assessed to meet the above
criteria, in the following circumstances:
− in upgrading a facility to incorporate a new generator, the cost to modify a main
switchboard to split the load between normal and standby load exceeds the cost of
providing 100 per cent standby capacity, then the higher capacity plant should be
incorporated
− studies have been undertaken to compare the advantages and disadvantages between
dual power supplies and a higher capacity emergency supply plant and the results
indicate that choosing to increase generator capacity is more advantageous
− the normal electricity supply is known to have reliability problems and a decision has
been made to increase the capacity of the standby generator plant to improve the
health facility power supply, then higher capacity and redundant plant should be
incorporated.
4.5.3.
Plant configuration
When the assessed generating plant capacity approaches or exceeds 750 kVA, the
configuration of the generating plant will depend on the load diversity, so that a large
generating plant is not required to provide supply to small health facility loads.
Plant configuration shall be assessed on capital and recurrent cost considerations as well as
diversity of range of output. Generally, one generating set is preferred.
Where load diversity, set size or other justifiable considerations determine the need for
multiple generating sets, the sets shall operate in synchronous mode.
Sets shall be of equal size, but mixed sizes are permissible, if existing plant is reused or load
diversity justifies such a configuration.
4.5.4.
System control regime
The operation of the standby generator(s) shall be automatic upon mains supply failure.
Consideration must be given to the sequential connection loads to the standby supply
system to avoid stalling of the generator engines.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 24 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.5.5.
Load testing of generators
The power distribution system shall be designed to permit testing of the generators on load
without the need for dummy loads (heat banks).
The preferred method of load testing generators, subject to approval of the supply authority,
is to use the emergency/essential health facility load as the test load and to connect and
disconnect the load by synchronising the generator(s) with the normal electricity supply.
The supply distribution system shall be arranged to permit the operating of mechanical
services equipment on standby generator supply without disturbing the lighting and general
purpose power circuits of the building.
The operation of the mechanical services (ventilation only) equipment may not provide
adequate load. A load mix of mechanical, general light and power may be required to form
the ‘live load’ to test the generator.
The standby generation plant should be regularly tested to a scheduled testing program that
checks the system for maintenance or fault problems such that the system is in readiness for
use in the event of an electricity supply failure.
At regular intervals, not exceeding an annual event, the electricity supply to the health facility
should be turned off and the standby generation plant tested under an actual supply failure
condition to verify its readiness to satisfactorily work.
Where such events are considered unsatisfactory due to risks to patients, then standby
generation plant should be designed for synchronous operation with the mains power supply.
A complete failure test, simulating failure of the electricity supply at the point of connection,
must be performed at commissioning. Such a test should involve all building services
emergency systems.
4.5.6.
Fuel storage
The quantity of fuel storage shall be evaluated by site risk assessment and the generator
operational requirements, as determined in consultation with the site engineering staff and
the requirements for disaster management/operations.
4.5.7.
Uninterruptible power supply
Circuits classified by the Australian Standards as requiring instantaneous restoration or
continuity of supply shall be provided with uninterruptible power supply (UPS) standby power
source. Preference shall be given to the provision of a central UPS system, over multiple
smaller units. A risk assessment shall be carried out to evaluate the requirements for UPS.
These requirements shall be scheduled and agreed with the facility staff as part of design.
The requirements for UPS for information and communications technology (ICT) systems
shall be in accordance with the relevant Queensland Health ICT standards.
Minimum requirements for clinical UPS are:
• N+1 UPS redundancy
• minimum of 30 minutes battery autonomy (at the end of the 10 year battery life)
• connection to the health facility standby power system
• monitoring by the BMCS.
4.6.
Submains
4.6.1.
General
The method of determining the maximum demand and therefore the capacity of submains is
prescribed in Australian Standards. The prescribed calculation method accounts for all items
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 25 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition of electrical equipment connected to the submain circuits together with the appropriate
diversity factors for different types of loads.
This method of assessment is generally used by designers and normally yields a costeffective result. Alternative maximum demand methods based on health facility design
experience is also acceptable.
Maximum demand in a submain can also be determined by assessment or by limitation.
However these methods are not practical and not normally applicable to the electrical
services loadings in health facility buildings.
Notwithstanding, the opportunity for over-design and therefore ineffective provisions lies in
the following areas:
• type of conductors for different types of electrical services
• assessment of spare capacity for future requirements.
Refer also to CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications.
4.6.2.
Types of submains
The types of submains for distribution of electricity supply from the main switchboard to light
and power distribution boards and building services switchboards in various parts of a health
facility building can broadly be categorised into the following groups:
• Group A—Emergency services (Australian Standard defined)
• Group B—Critical care services (Queensland Health defined)
• Group C—General services (remainder).
4.6.2.1. Group A—Emergency services
Examples of emergency services include:
• fire hydrant booster pumps, automatic fire sprinkler pumps, fire detection and alarm
system, air handling equipment for control of spread of fire and smoke
• emergency warning and intercom system (inter-fire zone cabling)
• centralised battery supply system for emergency evacuation lighting
• lifts.
Submains and associated support systems for the above Australian Standard defined
emergency equipment shall have fire and mechanical protection ratings as specified in the
respective Australian standard having jurisdiction over the system or installation.
Cable support systems for emergency services shall comply with the seismic constraint
requirements.
4.6.2.2. Group B—Critical care services
Standby lighting and power systems in accordance with standards shall be provided in
critical care areas.
Submains for lighting and general purpose power outlets in critical care areas require special
consideration to ensure continuous availability of power supply.
As defined by Queensland Health, critical care areas are those areas where acute
resuscitation procedures occur on a regular basis. These areas include:
• resuscitation bays in the emergency department
• treatment bays in the emergency department in level five and six facilities
• operating rooms, anaesthetic bays and recovery area
• day procedures rooms
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 26 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition •
•
•
•
•
•
CCU
ICU
neonatal intensive care unit
cardiac catheterisation rooms
selected areas of medical imaging unit
acute mental health inpatient units including paediatric intensive care unit (PICU), mental
health high dependency units (HDU) and observation units.
• computer (IT Servers) systems, subject to further or alternate requirements identified by
Queensland Health Services Information Agency (HSIA).
Light and general purpose power outlets in critical care areas shall have dedicated submains
originating from the main switchboard, feeding dedicated distribution boards. The
switchboard(s) and submains shall be configured to ensure continuous availability of
electrical supply.
Two dedicated submains shall be provided for each critical care area—these shall be
reticulated via diverse physical pathways where possible. At least one of the circuits shall be
connected to the standby generator supply where installed. Via manual or automatic
switching, it shall be possible to re-establish the supply to all distribution boards in a
particular area if one submain supply fails.
Critical care submains cables are not required to be fire rated. Protection against mechanical
damage shall be provided.
Standby power shall be connected to all critical patient equipment involved in invasive
subcutaneous procedures. This will allow clinical personnel time to complete or finalise an
invasive procedure without risk to the patient.
Standby power shall also be provided to all subsidiary mechanical, hydraulic, medical gas
and security systems (which are dependent on an electrical power source to operate) and
are essential in delivering the services to the critical care areas.
4.6.2.3. Group C—General services
The remaining submains for services and equipment not listed in Group A and B comprise
the following:
• general light and power throughout the buildings
• mechanical services systems
• medical imaging system
• hydraulic services system.
Light and power submains for non-critical care areas may either be dedicated or shared
circuits via suitably protected tee-offs.
Light and power submains to be provided with standby generator supply shall be separate
from the normal supply submains. They may be either dedicated or shared circuits.
Submains for small mechanical and hydraulic services plants may either be dedicated or
shared circuits via suitably fused tee-offs. Submains for major mechanical plants should be
dedicated.
Submains for computer server systems and medical imaging systems shall be dedicated.
They may be used for lighting and general purpose power sub circuits in the same
department.
All of the above submains need not have fire and mechanical protection ratings. The least
cost cable type is to be selected.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 27 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.6.3.
Assessment of submain capacities
The maximum capacity of all sub mains shall be assessed in accordance with the Australian
Standards, including any necessary de-rating for installation specific requirements.
Submains for mechanical service, fire services and lifts shall be sized to match the rated
duties of the equipment.
Submains for lighting and general purpose power circuits shall be assessed by calculation
method using the permitted diversity factors in accordance with the standards.
4.6.4.
Submain and cable reticulation
Submain cables shall be continuously supported via cable ladder, cable tray or in cable
ducts. Cables shall not be self-supporting.
Sub-circuiting from distribution boards shall be supported by cable tray or catenary wire (in
accordance with standards).
Cables shall generally run vertically within walls to minimise potential for future maintenance
or modification issues associated with cables being located in walls away from visible power
outlets.
4.7.
Patient electrical protection systems (body and cardiac
patient areas)
Body and cardiac protection shall be provided in accordance with the Australian Standard
and as identified during design.
All patient-occupied areas are to be provided with a minimum body protected wiring system.
The patient areas include areas where the patient may be located for treatment, diagnosis or
accommodation, including inpatient units, patient bathrooms and patient holding areas.
A patient is considered as undergoing a cardiac-type procedure when an electrical conductor
is placed within the heart or is likely to come into contact with the heart and such conductor is
accessible outside the patient’s body. In this context an electrical conductor includes
electrical wires, such as cardiac pacing electrodes, intracardiac ECG electrodes, intracardiac
catheters or insulated tubes filled with conducting fluids. Minimum requirements for cardiac
protection are nominated in
Table 4.
Table 4: Minimum areas requiring cardiac protection
Department
Location
All
departments
Emergency
Critical care areas as defined in 2.10 00. Only where cardiac
procedures are to be undertaken.
Resuscitation bays and critical care areas. Only where cardiac
procedures are to be undertaken.
Vascular angiography /cardiology angiography /screening rooms
where cardiac invasive procedures are to be performed.
Beds—only when cardiac invasive procedures are carried out.
Operating rooms, anaesthetic bays and recovery bays only
where cardiac procedures are to be performed.
Imaging
ICU/CCU
Operating
suite
4.8.
Switchboards
For light and power submains, at least one distribution board should ideally be provided for
each fire compartment to minimise the number of small penetrations through fire walls.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 28 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Distribution boards shall be fitted with circuit breakers and RCDs where required for all final
subcircuits to be fed from them. In addition to the present circuit requirement, distribution
boards shall be sized to allow space for connection of 25 per cent additional future circuits.
4.8.1.
Energy metering
Digital multifunction meters shall be incorporated at various strategic locations of the
electrical network and connected to the BMCS and/or energy management system.
Subsidiary electrical metering of various areas of the installation can assist in the auditing of
energy use and also in the troubleshooting for circuit abnormalities.
As a minimum, multifunction meters shall be provided to monitor all submains servicing
distribution boards, mechanical services switchboards and all other major control cabinets
and as required to meet the requirements of environmental monitoring, management and
assessment/verification system (such as Green Star).
4.8.2.
Building automation
Switchboards supplying emergency, critical and UPS loads shall be provided with switchgear
that is monitored at the BMCS. The BMCS shall be able to monitor open, closed and trip
status.
4.9.
Provision of power points
Provision of socket outlets should be in accordance with the room data sheets based on
standardised room configurations. The end users must be required to justify each additional
socket outlet with a corresponding item of equipment. This check should be carried out for
each room.
Outlets for non-clinical purposes (such as cleaner’s outlets) shall be nominated by the
designers in accordance with the requirements of Australian Standards.
4.10. Integrated testing
The testing of all plant both for new and existing healthcare facilities is of critical importance
to verify the correct operation during normal and abnormal conditions, such as a loss of utility
supply or a fire situation.
Each individual health facility electrical services system should be tested and commissioned
independently prior to integration with other building control and monitoring systems.
The testing and commissioning shall comply with the requirements of AS/NZS 3017:2007.
Refer also to Volume 3 for a detailed testing schedule.
4.11. Main switchboards
The detailed requirements for main switch boards are identified in Volume 3.
4.12. Lightning protection
Generally any new health facility building should be provided with a lightning protection
system. The system shall be provided in accordance with Australian Standard and a facility
risk assessment.
Refer to Volume 3 for further discussion.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 29 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.13. Energy efficiency measures
4.13.1. General
Energy efficiency measures shall be incorporated into the design as good practice. They may
be necessary to achieve particular energy targets or ratings. A life cycle cost analysis should
be undertaken for large capital cost options and as a minimum for:
• power factor correction at the main switchboard (minimum correction will be required by
the supply authority)
• luminaires with low loss ballasts and electronic control gear
• use of high efficiency light sources where possible (T5 fluorescent, compact fluorescent,
LED)
• lighting zoning and lighting control systems
• daylight harvesting encompassing photo electric sensors and dimming
• variable speed drives and high efficiency motors
• cogeneration or tri-generation.
Energy efficiency measures shall not compromise patient/occupant health care, nor the
provision and/or quality of engineering services.
4.14. Economic life
The effective economic life of plant and equipment shall be utilised for whole-of-life costing
and evaluation of suitability as per
Table 5.
Electrical equipment should not be exposed. As such, the effective life in marine and nonmarine environments should be equivalent. Protection measures to prevent the ingress of
salt, humidity and adverse conditions should be provided and appropriately costed. The cost
of additional treatments or protection to achieve equivalent life to that shown in
Table 5 shall be included in any whole-of-life or capital cost comparisons.
Table 5: Electrical services plant economic life
Component
Main cables
Switchgear and distribution equipment
Final circuits and outlets
Lighting installations
Electric motors
Generators
Prime movers, diesel (continuously rated)
Prime movers, steam (continuously rated)
Standby prime movers, diesel
Clock systems
Call systems
Fire alarm systems
Telephone systems
Batteries (lead acid)
Batteries (nickel alkaline)
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 30 Economic life
(Years)
25–30
25–30
20–25
20–25
20–25
25–30
15–20
25–30
20–25
20–25
20–25
20–25
3–5
10–15
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 5.
IT and communications
Refer CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles, for further
discussion.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 31 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 6.
Security systems
6.1.
Introduction
The purpose of security is to provide a secure environment to ensure:
• safety for all staff, patients and public
• to ensure that the ongoing operation of the facility and equipment is not compromised by
theft or damage.
6.2.
Required outcomes of security design
Table 6: Outcome statement
Components
Performance
outcomes
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant
standards
Performance criteria
Measurement
mechanism
Relevant applicable
codes and standards as
outlined in this guideline
and the BCA.
Queensland Health PDP
and other briefing
documents as provided
by the Queensland
Health representative for
the project.
Written confirmation
in the functional
design brief or PDP.
Follows good
engineering
practices.
Complies with the
requirements of the CIR.
CPTED
Design based
on CPTED
principles.
Security system
design
Design by
accredited
security
specialist.
Design provides a safe
and secure working
environment for
Queensland Health staff
and for the public.
Accreditation of security
designer by the
Queensland Police
Service.
• Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional
brief or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic design
report.
Review of design
against project risk
assessment,
CPTED principles
for compliance.
Accreditation
number to be quoted
in schematic design
report and on tender
documentation.
Queensland
Health brief
Best practices
Design process
Fully compliant
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy and
To provide
•
reliability
adequate level
of redundancy
and reliability
to meet
•
objectives of
the facility risk
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 32 Redundancy in
security systems to
accommodate single
element failure.
Ability of security
system to function
safely during power
Signoff/endorsement of
the functional design
brief by Queensland
Health.
No interruption to
essential circuits
(vital or delayed
vital),
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition management
loss.
plan, such as
maintain
services
throughout
normal utility
failure.
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Compliance with the
Commissioning,
Confirmation
CIR.
testing and post
that the
required
occupancy
performance of
systems has
been met as
constructed.
Maintainability
Design
Compliance with
incorporates
occupational health and
provisions for
safety legislation.
appropriate
maintenance
of all
maintainable
plant and
equipment.
Whole-of-life costs Lowest system Life cycle costing
analysis.
cost over it’s
operating life
considering:
capital cost;
operating cost;
and
maintenance
and
replacement
costs.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
• Provision of input to
consideration
client brief on need for
has made in
flexibility and client
planning and
requirements for
design for
future change.
future needs.
• Provision of
• Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check with
Queensland
Health if a
building users
guide is required.
• Completion of a
POE by
Queensland
Health—provide
relevant
information for
POE to
Queensland
Health.
• Provision of
information for
project
operational asset
system. Establish
O&M information
data and enter
into CMMS.
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
report.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
with the CIR.
Agreed design
strategy for future
needs. This is to
take the form of an
agreement
statement of
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 33 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Disaster
management
Risk management
6.3.
To meet
outcomes of
federal, state
and health
facility disaster
management
plans.
Adequate
consideration
of risk
mitigation in
the planning
and design of
services.
information for client
on the implication of
design adopted in
terms of performance
and costs.
• Provision of an
implementation
strategy to provide
client with
contingency plans for
possible future
change.
Comply with the
requirements of the CIR.
anticipated future
needs requirements.
Provide in the
functional brief or
PDP.
Comply with the
requirements of the CIR
and incorporate the
principles of risk
management and safety
in design to all projects
to minimise and mitigate
risk.
Provision of a risk
register for all
projects. Provide in
the functional design
brief and maintain
for the life of the
project up to
completion of
defects liability
period.
Review of tender
documentation set
against criteria as
described in the
CIR.
Risk management
Refer CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles.
6.4.
Application of CPTED design principles
Refer CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles.
6.5.
Internal security risks
6.5.1.
Stores and loading docks
Goods delivery, loading and unloading areas should be well lit, protected from the weather.
Stores area and loading docks should be located as far as practical away from public areas
and car parks. Restrict entry/exit to the store to only one door that can be visually monitored
from the supply officer’s office. Fire exit doors should only be able to be opened from the
inside and the area should be alarmed.
Ensure stock is held in secured areas that are not easily accessible to patients and
unauthorised staff. Where possible, inpatient unit stores should be locked and accessible
only to the nurse or unit manager or their delegate. Consider using closed circuit televisions
(CCTV) cameras and access controlled doors in these areas.
6.5.2.
Emergency department
Emergency departments are a high security risk area in health facilities, mainly due to the
fact that they are the first department where patients present for treatment and where some
patients and visitors become agitated and aggressive. Duress alarms must be provided—
fixed alarms for counter staff and mobile duress alarms for staff who do not work in a fixed
location. Emergency waiting areas should be fully visible to the staff station.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 34 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition CCTV camera surveillance should be provided in:
• waiting areas
• main entrance
• ambulance entrance
• camera surveillance is also recommended to be considered for any rooms used for mental
health assessments or for behaviourally disturbed patients
• emergency departments should be designed to allow secure separation of treatment
areas from public areas. Security barriers may include glass fronted counters for reception
staff and access controlled doors
• nurse call buttons must be provided in public toilets serving emergency departments.
6.5.3.
Pharmacy security
Security control measures and processes taken to prevent any unauthorised entry to the
pharmacies and unauthorised access to pharmaceuticals should be designed in accordance
with ‘defence in depth principles’.
While the following security measures are designed primarily for pharmacies, their
application is equally relevant to any area where pharmaceuticals and particularly drugs and
other controlled substances are held (such as satellite pharmacies, drug trolleys, inpatient
unit areas).
The following security control measures should be considered when designing or
refurbishing areas used by pharmacies:
• construct walls, floor and ceilings of the pharmacy, out of solid or reinforced materials
• extend walls, where practicable to the underside of the floor slab above to prevent any
intrusion over the wall or through the ceiling space
• reinforce all windows on the perimeter walls to prevent entry; existing windows may be
reinforced with shatter resistant film or by replacing the glass with laminated glass or the
use of security grilles
• incorporate a laminated glass screen into the design of the dispensing area, to enable
staff to carry out dispensing operations with safety, while maintaining communications
with staff and patients
• design a two door entry approach (i.e. one door for the public and health facility staff to
access the dispensing window and a separate door for the entry of pharmacy staff to
pharmacy areas)
• incorporating the provision for closing off dispensing areas of the pharmacy when closed,
(such as a locked door from the corridor or roller shutter)
• fitting doors to the pharmacy with quality single cylinder locks to comply with fire
regulations and electronic access control readers, with an internal door handle to enable
occupants to escape in the event of an emergency
• install an intruder security alarm system that meets Australian Standard AS2201 and
incorporates a duress alarms to enable staff to activate the alarm in the event of an
emergency
• restricting and monitoring access to the pharmacy by:
− using electronically access controlled doors, restricting entry to unauthorised persons
− having a restricted keying system fitted to the locks in order to prevent duplication of
keys
− strictly regulating the issue of keys, access cards at all times, including provision for
after-hours access
− keeping doors closed and locked to restrict entry
• CCTV cameras to monitor access doors, to screen entry of personnel and record any
access to the pharmacy after hours
• CCTV cameras to monitor the dispensing counter
• drug safes should be secured in drug rooms with access control card readers.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 35 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition The person in charge of the pharmacy service is responsible for the control of drugs and
pharmaceuticals. This person is to ensure that, in consultation with the pharmacy staff,
members of other relevant disciplines, facility management, written policies and procedures
are developed for the secure handling of all pharmaceuticals and general access into the
pharmacy areas.
All pharmaceuticals should be stored in appropriately controlled conditions which are secure
and safe and where only authorised personnel have access.
Schedule 8 substances can only be accessed by a pharmacist or other authorised staff
member. All Schedule 8 and Schedule 4 drugs of accountability are to be stored in safes of
certain specifications and secured in accordance with statutory requirements.
Drugs dispensed for individual patients should be stored in medication trolleys or other
suitable equipment which is kept locked at all times and stored in an area which is not
accessible by members of the public. All inpatient unit drugs shall be kept in a drug wall safe
and the key held by an authorised person.
6.5.4.
Paediatric and maternity units
Video intercom and/or CCTV cameras should be considered at entrance points and should
have the following features:
• show clear facial features of persons entering the area
• include an intercom system to communicate with those who intend to enter
• provide a remote release button to open the door
• adequately cover hidden areas
• camera protected and discrete.
CCTV cameras should be recorded and monitored by licensed security officers in a secure
location, monitors must not be in view of the general public. The necessary duress
responses will be coordinated between the security staff and with staff working in the vicinity
of duress alarm.
The provision of CCTV cameras at entry points is recommended.
Duress alarms should be provided in accordance with any requirements by Queensland
Health including patient absconding/removal alarms. Refer also to the paediatric and
maternity HPU security checklists.
6.5.5.
Carparking
A vehicle control and space allocation plan should be developed. Access control and
authorised vehicle identification measures should be implemented. A label or decal may be
used to identify authorised vehicles.
Facilities should investigate through local councils the options available to control illegal
parking i.e. restricted parking schemes. Security control measures, such as access control.
CCTV cameras, boom gates and ticket vending and validation machines should be
considered.
Traffic flow numbers and road usage should be investigated to optimise directional traffic
movement, separate entry and exit points should be considered where possible. Car park
layouts and allocations should always consider the shift workers and visiting medical officers.
Road use and design must also make provisions for emergency vehicles and restricted
parking spaces should be allocated for emergency services and other authorised vehicles,
such as ambulances, fire engines and police vehicles.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 36 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Staff and visitor parking should be kept separate. Staff parking should be provided under or
within close range of the workplace. The parking area should be well lit and protected from
the elements.
Risk control strategies to be considered include:
• provide, where practicable, afternoon and night shift staff with designated, controlled
parking spaces as close as possible to the facility in a well lit, easily observed area
connected to the facility by well lit paths
• ensure vehicle entry to car parks is by automated gates or doors, via camera and
intercom, or by passing through an entry/exit gate staffed by security personnel
• display signs in car parks reinforcing theft awareness (such as park smarter, lock it or lose
it)
• display signs that advise that regular security patrols are undertaken and 24-hour CCTV
camera monitoring is in place
• ensure the carpark design and associated landscaping is done in a way to provide
minimal protection for intruders such as dark spots or hiding places.
Ensure single and multi-storey car parks have:
• good car parking lighting (refer to Australian Standard 1158.3.1 and 1680). In this regard
provide lighting sufficient to allow facial recognition. Design car park so that dark spots
and hiding places are minimised
• emergency help buttons or intercoms direct to security staff or switchboard
• landscaping which leaves the area open and does not intrude on line of sight
• flexibility to close some entrances and exits during low traffic periods
• approved locks on exits intended for emergency exit only
• frequent patrols by security staff
• restrict the parking of delivery vehicles to designated spaces
• ensure health service pool vehicles are parked in a secure overnight car park with good
lighting and regular security patrols. A fenced compound or lock-up garage area is
preferable
• provide security for bicycles and motorcycles (i.e. storage areas).
6.5.6.
Reception and waiting rooms
Reception and waiting areas should be easily identifiable and accessible to patients and
visitors. The design and layout should provide reception staff with a clear view of all persons
in the waiting area. The activities of clinical staff should not be visible from the waiting rooms
or reception areas.
Reception areas should be spacious and quiet with comfortable seating. Seating should be a
bench type and secured to the floor. Public telephones should be provided to enable ready
communication with friends and relatives.
Furniture should be attractive and comfortable, but should be selected with regard to its
safeness and the possibility that it may be used as a weapon. Colour is an important factor
and should be selected for its calming, rather than stimulating, qualities.
Seating should be spaced to allow room for baby strollers, wheelchairs and mobility aids. To
reduce the incidence of vandalism or client frustration, waiting areas should be clean and
well-maintained with all fittings in working order. Bariatric seating may be required and advice
should be sought from the Queensland Health project representative.
Climate control will help maintain a comfortable and calming environment. Easy access to
amenities, such as phones, water and snack dispensers and public toilets is important to
enhance comfort and reduce stress levels.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 37 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Reception counters should be designed to enhance the security of staff but maintain the
ability to interact with public as appropriate.
6.6.
Doors and windows
Refer to CIR, Volume 3, Architecture and health facility design.
6.7.
External lighting
External lighting shall be designed to take into account security requirements and relevant
Australian Standard.
6.8.
Medical gases
Ensure access to any gases storage areas is restricted by use of doors, barriers and signs.
All types of gases must be secured against unauthorised removal, tampering, vandalism and
misuse. The security of medical gas storage areas shall:
• comply with dangerous goods and hazardous chemicals legislation
• be designed for safety including manual handling risks associated with movement of gas
bottles
• comply with relevant Australian Standards and Queensland Health guidelines.
6.9.
Security interfacing
Integrated systems where telephone, duress alarm, nurse call, fire alarms, pagers, door
alarms are integrated into the one unit carried by staff improves efficiency and productivity.
Integrated (all-in-one) systems are particularly useful in small facilities and in high risk areas
In consultation with the Queensland Health representative, establish if the security system is
to be interfaced with existing systems and/or a building management control system. Provide
the relevant interface as required.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 38 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 7.
Fire services
7.1.
Introduction
All fire systems shall be provided compliant with Australian Standards, legislation, the BCA
and the requirements of QFRS.
General requirements for fire services are outlined in CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering
and infrastructure principles.
7.2.
Required outcomes of fire services
Achieve the objectives of this section through the use of fire services systems with low
whole-of-life costs while meeting relevant code and workplace health and safety
requirements.
Table 7: Fire services required outcomes
Components
Performance
Performance criteria
outcomes
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant Relevant applicable
standards
codes and standards as
outlined in this guideline
and the BCA.
Queensland
Fully compliant Queensland Health PDP
Health brief
and other briefing
documents as provided
by the Queensland
Health representative for
the project.
Best practices
Complies with the CIR.
Design process
Follows good
engineering
practices.
Fire safety
engineering
Fire safety
engineering
Fire services
Safe health
facility design
in compliance
with fire
strategy.
Safe health
facility
constructed in
compliance
with fire
strategy.
General
detection and
alarm systems.
Follows requirements of
fire safety engineering
report.
Measurement
mechanism
Written confirmation
in the functional
design brief or PDP.
Sign-off/
endorsement of the
functional design
brief by Queensland
Health.
• Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional
brief or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic design
report.
Review of tender
set documentation
against fire safety
engineering report.
Follows requirements of
fire safety engineering
report.
Completion of fire
safety inspection
report.
• Systems to be
provided in
Review of tender
set documentation
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 39 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Hydrant and
hose reel
systems.
Sprinkler
systems.
Acoustics
No intrusive or
unacceptable
noise and
vibration within
or external to
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 40 accordance with code.
• All components
provided within patient
areas are to be
selected based upon
ease of maintenance
and cleansing. No
units are to be
provided that cannot
easily be sterilised
and cleaned.
• Components are to be
selected with regard to
the environmental
factors likely to be
present. This is to
include the possibility
of sensitive
electromagnetic
electrical scanning
equipment or the like.
• The detection systems
selected shall be with
due regard to the
minimisation of false
alarms, ionisation or
optical type detector
provisions are to be
compatible with the
uses of the rooms.
Selections are to be
made with the rooms’
function and
consideration given to
the likelihood of
steam, water vapour
and in some instances
other vapours which
may initiate a false
alarm i.e. vapours
present within some
forms of traditional
medicine.
• Preference shall be
given to the provision
of hose reels in
cabinets or cupboards
with easy clean
surfaces.
• No units are to be
provided that cannot
easily be sterilised
and cleaned
preference is to be
given to concealed
pattern heads
Comply with the CIR.
•
Preparation of
acoustic criteria
in the functional
design
brief/PDP.
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition •
health facilities.
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy and
To provide
• Redundancy in water
reliability
adequate level
and drainage systems
of redundancy
and distribution
and reliability
infrastructure to meet
to meet
the requirements of
objectives of
CIR.
the facility risk
• Division into service
management
modules to enable
plan, such as
maintenance of critical
maintain
functions during
services
maintenance activities
throughout
and as required by the
normal utility
relevant Standards
failure.
and the BCA.
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Confirmation
Compliance with CIR.
Commissioning,
that the
testing and post
cccupancy
required
performance of
systems has
been met as
constructed.
Maintainability
Whole-of-life costs
Design
incorporates
provisions for
appropriate
maintenance of
all
maintainable
plant and
equipment.
Lowest system
cost over its
Preparation of
an acoustic
report during
design
development
which addresses
the CIR.
No interruption to
critical potable, non
potable water
systems and
drainage where
required by CIR.
Compliance with
occupational health and
safety legislation and
CIR.
• Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check with
Queensland
Health if a
building users
guide is required.
• Completion of a
POE by
Queensland
Health—provide
relevant
information for
POE to
Queensland
Health
• provision of
information for
project
operational asset
system. Establish
O&M information
data and enter
into Health CMMS
using WebFM.
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
report.
Life cycle costing
analysis.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 41 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Infection control
operating life
considering:
capital cost,
operating cost
and
maintenance
and
replacement
costs.
Prevent the
spread of
microbial
contamination
by the fire
services
systems.
with Australian
Standard 4536 and
CIR.
Systems complying with
relevant codes and
standards.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
• Provision of input to
consideration
client brief on need for
has made in
flexibility and client
planning and
requirements for
design for
future change.
future needs.
• Provision of
information for client
on the implication of
design adopted in
terms of performance
and costs.
• Provision of an
implementation
strategy to provide
client with contingency
plans for possible
future change.
Comply with the
Disaster
To meet
requirements of the CIR.
management
outcomes of
federal, state
and health
facility disaster
management
plans.
7.3.
• Compliance with
BCA:
— Australian
Standard
3500
— AS/NZS 3666
— Australian
Standard
1432
• Post occupancy
evaluation.
• Review of tender
documentation
set and verified in
installation.
• Agreed design
strategy for future
needs. This
should be an
agreement
statement of
anticipated future
needs
requirements.
• Provide in the
functional brief or
PDP.
Review of tender
documentation set
against criteria as
described in the
CIR.
Codes and standards
Refer to CIR, Volume 1, Overview for a list of referenced standards. Other standards and
codes shall be applied as relevant for the design.
7.4.
All systems
Refer CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles for general
requirements.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 42 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Refer to CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications for technical
requirements.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 43 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 8.
Hydraulic services
8.1.
Introduction
CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles, contains the key
principles applicable to the design of hydraulic services for healthcare facilities. The following
expands on the requirements of Section 1, providing further detail, checklists and details of
design deliverables. Adherence to the methods and processes of Section 2 is considered
necessary for achieving the intent and requirements of Section 1.
8.2.
Required outcomes of hydraulic services design
Table 8: Hydraulic services required outcomes
Components
Performance
Performance
outcomes
criteria
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant Relevant applicable
standards
codes and standards as
outlined in this guideline
and the BCA.
Queensland
Fully compliant Queensland Health PDP
Health brief
and other briefing
documents as provided
by the Queensland
Health representative for
the project.
Best practices
Design process
Follows good
Complies with CIR.
engineering
practices.
Water services
Domestic cold
water.
Storage duration:
Generally no more than
24 hours, greater
interruptions of supply
may require additional
treatment systems to be
put in place to ensure
quality.
Max pipe work
distribution Vel: 2.0m/s.
Water quality meeting
the recommendations of
Guidelines for the
Management of
Microbial Water Quality
in Health Care Facilities
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 44 Measurement
mechanism
Written confirmation
in the functional
design brief or PDP.
Signoff/endorsement of
the functional
design brief by
Queensland Health.
•
Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional
brief or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic
design report.
Review of tender
set documentation.
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2013.
Domestic hot
water.
Loading units
Drainage and
sanitation systems
Discharge units
Percentage full
for drainage
(max.)
Velocities in
drainage
systems.
Acoustics
Pipe
roughness for
drainage
design (k).
No intrusive or
unacceptable
noise and
vibration within
or external to
health facilities.
Maintain temperature
below 20oC.
• Storage temp: above
65ºC where heat is
used as sterilisation
medium.
• Delivery temp:
Blended to 42ºC at
each point of use for
ablutions and
sensitive areas.
• Kitchenettes and
janitors cupboards to
be provided with water
above 65ºC.
• Max pipe work
distribution Vel:
2.0m/s.
• Water quality meeting
the recommendations
of Guidelines for the
Management of
Microbial Water
Quality in Health Care
Facilities 2013.
• Heated Water Tanks
to be adjustable to
80oC, to allow
temperatures of 65 to
70oC to be attained
throughout the
network when
flushing.
• TMV’s to be placed as
close as possible
(preferably within 6 m)
to points of usage.
As per Australian
Standard 3500.
As per Australian
Standard 3500.
60% Horizontal
25% Vertical
• No less than 0.75m/s
at design flow.
• No more than 1.2m/s
at design flow.
1.5
Comply with CIR.
Review of tender
set documentation.
Review of tender
set documentation.
Review of tender
set documentation.
Review of tender
set documentation.
Review of tender
set documentation.
Review of tender
set documentation.
• Preparation of
acoustic criteria in
the functional
design brief/PDP.
• Preparation of an
acoustic report
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 45 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition during design
development
which addresses
all items outlined
in CIR.
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy and
To provide
• Redundancy in water
reliability
adequate level
and drainage systems
of redundancy
and distribution
and reliability
infrastructure to meet
to meet
the requirements of
objectives of
the CIR.
the facility risk
• Division into service
management
modules to enable
plan, such as
maintenance of critical
maintain
functions during
services
maintenance activities
throughout
and as required by the
normal utility
relevant standards
failure.
and the BCA.
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Compliance with CIR.
Confirmation
Commissioning,
that the
testing and post
occupancy
required
performance of
systems has
been met as
constructed.
Maintainability
Whole-of-life costs
Design
incorporates
provisions for
appropriate
maintenance of
all
maintainable
plant and
equipment.
Lowest system
cost over the
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 46 No interruption to
critical potable, non
potable water
systems and
drainage where
required by CIR.
•
Compliance with
occupational health and
safety legislation and
CIR.
Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check with
Queensland
Health if a
building users
guide is
required.
• Completion of a
POE by
Queensland
Health —provide
relevant
information for
POE to
Queensland
Health.
• Provision of
information for
project
operational
asset system.
Establish O&M
information data
and enter into
Health AMMS
using WebFM.
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
report.
Life cycle costing
analysis.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition operating life
considering:
capital cost,
operating cost
and
maintenance
and
replacement
costs.
Prevent the
spread of
microbial
contamination
by the
hydraulic
services
systems.
• Systems complying
with relevant codes
and standards.
• Maintain residual
chlorine disinfectant
level at > 0.5 mg/L
throughout system.
• The water network
shall be protected
from areas where
contamination could
occur by installing
RPZ valves.
• Isolation valves and
flushing points shall
be provided to
facilitate remediation if
infection was to occur.
• Refer to Guidelines for
the Managing
Microbial Water
Quality in Health
Facilities 2013.
The design shall target
Sustainability
Reduction in
that 20% of the facility’s
reliance upon
power shall be sourced
electrical
from alternative energy
energy
sources.
sources including wind,
biodiesel, gas, solar,
photovoltaic. The use of
solar hot water, gas
heating shall be
preferred.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
• Provision of input to
consideration
client brief on need for
in planning and
flexibility and client
design for
requirements for
future needs.
future change.
• Provision of
information for client
on the implication of
design adopted in
terms of performance
and costs.
• Provision of an
implementation
strategy to provide
client with contingency
plans for possible
future change.
Disaster
To meet
Comply with the
Infection control
with Australian
Standard 4536 and
CIR.
• Compliance with
BCA:
— Australian
Standard
3500
— AS/NZS 3666
— Australian
Standard
1432
• Post occupancy
evaluation.
• Review of tender
documentation
set and verified in
installation.
Annualised
electrical energy
analysis identifying
onsite and offsite
non coal sourced
contribution.
• Agreed design
strategy for future
needs. This is to
take the form of
an agreement
statement of
anticipated future
needs
requirements.
• Provide in the
functional brief or
PDP.
Review of tender
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 47 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition management
outcomes of
federal, state
and health
facility disaster
management
plans.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 48 requirements of CIR.
documentation set
against criteria as
defined in site risk
assessment.
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 9.
Lifts
9.1.
Required outcomes
The suitable type, size and number of lifts shall be provided for the health facility, such as to
meet the performance criteria specified.
Table 9: Lift services required outcomes
Components
Performance
Performance
outcomes
criteria
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant
Relevant applicable
standards
codes and standards as
outlined in the CIR and
the BCA.
Queensland
Fully compliant
Queensland Health PDP
Health brief
and other briefing
documents as provided
by the Queensland
Health representative
for the project.
Best practices
Complies with CIR.
Design process
Follows good
engineering
practices.
Lift performance
Meet
performance
criteria of
sufficient
capacity and
traffic control.
Lift planning and
management
Prevention of
cross
contamination
and infection
control.
No intrusive or
unacceptable
noise and
vibration within
or external to
health facilities.
Acoustics
•
Averaging waiting
time, 30 to 50
seconds.
• Maximise passenger
travel comfort, such
as minimum jerk.
• 5-min capacity, 10–
15% of population.
• Handle peak hour
demands.
Configure lifts to avoid
cross contamination
between patients,
visitors and staff.
Comply with CIR.
Measurement
mechanism
Written confirmation
in the functional
design brief or PDP.
Sign-off/
endorsement of the
functional design
brief by Queensland
Health.
• Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional
brief or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic design
report.
Traffic analysis.
Review of concept
and tender
documentation.
• Preparation of
acoustic criteria in
the functional
design brief/PDP.
• Preparation of an
acoustic report
during design
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 49 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition development
which addresses
CIR.
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy and
To provide
•
reliability
adequate level
of redundancy
and reliability to
meet objectives
of the facility
risk
management
•
plan, such as
maintain
services
throughout
normal utility
failure.
•
Redundancy in lift
numbers, power
supply arrangements
and distribution
infrastructure to meet
the requirements of
the CIR.
Operation with
emergency power:
immobilize lifts
already stopped;
bring lifts to lobby
one at a time.
Allow one lift to
remain in service(if
sufficient energy is
available).
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Confirmation
Compliance with CIR.
Commissioning,
that the
testing and post
required
occupancy
performance of
systems has
been met as
constructed.
Maintainability
Whole-of-life costs
Design
incorporates
provisions for
appropriate
maintenance of
all maintainable
plant and
equipment.
Lowest system
cost over the
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 50 Review against BCA
and in accordance
with the
requirements of the
CIR.
•
Compliance with
occupational health and
safety legislation and
CIR.
Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check with
Queensland
Health if a
building users
guide is
required.
• Completion of a
POE by
Queensland
Health—provide
relevant
information for
POE to
Queensland
Health.
• Provision of
information for
project
operational
asset system.
Establish O&M
information data
and enter into
Queensland
Health CMMS.
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
report.
Life cycle costing
analysis.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition operating life
considering:
capital cost,
operating cost
and
maintenance
and
replacement
costs.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
• Provision of input to
consideration
client brief on need
has been made
for flexibility and
in planning and
client requirements
design for
for future change.
future needs.
• Provision of
information for client
on the implication of
design adopted in
terms of
performance and
costs.
• Provision of an
implementation
strategy to provide
client with
contingency plans
for possible future
change.
Comply with the
Disaster
To meet
requirements of CIR.
management
outcomes of
federal, state
and health
facility disaster
management
plans.
9.2.
with Australian
Standard 4536 and
CIR.
Agreed design
strategy for future
needs. This is to
take the form of an
agreement
statement of
anticipated future
needs requirements.
Provide in the
functional brief or
PDP.
Review of tender
documentation set
against criteria as
described in IMR.
General
Refer to CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles for general
requirements.
Refer CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications for detailed
technical requirements.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 51 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 10.
Medical gases
10.1. Introduction
Medical gas systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with the relevant
Australian and international standards.
Refer also to CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles for general
requirements.
Refer also to CIR, Volume 4, Section 3: Engineering and infrastructure specifications for
detailed technical requirements.
10.2. Required outcomes
Achieve the above objectives through the use of energy efficient building and services
design, low whole-of-life costs while meeting workplace health and safety requirements and
achieving occupant satisfaction with the internal environment.
Table 10: Outcome statement
Components
Performance
outcomes
Briefing and standards
Codes and
Fully compliant
standards
Performance
criteria
Measurement
mechanism
Relevant applicable
codes and standards
as outlined in this
guideline and the BCA.
Queensland Health
PDP and other briefing
documents as provided
by the Queensland
Health representative
for the project.
Written confirmation
in the functional
design brief or PDP.
Follows good
engineering
practices.
Complies with CIR.
Medical gas,
compressed air
and vacuum
outlets
Provide sufficient
supply points for
medical gases,
compressed air
and vacuum.
Safety and purity
Supply
uncontaminated
gases.
No intrusive or
In accordance with
Australian Standard
2896, specifying the
number and location of
gas outlets and the
functional brief.
To comply with CGMP
and Australian
Standard 2896.
Comply with CIR.
• Application and
completion of
design process
checklists,
completion of
relevant parts of
the functional
brief or PDP.
• Completion of an
engineering
services master
plan (where
applicable).
• Completion of
schematic
design report.
Review of outlet
locations against
tender set
documentation.
Queensland
Health brief
Best practices
Design process
Acoustics
Fully compliant
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 52 Signoff/endorsement of
the functional
design brief by
Queensland Health.
Review of tender
set documentation.
• Preparation of
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition unacceptable
noise and
vibration within or
external to health
facilities.
acoustic criteria in
the functional
design brief/PDP.
• Preparation of an
acoustic report
during design
development
which addresses
all items outlined
in IMR.
Redundancy, reliability and flexibility
Redundancy and
To provide
• Redundancy in
reliability
adequate level of
medical gas
redundancy and
systems and
reliability to meet
distribution
objectives of the
infrastructure to
facility risk
meet the
management
requirements of the
plan, such as
CIR.
maintain services • Division into service
throughout
modules to enable
normal utility
maintenance of
failure.
critical functions
during maintenance
activities and as
required by the
relevant standards
and the BCA.
Asset management, maintenance and whole-of-life
Commissioning,
Confirmation that Compliance with CIR.
testing and post
the required
occupancy
performance of
systems has
been met as
constructed.
Maintainability
Design
incorporates
provisions for
Compliance with
occupational health
and safety legislation
No interruption to
critical gas systems
and failsafe supply
options.
• Completion of
design and precompletion
checklists.
• Check with
Queensland
Health if a
building users
guide is
required.
• Completion of a
POE by
Queensland
Health—provide
relevant
information for
POE to
Queensland
Health.
• Provision of
information for
project
operational
asset system.
Establish O&M
information data
and enter into
Queensland
Health CMMS.
Verification
statement in the
schematic design
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 53 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Whole-of-life costs
Infection control
appropriate
maintenance of
all maintainable
plant and
equipment.
Lowest system
cost over the
operating life
considering:
capital cost,
operating cost
and maintenance
and replacement
costs.
Prevent the
spread of
microbial
contamination by
the medical gas
systems.
and CIR.
report.
Life cycle costing
analysis.
Life cycle costing
analysis complying
with Australian
Standard 4536 and
CIR.
Systems complying
with relevant codes
and standards.
• Compliance with
BCA:
— Australian
Standard
2896
— AS/NZS 3666
• Post occupancy
• Review of tender
documentation
set and verified
in installation.
Future proofing, risk and disaster management
Future proofing
Adequate
• Provision of input to
consideration
client brief on need
has made in
for flexibility and
planning and
client requirements
design for future
for future change.
needs.
• Provision of
information for
client on the
implication of
design adopted in
terms of
performance and
costs.
• Provision of an
implementation
strategy to provide
client with
contingency plans
for possible future
change.
Disaster
To meet
Comply with the
management
outcomes of
requirements of CIR.
federal, state and
health facility
disaster
management
plans
• Agreed design
strategy for
future needs.
This is to take
the form of an
• agreement
statement of
anticipated
future needs
requirements.
• Provide in the
functional brief
or PDP.
Review of tender
documentation set
against criteria as
described in CIR.
10.3. Codes and standards
10.3.1. Codes and standards
Refer to CIR, Volume 4, Section 1: Engineering and infrastructure principles.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 54 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 10.4. Medical gas purity
Medical gases supplied from cylinder or liquid sources comply with the appropriate sections
of the current edition of the Australian Code of Good Manufacturing Practice for Medicinal
Products—Annex 6, Manufacture of medicinal gases.
Bacteria filters should be included in medical and surgical compressor systems to reduce the
risk of delivering spores or other infectious material to vulnerable patients.
Micro-organisms can penetrate a bacteria filter if the material is wet. Therefore it is essential
that the dryness of the medical air supplied to a bacteria filter is checked regularly (at least
every three months) at the test point,
10.5. Sources of supply and backup provisions
This needs to be in accordance with Australian Standards and the site risk assessment.
11.
Central energy facilities
11.1. Introduction
A central energy heating and cooling system distributes thermal energy from a central source
to multiple buildings in a large health facility campus situation. This is in contrast to the
alternative which includes decentralised local plant.
11.2. Application
This section applies where cooling and heating energy are required in a multi-building
campus or precinct context.
11.3. Standards and codes
Design requirements are to be in accordance with relevant Australian Standards, building
codes and regulations. The list of applicable standards is provided in references and further
reading of this document.
11.4. Central Energy Plant advantages and disadvantages
A discussion of the features and benefits of a centralised approach are outlined below.
11.4.1. Advantages
Redundancy can be incorporated simply to ensure high availability.
A Central Energy Plant (CEP) provides opportunities for diversity across the site which
translates to more efficient operation. As plant units are usually large in size, high efficiency
of plant can be realised.
Ongoing plant maintenance costs are likely to be lower for a central energy facility as
compared to precinct plant.
11.4.2. Disadvantages
As the CEP serves an entire precinct, funding may need to be brought forward to allow
design and construction of the CEP to serve earlier stages in a project.
Plant is located some distance from loads which means higher pumping costs.
Configurations with external piping reticulation will need to be provided as part of early works
to serve the stage one buildings and sized to cater for future load growth.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 55 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition In order to achieve the target benchmarks that are proposed every aspect of plant and
equipment design and operation will need to be examined to ensure the best possible
outcome with respect to efficiency, CO2 emissions and sustainability.
In consideration of these issues the prime drivers for a central energy facility are:
• better efficiency of chilled water and heating water equipment as compared to smaller
decentralised units
• facilitates improved maintenance and reduces impact on clinical and other areas of the
health facility
• facilitates connection of future new buildings
• flexibility for future fit-outs and refurbishments
• a central energy facility can be constructed to allow future plant capacity increases without
disrupting any other parts of the health facility campus
• new buildings are less constrained and do not require roof or internal space for heating
and cooling plant
• a central energy facility can incorporate cogeneration/tri-gen plant more efficiently and
easily as compared to decentralised plant.
11.5. CEP—recommended options for consideration
In consideration of the central energy plant option, various locations for a potential CEP
facility should be developed as part of the feasibility analysis or PDP. The locations should
include considerations of noise and discharge emissions and the ability for future expansion.
The CEP would normally be a multi level building, accommodating chillers, boilers, cooling
towers, pumps and potentially cogeneration plant as well as plant and services for other
engineering disciplines.
The central energy plant would generally include the following major plant and equipment:
• chillers/cooling towers
• heaters
• standby generators
• cogeneration/trigeneration plant (subject to option being implemented)
• thermal storage (subject to analysis suitability) and external to main CEP building)
• BMCS control room.
• transformer rooms and switchrooms
• ventilation plant (serving the CEP).
The following items could be located in the CEP or vicinity but are preferred in the main
building:
• sprinkler tank
• water storage tanks
• medical air and suction.
11.6. CEP—heating and cooling plant
The following redundancy provisions are recommended for a CEP:
• for all critical care areas the provision of backup refrigeration compressors, chiller units or
heating units
• ring mains or provision of alternate pipe backup route with appropriate valving to allow
supply from backup plant for all air handling systems serving critical care areas
• provision of appropriate valving in the external and internal piping configuration on the site
to allow for alterations in the future without shutting down or compromising other areas.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 56 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Figure 1: Sample load growth profiles
35000
Capacity kWr Cooling
Stage 1
30000
Current
25000
20000
Stage 3 & 4
Stage 2
Site refrigeration load growth
Existing Plant Phaseout
Existing Plant
15000
10000
5000
Site Refrigeration Load Growth
Year 13
Year 12
Year 11
Year 10
Year 9
Year
Year 8
Year 7
Year 6
Year 5
Year 4
Year 3
Year 2
Year 1
0
CEP Load Growth
11.6.1. CEP—cooling capacity diversity
Where a central plant serves more than one air handling system, the capacity of the central
plant shall be calculated based on the peak simultaneous load, not the sum of the individual
loads.
11.7. CEP—medical oxygen
The bulk oxygen facility should comply with Australian Standard 1894 and be provided with
backup VIE or cylinder packs to provide redundancy in the event of a failure, with any valving
or components of the main oxygen VIE system. This emergency provision shall provide at
least an average one day’s supply as per Australian Standard 2896. In addition the piping
reticulation should be configured as a ring arrangement on the site, with appropriate valving
to allow sections of the system to be shut down for alterations or extension without affecting
the remainder of the system. Telemetry must be provided for alarms and notifications.
11.8. CEP—medical air and suction
The medical air and suction systems should have redundancy provisions as described
elsewhere.
11.9. CEP—bottled medical gases
Bottled medical gases should be fed from duty/standby auto changeover manifold systems.
Piping reticulation between buildings should be interconnected and between different stores
with appropriate alarms and valving to allow redundancy and backup. This will facilitate
future changes and provide flexibility.
11.10. CEP—reticulation routes
The design of the chilled water and heating water pipe work distribution system should have
sufficient isolation points included (particularly where a ring main is used) to allow water to be
diverted from other sources and distribution routes should allow for pipe work or plant failure
to occur as well as facilitating the addition of new take-offs with minimal disruption.
The following could also be provided to improve overall flexibility:
• on floor ring mains
• dual risers
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 57 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • slab to slab heights suited for all health facility functions/departments
• air handling plant provided on a departmental/floor by floor basis
• all of the above are recommended to facilitate future refurbishment.
11.11. CEP—service and access locations
The assessment of requirements must be considered with respect to communication, areas,
plant and distribution and be related to the site, size and shape of buildings. Accommodation
for vertical services should be decided during the preparation of the schematic plans. This
information will be in the form of total areas required, to be sub-divided later as design work
proceeds.
11.11.1. Distribution
As far as is practicable, departments which impose a heavy load on the engineering services
should be grouped and located near to the main distribution centres to avoid long runs of
large capacity mains. It will generally be found advantageous for services to follow the main
communication routes.
Generally the first plant room to be sited is the energy centre, so that the main services
routes can be determined. Energy centres are usually sited in an industrial complex for the
health facility on ground level, although consideration may be given to siting at roof level.
There are a number of disadvantages to roof level locations, including additional mass of
plant and equipment, potentially reduced ease of maintenance access and increased
difficulty with regard to future plant replacement.
The next step will be to decide the areas required for other plant rooms. Consideration
should be given to the degree of flexibility that is necessary to allow for possible changes in
the use of health facility departments.
In multi-storey buildings a smaller number of large vertical ducts—with adequate provision for
horizontal distribution above ceiling level and below structural members—will give the most
flexible arrangement. A large number of smaller vertical ducts with ceiling spaces for
horizontal distribution as necessary will generally be less flexible.
Convenient access should be provided to all service spaces.
In single-storey buildings, accommodation should preferably be provided in a walkway
service duct below floor level. Sufficient headroom should be allowed for installation and
maintenance purposes. If a service trench is provided, removable covers should be provided
over the complete length of the trench.
Access to services, excluding requirements for initial installation, should be considered for
operation, maintenance and replacement.
11.11.2. Frequent access
Plant, valves, switchgear requiring frequent attention for operation of the system or for
maintenance, all needs immediate access. If enclosed, access should be by hinged
personnel doors. Adequate clearance should be provided for ease of working.
11.11.3. Intermittent access
Items not in frequent use or requiring maintenance only at intervals of some months, need
ready access by means, such as floor traps or removable panels in walls and false ceilings.
Notwithstanding, all access should have adequate clearance for ease of working. Where
possible, access panels should be fixed by means of retained quick-release fasteners rather
than by screws and cups.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 58 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Access should be arranged, as far as possible, to enable work to be carried out without
affecting health facility routine. Access points should be convenient to items requiring
attention and in the case of rodding eyes, sufficient space should be provided to facilitate
rodding of the pipe work.
11.11.4. Renewal of services
Some services may have to be renewed once or twice during the useful life of a building.
Accommodation should be planned to allow for this and take into account both weight and
size of major items. Where emergency renewals are not envisaged, the removal of door
frames, windows and even partitions and non-structural walls may be considered. The
renewal of minor items does not usually create problems, except for pipe lengths.
The destruction of finishes to open up a trench or vertical duct or to increase the size of an
existing means of access could be more economic than the provision of expensive, rarelyused permanent access. The saving must be considered with regard to the cost and
inconvenience incurred at the time of replacement.
11.12. CEP—tunnels and trenches
Piping reticulation and distribution can be carried out using formed conduits (formed concrete
or similar) trenches or alternatively by direct burial of the piping. Each method has
advantages and disadvantages which should be considered in relation to the site as part of
the feasibility analysis or PDP.
When formed conduits are used, the following key issues should be considered:
• access to confined spaces
• dimensions given will allow sufficient access to services for inspection, adjustment or
replacement.
• dimensional allowances for any lighting, drainage, wash down, ventilation, power supply,
access points and finishes are to be made as additions to the spaces required for the
services.
• detailed dimensions of access traps, doors and the like will vary considerably with
circumstances, but access clearances should not be less than 450 mm square.
The main requirements are:
• adequate space to operate valve controls
• unobstructed access to rodding eyes
• easy access for inspection and maintenance
• sufficient space to enable repairs and replacements to be carried out
• entry points large enough for the passage of equipment, materials and tools likely to be
required during replacement and extension work, for example pipes, valves, pumps,
welding equipment.
Examples of a services corridor and conduit arrangement are shown below:
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 59 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Figure 2: Example of service corridor and conduit arrangement
11.13. Energy systems and integration
There are many drivers for environmentally sustainable design initiatives in healthcare
facilities, including:
• legislative requirements
• patient experience and outcomes
• public perception and engagement (social responsibility)
• sustainability rating systems
• recurrent energy costs
• energy performance contracts.
Energy efficiency is a significant design consideration with buildings responsible for
approximately 40 per cent of overall energy consumption—of this over 50 per cent is used for
space heating and cooling. Hence energy demand reduction should be the first stage of
action in sustainable design.
Where the assessed electrical profile indicates a relatively short peak maximum demand,
which is high in relation to the average demand, the cost of the network connection will be
disproportionately expensive and will not be optimally used. In such cases, the designer will
need to consider onsite alternative energy sources to reduce the peak power requirements.
Alternative energy sources can also reduce site wide carbon emissions, energy consumption
and associated energy costs whilst taking advantage of market regulated competitive energy
tariffs. Each project shall generate a case study for alternative energy sources particularly
when:
• the cost of power supplied by the utility is more than the cost of generation by the
alternative energy plant
• the utility is not being able to provide reliable enough or good quality power causing
inconvenience/loss to the industry
• efficiency considerations are paramount
• where the above factors exist the designer will need to show justification for not adopting
alternative energy schemes.
11.14. Combined heat and power systems
11.14.1. General
A combined heating and power system (CHP), cogeneration or tri-generation, is normally
located on the particular site and provide the primary energy source for a portion of the site’s
load. The heat from the generating plant (usually natural gas driven) drives an absorption
cycle to produce space heating, cooling, dehumidification and heat for health facility
processes such as sterilisation and cooking.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 60 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Health facilities are good candidate buildings for CHP systems, as the load profile is
relatively stable over a 24-hour period (as opposed to office environments) and there is
demand for the recovered energy that matches the output of the system.
Tri-generation is the simultaneous production of power/electricity, hot water and/or steam
and chilled water from one fuel source. Tri-generation is a highly efficient energy technology,
which provides the opportunity to both reduce energy operating costs, as well as reduce the
carbon emissions associated with the standard grid supply.
Figure 3 illustrates the efficacies typically associated with the tri-generation plant.
Figure 3: Diagram of tri-generation system
The advantages of tri-generation are:
• Fuel cuts—the successful installation of a tri-generation plant leads to reduction of fuel
consumption by approximately 25 per cent compared with conventional electricity
production.
• Grid energy produces 940 kg CO2 emissions per MWh as compared with a tri-generation
plant (using natural gas) which produces 550 kg CO2 emissions per MWh.
• Emissions reduction: the reduction of atmospheric pollution follows the same proportion.
With the use of natural gas, rather than oil or coal, the emissions of SO2 and smoke are
reduced.
• Economic benefits: the benefits for the user are economic. Energy costs of tri-generation
units are lower than those of the ‘conventional’ units.
• Future proofing against a potential carbon tax.
• Increase of the reliability and security of the energy supply. A tri-generation scheme can
offer efficiencies up to 85 per cent compared to a grid at 30 per cent.
• Increase of electricity networks stability: tri-generation units offer significant relief in
electricity networks during the hot summer months.
• Improved reputation (the green brand).
CHP plant should be located close to the boiler plant to minimise the water distribution pipe
work (and hence distribution losses), provide a common location for boiler flue and exhaust
locations, as well as a common location for the fuel.
At the concept planning stage of the design, a feasibility study of the site should be
undertaken for cogeneration or tri-generation, identifying:
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 61 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • The primary drivers for cogeneration or tri-generation and their order of priority, for
example reduce electrical consumption, re-use of waste heat, reducing CO2 emissions,
building green star rating. In this regard a life cycle cost analysis shall be prepared in
accordance Section 1.
• Review the current energy usage and ascertain the electrical, heating and cooling load
profile.
• Determine the size of the tri-generation plant to match the projected electrical load profile
(the site heating and cooling requirements shall be a secondary consideration in the plant
sizing).
• Determine the physical size and location of the plants, acoustic and structural
considerations.
• Establish the access to reliable fuel supply at a fixed cost.
• Determine the suitability of the supply authority network to enable extended parallel
operation with the grid for exporting of power.
• Address any staging issues at high level for all proposed solutions.
• Identify the projected carbon reduction as a direct consequence of the installation of the
tri-generation plant(s).
• Carry out an environmental impact assessment.
• Establish metering arrangements.
• Determine the preferred financing arrangement: project financing/internal financing/energy
performance contract/build own and operate (BOO) and energy supply contract.
Photovoltaic panels, wind power and other alternative energy sources may be used for a
small number of non-critical circuits. These systems should run in parallel with the utility
supply, due to the variability of output power and have a form of positive isolation between
the PV output and the incoming utility supply to prevent island-mode operation and/or backfeeding into the utility network. A health facility installing small-scale renewable energy
generators (where these systems qualify under the Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000)
are currently commercially compensated under the mandatory renewable energy target
scheme (MRET) and other available government rebate programs.
The MRET scheme provides a ‘market mechanism’ through the buying and selling of
renewable energy certificates (RECs), for small scale embedded generation.
Building management systems are a critical component of energy efficient buildings and
energy systems. The BMCS will contribute to energy savings by monitoring the profile of
particular loads, improving maintenance efficiency and hence reliability of the plant operation.
The system should be connected to the local area network of the facility so that the system
can be monitored/supervised over the structured communications network.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 62 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 12.
Acoustics and vibration
12.1. Introduction
This section sets out acoustic criteria for the design and management of new and refurbished
healthcare facilities. Prescriptive solutions are not provided to meet specific acoustic criteria,
designers on each individual project should develop these. It is recommended that acoustic
advice be sought from a qualified acoustical consultant (eligible for membership of the
Australian Acoustical Society).
12.2. Objectives
This section sets out minimum recommended criteria. Each health facility development has
special features and these criteria may not be appropriate for all projects. A statement of
acoustic criteria should be prepared for each facility in the scheme design report and/or
project definition plan. This will set out the acoustic requirements and the particular acoustic
issues that affect the project. The presumption will be that these criteria will equate to those
listed in this section. The onus will be on designers to identify whether the acoustic criteria
given can be achieved and to set out a basis for modifying them if required.
12.3. Off-site noise sources
12.3.1. Considerations
Noise sources that must be considered are those that have the potential to influence the
design of the development in terms of the building façade requirements (particularly glazing)
and the positioning of external amenity areas. Consideration for the following off-site noise
sources must be made:
• road traffic
• rail traffic
• aircraft movements associated with nearby airports
• helicopter movements associated emergency helipad and aerial ambulances.
• depending on the location of the health facility other noise sources may need to be
considered.
12.3.2. Impacts
Road traffic, rail traffic and aircraft noise impacts have the potential to:
• reduce the amenity of external open space, such as balconies and terraces, parks and
recreation spaces
• reduce the amenity of internal spaces due to higher ambient noise levels
• increase the risk of sleep awakenings and disturbance of essential sleep patterns
• reduce speech intelligibility and impair communication.
12.4. On-site noise sources
12.4.1. Considerations
Noise generated within a health facility must be considered when determining the location of
sensitive activities and in the design of building elements, such as façade, walls and floors.
These noise sources are to include:
• building service plant and equipment
• specialised medical and other equipment
• emergency vehicles
• service vehicles
• public site access and car-parking.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 63 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 12.4.2. Impacts
12.4.2.1.
Building services plant and equipment
The following sources of noise will need to be assessed when considering the building
design:
• pumps
• fans
• air handling units
• condensers
• boilers
• cooling towers
• generators.
These items have the potential to generate noise and vibration which may impact on both the
health facility and nearby noise and vibration sensitive receivers.
12.4.2.2.
Emergency vehicles
Emergency vehicles, such as ambulances and aerial ambulances have the potential to
generate significant noise impacting to both on and off site sensitive receivers. Careful
consideration needs to be given to the location of the ambulance bays in order to minimise
noise impacting on patients.
12.4.2.3.
Service vehicles
Noise generated from the use of loading docks is a transient event that can affect rest and
recovery zones within the health facility. Careful consideration needs to be given to the
location of loading docks in order to minimise noise impacting on patients. Sensitive sites
nearby may also experience noise impacts from service vehicles passing en-route to the
health facility.
12.4.2.4.
Public site access
Movements of vehicles into, out of and within car parks have the potential to generate
significant noise impact. The noise impacts are likely to be greatest during shift changeover
periods when vehicles movements are high and background noise levels are low.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 64 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 13.
Services coordination and integration
13.1. Introduction
The following checklists should be used to ensure cross discipline coordination activities and
tasks are completed and must be incorporated into the discipline designer’s quality
assurance procedures.
Completed checklists should be submitted as part of the documentation submissions.
The services coordination checklist shall be completed by the relevant discipline designers
and submitted to the project manager and architect. Copies shall also be distributed to the
Queensland Health services representative.
13.2. Checklists
Checklists provided include:
• mechanical services
• electrical services
• hydraulic services.
Irrespective of the requirements of the checklists, all designers shall ensure designs are
coordinated, interoperable and integrated as appropriate.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 65 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Documentation coordination review checklists
Mechanical installation drawings coordination
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
Review checklist items
no.
M01
M02
M03
M04
M05
M06
M07
M08
M09
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15
M16
Check that mechanical floor plan room layouts match
architectural.
Check that all building sections, floor and ceiling levels match
architectural and structural.
Check that all ducts are sized, all duct types indicated
(including extent of acoustic or thermal insulation) and all air
conditioned spaces have supply and return air.
Check that adequate clearances exist above ceilings at
intersection of largest ducts and duct routes generally. Check
with structural for beam locations/depths and clearances
through trusses, architectural for ceiling structural tolerances,
electrical for depth of recessed light fittings.
Check architectural details at the intersection of exposed
ducts with glazed walls.
Check that structural supports for all items of mechanical
equipment (such as roof mounted equipment) are
documented on the structural drawings.
Check location of fire and smoke walls for consistency with
architectural. Check that dampers are indicated at duct
intersections with fire and smoke walls.
Check doors in fire or smoke walls do not contain airconditioning (AC) grilles and are not undercut for return air.
Check that requirements for door grilles and door undercuts
match architectural door schedules and that doors are large
enough to accommodate the grilles indicated on the
mechanical drawings.
Check location of ceiling diffusers/grilles against electrical
fittings on architectural ceiling plan(s).
Check for provision of ceiling access panels to fire/smoke
dampers, and detectors in ducts for maintenance checks.
Check that wall mounted AC units, fans, grilles and louvre
panels are consistently shown on architectural elevations and
window drawing ‘schedules’.
Check that all roof penetrations (such as ducts, fans) are
indicated on architectural roof plan(s) and accommodated on
the structural roof framing plan.
Check that all air conditioning units, exhaust fans, heaters,
pumps, and other mechanical equipment match mechanical
spec and drawing schedules and that equipment power
ratings match electrical.
Check that plant rooms can accommodate all mechanical
equipment including ducts, mechanical switchboards, and
service access to filters. Check that plant rooms can
accommodate all mechanical equipment including ducts and
switchboards, and provide access for servicing of equipment
and delivery and safe handling of water treatment chemicals
(if provided).
Check that drainage requirements for mechanical floor
wastes, tundishes and condensate lines have been
documented on hydraulics drawings.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 66 Contract no:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X)
(Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
Review checklist items
no.
M17
M18
M19
M20
M21
M22
M23
M24
M25
M26
M27
Contract no:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X)
(Initial)
Check that all items of mechanical plant and equipment
requiring electrical connection are indicated on electrical
drawings. Check that electrical switchboards and control
panels for mechanical plant are fully documented.
Check that all flues for gas boilers are shown on the
architectural roof plan.
Check that fresh air intakes are located away from loading
docks, kitchen exhausts or other foul air sources.
Check that finishes of exposed ducts are scheduled in the
specification.
Check external wall louvers correctly documented on
architectural drawings
Verify access and maintenance requirements to mechanical
plant is correctly documented on architectural drawings
Check that all items and notes on the mechanical drawings
match the specification.
Check electrical cable tray drawings for clashes with duct and
pipe work
Check gas outlets on medical services panels – electrical
drawings
Check any humidity control is not to be achieved via sprays
in the air handling units or careful consideration that microbial
and/or chemical contamination will not occur. This should be
assisted by completion of a risk management plan.
Check seals to exclude dust and aerosols.
Mechanical discipline designer:
Name:
Date:
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 67 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Documentation coordination review checklists
Electrical installation drawings coordination
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
E01
E02
E03
E04
E05
E06
E07
E08
E09
E10
E11
E12
E13
E14
E15
Check that supply connection point(s) are documented for all
new mains and/or sub-mains and that the services engineer(s)
have certified that all connections are to local authorities
requirements.
Confirm that the capacity of the existing supply to take the
increased load has been checked
Check that wall layouts on the electrical floor and site plans
match the architectural plans.
Check that the plan location of the main switchboard (MSB) and
distribution boards (DBs) matches the architectural.
Check on the architectural floor plans that there is sufficient
space to accommodate the sizes of the MSB and DBs
nominated in the electrical drawings and/or specification
sections.
Check on the electrical plans that all cable sizes are nominated
from the point of supply to the MSB and then to the DBs and
sub-DBs.
Check that the MSB and DB single line diagram layouts include
connection to existing, number of circuits shown on plan and
spare capacity.
Check that all items of electrical equipment requiring power
connection are shown connected and match drawing or
specification equipment schedules. Cross check for consistent
indication on architectural furniture/equipment plans.
Check the specification and equipment schedules for consistent
indication of communications, data, security and fire detection
requirements and similarly c.f. the architectural
furniture/equipment plans.
Check that all ceiling mounted electrical fittings (such as lights,
fans and smoke/heat detectors) match the architectural reflected
ceiling plan(s). Check for conflicts with AC grilles, sprinklers.
Check architectural for location of fire rated ceilings. Check that
nominated light fittings do not negate fire rating. Use surface
mounted fittings or provide details of recessed fittings with fire
rated encasement to match ceiling fire rating.
Check the mechanical services drawings to confirm that all items
of equipment requiring power connection (such as fans, AC
units) are connected. Check that lighting for all plant room(s) has
been documented.
Check hydraulic services drawings to confirm that all items of
equipment requiring power connection (such as HWS’s, pumps)
are connected.
Check that cable and conduit routes are nominated for
concealment in the structure. Check with architectural drawings
to see that this is achievable. For alterations work, check with
architectural that nominated cable routes are possible within the
existing structure or ensure that alternatives (such as skirting
ducts, surface mounted conduits/ducts) are documented/
detailed. Check cable routes for isolated or remote items of
equipment.
Check that external lighting (such as to verandas, covered ways,
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pathways, parking) and external electrical equipment
connections are documented. Check that these match
architectural site and external works/landscaping plans.
Check that light switches located adjacent to door openings are
on the lock side of the door.
Check that items and notes on the electrical services drawings
are consistent with the specification.
Check that plant rooms have appropriate lighting installed to
allow correct and safe maintenance.
Check electrical cable tray routes for clashes with ducts and pipe
work
Electrical discipline designer:
Name:
Date:
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Check that site and/or local authority connection points are
documented for all new service lines including cold/hot/warm
water, fire protection, sewer, gas and stormwater.
Confirm that the capacity of the existing services have been
checked to take increased loads and have certified that all
connections are to local authorities requirements. Confirm the
town water supply has sufficient flow, pressure and disinfectant
residual, and whether additional treatment will be required to
maintain microbial quality throughout the facility.
Check that all hydraulic floor and site plans match architectural
room layouts and civil site details.
Check that all plumbing fixture locations match the architectural
floor and furniture/equipment plans; that locations and details
match fixture schedules on the drawings and/or specification;
and that all fixtures are connected to the required supply and
drainage services.
Check that all plumbing fixtures have the required taps and
fittings scheduled and/or specified.
Ensure that isolation valves and flushing points have been
added to facilitate cleaning.
Check that pressure valves, thermostatic mixing valves and stop
valves are consistently indicated in schedules on the drawings
and/or specification. Check that access to concealed items is
detailed.
TMV’s to be placed as close as possible (preferably within 6 m)
to points of usage. Ensure that TMVs can be easily accessed for
cleaning.
Check that drainage requirements for floor wastes, tundishes
and condensate lines for mechanical services have been
documented.
Check that roof stormwater drainage connections match
architectural floor and roof plans and that external/paving
stormwater connections match architectural, civil and landscape
drawings.
Check that all vent pipes are shown on the architectural roof
plan and elevations.
Check that all required sub-soil drainage (such as to foundation,
basement and retaining walls, planter boxes) and connections to
stormwater drainage system are documented.
Check that all supply and drainage pipe sizes, material types
and grade are noted on the drawings and match the
specification.
Check that all wastes, traps, droppers and drainage pipe runs in
ceilings and/or bulkhead ducts have sufficient room to
accommodate required falls. Check for conflicts against
structural for slab/beam depths; architectural for suspended
ceiling levels/ceiling framing details; mechanical for duct
sizes/locations; and electrical for recessed light fitting depths.
Check that vertical piping is concealed in wall chases, recesses
or ducts on architectural. Check architectural for required
maintenance access panels.
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Check that drainage invert levels are given and falls are
adequate; that pits are located at major junctions and pit details
are scheduled including lid type. Check against architectural,
civil and landscaping for consistency with adjacent surface
types, paving and ground levels.
Check that cold water piping is protected from warm areas
and/or is insulated (note, temperatures should be verified to
remain below 20oC during life of system).
Check that all hydraulic equipment requiring electrical
connection (such as HWS and pumps) are shown on the
electrical services drawings.
Check that gas service has been provided to required kitchen
equipment, mechanical plant. Check for consistency with
architectural furniture/equipment plans and specification
schedules.
Check fire protection sprinkler locations with architectural ceiling
layout for conflict with light fittings, AC registers. Check that all
exposed pipe work is to be painted.
Check that drainage has been provided for fire sprinkler control
valve set.
Check location of hydrants, fire hose reels, pump rooms,
matches architectural. Check testing provision made for
hydraulically least favourable hydrant/hose reel (drain or
operable window).
Check that items and notes on drawings are consistent with the
specification.
Hydraulic discipline designer:
Name:
Date:
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Check that the final issue of drawings matches the drawing index in
the specification.
Check that items indicated in the commercial clauses are included
Check that items referred to in the ‘conditions of tendering’, a
commercial conditions section that are indicated as ‘not forming
part of the contract’ are included elsewhere in the specification, if
required to be part of the work under the contract. Check similarly
that items included in the tender schedules are detailed in the
technical specification sections and/or drawings.
Check that the contract stages/phases are clearly identified and are
consistent with the architectural and other disciplines’ drawings.
Check the specification section by section, item by item, against the
architectural and other disciples’ drawings for consistency in the
indication of all items. Check for discrepancies, omissions and
material that is not relevant to the contract.
Check the schedule of finishes against the specification index and
the architectural and other disciplines drawings for omissions and
consistency in the indication of all items. In particular check for
discrepancies or omissions in room names/reference numbers,
materials/finishes types and any non-applicable items that may
require deletion, with particular reference to finishes indications on
floor and ceiling plans.
Check that all specific cross references to other portions of the
specification or drawings exist and are relevant to the contract.
Check that all non-specific references (such as ‘see architectural
drawings’, ‘see structural’, ‘refer to hydraulic services section’, ‘see
notes’ or ‘work by others’) are eliminated. All cross references
should be specific, i.e. to a particular note or drawing and detail or
specification item. Check that the contract responsibility for all
documented items is clearly specified.
Check door and hardware schedules against the other sections of
the specification and the architectural drawings for consistency in
the indication of all items. In particular check for consistent
indication of room names/reference numbers, door reference
numbers, door types, special requirements (such as doors in
smoke/fire walls, acoustic).
Check all furniture, equipment and fittings/fixtures schedules for
consistent indication of all items against the other sections of the
specification and the architectural and other disciplines’ drawings.
Check that a copy of the development consent, complete with
consent conditions, has been included in the specification
Check that all disciplines have a common requirement for O&M
information and AS BUILT drawings
Designer:
Name:
Date:
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Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 14.
Commissioning, testing and validation of systems
14.1. Introduction
All Queensland Health projects require appropriate commissioning, testing and validation
protocols prior to handover to ensure the building services are satisfactory before handover.
Testing and commissioning shall be fully documented with records entered into handover
documentation.
All installations, irrespective of size, need to be properly commissioned and the following
general principles shall apply.
14.2. Phases of activities
The process of handing-over a facility to Queensland Health shall involve several activities:
1. Planning—the process of commissioning and handover shall be planned from early in the
design. A design which considers the requirements for commissioning and handover will
include necessary elements within specifications and documentation to assist and
facilitate this.
2. Pre-commissioning—prior to commissioning activities commencing, more detailed
planning shall be conducted to schedule out each and every commissioning activity and
test. Key stakeholders shall be involved in this process, including engineers, contractors,
project managers, user representatives and client engineering representatives (i.e.
building, engineering and maintenance staff (BEMS)). Planning shall include:
i.
details of each commissioning element and test, including pass and failure criteria
ii. documentation of dependant tests between services (i.e. between mechanical and
electrical for generator mode operation, between mechanical/electrical and fire for
fire mode operational testing)
iii. integration testing of systems to ensure all interfaces operate as specified and
required
iv. stress testing of elements, systems and facilities
v. contingency for retesting if required.
3. Commissioning—the activities of commissioning by the contractors, with testing by the
consultants at the conclusion of contractor commissioning.
4. Testing and witness validation—verification of the commissioned outcomes via
systematic and randomised testing of the facility/systems by both the consulting
engineers and the client/client representatives such as BEMS. Testing and witness
validation shall be a project hold point. Any failure during this period shall be rectified
fully via complete re-commissioning and testing before the project proceeds.
5. Documentation—all commissioning activities and outcomes shall be fully documented,
as detailed further below. A building users guide shall be provided to assist occupants
and maintenance staff in working within and operating the facility.
6. Handover—provision of the fully commissioned and operational facility to the client. The
process of handover includes the provision of a fully commissioned and operational
facility to the client. It should be noted, however, that the facility may go through
‘handover’ many months prior to the client being ready to occupy the facility. This gap
between handover and occupancy may be termed “Off-Line Pre-Occupancy”.
7. Off-Line Pre-Occupancy – The time period where the facility may have completed
handover from the constructor to the client, but it remains unoccupied by the client.
During this period, there is a risk of microbial water quality degradation within all potable
water systems due to stagnation, which will require active management. Water quality
needs to be maintained during this period by preparing and implementing a systematic
flushing program. Any water treatment systems provided (such as addition of chlorine
residual) need to be operational.
8. Post occupancy support—key requirements include:
i.
rectification of any defects which do not affect operations
ii. provision of the post occupancy survey and review of outcomes
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 73 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition iii.
9.
provision of site maintenance and inspection as specified with project
documentation or statutory requirements
iv. building tuning of plant and systems to achieve optimal operation
v. rectification of any defective items which occur during the defects and liability
period (DLP), also known as the warranty and defects period
vi. provision of breakdown and emergency support as specified
vii. training of client engineering representatives and subsequent refresher training to
ensure that staff are capable of managing a facility at the conclusion of the DLP
viii. full condition assessment at the conclusion of the DLP to confirm all plant and
equipment is in condition commensurate with one year’s operation under
comprehensive maintenance (i.e. as new, but with reasonable wear and tear for
one year of operational life).
Project archiving—the collation of all project documentation (pre-design, design,
construction and post construction) into a project archive and the suitable retention of
this information by Queensland Health for use in future planning, benchmarking and
other activities.
14.3. Planning checklists
The following checklist is applicable to all sizes of installations:
• Has the appointment of a commissioning specialist been considered?
• Can the systems be commissioned in accordance with the specification and the CIBSE
commissioning codes (1–5)?
• Can the installed building services be adequately and safely maintained after handover,
including maintaining water quality between commissioning and “going live”?
• Have validation checks at manufacturer’s works been allowed for on the major plant
items?
• Have checks for the patented and proprietary systems been nominated rather than just
assumed to be working?
• Has sufficient detailed design information been provided, especially in respect of control
regimes, including set-points, system flow rates and plant capacities?
• Is the specification definitive in its content of the commissioning responsibilities and
acceptance criteria and tolerances?
• Is the specification adequately detailed in respect of the protection of plant and equipment
during transportation, installation, commissioning and testing?
• Has a feedback procedure been implemented to recognise and address design problems
that manifest during commissioning and testing in order to prevent repetition on future
projects?
• Has a preliminary commissioning plan and schedule of requirements been outlined in
specification documents?
14.4. Pre-completion checklists
14.4.1. Early construction
During the early phases of construction, once the trade contractors have been appointed and
are established on the project, the following shall be implemented:
• a project commissioning team shall be established to control, review, track and manage
the commissioning activities
• a responsibilities matrix for commissioning and handover shall be created and shall be
maintained regularly as construction and detailed planning progresses
• client representatives shall be invited to attend all commissioning and handover meetings
and planning
• preliminary commissioning plans shall be established by each trade outlining their
activities
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 74 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 14.4.2. During construction
• Commissioning plans shall be reviewed between trades to establish interface points. An
interfaces matrix shall be created and maintained for the remainder of the project.
• The responsibilities matrix shall be reviewed.
• Documentation of any site changes shall be maintained for ALL changes from design
documentation, irrespective of how seemingly small. Issues, such as cable locations in
walls, pipe locations in ceilings, valve access point are information which must be
accurate to minimise future cost of maintenance or alterations.
• Where a trade completes work within an area/floor/facility, as-constructed documentation
shall be provided based on the approved workshop documentation and any site changes
implemented. The contractor shall verify their as-constructed documentation with review
by the consultant and client as/if required.
14.4.3. Two–three months before completion
Approximately two to three months before the scheduled completion date it should be
ensured that:
• Queensland Health is informed of any likelihood of change to the scheduled completion
date
• contractual obligations regarding witnessing of commissioning and testing, failure defect
and deficiency inspections and outstanding items of work (snagging) are clarified
• Queensland Health is made fully aware of its post-handover obligations, including the
need to arrange insurances and contracts for maintenance
• arrangements are made to recruit operation and maintenance personnel as required
• relevant authoritative bodies have been approached to determine any necessary
inspections/approvals, this may include the local authority, the health and safety
committee and the fire authority
• Queensland Health is consulted regarding the format and required procedures for the
handover meeting
• tariffs for the utility supplies have been negotiated and a contract with a meter operator
arranged
• inspection of works commences in accordance with inspection policy and programme.
14.4.4. One month before completion
Approximately one month before the scheduled completion date it should be ensured that:
• if required, an engineer is appointed to assist Queensland Health during the initial period
of occupation
• licences are obtained for the storage of hazardous chemicals
• pre-commissioning cleaning of the water, heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning
systems is carried out
• all water services are flushed and hydrostatically tested according to AS3500
• draft operation and maintenance manual and record drawings are submitted and checked
• ongoing inspections are carried out in accordance with inspection policy
• a schedule of any outstanding work is agreed
• any additional works that are required are arranged
• all necessary statutory examinations have taken place (fire systems, means of escape,
pressure systems and lifts)
• all utility supplies are inspected, approved and signed off
• user demonstrations and training session(s) have taken place, details recorded of those in
attendance and certificates of competence awarded, as appropriate.
14.4.5. One week before completion
Approximately one week before completion it should be ensured that:
• all commissioning work has been completed and witnessed
• the commissioning report(s) and associated information have been issued
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all the required test certificates have been issued
final inspections have been completed as required
water treatment appropriate to the installed services has been carried out
all warranty documentation has been issued
the completed/semi-complete operation and maintenance manuals and record drawings
have been issued and approved
all the required tools, spares, consumables have been assembled and an inventory
provided
waste/surplus materials been removed from the site
workplace health and safety information has been checked and issued
re-lamping, filter changing and cleaning have taken place as required by the specification
the listed outstanding defects have been rectified to acceptable standards
all meter readings and fuel stocks have been recorded
all water services including storage tanks are cleaned and disinfected according to
AS3500
measures are put into place to prevent stagnation
continue water testing in accordance with Guidelines for the Managing Microbial Water
Quality in Health Facilities 2013.
14.5. Commissioning
Commissioning activities shall be detailed for each service as part of design documentation
and as outlined within the CIR. Additional commissioning required shall be performed to
ensure a fully functional, correct and as-specified project is provided at handover.
Refer to detailed requirements for each engineering service as detailed elsewhere.
It is important to not have stagnant water in the water storage and supply systems. The
commissioning and post commissioning phases shall include plans to ensure water
circulation and/or flushing.
14.6. Testing and validation witnessing
Testing and validation witnessing shall be provided to verify the commissioning as provided
by the contractors. The engineer shall undertake such tests as are necessary to satisfy them
that a system has been correctly installed and commissioned suitable for handover.
The Queensland Health representatives may request testing of any system installed to
validate that it has been correctly commissioned to their satisfaction.
Any failures during the testing and validation period shall result in full re-commissioning of
the system, any associated or sub-ordinate systems, plant or equipment and recommissioning of all system integration points.
14.7. Documentation
14.7.1. Design and installation information
Comprehensive documentation to support commissioning and testing activities is of
paramount importance. The records will show that statutory requirements have been met
allowing the building to be certified as safe for occupation.
Commissioning documentation provides a record of the design operation of the
commissioned systems. These records are invaluable in ensuring that the performance of
the system is kept up to standard. Additionally, they provide an essential basis for the logical
adjustment of system performance or for the recommissioning of systems following
modifications or adaptations of the accommodation or its services.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 76 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition For most Queensland Health projects operating and maintenance information will be entered
into the Queensland Health CMMS.
14.7.2. Building users guide
A building users guide (BUG) shall be provided as part of the handover/commissioning
documentation for all projects to enable the building occupants and health facility engineering
personnel to manage the facility in the most appropriate manner.
A BUG is an operational tool that will assist facility officers, project officers and occupants in
the day-to-day operation of their space and will assist in:
• informing staff on facility management practices, security and waste processes. This will
include quality targets for the water supply system, and if applicable, operating
instructions for the water treatment equipment
• informing and motivating staff to embrace a new approach to process and cultural change
within the workplace
• reducing time in development and delivery of fit-outs
• providing more efficient communication between staff, service providers and building
owner thus enhancing service delivery outcomes
• providing support to the relocation/change management process
• providing a higher standard of maintenance by focusing on more effective strategies, such
as compliance and energy efficient provisions in the built environment
• Providing source information for the development of a water quality risk management plan
(WQRMP), which will be one of the first tasks undertaken by the facility
management/operations team.
14.8. Building handover
At practical completion and as a minimum the following tabulated commissioning information
shall be provided:
• main plant performance results
• air and water (flow regulation) results
• specialist plant commissioning/test results
• pipe work and ductwork pressure test certificates
• fire alarm test certificates
• security/CCTV test certificates
• sprinkler/dry riser test and insurance certificates
• check-sheets recording systems interface
• check-sheets recording the commissioning of building management/controls systems
• electrical completion and inspection certificate
• emergency lighting test certificate
• lightning protection test certificate
• test sheets recording the progressive testing of the electrical installation in accordance
with Australian Standard 3000
• statutory authorities’ approvals
• as-built record drawings (indicating location of test points)
• operation and maintenance manuals
• results of water samples for chlorine residual, HPC, and legionella at a representative
number of outlets across the facility in accordance with Guidelines for Managing Microbial
Water Quality in Health Facilities 2013
• measured water temperatures for cold, hot and warm water systems at representative
points throughout the system, including water heaters and storage tanks
• reduction in energy consumption allowing savings that can provide for more efficient
building systems, capital works and fitouts
• provision of a healthy work environment.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 77 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition A BUG will be of greater importance for more significant or more complex facilities where:
• facility managers to understand in detail what they need to do to operate the asset
efficiently and to assist in the identification of further tuning that may be necessary to
continuously improve performance and respond to future changes
• contractors to understand how to service and maintain the particular systems not only for
reliable operations, but also for energy and water efficiency
• occupants to understand any limitations that they must work within to maintain the design
performance
• future effective fit-out/refurbishments streamlining owner approvals for the building to
conform with the Queensland Health and State and Australian Government strategic
energy efficiency policies together with any carbon reduction strategy.
14.9. Off-Line Pre-Occupancy
During the time which the building has been through handover from the constructor to the
client, but remains mostly unoccupied, there is a risk of microbial water quality degradation if
the potable water systems are stagnant. To minimise the risks of microbial growth in the
potable water system, the following practices should be put in place (as per guidance
recommended in the Guidelines for Managing Microbial Water Quality in Health Facilities
2013:
• If provided, operate disinfectant dosing (either manual or automated) of the water system,
to maintain disinfectant residual at distil locations within the facility;
• Regular flushing of taps on all floors, in all buildings should be practiced such that good
disinfectant residual is maintained throughout the potable water system while the building
remains in this phase of occupancy;
• Water quality sampling for HPC bacteria, disinfectant residual, and legionella (and other
organisms if desired) should be conducted;
• Deficiencies should be noted and addressed in the same manner as if the facility was
occupied.
14.10. Post occupancy
14.10.1. Building tuning
The function of commissioning is to set a system into the required mode of operation, as
envisaged by the designer. Fine tuning is the process of adjusting the operation of a
commissioned system to match the actual need of the building occupier more closely. In
certain instances this may include some form of remedial action to mitigate any adverse
operational effects of overdesign.
The design of a building services system is normally based on the interpretation of the
client’s requirements and a series of criteria assessments made by the designer.
Inevitably, the specified parameters against which a system is commissioned do not
generally coincide precisely with the actual operational requirements of the building occupier.
The design provision may either exceed or underestimate the eventual requirements.
In the early stages of building occupation, these imbalances may lead to adjustments to flow
rates in the air and water distribution systems to accommodate the occupier’s requirements.
The need for amendment to the flow rates should be assessed, the revised flow rates
decided, appropriate adjustments made to the system and the actual modified flow rate
measured and recorded. Additionally, the commissioning record documentation should be
amended as necessary and, as with any installation modification; checks made to measure
and record any effect on the remaining fluid distribution in the adjusted system.
Depending on the precise requirements of the occupants, the commissioning carried out to
the original design may need to be readdressed if the final requirements differ from those
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 78 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition envisaged in the initial design. This could justify a separate commissioning process to fine
tune a system to match the occupant’s specific needs.
14.10.2. Ongoing operation
To ensure satisfactory operation of the facility into the future the performance of the
engineering services should be maintained and monitored.
The key elements of a suitable program include:
• regular maintenance testing and recalibration of base building services.
• prompt action in response to performance issues
• monitoring and maintenance of indoor temperature at set summer and winter ranges
• regular HVAC tests for contaminants and removal of contaminants
• offsite storage for all hazardous material, such as paint and cleaning products
• all plant monitored and maintained according to statutory requirements and building
operation and maintenance manuals
• a Water Quality Risk Management Plan (WQRMP) shall be established and the water
supply system monitored to ensure that objectives of the WQRMP are being met.
Furthermore, this WQRMP should be a ‘living’ document that is checked and maintained
regularly in accordance with the Guidelines for Managing Microbial Water Quality in
Healthcare Facilities.
In addition, implement suitable targets for lower energy use and greenhouse gas emissions
by:
• monitoring and reporting of building energy use and greenhouse gas emissions
• conducting energy assessments annually for buildings
• reducing energy use via the use of energy performance contracts and other energy
efficiency projects
• metering of building energy consumption and water use, including cooling towers
• implementing staff educational programs to promote energy conservation.
Energy efficiency measures shall not compromise patient/occupant health care, nor the
provision and/or quality of engineering services.
14.10.3. Post occupancy evaluation
POE can be defined as:
‘the process of evaluating buildings in a systematic and rigorous manner after they
have been built and occupied for some time.’
The POE process is an integral part of the process of facility planning (POFP) within all
health projects. It is to be completed approximately 12 months after handover of the
completed project to the hospital and health services (HHS). The focus of POEs is on
lessons learned and continual improvement such that this feedback will be applied to future
capital projects.
The process for undertaking a post occupancy evaluation is similar for all types and sizes of
capital projects. The need to investigate specific, unusual or more detailed issues may
require some modification to standard methodology. A POE may be used for a range of
purposes. This includes the refinement of technical processes and standards, testing of
service planning assumptions plus the testing and evaluation of investment decisions and
business cases for implemented projects.
The purpose and objectives of each type of POE will determine the format and range of the
data to be collected. The purpose of a particular evaluation will determine the nature of the
data gathered, observation undertaken and questions asked. The emphasis to be given
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 79 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition when analysing the data and reporting of the conclusions and recommendations generated
by the study will also be affected by the purpose of the POE.
Conclusions are drawn in terms of how well the facility or building matches the criteria
established for the POE. Ways to improve building design, performance and fitness for
purpose are identified, documented and ultimately fed into relevant guidelines and policy
documents.
Ultimately this process is intended to improve the delivery and performance of future health
facility capital projects.
14.11. Project archiving
The following data should be established for each project (all material from the project
consultant teams to be submitted by project practical completion) as required by Queensland
Health and forwarded to the Queensland Health representative. Deliverables (indicated party
responsible noted below) should be forwarded progressively and include:
• original business case (Queensland Health and/or project director)
• clinical service plan (Queensland Health and/or project director)
• project feasibility plan (Queensland Health and/or project director)
• service procurement plan (final and all major drafts) (Queensland Health and/or project
director)
• project delivery plan including all appendices (final and all major drafts) (Queensland
Health and/or project director)
• room data sheets (architect)
• construction plans (architect and engineers)
• As built plans (engineers)
• schedules of accommodation (architect)
• equipment and furniture, fittings and equipment (FF&E) schedules baselined at
SPP/PDP/design milestones (architect)
• project cost reporting documentation (Quantity Surveyor)
• project managers (PM) reports)
• activity data—projected and actual (Queensland Health and/or project director)
• recurrent costing information—projected and actual (Queensland Health and/or project
director)
• commissioning documentation/results and building users guide (engineers)
• results of sampling and testing on the water system
• functionality, safety and efficiency report (engineers and Queensland Health)
• lessons learnt reports (Queensland Health and/or project director).
Part of the POE process will be a specific workshop where the quantity surveyor (QS) who
participated in preparing the FFE budget participates in a review to cross reference original
budget estimates against actual to improve the accuracy of future estimates.
Completed POE reports will be evaluated by Queensland Health for ways of improving
current practices relating to the delivery and performance of future health facility capital
projects.
They will be stored electronically for future reference by project managers as well as being
used to inform revisions of the CIR.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 80 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 15.
Asset management and facilities management
15.1. Introduction
In managing the building assets Queensland Health seeks to:
• provide continuous improvement in asset planning, maintenance procedures and risk
management
• ensure government buildings are adequately maintained
• ensure the risks to government are well managed
• ensure government has pertinent information for monitoring the maintenance, condition
and performance of health buildings at a whole-of-government level
• ensure there is sufficient operational information to perform maintenance, including the
ability to review policies and strategies, analyse life-cycle costs, assess environmental
impact, plan for replacements and upgrades and improve the efficiency and effectiveness
of maintenance.
15.2. Objectives
Maintenance of health buildings must:
• meet service delivery expectations (including a focus on the impact of the condition of the
building on service delivery and risk)
• minimise whole-of-life costs of the building
• make the best use of maintenance resources
• facilitate maintaining relevant and up to date building information.
Key outcomes to be achieved from undertaking maintenance include:
• the functional and operational needs are realised
• the physical condition of the building is kept up to a standard appropriate for the service
function and value to the health facility
• all statutory and technical requirements to ensure health, safety, security and reliability are
met.
15.3. Best practice
Best practice maintenance policy indicates that the physical assets of the health facility will
be maintained so as to deliver their maximum service potential at a standard which meets
the following priority of requirements:
• all legislative requirements for operation and maintenance including workplace health and
safety and environmental legislation
• legislative requirements will include the development of a water quality risk management
plan (WQRMP)
• all programmed preventive maintenance as specified by manufacturers to ensure safe
and effective operation
• corrective maintenance required as a result of breakdown
• preventive maintenance required to minimise the occurrence of failure of service in critical
user areas
• corrective maintenance arising out of condition-based assessment to prevent further
deterioration
• any deferred and backlog maintenance which accrues.
The standard and frequency of maintenance will be such as to optimise life-cycle costs for
the assets. Performance should be measured against best practice and be reviewed
regularly for improvement.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 81 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 15.4. Maintenance
Planned maintenance is planned work at predetermined intervals to meet statutory, health
and safety, technical or operational reliability considerations and to preserve the asset and
prolong its economic life.
• Planned maintenance consists of preventative, statutory and condition-based
maintenance.
• Preventative maintenance may be applied to building structures, building fabric, services
and site improvements but is predominantly used for maintenance of building services.
When preparing their maintenance strategy, health facilities will be aware of the benefits
of preventative maintenance practices which minimise the likelihood of building asset
failures, health and safety issues and disruptions to service delivery.
• Statutory maintenance is maintenance to meet requirements mandated in acts,
regulations and other statutory instruments.
• Condition-based maintenance is work driven by a condition assessment or inspection
process. The maintenance work is carried out because the physical condition of a building
structure, building fabric, service or site improvement is below acceptable standards.
• Unplanned (often referred to as reactive) maintenance occurs when failure of a building
component requires immediate attention. It is usually limited to rectification for health,
safety or security reasons.
It is usual for 12 months operational maintenance to be specified in building (and associated
services) contracts to align with warranty and defects liability periods.
15.5. Asset management system
15.5.1. Introduction
Queensland Health has adopted a computerised maintenance management system referred
to as CMMS.
CMMS enables the achievement of standardised asset management and maintenance
practices across all facilities and HHSs. One cornerstone of standardisation has been the
development of a number of standard data sets, such as:
• classifications for equipment and facilities
• master equipment item codes
• master codes for the identification of HHSs and facilities
• master point names
• master measure points
• master maintenance operations
• master job plans
• master PMs.
The collection and provision of this information forms part of the deliverables of Queensland
Health Capital Works Projects.
15.5.2. Requirements
An operational asset management and maintenance system is required at practical
completion of each works package or project to enable and ensure the efficient operation
and maintenance of both the existing assets and assets contained, created and/or acquired
under the contract.
The contractor will comply with the requirements of health asset management system
(Queensland Health AMS) in providing asset management information.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 82 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition All asset management information provided by the contractor and consultants,
subcontractors and suppliers will be in a format that is compliant with the requirements of the
Queensland Health AMS.
The collection, verification and provision of all asset management information as described in
this subsection will be part of the work and services in the management items.
The contractor, its subcontractors and suppliers will use the Queensland Health asset
management system and its operating systems to program and record all maintenance work
undertaken before and during the period after completion under the subcontracts.
The scope of asset management and maintenance will include as a minimum:
• supply of asset, maintenance and related data in a format to meet Queensland Health
requirements for transfer to the Queensland Health AMS
• supply of certain spatial information to meet Queensland Health requirements for
transfer to the Queensland Health AMS
• as built drawings in electronic format to meet Queensland Health requirements
• provision of operations and maintenance manuals in hard copy formats as required
• to assist with implementation of asset management, training, Queensland Health.
The BEMS team to use the system during the defects liability period to record and manage
all maintenance and defect works.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 83 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Appendix A
Requirements for design reports and checklists
This appendix should be read in conjunction with CIR, Volume 4, Sections 1 and 2,
Engineering and infrastructure principles and manual.
This appendix includes requirements to be provided for design reports, guidelines on
information to be submitted and design checklists. Provision of design information in
accordance with the following sections will assist Queensland Health provide consistent
assessment of engineering services requirements, a consistent approach to design and
planning and the ability to extract and benchmark between projects.
The requirements for reports and checklists are not exhaustive and should be relied upon as
minimum requirements only. Designers shall provide all and any necessary information to
support the design and development of health services engineering as appropriate for the
facility or project.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 84 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.
Mechanical services
1.1.
Project definition plan
1.1.1.
Introduction
The project definition plan is intended to provide an understanding of the fundamental
planning decisions taken to date and the basis of those decisions. The report requires
designers to justify their decisions and to report on capital and recurrent costs in a consistent
format to allow comparison with other projects. The report aims to ensure that site specific
services requirements are identified and appropriate allowances made in the cost plan at
project definition.
1.1.2.
Plan content
The plan shall contain at least the information described below, plus any other deemed
necessary by the project director, Queensland Health or relevant project committees.
1.1.3.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Design conditions
Outside design conditions.
Summer: [ ] Centigrade dry bulb
[ ] Centigrade wet bulb
Winter:
[ ] Centigrade dry bulb
It is expected that the source will be AIRAH-ACS Design Aid DA9A.
Inside conditions.
Areas, summer, winter source of design conditions.
Covered, centigrade, %RH, centigrade dry bulb dry bulb.
Insert design conditions used in air conditioning and hearing load calculations. Where
different conditions have been used for different parts of the project, nominate these against
respective areas of departments. Where they are user nominated or to meet an equipment
supplier’s specification, this is to be noted.
1.1.4.
Schedule of areas
A general description of the ‘type of system’ is required, such as ‘air conditioned’, ‘natural
ventilation’ and ‘tempered’ for each area.
1.1.5.
Report on exceptions from CIR
List those aspects of the proposed scheme which do not conform to the Queensland Health
CIR together with the nature of the departure and reason for departing from the CIR.
1.1.6.
Air conditioning
Describe what measures have been taken to minimise air conditioned areas (if appropriate),
what energy recovery and conservation measures have been used, what passive cooling
measures have been considered and why it is not considered feasible to provide satisfactory
conditions without air conditioning.
1.1.7.
Capital cost estimate
Provide a cost against each item on the list included in the design proposal. An estimate of
the forecast capital cost shall be submitted in accordance with the following schedule as
applicable.
These estimates are to be prepared for each relevant component on a current rate basis
expressed as a lump sum.
Mechanical services
M1.0 Equipment
M2.0 Ductwork
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 85 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition M3.0 Pipe work and valves
M4.0 Insulation
M5.0 Electrical and controls
M6.0 Building management systems
M7.0 Testing, commissioning, as installed drawings, manuals, maintenance and defects
liability
M8.0 Special equipment
M9.0 Medical gases
TOTAL (elements M1.0 to M9.0)
$_______
1.1.8.
Value adding strategies
Provide a schedule of design decisions taken that show an innovative approach to reducing
both capital and operating costs of the proposed systems.
List the value-adding strategies adopted, such as shared reticulation, plant space, waste
heat scavenging, a description and the benefit.
1.2.
Schematic design report
1.2.1.
Introduction
The schematic design report is intended to provide an understanding of design decisions
taken to date and the basis of those decisions. The report requires designers to justify their
decisions and to report on capital and recurrent costs in a consistent format, to allow
comparison with other projects. The report aims to endure that site specific services
requirement are identified and appropriate allowances made in the cost plan at scheme.
These notes set out a format to be used for the consistent presentation of mechanical
systems in the schematic design report. They are intended to assist engineers in completing
the relevant parts of the scheme design report and also to serve as a reference for readers of
the report in interpreting its contents.
1.2.2.
Report content
The report shall contain at least the schedules, reports, drawings and calculations described
below, plus any other deemed necessary by the project director, Queensland Health or
relevant project committees.
1.2.3.
Drawings
For submission, schedule the drawings, including name, number, scale and date.
Submit drawings at an appropriate scale to show:
• preferred location of plant rooms, major duct areas, major risers, roof mounted plant and
cooling towers
• preferred clear services reticulation dimensions for floor and ceiling spaces
• plant schematic designs for air and water systems
• single line duct drawings for air handling plants showing proposed zoning
• plant room layouts showing principal items of plant in block form
• other drawings of appropriate scale and detail to adequately describe the extent and
configuration of the proposed mechanical systems.
1.2.4.
Discrepancies
Describe any instances where the optimum design has not been achieved due to constraints
imposed by the planning, building form, site.
Explain the differences between preferred and proposed dimensions and layouts for items
noted previously.
Describe the consequences and capital and operating costs of these differences.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 86 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.2.5.
Areas
covered
Inside design conditions
Summer centigrade dry
bulb % RH
Winter centigrade
dry bulb
Source of design
conditions
Provide design conditions used in air conditioning and hearing load calculations. Where
different conditions have been used for different parts of the project nominate these against
respective areas of departments. Where they are user nominated or to meet an equipment
supplier’s specification this is to be noted.
1.2.6.
Load calculations
• Software employed: provide name of load estimation software used. Refer to guideline for
approved software.
• Glazing system description: briefly describe the glazing system used for load calculations.
This should include type of glass, coating (if any) and any internal shading assumed,
where more than one type is used to nominate the respective areas.
• Shade coefficient, U value: ( ) W/m2K
• Provide shade coefficient and U values for the combined glazing and shading systems.
Wall system description: briefly describe the wall construction used for load calculations,
where more than one wall type is used to nominate the respective areas. Provide overall
heat transfer coefficient (U value) for each type.
• Wall system description, U value: () W/m2K for each wall system
• Roof system description, U value: ( ) W/m2K as for wall system
• Floor system description, U value: ( ) W/m2K as for wall system
1.2.7.
Proposed air handling systems
Use this to outline the proposed air handling systems, including hearing only systems and
evaporative cooling.
This is a sample page only. Provide additional pages to cover all systems. Use multiple
columns per page if desired.
• Plant number: provide a unique identifying number for each.
• Location of plant: location of air handling plant such as ‘Plant room no. 1’.
• Air handling system type: describe the type of air handling system, such as ‘multizone’,
‘heating only constant volume’.
• Cooling source, such as chilled water, evaporative cooler, none.
• Heating source: type of heat source, such as LTHW, reserve cycle.
• Names of areas served: names of areas or departments served by this plan.
• Guideline category: category of area served in accordance with guideline.
• Hours of operation: normal hours of operation such as 8 am to 6 pm, Monday to Friday.
• Cooling capacity kW (R): total cooling capacity of the individual plant (if applicable).
• Heating capacity kW: total heating capacity of the individual plant.
• Supply air L/s: total supply air quantity of the individual plan.
• Floor area m2: net conditioned and/or heated.
• Cooling W/m2: based on cooling capacity and net area above (if applicable).
• Heating W/m2: based on heating capacity of the individual plant and net area above.
• Supply air L/d/m2: based on supply air and net area above for the individual plant.
• Type of smoke control: type of smoke control system (if any) to BCA or System Australian
Standard 1668, Part 1.
1.2.8.
Central plant
• Cooling plant.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 87 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • Description of plant: describe the overall plant configuration, such as Two 500 kW
reciprocating chillers with two fibreglass towers, two chilled water pumps, two condenser
water pumps provided in a duty/duty configuration.
• Locations: location of central plant, such as roof plant room.
• Total load: kW Combined cooling capacity of the plant, including diversity allowance.
• Average load kW/m2: Total load above divided area served.
• Total installed capacity: kW combined capacity of all central chilling plants.
• Detail any standby plant: Provide here details if any duplicate plant and why duplication
provisions are provided, such as duplicate chilled and condenser water pumps, duplicate
condenser water circuits provided to meet availability criteria.
• Heating plant.
• Refer to cooling plant above.
• Description of plant.
• Locations.
• Energy source.
• Total load Kw.
• Average load Kw.
• Detail any standby plant or duplication provisions.
1.2.9.
Exhaust systems
Provide details of proposed exhaust systems. Those provided meeting Australian Standard
1668, Part 2 requirements can be covered by a general note, such as toilet exhaust, kitchen
exhaust, dirty utility, car park ventilation comply with Australian Standard 1668, Part 2.
Other exhaust systems should be listed individually and described as below:
• area served
• system name
• description.
1.2.10. Medical gas systems
•
•
•
•
•
•
Extent of medical gas systems.
Insert the number of each type of medical gas outlet and the source of the gas.
Gas, number of outlets, source.
Description of central medical gas plant and storage.
Describe the source in detail. Include the location for each.
Central plant: number and capacity of central compressors and vacuum pumps together
with calculated maximum demand.
• Manifold storage: number and size of cylinders, manifold arrangements.
• Bulk storage: size of bulk storage and stand by facilities. State whether leased or not.
1.2.11. Descriptions of other systems
For each item of plant, equipment (not already reported upon) provide:
• a brief description of the chosen system, component or item
• reasons for the choice made
• positive and negative aspects of the preferred system.
1.2.12. Report on exceptions from CIR
• Guideline reference:
• Departure:
• Reason:
List those aspects of the proposed scheme which do not conform to these guidelines
together with the nature of the departure and reason for departing from the guidelines.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 88 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.2.13. Capital cost estimate
Provide a cost of against each item on the following list as included in the design proposal.
An estimate of the forecast capital cost shall be submitted in accordance with the following
schedule as applicable.
These estimates are to be prepared for each relevant component on a current rate basis
expressed as a lump sum.
Mechanical services
M1.0 Equipment
M1.1 Chillers
M1.2 Boilers
M1.3 Cooling towers
M1.4 Heat exchanges
M1.5 Pumps
M1.6 Factory made air handling units
M1.7 Evaporative coolers
M1.8 Process (computer) air conditioning unit
M1.9 Packaged DX air conditioning units
M1.10 Room fan coil units
M1.11 Radiators and fan convectors
M1.12 Centrifugal fans
M1.13 Axial flow fans
M1.14 Roof mounted fans
M1.15 Electric duct mounted heaters
M1.16 Sounds attenuators
M1.17 Humidifiers
M1.18 VAV boxes
M1.19 Air filters
M1.20 Kitchen hoods
M1.21 Other items not included above.
M2.0 Ductwork
M2.1 Ductwork
M2.2 Air diffusers and grilles
M2.3 Fire dampers
M2.4 Sheet medal enclosures for built-up air handling units excluding equipment.
M3.0 Pipe work and valves
M3.1 Pipe work and valves
M3.2 Cooling and water coils
M3.3 Water treatment
Sub total (Elements M1.0 to M3.3) $_______
M4.0 Insulation
M4.1 Insulation.
M5.0 Electrical and controls
M5.1 Electrical work
M5.2 Automatic controls.
M6.0 Building management systems
M6.1 Building management systems.
M7.0 Testing, commissioning, as installed drawings, manuals, maintenance and defects
liability
M7.1 Testing, commissioning, as installed drawings, manuals, maintenance and defects
liability.
M8.0 Special equipment
M8.1 Medical gas pendants
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 89 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition M8.2 Fume cupboards
M8.3 Laminar flow benches
M8.4 Cytotoxic cabinets
M8.5 Steam generators
M8.6 Cool rooms
M8.7 Mortuary table
M8.8 Mortuary cabinets (refrigerated)
M8.9 Ice making machines
M8.10 Audiometric booth
M8.11 Laundry equipment
• Washers
• Dryers
• Irons
• Presses
M8.12 Dental equipment
M8.13 Dental wet vacuum system
M8.14 Refrigerated drinking fountains
M8.15 Paint spray booth
M8.16 Fume cupboards
M8.17 Biological safety cabinets
M8.18 Cytotoxic cabinets
M8.19 Laminar flow benches
M8.20 CSSD equipment
• Sterilisers
• Anaesthetic washer/decontaminator
M8.21 Other items not included above.
M9.0 Medical gases
M9.1 Medical vacuum
M9.2 Medical oxygen
M9.3 Medical air
M9.4 Other medical gasses (Itemise).
Sub total (elements M4.0 to M9.0) $_______
Mechanical services capital cost estimate
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 90 $_______
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.2.14. Value adding strategies
Provide a schedule of design decisions taken that show an innovative approach to both
capital and operating costs of the proposed systems.
List here value-adding strategies adopted, such as shared reticulation, plant space and
waste heat scavenging.
1.2.15. Recurrent energy cost estimate
Complete the recurrent costs table to provide information for the client to assess this
component of the health facility’s operating budget.
A schedule of energy usage and costs shall be submitted in the following form. It is to include
the total annual energy cost of the entire installation. Energy costs from various sources shall
be expressed in terms of the respective published tariffs or contract rates (‘units’ in the table
below) and converted to a common base of MJ for expression of annual energy consumption
index.
‘Net cost of energy’ in the table below is to include all associated costs (such as delivery,
lease of storage facilities) and be expressed in terms of the units in which the energy form is
metered or charged.
Table 11: Mechanical energy sources
Annual consumption
Energy
source
Units
Quantity
Equivalent Gj
Net cost
of energy
Annual
energy
cost
Energy
consumption
index
$/MJ
$
MJ/m2
Ener
gy
cost
index
$/2
Electricity
Coal
Natural
Gas
LPG
Oil
Total
Where the above is based on a ‘special rate’ attach written confirmation from supplier to the
report.
Express annual consumption of each energy source in units used by supplier (such as
electricity in KWH) then convert in succeeding columns to a common base of megajoules
(MJ).
1.2.16. Life cycle costing
Provide a detailed life cycle costing for all major plant elements:
• description
• software used, nominate software used
• source of climatic data, such as ‘supplied with software’ or ‘calculated in accordance with
building energy manual’
• source of load profiles: normally these will be the profiles included in the guidelines but
where users have nominated particular requirements these are to be noted for the
respective department or area
• description of systems analysed using life cycles costing techniques
• provide detailed descriptions of each of the alternative air handling systems analysed,
such as variable air volume with packaged air handling unit, variable speed fans, chilled
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 91 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition •
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
ƒ
and heating water coils, hot water VAV reheat boxes for perimeter zones and fan bypass
VAV boxes for centre zones’
central plant systems
provide detailed descriptions of each central plant option such as chilled water, two 1200
kW screw chillers, one heat recovery type (55ºC water) plus one 500kW reciprocating low
load chiller. Separate condenser water circuits for each primary and secondary chilled
water circuits with duplicate pumps on secondary circuit and one primary pump per chiller.
Heat recovery via plate heat exchanger to LTHW circuit. One cooling tower per chiller.
‘Heating water’ packaged hot water boilers at 85ºC with primary/secondary circuits and
heat recovery from plate heat exchanger. One primary pump per boiler, duplicate
secondary pumps
air handling system
provide results of life cycle costing carried out in accordance with the guidelines. It is
intended that all categories will be completed even if ‘N/A’ (Not applicable) is nominated
details of calculation methodology
economic life in accordance with guidelines
costing period, 30 years
capital cost, cost of the system described in the preceding section. This is to include all
associated costs, including provision of plant room, electrical supply and the like they vary
between options
salvage cost, refer to guideline
interest rate, refer to guideline
inflation rates
gas and electricity rates: provide rates based on suppliers published tariffs. If other energy
sources are proposed (such as cost, oil) insert respective data
gas and electricity usage, calculated data from the output of approved energy modelling
software
maintenance, estimated average annual cost of maintenance including all labour and
replacement parts and replacement materials
operator costs, cost of plant operator if required on a regular basis. Normally nil for air
handling systems
outcomes
present worth, results of calculations
life cycle costing
options, option 1, option 2, option 3
data
economic life (years)
costing period (years)
capital cost ($)
salvage value ($)
interest rate (%pa)
inflation rate (%pa)
gas escalation rate (%pa)
electric escalation rate (%pa)
gas cost (c/MJ)
electricity demand cost ($/kVA)
electricity peak (c/kWh)
electricity shoulder (c/kWh)
electricity cost off peak (c/kWh)
gas use (MJ/year)
electricity demand (kVA/year)*
electricity use peak (kWh/year)
electricity use shoulder (kWh/year)
electricity use off peak (kWh/year)
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 92 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition ƒ maintenance ($/year)
ƒ operator costs ($/year)
• present worth calculation
ƒ fire cost
ƒ number of times renewed
ƒ renewal costs (if applicable)
ƒ salvage value
ƒ gas energy cost
ƒ electric demand cost
ƒ electric energy cost peak
ƒ electric energy cost shoulder
ƒ energy cost off peak
ƒ maintenance cost
• present worth.
1.3.
Design checklists
The following checklists are to assist designers in providing necessary input to Queensland
Health throughout the design process. The checklists are not exhaustive and additional
checks, design and reporting may be required. The designer shall apply professional
judgement regarding additional information to be provided.
All checklists shall be completed by the designers and be included in quality assurance
procedures. Checklists shall be submitted at each appropriate design phase.
1.3.1.
Schematic design
Project:
Job no:
Document(s) reviewed:
By:
Item
no.
Mechanical services review checklist items
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the project brief.
Review the strategy for fire safety (such as compartmentation,
location of fire lifts, parameters for fire detection and suppression
systems) and impact on mechanical services.
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of services.
Update recommendations to Queensland Health for their
development of an operating and maintenance strategy.
Carry out initial overall spatial coordination.
Provide information for room data sheets, where these are used
Undertake checks in relation to BCA, Part J compliance and (if
relevant) NABERS and Green Star criteria.
Review proposals from others in relation to Part J compliance and
(if relevant) NABERS and Green Star criteria.
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from
a specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and provide advice
on the timing of their appointment.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This
may involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal
capacities of plant, the range of operating duties anticipated and
consideration of the requirements for submitting samples and
prototypes.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints incorporated in the
main design that may affect the specialist design.
Obtain indicative quotations for plant not requiring specialist
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 93 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Job no:
Document(s) reviewed:
By:
Item
no.
Mechanical services review checklist items
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
design.
Determine parameters of flues to incorporate the requirements of
the plant manufacturer, building control, environmental health
officer and current legislation such as the EP&A Act.
Undertake consultation with Queensland Health stakeholders
concerning any risk management/OH&S issues
Mechanical design
Where required undertake dynamic thermal simulation studies in
the development of energy strategies for the fabric and engineering
services as required to support the design and obtain quantitative
feedback—typically 3D modelling.
Where required undertake computational fluid dynamics studies as
part of a detailed evaluation for the particular stated aspects of the
building services design. (State particular requirements for the
project, such as air movement in specific areas, smoke clearance,
effectiveness of air movement for natural ventilation).
Calculate zoned heat gains and losses based on fabric information,
using approximate methods.
Determine main duct and pipe routes around floors to and from
risers.
Calculate room loads using approximate methods.
Determine approximate duct sizes, pipe sizes, terminal sizes and
locations, valve sizes and locations, fan sizes, pump sizes,
locations and sizes of ancillary equipment (such as pressurisation
units and attenuators).
Determine parameters of flues to incorporate the requirements of
the plant manufacturer, building control, environmental health
officer and current legislation such as the EP&A Act.
Design review
Commissioning
Review commissioning requirements.
Deliverables
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the
technical design report.
Prepare or revise risk assessments of the design including an
Indoor Air Quality Risk Management Plan for infection control,
which considers risks from aerosols and other airborne
contaminants
Prepare an initial schedule of cast-in/formed builders work
openings that are structurally significant.
Provide information for detailed whole-life cost studies
Prepare a refined cost plan for building services.
Prepare detailed schematic drawings
Prepare technical design drawings to convey spatial allocations in
risers and floor/ceiling voids.
Sign-off the technical design report.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 94 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.3.2.
Design development
Project:
Job no:
Document(s) reviewed:
By:
Item
no.
Mechanical services review checklist items
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Negotiate with public and other utility authorities for the
provision of incoming services and agree spatial requirements.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the design
philosophies.
Review design against BCA, NABERS and Green Star targets
(if relevant).
Carry out calculations in relation to any energy-related planning
conditions and advise team of implications to overall design.
Mechanical design
Propose primary design criteria for mechanical systems.
Update schematic design with developed detail
Establish indicative plant and riser sizes for mechanical
systems and plant room locations/sizes.
Deliverables
Prepare drawings for preferred design.
Update schematic drawings.
Provide programme advice on design and construction issues.
Prepare energy statement for planning submission, based on
agreed energy strategy.
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the
design development report.
Sign-off the design development report.
Prepare performance specifications if required by procurement
strategy.
1.3.3.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 95 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 1.3.4.
Contract documentation
Project:
Job no:
Document(s) reviewed:
By:
Item
no.
Mechanical services review checklist items
Review rate:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health liaison
Advise on an appropriate method of procuring maintenance
expertise.
Define the scope and content of operating and maintenance
manuals appropriate for the project.
Define the requirement for record drawings.
Specify form of delivery and the method of production of record
drawings.
Define what level of documentation, commissioning results and
other information must be available prior to practical completion
and handover (take into account possible implications of phased
handover and partial possession).
Prepare method statement (prior to commencement of works) for
the maintenance of existing services.
Team liaison
Check the provision for and adequacy of the preliminary builders
work information previously issued by others.
Confirm builders’ work information for specified equipment or
materials, or where alternatives to those provisionally or preselected are agreed.
Coordinate requirements for access platforms, stairs, rails and
protection elements required for future maintenance and operation
of mechanical plant/equipment.
Detail fire stopping requirements.
Design weatherproofing details for all services passing through
external elements of the building.
Detail all acoustic stopping for services penetrating builders work
elements.
Carry out spatial coordination associated with major spaces: plant
rooms, risers, depths of ceiling and floor voids.
Consider requirements for cable pulling (routes and anchor points).
Carry out final detailed spatial coordination between the building
services and the structure/architecture.
Mechanical design
Carry out final detailed design calculations for all remaining
services in accordance with recognised national standards.
Determine detailed flue and pipe sizes and routes.
Carry out detailed design of pipe work for mechanical drainage and
condensate runs. Coordinate with hydraulic services as
appropriate.
Carry out detailed design of anchors, guides and other provision
for movement of services and systems due to thermal expansion
and contraction and building movement.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be
required as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Check fan and pump system resistances based on the final
equipment selection and coordinated installation drawings.
Check system water capacities and requirements for chemical
treatment based on the final equipment selection and coordinated
installation drawings.
Size, select and determine final locations of commissioning sets
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based on the final equipment selection and coordinated installation
drawings.
Specify final location of access panels.
Carry out final detailing of drain and vent points.
Carry out final selection of all terminal devices.
Carry out final selection of systems pressurisation units and
expansion vessels based on the final equipment selection and
coordinated working drawings.
Detailed design of refrigerant systems
Carry out final sizing of sections of ductwork between terminal
units and diffusers to ensure the specified acoustic criteria and
duct velocities.
Select and confirm location of control dampers and control valves
to achieve the specified function and to suit the characteristics of
items served and final system configurations as based on the final
equipment selection and coordinated installation drawings.
Carry out final detailing and confirm the location and sizes of duct
connections to external louvres.
Carry out final selection of control valves to suit pipe work and
authority of controls based on final installation drawings.
Carry out final selection of all anti-vibration mountings.
Design review
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential
components and features necessary to enable the proper
preparation and commissioning of building services.
Review all designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Deliverables
Prepare detailed design drawings.
Advise builders work requirements for mechanical services
Produce materials and workmanship specifications.
Produce equipment schedules.
Review that all plant and equipment incorporated into the works
can be safely maintained in compliance with current legislation.
Provide information necessary to obtain statutory approvals.
Update services cost plan.
Prepare detailed specifications.
Sign off detailed specifications.
Prepare final coordinated reflected ceiling plans based on latest
architectural information for all components.
Prepare schedules to cross-reference cables to containment
systems.
Produce a commissioning specification.
Evaluate and report upon the specialist designer’s proposals within
the main contract.
Prepare a report in consideration of any alternative plant,
equipment and component selections.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 97 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2.
Electrical services
2.1.
Schematic design report
2.1.1.
Introduction
The schematic design report is intended to provide an understanding of design decisions
taken to date and the basis of those decisions. The report requires designers to justify their
decisions and to report on capital and recurrent costs in a consistent format to allow
comparison with other projects.
The report aims to ensure that site specific services requirements are identified and
appropriate allowances made in the cost plan at schematic design stage.
2.1.2.
Report content
The report shall contain at least the schedules, reports, drawings, calculations and analyses
described below, plus any other deemed necessary by the project director, Queensland
Health or relevant project committees.
2.1.3.
Drawings
Submit drawings at a scale no less than 1:200 showing:
• preferred location of substation, switchboard, emergency generator, mains entry to site,
risers*
• proposed location of substation, switchboard, emergency generator, mains entry to site,
risers*
• preferred ceiling and sub-floor reticulation space dimensions*
• proposed ceiling and sub-floor reticulation space dimensions*
• drawings at suitable scale to show:
− preferred location of major plant items
− power distribution single line diagram
− HV (high voltage) power supply arrangement
− standby generator power distribution single line diagram
− security alarm systems schematic diagram
− lightning protection system schematic diagram
− external electrical services layout diagram.
• any other drawings necessary to demonstrate the proposed extent and configuration of
the proposed electrical systems.
2.1.4.
Discrepancies
Explain the reasons for differences between preferred and proposed dimensions and layouts
in items marked * above.
Describe the consequences and costs of these differences.
2.1.5.
Electricity supply and demand
Provide details of:
• Peak maximum demand
KVA
• Lowest maximum demand
kVA
• Average maximum demand
YES/NO
• New substation required
kVA
• New substation capacity
kVA
• Spare capacity included
kVA
• Spare space for additional transformer(s) YES/NO
• Ultimate fully fitted substation capacity kVA
• Power factor correction equipment included
kvar
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 98 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2.1.6.
Standby power requirements
Provide details of:
• Total assessed requirement
• Spare capacity included
• No. of generating sets
• Heat banks for testing included
• No. of heat banks
• Diesel storage capacity
2.1.7.
Energy consumption estimates
Provide details of:
• Peak period
• Shoulder period
• Off period
• Recommended Tariff
2.1.8.
kVA
kVA
kVA
YES/NO
kVA
FULL LOADED HOURS
kWh PER ANNUM
kWh PER ANNUM
kWh PER ANNUM
kWh PER ANNUM
Power distribution system
Brief description of power distribution system (Also refer to single line diagram).
Brief description of standby power distribution system (Also refer to single line diagram).
Provide the following detail of every submain proposed to be installed.
Submain description:
• Group A, B or C.
• Normal/generator supply.
• Full load capacity.
• Spare capacity included (kVA).
• Wiring system rating.
• Voltage drop at full load (%).
2.1.9.
Wiring systems for patient treatment
List area proposed to be body protected by department room/location.
List areas proposed to be cardiac protected by department room/lLocation.
2.1.10. Lightning protection system
Details of proposed lightning protection system.
2.1.11. Lighting system
Describe briefly the lighting proposals.
2.1.12. Descriptions of other systems
For any system not already analysed provide:
• a brief description of the chosen systems
• reasons for the choice made
• positive and negative aspects of this choice.
2.1.13. Exceptions from CIR
List those aspects of the proposed scheme which do not conform to the CIR together with
the nature of the departure and reason for departure.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 99 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2.1.14. Capital cost estimate
An estimate of the forecast capital cost shall be submitted in accordance with the following
schedule as applicable.
These estimates are to be prepared for each relevant component on a current rate basis
expressed as a lump sum.
Electrical services
E1
Power distribution equipment
i)
Main switchboards
ii)
Distribution boards
E2
Mains and sub mains
i)
Consumer mains installation
ii)
Sub-mains
E3
Interior lighting
E4
General purpose power outlets and wiring
E5
Cable trays, conduits, floor ducts and skirting ducts
E6
Emergency lighting and exit signs
E7
Stand by generator
E8
UPS system
E9
Cardiac and body protection power provision
E10 Clocks
E11 Signage
E12 Power factor correction installation complete
E13 Testing, commissioning, as installed drawings and manuals, maintenance and
defects liability
E14 High voltage Installation complete
E15 Lightning protection system
E16 Security alarm, access control and CCTV surveillance system
E17 Exterior and car park lighting
E18 External sub-mains and mains installation including associated works
Subtotal (Elements E1 - E18) $_______
Special Equipment
• Operating theatre lights
• Examination lights (mobile and fixed)
• Hand dryers
• X-ray view boxes and multi-plans viewing machines
• Clocks (battery operated type)
• Ultra violet room lights
• UV insect destructors
• Metal detectors
• Centralised dictation system
• Illuminated directory/display signs
• Other items not included above.
Subtotal (Special equipment)
$_______
Electrical services capital cost estimate
$_______
2.1.15. Recurrent cost estimate
A schedule of annual energy usage and costs shall be submitted in the following form. It is to
include the total annual energy cost of the entire electrical installation.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 100 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition A schedule of annual energy usage and costs shall be submitted in the following form. It is to
include the total annual energy cost of the entire electrical installation.
Energy
source
Annual
consumption
Net cost of
energy
Gj
CENTS/MJ
kWh
Annual
energy
cost
$
Energy
consumption
index
MJ/SQM
Energy
cost
index
$/M2
Electricity
Diesel
Total
2.1.16.
2.1.17. Value adding strategies
Provide a description of design decisions taken that show an innovative approach to
reducing both capital and operating costs of the proposed systems.
List here value-adding strategies adopted, such as shared reticulation, plant space, waste
heat scavenging.
•
•
Description:
Benefit:
2.2.
Design checklists
The following checklists are to assist designers in providing necessary input to Queensland
Health throughout the design process. The checklists are not exhaustive and additional
checks, design and reporting may be required. The designer shall apply professional
judgement regarding additional information to be provided.
All checklists shall be completed by the designers and be included in quality assurance
procedures. Checklists shall be submitted at each appropriate design phase.
2.2.1.
Schematic design
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Electrical services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the project brief.
Review the project fire safety strategy (such as compartmentation,
location of fire lifts, parameters for fire detection and suppression
systems) for consistency with and provision of necessary elements for the
electrical services design.
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of electrical services.
Update recommendations to Queensland Health for their development of
an operating and maintenance strategy.
Carry out initial overall spatial coordination.
Provide information for room data sheets, where these are used.
Undertake checks in relation to BCA, Part J compliance and (if relevant)
NABERS and Green Star criteria.
Review proposals from others in relation to Part J compliance and (if
relevant) NABERS and Green Star criteria.
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from a
specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and the timing of their
appointment.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This may
involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal capacities of plant,
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 101 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
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Item
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the range of operating duties anticipated and consideration of the
requirements for submitting samples and prototypes.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints incorporated in the main
design that may affect the specialist design.
Obtain indicative quotations for plant not requiring specialist design.
Undertake consultation with Queensland Health stakeholders concerning
any risk management/workplace health and safety issues
Electrical design
Where required undertake daylight computer modelling required to
support the design and obtain quantitative feedback (State particular
requirements for the project).
Calculate the maximum demand for small power and lighting using
approximate methods.
Calculate the maximum demand for high voltage supply using
approximate methods.
Determine main distribution routes and circuits around floors to and from
risers and main switchgear and approximate sizes of containment and
switchgear.
Determine approximate cable sizes, switchgear locations, control panel
locations, user equipment sizes and locations, sensor locations for small
power, lighting, high voltage systems and metering.
Determine approximate cable sizes, sensor locations, control panel
locations for control, fire safety and security systems.
Design automatic controls systems as required to meet with the
operational, functional and spatial requirements of the specification.
Design review
Commissioning
Review commissioning requirements.
Deliverables
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the technical
design report.
Prepare or revise risk assessments of the design.
Prepare an initial schedule of cast-in/formed builders work openings that
are structurally significant.
Provide information for detailed whole-life cost studies.
Prepare a refined cost plan for building services.
Prepare detailed schematic drawings.
Prepare technical design drawings to convey spatial allocations in risers
and floor/ceiling voids.
Sign-off the technical design report.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 102 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
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attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2.2.2.
Design development checklist
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Electrical services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Negotiate with public and other utility authorities for the provision of
incoming services and agree spatial requirements.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the design philosophies.
Review design against BCA, NABERS and Green Star targets (if
relevant).
Carry out calculations in relation to any energy-related planning conditions
and advise team of implications to overall design.
Team-wide design review at end of design development stage.
Electrical design
Propose primary design criteria and extent of electrical systems.
Determine principal plant locations/sizes.
Establish indicative plant and riser sizes for electrical systems and plant
room/switchgear locations/sizes.
Deliverables
Advance drawings for design development submission.
Update schematic drawings with design detail.
Provide advice on potential design and construction issues for electrical
services.
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the design
development report.
Prepare performance specifications for electrical services if required by
procurement strategy.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 103 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 2.2.3.
Contract documentation checklist
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Electrical services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Queensland Health liaison
Advise on an appropriate method of procuring maintenance expertise.
Define the scope and content of operating and maintenance manuals
appropriate for the project.
Define the requirement for record drawings.
Define what level of documentation, commissioning results and other
information must be available prior to practical completion and handover.
(take into account possible implications of phased handover and partial
possession).
Prepare method statement (prior to commencement of works) for the
maintenance of existing services.
Team liaison
Check the provision for and adequacy of the preliminary builders work
information previously issued by others.
Confirm builders’ work information for specified equipment or materials, or
where alternatives to those provisionally or pre-selected are agreed.
Coordinate requirements for access platforms, stairs, rails and protection
elements required for future maintenance and operation of mechanical
plant/equipment.
Design weatherproofing details for all services passing through external
elements of the building.
Detail all acoustic stopping for services penetrating builders work
elements.
Carry out spatial coordination associated with major spaces: plant rooms,
risers, depths of ceiling and floor voids.
Consider requirements for cable pulling (routes and anchor points).
Carry out final detailed spatial coordination between the building services
and the structure/architecture.
Electrical design
Determine detailed sizing of cables for all electrical supply systems.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be required
as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Design fixing, connection, earthing and bonding details as required for
final installation of lightning protection systems.
Verify cable sizes, voltage drops, discrimination and fault handling of
cables based on the installation drawings, selected equipment and actual
installed cable lengths for specialist systems, such as fire alarm, data
comms, CCTV and access control.
Check compatibility of the plant and equipment with the controls systems.
Verify spatial requirements for cable pulling and installation.
Carry out design and incorporation of all interfaces (including relays or
other devices or modifications to hardware or software).
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential components
and features necessary to enable the proper preparation and
commissioning of building services.
Review designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Deliverables
Prepare detailed design drawings.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 104 Review rate:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Electrical services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review rate:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Advise on builders work requirements.
Produce materials and workmanship specifications.
Produce equipment schedules.
Prepare detailed specifications.
Review that all plant and equipment incorporated into the works can be
safely maintained in compliance with current legislation.
Provide information necessary to obtain statutory approvals.
Update services cost plan.
Contribute to construction programme planning.
Prepare final coordinated reflected ceiling plans based on latest
architectural information for all components.
Prepare schedules to cross-reference cables to containment systems.
Produce a commissioning specification.
Prepare a report in consideration of any alternative plant, equipment and
component selections.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 105 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.
Security services
3.1.
Project definition plan
3.1.1.
Introduction
The project definition plan is intended to provide an understanding of the fundamental
planning decisions taken to date and the basis of those decisions. The report requires
designers to justify their decisions and to report on capital and recurrent costs in a consistent
format to allow comparison with other projects. The report aims to ensure that site specific
services requirements are identified and appropriate allowances made in the cost plan at
project definition.
3.1.2.
Plan content
The plan shall contain at least the information described below, plus any other deemed
necessary by the project director, Queensland Health or relevant project committees.
3.2.
Design requirements
As per the CIR, the design of security services shall be based on site specific risk
assessment. This shall include CPTED assessment and detailed security risk consideration
of each function, department, area, aspect or feature as appropriate. The requirements for
security design are to apply risk assessment for all areas outlined within the CIR and any
further areas identified for the site.
3.3.
Design checklists
The following checklists are to assist designers in providing necessary input to Queensland
Health throughout the design process. The checklists are not exhaustive and additional
checks, design and reporting may be required. The designer shall apply professional
judgement regarding additional information to be provided.
All checklists shall be completed by the designers and be included in quality assurance
procedures. Checklists shall be submitted at each appropriate design phase.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 106 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.3.1.
Concept and schematic design
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Security services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Consult local authorities about matters of principle in connection with the
services design of the works.
Obtain information on the existence of site security risk assessments.
Evaluate constraints from clients’ brief, potential sites or schemes.
Coordinate a security service review appropriate for the scale/scope of
design. Review to include all necessary stakeholders to conduct an
effective CPTED review, site, facility, department or other level security
risk evaluation.
Obtain information and documents on existing services.
Visit site(s) to assess physical restrictions that might influence the design
philosophy or the development of the design.
Advise the client on the need for arrangements to be made for and define
the extent of special investigations or tests (could be intrusive or nonintrusive).
Review and report on the condition/status of any existing services
installations (usually only required for buildings being
refurbished/extended).
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of security and other public
health services.
Establish indicative plant and riser requirements for security systems.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints.
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from a
specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and the timing of their
appointment.
Team-wide design review to signal end of concept design stage.
Propose primary design criteria and extent of security systems.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This may
involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal capacities of plant,
the range of operating duties anticipated and consideration for submitting
samples and prototypes.
Deliverables
Prepare sketch drawings for preferred preliminary design.
Prepare sketch schematic drawings for preferred preliminary design.
Provide programme information on design and construction issues.
Prepare a report on security services issues as part of the design
development report.
Prepare performance specifications for security services if required by
procurement strategy.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 107 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.3.2.
Design development
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Security services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Security design
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of security and other public
health services.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This may
involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal capacities of plant,
the range of operating duties anticipated and consideration of the
requirements for submitting samples and prototypes.
Review site security assessments and coordinate update with security
working group if required.
Conduct updated CPTED assessments for refined design elements and
coordinate review of these assessments with the remainder of the design
team.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints.
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from a
specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and the timing of their
appointment.
Design security infrastructure architecture, including sources of supply,
level of resilience. An iterative design process involving stakeholder
consultation.
Carry out initial overall spatial coordination. An iterative design process
involving design team coordination.
Determine main distribution routes and location of devices including
cameras, active devices, PIR’s.
Review room data sheets and user group requirements with respect to
location, quantity and type of security devices.
Identify fire egress routes and design emergency evacuation strategies for
necessary integration with security services devices and operation.
Design systems as required to meet with the operational, functional and
spatial requirements of the specification.
Design review
CPTED assessment reviews.
Sitewide security requirements review for single campus integrated
solution.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the project brief.
Input data into final room data sheets.
Commissioning
Review commissioning requirements.
Deliverables
Prepare a report on security services issues as part of the technical
design report.
Prepare or revise risk assessments of the design.
Prepare an initial schedule of cast-in/formed builders work openings that
are structurally significant.
Prepare a cost plan for security services.
Prepare detailed schematic drawings.
Prepare technical design drawings to convey design requirements,
including coordination with other services.
Sign-off the technical design report.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 108 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 3.3.3.
Contract documentation
PROJECT:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Security services review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Security design
Carry out design and incorporation of all interfaces (including relays or
other devices or modifications to hardware or software).
Determine detailed routing of cable reticulation.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be required
as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Carry out final detailed coordination of in-ground infrastructure.
Review all camera positions for effective coverage. Modify if required.
Coordinate all ACID devices and requirements as nominated on room
data sheets and from the security working group assessments.
Review architectural, landscape, lighting and other services drawings to
assess adherence to agreed CPTED principles and site implementation.
Provide detailed comments as necessary.
Ensure integration of security services with all architectural, interiors,
landscaping, lighting and other services.
Ensure coordination of all security services ICT requirements where a
converged or semi-converged networking solution is implemented (i.e. IP
connectivity, backbone network infrastructure and RJ45 outlets provided
via ICT services).
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential components
and features necessary to enable the proper preparation and
commissioning of building services.
Review all designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 109 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.
Hydraulic services
4.1.
Project definition plan
4.1.1.
Introduction
The project development plan is intended to provide details of significant design decisions.
The plan requires designers to justify their decisions and to report on capital and recurrent
costs in a format that will allow comparison with other projects. The plan aims to ensure that
site specific services requirements are identified and appropriate allowances made in the
cost plan at scheme design stage.
4.1.2.
Plan content
The plan shall contain at least the reports, drawings and board calculations proofs
considered necessary to establish the validity of concept design to the project director,
Queensland Health or relevant project committees.
4.1.3.
Cold water supply
Fully describe proposed cold water supply arrangement proposed. Mains supplied systems
are preferred.
Confirm the reliability of the public utility’s cold water main to supply the project at all times
based on historical data and alternative supply paths within the external network. Document
the expectations on water quality based on consultations with the water utility. Describe
whether additional treatment measures are being proposed and in particular, how chlorine
residual levels will be maintained in the facility.
Cold water pressure—confirm the minimum fire pressures and flows are in accordance with
statutory and other requirements.
4.1.4.
Cold water storage
Where water storage is proposed provide explanatory notes and design calculations relevant
to the use of water storage including the following:
• the purpose of the water storage
• the storage volume provided for each purpose static pressure provided to fixtures supplied
from storage
• capacity of storage in hours to maintain essential healthcare functions served
• proposals related to Legionella control
• proposals related to maintaining sufficient water turnover to prevent stagnation and
sufficient chlorine residual to prevent microbial contamination
• Proposals related to preventing elevated temperatures above 20oC in the storage and
supply system.
4.1.5.
Sewer
Advise the following:
• capacity of sewer to serve calculated imposed load
• calculated reserve capacity for future building expansion
• confirm elevation of sewer connection is sufficient to serve site by gravity drainage and
that it is in a serviceable condition
• costs imposed by public utility as a capital works contribution.
4.1.6.
Stormwater drainage
Confirm the following as a civil engineering item:
• adequacy of stormwater connection point to accept site catchment based on nominated
storm intensities without retention pondage on site.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 110 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • reserve capacity of system for expansion in terms of runoff advise retention requirements
where this is a mandatory requirements of local authority.
4.1.7.
Gas services
Confirm the following:
• type of gas (LPG or natural)
• pressure potential of supply to meet project load in MJ or size of LPG storage vessel.
4.2.
Schematic design report
4.2.1.
Introduction
The schematic design report plan is intended to provide an understanding of significant
design decisions. The report requires designers to justify their decisions and to report on
capital and recurrent costs in a format that will allow comparison with other projects.
The report aims to ensure that site specific services requirements are identified and
appropriate allowances made in the cost plan at scheme design stage.
4.2.2.
Report content
The report shall contain at least the schedules, reports, drawings and calculations described
below, plus any other deemed necessary by the project director, Queensland Health or
relevant project committees.
4.2.3.
Drawings
Schedule the drawings including name, number, scale, date.
Submit drawings at an appropriate scale to show:
• preferred location of plant rooms, major reticulation areas, major risers, major roof
mounted plant, tanks, pre-treatment plant
• proposed location of plant rooms, major reticulation areas, major risers, major roof
mounted plant, tanks, pre-treatment plant
• preferred clear services reticulation dimensions for floor and ceiling spaces
• proposed clear services reticulation dimensions for floor and ceiling spaces
• plant schematic drawings for gas, water systems, plumbing, drainage and rainwater
collection
• single line plan drawings for major pipe routes, including all isolating valves and flushing
points
• site plans showing water supply connection, sewer outfall, storm water outfall, LPG
storage, water and gas meter location, fire brigade inlet booster connection, external fire
hydrants, external hose cocks for irrigation
• plant rooms plans showing principal items of plant in block form
• other drawings of appropriate scale and detail to adequately describe the extent and
configuration of the proposed hydraulic systems.
4.2.4.
Discrepancies
Describe any instances where the optimum design has not been achieved due to constraints
imposed by the planning, building form, site.
Explain the differences between preferred and proposed dimensions and layouts. Describe
the consequences and capital and operating costs of these differences.
4.2.5.
Cold water supply
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Fully describe proposed cold water supply. Mains supplied systems are preferred. Confirm
the reliability of the public utility’s cold water main to supply the project at all times based on
historical data and alternative supply paths within the external network.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 111 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Confirm that the water meter provided is the smallest practical size permitted based on the
pressure drop at maximum continuous flow which shall be not more than three per cent of
the maximum working pressure for an approved magnetic drive water meter.
Confirm the minimum fire pressures and flows. Confirm the system will sustain pressures of
not less than 100 KPA at the most disadvantaged fixture.
Describe any additional treatment measures being proposed to meet water quality
objectives. If chlorine is added as a disinfectant, state whether chlorine or chloramines are
present in the incoming supply, and if chloramines, how the correct chlorine dose to
overcome “breakpoint” will be maintained.
4.2.6.
Cold water storage
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Where water storage is proposed provide explanatory notes and design calculations relevant
to the use of water storage, including the following:
• the purpose of the water storage
• the storage volume provided for each purpose material construction of storage tanks and
maintenance provisions
• static pressure provided to fixtures supplied from storage provided as dedicated fire
reserve
• capacity of storage in hours to maintain essential healthcare functions served (such as
surgeons scrub)
• the strategy to allow proper hydraulic mixing that minimises stagnant zones and potential
for microbial regrowth/colonisation (with the possibility of addition of chemical
disinfectants)
• measures to preventing elevated temperatures above 20oC in the storage and supply
system.
4.2.7.
Sewer
Confirm the following:
• capacity of sewer to serve calculated imposed load
• calculated reserve capacity for future building expansion
• confirm elevation of sewer connection is sufficient to serve site by gravity drainage.
• advise costs imposed by public utility as a capital works contribution
• confirm investigations into the cost in accordance with the life cycle costing procedure
herein, of recycled waste water recovery, pre treatment comprising chlorination, filtration
and reuse as irrigation supply where considered appropriate.
4.2.8.
Storm water drainage
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Confirm the following as a civil engineering item:
• an overland fail safe flood path is provided
• adequacy of stormwater connection point to accept site catchment based on nominated
storm intensities without retention pondage on site
• advise reserve capacity of system for expansion in terms of run off. Advise retention
requirements where this is a mandatory requirements of local authority.
4.2.9.
Gas connection
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Confirm the following:
• potential of supply to meet project load in kW
• calculation basis for established gas load
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 112 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • provide an annual cost of consumption estimate and the fuel tariff applicable
• advise reserve capacity of system as a percentage of calculated use.
4.2.10. Waste collection systems
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Include:
• description of the method of laying drainage system below ground floor slab
• outline of the drainage pipe material
• description of the vertical stack arrangements
• description of any plumbing systems above ground comprising horizontal aerial drainage
collection systems.
4.2.11. Trade waste system
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Outline design solution and cost impact of designs proposed for the following:
• process
• kitchen
• medical imaging
• mortuary
• oncology
• endoscopy
• plaster rooms
• laboratory
• nuclear medicine
• sterilisation
• animal house
• decontamination
• hydrotherapy pool
• laundry.
Describe measures for reducing capital cost and recurrent cost of trade waste.
4.2.12. Rising mains and pumps
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
Where rising mains and pumps are unavoidable provide a full description of the reasons for
use, alternatives considered and proposed system.
Describe pipe materials and design velocities, number, type and capacity of pumps.
Confirmation of acceptance by other land owners is required where rising mains are
proposed.
4.2.13. Gas services
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration:
• size of LPG storage vessel
• tanker location for filling
• period the stored gas will serve the installation between fillings
• provide the cycle cost analysis comparisons between natural gas and LPG, where both
are available on site.
4.2.14. Water services
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration:
• maximum pressure
• minimum pressure
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 113 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • Is the system pump assisted?
• pump duty
• basis of design for:
− maximum flow
− minimum flow
• is the domestic system tank supplied? (state reasons)
• manner of compliance in relation to microbial control and whether any additional water
treatment equipment has been provided
• storage per bed in litres
• is dedicated fire storage provided? (state reasons)
4.2.15. Domestic hot water
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration:
• Are domestic hot water services mains pressure supplied?
• type of hot water storage:
− construction material
− thermal efficiency
− volume stored domestic hot water (as litres per bed)
− reheat recovery period 15ºC to 70ºC (in minutes)
− domestic hot water heating energy source
− manner of compliance in relation to microbial control.
• Are approved thermostatic mixing valves provided and have these been placed as close
as possible (within 6 m recommended) to points of use? Are TMVs easily accessible for
cleaning and easily disassembled for ongoing maintenance and cleaning regimes, as
required?
4.2.16. Warm water systems
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration:
• Have the recognised issues with warm water systems been addressed, such as:
− Microbial contamination due to a conducive environment;
− Maintaining adequate disinfectant residual throughout the system;
− Providing ways to facilitate flushing.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Design criteria of alternative warm water systems not utilising TMV units.
Maximum load in litres per minute per fixture.
Diversity applied.
Has waste heat recovery been incorporated from any source of waste heat?
Estimated annual heat recovery in MJ.
Manner of compliance in relation to microbial control.
4.2.17. High purity water provisions
Describe system, if provided.
4.2.18. Fire hydrant and hose reel systems
System descriptions are required to be provided for the building layout and configuration.
• Is the system tank fed? Provide design basis of storage for tank fed systems.
• Is the system pump boosted? State pump duty.
• Is pump dual powered?
4.2.19. Descriptions of other systems
For each system, item of plant or equipment (not already reported upon) provide:
• a brief description of the chosen system, component or item
• reasons for the choice made
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 114 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition • positive and negative aspects of the preferred systems.
4.2.20. Exceptions to CIR
List those aspects of the proposed scheme which do not conform to the CIR together with
the nature of the departure and reason for departure.
4.2.21. Capital cost estimate
Provide a cost against each item on the list included in the design proposal.
An estimate of the forecast capital cost shall be submitted in accordance with the following
schedule as applicable.
These estimates are to be prepared for each relevant component on a current rate basis
expressed as a lump sum.
Hydraulic services
H1
Sanitary fixtures
H2
Sanitary plumbing
H3
Water services (hot and cold)
H4
Gas services
H5
Fire hose reels and hydrants
H6
External sewer drainage
H7
External water services
Subtotal (elements H1 to H8)
$_______
H8
Special equipment
Boiling water units
Water drinking fountains
Other items not included
Hydraulic services capital cost estimate
$_______
4.2.22. Recurrent cost report
Complete the recurrent costs table so as to provide information for the client to assess this
component of the health facility's operating budget.
A schedule of annual energy usage and costs shall be submitted in the following form. It is to
include the total annual energy cost of the entire installation. Energy costs from various
sources shall be expressed in terms of the respective published tariffs or contract rates
(‘Units’ in the table below) and converted to a common base of MI for expression of annual
energy consumption index.
‘Net cost of energy’ in the table below is to include all associated costs (such as delivery,
lease of storage facilities) and be expressed in terms of the units in which the energy is
metered or charged.
Table 12: Hydraulic services—energy sources
Annual consumption
Net cost
Energy
of
source
Units
Quantity
Equivalent
Gj
energy
$/MJ
Annual
energy cost
$
Energy
consumption
index
MJ/m2
Energy
cost index
$/2
Electricity
Coal
Natural
Gas
LPG
Oil
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 115 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Total
Where the above is based on a ‘special rate’ attach written confirmation from supplier to the
report.
Express annual consumption of each energy source in units used by supplier (such as
electricity in KWH) then convert in succeeding columns to a common base of megajoules
(MJ).
4.2.23. Value adding strategies
Provide a schedule of design decisions taken that show an innovative approach to reducing
both capital and operating costs of the proposed systems.
List here value-adding strategies adopted such as shared reticulation, plant space, waste
heat scavenging:
• description
• benefit.
4.3.
Design checklists
The following checklists are to assist designers in providing necessary input to Queensland
Health throughout the design process. The checklists are not exhaustive and additional
checks, design and reporting may be required. The designer shall apply professional
judgement regarding additional information to be provided.
All checklists shall be completed by the designers and be included in quality assurance
procedures. Checklists shall be submitted at each appropriate design phase.
4.3.1.
Schematic design
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
General
Consult local authorities about matters of principle in connection with
the services design and provision for each site or option.
Engage and consult with local utility providers, including engaging
with the local water supplier to determine quality of incoming water.
Further treatment may be required to ensure that water quality can
be maintained throughout the facility.
Appraise physical data, planning and environmental issues for each
site or option.
Initial review of existing health and safety issues (for refurbishment
projects or additional construction on an existing site) e.g. asbestos
registers.
Prepare plan for the initial occupation period and agree with
client/occupier and stakeholders.
Investigate and advise on potential energy strategy options to
comply with any energy-related planning conditions.
Prepare design return brief.
Obtain information on the existence and extent of public utilities
services and record.
Define extent of life safety systems required.
Evaluate physical, environmental, functional and regulatory
constraints from clients’ brief, for potential schemes.
Visit site(s) to assess physical restrictions that might influence the
design philosophy or the development of the design.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 116 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Advise Queensland Health on the need for arrangements to be made
for and define the extent of special investigations or tests (could be
intrusive or nonintrusive).
Review and report on the condition/status of any existing services
installations (usually only required for buildings being
refurbished/extended).
Review options for renewable energy supplies/systems.
Give initial recommendations to Queensland Health in the
development of an operating and maintenance strategy.
Establish targets for the post-occupancy review.
Establish the name and role of lead project designer.
Discuss preferred solutions for potential hydraulic schemes with the
rest of the design team.
Advise team members (architect, structural engineer) of significant
implications (size, weight) of hydraulic systems, including central
plant.
Agree builders’ work philosophy (such as the treatment of structural
openings) for principal hydraulic systems.
Review architect’s proposals for compliance with BCA and NABERS
or Green Star (if relevant) energy performance certification criteria.
Prepare risk assessments for the design.
Detailed review of existing health and safety issues (for
refurbishment projects or additional construction on an existing site).
e.g. asbestos registers
Undertake consultation with Queensland Health stakeholders
concerning any risk management/workplace health and safety issues
Hydraulic specific design
Determine water supply and waste-handling philosophy (recycling,
storage).
Determine if additional water treatment will be required and if
needed, the extent of treatment
Determine if additional storage is required and extent of possible
supply interruptions to be allowed for.
Allow for space and access for proposed water infrastructure.
Design review
Commissioning
Establish phased handovers, system configuration or plant
arrangements to simplify commissioning.
Deliverables
Prepare report on hydraulic services issues as part of preliminary
design report, including:
• desk study on matters affecting design options
• adequacy of utilities supplies.
Provide information for early-stage whole-life cost studies.
Prepare outline performance specifications for hydraulic services if
required depending on procurement strategy.
Prepare outline cost plan for hydraulic services based on floor
area/building type/system assumptions.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 117 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.3.2.
Design development
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Negotiate with public and other utility authorities for the provision of
incoming services and agree spatial requirements.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the design
philosophies.
Review design against BCA, NABERS and Green Star targets (if
relevant).
Carry out calculations in relation to any energy-related planning
conditions and advise team of implications to overall design.
Team-wide design review to signal end of design development stage.
Hydraulic design
Propose primary design criteria for hydraulic systems, including:
— Expected water quality received from the water utility
— Water quality targets to be achieved within the facility
— Measures proposed to limit risk of microbial contamination
— Extent of additional treatment to be provided, if any
— Volume of additional back-up storage proposed, if any
— Target temperatures to be maintained in cold, hot and warm (if
provided) water systems
Determine principal plant locations/sizes.
Establish indicative plant and riser sizes for hydraulic systems and
plant room locations/sizes.
Establish main below-ground drainage routes and manhole locations
Deliverables
Prepare sketch drawings for preferred preliminary design.
Prepare sketch schematic drawings for preferred preliminary design.
Provide programme information on design and construction issues.
Prepare energy statement for planning submission, based on agreed
energy strategy.
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the design
development report.
Prepare a report on hydraulic services (including water treatment
system if provided) as part of the design development report.
Sign-off the design development report.
Prepare performance specifications for hydraulic services if required
by procurement strategy.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 118 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 4.3.3.
Contract documentation
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health liaison
Advise on an appropriate method of procuring maintenance
expertise.
Define the scope and content of operating and maintenance manuals
appropriate for the project.
Define the requirement for record drawings.
Specify form of delivery and the method of production of record
drawings.
Define what level of documentation, commissioning results and other
information must be available prior to practical completion and
handover (take into account possible implications of phased
handover and partial possession).
Prepare method statement (prior to commencement of works) for the
maintenance of existing services.
Team liaison
Check the provision for and adequacy of the preliminary builders
work information previously issued by others.
Confirm builders’ work information for specified equipment or
materials, or where alternatives to those provisionally or pre-selected
are agreed.
Coordinate requirements all access platforms, stairs, rails and
protection elements required for future maintenance and operation of
hydraulic services plant/equipment.
Detail all fire stopping requirements.
Design weatherproofing details for all services passing through
external elements of the building.
Detail all acoustic stopping for services penetrating builders work
elements.
Carry out spatial coordination associated with major spaces: plant
rooms, risers, depths of ceiling and floor voids.
Carry out final detailed spatial coordination between the building
services and the structure/architecture.
Hydraulic design
Carry out final detailed design calculations for all remaining services
in accordance with recognised national standards.
Determine detailed flue and pipe sizes and routes.
Carry out detailed design of pipe work gradients for coordination,
including domestic and waste drainage and condensate runs.
Carry out detailed design of water treatment system and storage
tanks, if provided, including layout of facility, bunds required for
containment of chemical spills, access requirements for delivery of
chemicals, extent and location of instrumentation.
Carry out final detailing of cold and hot water piping, including
specifying location of all isolating valves and flushing points, and
insulation requirements for both cold and hot water systems.
Determine detailed routing of pipe work and drainage to/from risers.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be
required as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Carry out final detailed coordination of above and below ground
drainage with superstructure and substructure.
Carry out detailed design of anchors, guides and other provision for
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 119 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
movement of services and systems due to thermal expansion and
contraction and building movement.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be
required as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Check pump system resistances based on the final equipment
selection and coordinated installation drawings.
Design all necessary temporary facilities for flushing and
commissioning.
Size, select and determine final locations of commissioning sets
based on the final equipment selection and coordinated installation
drawings.
Specify final location of access panels.
Carry out final detailing of drain and vent points.
Carry out final selection of all terminal devices.
Carry out final detailing and confirm the location and sizes of
ventilation requirements to plant rooms, based on final choice of
equipment.
Carry out final selection of all anti-vibration mountings, in association
with acoustic engineer.
Design review
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential
components and features necessary to enable the proper
preparation and commissioning of building services.
Review all designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Deliverables
Prepare detailed design drawings.
Advise builders work requirements.
Produce materials and workmanship specifications.
Produce equipment schedules.
Prepare detailed specifications.
Review that all plant and equipment incorporated into the works can
be safely maintained in compliance with current legislation.
Provide hydraulic information necessary to obtain statutory
approvals.
Prepare final coordinated reflected ceiling plans based on latest
architectural information for all components.
Produce a commissioning specification.
Evaluate and report upon the specialist designer’s proposals within
the main contract.
Prepare a report in consideration of any alternative plant, equipment
and component selections.
Provide a document describing how water quality is proposed to be
maintained within the health facility. If additional water treatment is
proposed, a Control Philosophy document describing the operation
and control of the treatment plant is required.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 120 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
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attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 5.
Fire services
5.1.
Project definition plan
5.1.1.
Introduction
The project definition plan is intended to provide an understanding of the fundamental
planning decisions taken to date and the basis of those decisions. The report requires
designers to justify their decisions and to report on capital and recurrent costs in a consistent
format to allow comparison with other projects. The report aims to ensure that site specific
services requirements are identified and appropriate allowances made in the cost plan at
project definition.
5.2.
Design checklists
The following checklists assist designers in providing necessary input to Queensland Health
throughout the design process. The checklists are not exhaustive and additional checks,
design and reporting may be required. The designer shall apply professional judgement
regarding additional information to be provided.
All checklists shall be completed by the designers and be included in quality assurance
procedures. Checklists shall be submitted at each appropriate design phase.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 121 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 5.2.1.
Schematic design
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the project brief.
Draw up a strategy for fire safety (such as compartmentation, location
of fire lifts, parameters for fire detection and suppression systems) and
review with other design consultants, particularly the architects.
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of fire other public health
services.
Update recommendations to Queensland Health for their development
of an operating and maintenance strategy.
Carry out initial overall spatial coordination.
Provide information for room data sheets, where these are used.
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from a
specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and the timing of their
appointment.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This may
involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal capacities of
plant, the range of operating duties anticipated and consideration of
the requirements for submitting samples and prototypes.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints incorporated in the
main design that may affect the specialist design.
Obtain indicative quotations for plant not requiring specialist design.
Undertake consultation with Queensland Health stakeholders
concerning any risk management/workplace health and safety issues
Fire services design
Determine main pipe routes around floors to and from risers.
Determine approximate pipe sizes, head types and locations, valve
sizes and locations and sizes of ancillary equipment (such as pump
sets).
Determine FIP locations, SIP and pump room sizes and locations
Design automatic controls systems as required to meet with the
operational, functional and spatial requirements of the specification.
Design review
Commissioning
Review commissioning requirements.
Coordinate fire services statutory and authority testing requirements
for the project
Integrate commissioning activities with other services, particularly
mechanical and electrical services for shutdown and interface testing.
Deliverables
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the technical
design report.
Prepare or revise risk assessments of the design.
Prepare an initial schedule of cast-in/formed builders work openings
that are structurally significant.
Provide information for detailed whole-of-life cost studies
Prepare a refined cost plan for building services.
Prepare detailed schematic drawings
Prepare technical design drawings to convey spatial allocations in
risers and floor/ceiling voids.
Sign-off the technical design report.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 122 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 5.2.2.
Design development
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Negotiate with public and other utility authorities for the provision of
incoming services and agree spatial requirements.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the design
philosophies.
Review design against BCA, NABERS and energy targets as relevant
Carry out calculations in relation to any energy-related planning
conditions and advise team of implications to overall design.
Team-wide design review to signal end of design development stage.
Fire services design
Confirm primary design criteria for fire systems.
Establish indicative plant and riser sizes for fire systems and plant
room locations/sizes.
Deliverables
Refine drawings for preferred design.
Update schematic drawings for preferred design.
Provide programme information on design and construction issues.
Prepare a report on fire services issues as part of the design
development report.
Sign-off the design development report.
Prepare performance specifications for other services if required by
procurement strategy.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 123 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 5.2.3.
Contract documentation
Project:
Job no:
Document(s) reviewed:
Review date:
By:
Item
no.
Review checklist items
Queensland Health liaison
Advise on an appropriate method of procuring maintenance
expertise.
Define the scope and content of operating and maintenance manuals
appropriate for the project.
Define the requirement for record drawings.
Specify form of delivery and the method of production of record
drawings.
Define what level of documentation, commissioning results and other
information must be available prior to practical completion and
handover (take into account possible implications of phased
handover and partial possession).
Prepare method statement (prior to commencement of works) for the
maintenance of existing services.
Team liaison
Check the provision for and adequacy of the preliminary builders
work information previously issued by others.
Confirm builders’ work information for specified equipment or
materials, or where alternatives to those provisionally or pre-selected
are agreed.
Coordinate requirements for all access platforms, stairs, rails and
protection elements required for future maintenance and operation of
plant/equipment.
Detail all fire stopping requirements.
Design weatherproofing details for all services passing through
external elements of the building.
Detail all acoustic stopping for services penetrating builders work
elements.
Carry out spatial coordination associated with major spaces: plant
rooms, risers, depths of ceiling and floor voids.
Consider requirements for cable installation (routes, trays and anchor
points).
Carry out final detailed spatial coordination between the building
services and the structure/architecture.
Modify the final detailed spatial coordination for approved alternative
equipment or materials.
Fire services design
Carry out final detailed design calculations for all remaining services
in accordance with recognised national standards.
Carry out detailed design of pipe work systems
Carry out detailed design of anchors, guides and other provision for
movement of services and systems due to thermal expansion and
contraction and building movement.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be
required as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Check pump system resistances based on the final equipment
selection and coordinated installation drawings.
Design all necessary temporary facilities for early system operation
Size, select and determine final locations of commissioning sets
Based on the final equipment selection and coordinated installation
drawings.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 124 Review
comments
attached(X)
Item
complete
(Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Job no:
Document(s) reviewed:
Review date:
By:
Item
no.
Review
comments
attached(X)
Review checklist items
Item
complete
(Initial)
Specify final location of access panels.
Carry out final coordination with hydraulic engineer for all drain points
Detailed design and sizing of fire services pipe work and coordinated
installation drawings.
Carry out final selection of all terminal devices—sprinklers, detectors
Confirm designs for pump rooms, booster systems, brigade
connections
Design review
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential
components and features necessary to enable the proper preparation
and commissioning of building services.
Review all designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Deliverables
Update health and safety plan information.
Prepare detailed design drawings.
Advise builders work requirements.
Produce materials and workmanship specifications.
Produce equipment schedules.
Review that all plant and equipment incorporated into the works can
be safely maintained in compliance with current legislation.
Provide design stage information towards log book.
Provide information to other consultants necessary to obtain statutory
approvals.
Obtain information from other consultants necessary to obtain
statutory fire services approvals.
Update hydraulics detailed cost plan.
Prepare detailed specifications for mechanical, electrical, public
health services, if relevant.
Prepare detailed specifications.
Prepare coordinated for construction drawings.
Prepare final coordinated reflected ceiling plans based on latest
architectural information for all components.
Prepare schedules to cross-reference cables to containment
systems.
Produce a commissioning specification.
Evaluate and report upon the specialist designer’s proposals within
the main contract.
Prepare a report in consideration of any alternative plant, equipment
and component selections.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 125 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 6.
Lift services
6.1.
Project definition plan
6.1.1.
Introduction
The project development plan is intended to provide details of significant design decisions.
The plan requires designers to justify their decisions and to report on capital and recurrent
costs in a format that will allow comparison with other projects. The plan aims to ensure that
site specific services requirements are identified and appropriate allowances made in the
cost plan at scheme design stage.
6.1.2.
Plan content
The plan shall contain at least the reports, drawings and board calculations proofs
considered necessary to establish the validity of concept design to the project director,
Queensland Health or relevant project committees.
6.2.
Design checklist
All checklists shall be completed by the relevant discipline designers and be included in
quality assurance procedures.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 126 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 6.2.1.
Schematic design
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Lifts review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the project brief.
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of lift services.
Update recommendations to Queensland Health for their
development of an operating and maintenance strategy.
Carry out initial overall spatial coordination for new lift services
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from
a specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and the timing of
their appointment.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This
may involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal
capacities of plant, the range of operating duties anticipated and
consideration of the requirements for submitting samples and
prototypes.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints incorporated in the
main design that may affect the specialist design.
Obtain indicative quotations for plant not requiring specialist design.
Undertake consultation with Queensland Health stakeholders
concerning any risk management/workplace health and safety
issues
Lift design
Calculate the maximum demand for the lifts via a detailed lift traffic
analysis.
Review requirements for goods lifts and locations served with
facility operations staff.
Determine approximate lift car requirements, plant room
requirements, lift shaft and overrun/pit requirements, switchgear
locations, control panel locations.
Confirm preliminary interfaces with other services, particularly
mechanical and electrical services.
Design automatic controls systems as required to meet with the
operational, functional and spatial requirements of the specification.
Design review.
Commissioning
Review commissioning requirements.
Provide details regarding on-going maintenance planning, including
comprehensive maintenance agreements proposed. Demonstrate
value to Queensland Health from these strategies.
Deliverables
Prepare a report on lift services issues as part of the technical
design report.
Prepare or revise risk assessments of the design.
Prepare an initial schedule of cast-in/formed builders work openings
that are structurally significant.
Provide information for detailed whole-life cost studies
Prepare a cost plan for lift services.
Prepare detailed schematic drawings
Prepare technical design drawings to convey spatial allocations in
risers and floor/ceiling voids.
Sign-off the technical design report.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 127 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 6.2.2.
Design development
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Lifts review checklist items
Job no:
By:
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the design
philosophies.
Review design against BCA and energy targets (if relevant).
Carry out calculations in relation to any energy-related planning
conditions and advise team of implications to overall design.
Team-wide design review to signal end of design development
stage.
Lift design
Confirm design criteria for lift systems.
Confirm plant and lift shaft requirements.
Coordinate detailing with other services.
Deliverables
Prepare drawings for preferred design.
Provide programme information on design and construction issues.
Prepare energy statement for planning submission, based on
agreed energy strategy.
Prepare a report on lift services issues as part of the design
development report.
Prepare performance specifications if required by procurement
strategy.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 128 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 6.2.3.
Contract documentation
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Lifts review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health liaison
Advise on an appropriate method of procuring maintenance
expertise, including comprehensive maintenance agreements to be
included.
Define the scope and content of operating and maintenance
manuals appropriate for the project.
Define the requirement for record drawings.
Specify form of delivery and the method of production of record
drawings.
Define what level of documentation, commissioning results and
other information must be available prior to practical completion and
handover (take into account possible implications of phased
handover and partial possession).
Prepare method statement (prior to commencement of works) for
the maintenance of existing services.
Team liaison
Check the provision for and adequacy of the preliminary builders
work information previously issued by others.
Confirm builders’ work information for specified equipment or
materials, or where alternatives to those provisionally or preselected are agreed.
Coordinate requirements for all access platforms, stairs, rails and
protection elements required for future maintenance and operation
of plant/equipment.
Detail all fire stopping requirements.
Design weatherproofing details for all services passing through
external elements of the building.
Detail all acoustic stopping for services penetrating builders work
elements.
Lift design
Carry out final detailed design calculations for all remaining services
in accordance with recognised national standards.
Size, select and determine final locations of commissioning sets
based on the final equipment selection and coordinated installation
drawings.
Specify final location of access panels.
Carry out final selection of all anti-vibration mountings for major
plant (i.e. machine room equipment).
Carry out design and incorporation of all interfaces (including relays
or other devices or modifications to hardware or software).
Design review.
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential
components and features necessary to enable the proper
preparation and commissioning of building services.
Review all designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Deliverables
Prepare detailed design drawings.
Produce builders work information.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 129 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Lifts review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Produce materials and workmanship specifications.
Produce equipment schedules.
Review that all plant and equipment incorporated into the works can
be safely maintained in compliance with current legislation.
Update detailed cost plan.
Prepare detailed specifications for lift services.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 130 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 7.
Medical gases
7.1.
Project definition plan
7.1.1.
Introduction
The project development plan is intended to provide details of significant design decisions.
The plan requires designers to justify their decisions and to report on capital and recurrent
costs in a format that will allow comparison with other projects. The plan aims to ensure that
site specific services requirements are identified and appropriate allowances made in the
cost plan at scheme design stage.
7.1.2.
Plan content
The plan shall contain at least the reports, drawings and board calculations proofs
considered necessary to establish the validity of concept design to the project director,
Queensland Health or relevant project committees.
7.2.
Design checklists
All checklists shall be completed by the relevant discipline designers and be included in
quality assurance procedures.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 131 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 7.2.1.
Schematic design
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Medical gas review checklist items
Job no:
By:
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the project brief.
Confirm design criteria, scope and extent of medical gas and other
public health services.
Update recommendations to Queensland Health for their
development of an operating and maintenance strategy.
Carry out initial overall spatial coordination.
Provide information for room data sheets, where these are used.
Project-wide design review to signal end of technical design stage.
Identify client requirements which will necessitate design input from a
specialist designer, sub-contractor or supplier and the timing of their
appointment.
Define the essential performance requirements of systems. This may
involve establishing numerical criteria for the nominal capacities of
plant, the range of operating duties anticipated and consideration of
the requirements for submitting samples and prototypes.
Advise of significant allowances or constraints incorporated in the
main design that may affect the specialist design.
Obtain indicative quotations for plant not requiring specialist design.
Medical gas design
Determine main duct and pipe routes around floors to and from risers.
Determine approximate plant capacities, terminal sizes and locations,
valve sizes and locations, vacuum pump sizes, locations and sizes of
ancillary equipment (such as receivers, pressure vessels).
Establish capacity of bulk gas facilities such as oxygen vessels,
carbon dioxide vessels and verify anticipated delivery schedules and
health facility demand usage.
Calculate maximum demand for all gases, compressed air and
vacuum systems.
Determine main pipe and drain routes around floors to and from
risers.
Confirm main below-ground routes and manhole locations.
Design review.
Commissioning
Review commissioning requirements.
Deliverables
Prepare a report on building services issues as part of the technical
design report.
Prepare or revise risk assessments of the design.
Prepare an initial schedule of cast-in/formed builders work openings
that are structurally significant.
Provide information for detailed whole-life cost studies.
Prepare a cost plan for medical gas services.
Prepare detailed schematic drawings.
Prepare technical design drawings to convey spatial allocations in
risers and floor/ceiling voids.
Sign-off the technical design report.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 132 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 7.2.2.
Design development
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Medical gas review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
General
Carry out on-going checks for compliance with regulations.
Negotiate with public and other utility authorities for the provision of
incoming services and agree spatial requirements.
Monitor compliance of the developing design with the design
philosophies.
Carry out calculations in relation to any energy-related planning
conditions and advise team of implications to overall design.
Team-wide design review to signal end of design development stage.
Medical gas design
Propose primary design criteria for mechanical systems.
Finalise plant and riser sizes for medical gas systems and plant room
locations/sizes.
Deliverables
Prepare drawings for design.
Prepare schematic drawings for design.
Provide programme information on design and construction issues.
Prepare energy statement for planning submission, based on agreed
energy strategy.
Prepare a report on medical gas services issues as part of the design
development report.
Sign-off the design development report.
Prepare performance specifications if required by procurement
strategy.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 133 Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition 7.2.3.
Contract documentation
Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Medical gas review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Queensland Health liaison
Advise on an appropriate method of procuring maintenance
expertise.
Define the scope and content of operating and maintenance manuals
appropriate for the project.
Define the requirement for record drawings.
Specify form of delivery and the method of production of record
drawings.
Define what level of documentation, commissioning results and other
information must be available prior to practical completion and
handover (take into account possible implications of phased
handover and partial possession).
Prepare method statement (prior to commencement of works) for the
maintenance of existing services.
Team liaison
Check the provision for and adequacy of the preliminary builders
work information previously issued by others.
Confirm builders’ work information for specified equipment or
materials, or where alternatives to those provisionally or pre-selected
are agreed.
Coordinate requirements for all access platforms, stairs, rails and
protection elements required for future maintenance and operation of
plant/equipment.
Detail all fire stopping requirements.
Design weatherproofing details for all services passing through
external elements of the building.
Carry out spatial coordination associated with major spaces: plant
rooms, risers, depths of ceiling and floor voids.
Carry out final detailed spatial coordination between the building
services and the structure/architecture.
Medical gas design
Carry out final detailed design calculations for all remaining services
in accordance with recognised national standards.
Determine detailed pipe sizes and routes.
Carry out detailed design of pipe work gradients for builders’ work
and coordination, including waste drainage and condensate runs.
Carry out detailed design of anchors, guides and other provision for
movement of services and systems due to thermal expansion and
contraction and building movement.
Modify distribution systems and equipment capacities as may be
required as a result of final detailed spatial coordination.
Coordinate the requirements for medical services panels with all
other services and the architect
Coordinate the location of all medical gas outlets, valve isolation
boxes, alarm panels and other visible services with the architect and
all other services.
Size, select and determine final locations of commissioning sets
based on the final equipment selection and coordinated installation
drawings.
Specify final location of access panels.
Carry out final detailing of drain and vent points.
Carry out final selection of all terminal devices.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 134 Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Queensland Health Capital Infrastructure Requirements‐2nd Edition Project:
Document(s) reviewed:
Item
no.
Medical gas review checklist items
Job no:
By:
Review date:
Review
Item
comments
complete
attached(X) (Initial)
Select and confirm location of control and isolation valves to achieve
the specified function and to suit the characteristics of items served
and final system configurations, as based on the final equipment
selection and coordinated installation drawings.
Carry out final selection of all anti-vibration mountings.
Design review.
Commissioning
Identify and incorporate into system designs the essential
components and features necessary to enable the proper preparation
and commissioning of building services.
Review all designs to ensure that systems are commissionable.
Where required appoint an independent specialist commissioning
contractor responsible for testing and commissioning.
Deliverables
Prepare detailed design drawings.
Produce builders work information.
Produce materials and workmanship specifications.
Produce equipment schedules.
Review that all plant and equipment incorporated into the works can
be safely maintained in compliance with current legislation.
Update detailed cost plan.
Prepare coordinated for construction drawings.
Produce a commissioning specification.
Volume 4 Engineering Section 2 Manual Page 135