Tomorrow's Energy
gy Solutions
for Sustainable Development!
ETC Presentation 2014
ETC Location
ETC Presentation 2014
This is ETC
 Nonprofit Foundation (Est.1989) and Professional service firm
 Provides both Research work and Consultancy services
 Focus area: Thermo-chemical
Thermo chemical conversion of biomass
 Service
S i categories:
t
i
▪ Tailor-made
T il
d E
Experiments
i
t
▪ Advanced Computations
▪ In-depth Investigations
 Customers/Partners:
Academia Public agencies & Industry
Academia,
ETC Presentation 2014
ETC Board
Erik Persson (Piteå Kommun)
Gunnar Plym Forshell (Lst. BD)
Ann-Britt
Ann
Britt Edfast (Sveaskog)
Johan Sterte (Luleå Univ. of Tech.)
Bo Johansson (Smurfit Kappa)
Magnus Berg (Vattenfall)
Managing Director
Magnus Marklund
Marklund*
Marketing Manager
Act. R&D
Ol Öhrman*
Olov
Öh
* (Sr. Researcher)
H
Henrik
ik Wii
Wiinikka*
ikk * (Sr. Researcher)
Manager
ETC STAB
Admin Coordinator
Ingela Lindberg* (Administrator)
Lab Coordinator
Henry Hedman (Sr. Development Eng.)
ETC STAFF
Marcus Gullberg
G
(Research Eng.)
A-C Johansson (Research Eng.)
Ulla Jonsson (Sr. Administrator)
Mattias Lundgren (Technician)
Roger Molinder (Research Eng.)
Daniel Svensson (Experimental Ass.)
Esbjörn Pettersson (Research Eng.) Jonas Wennebro (Development Eng.)
Linda Sandström (Researcher)
Calle Ylipää (Technician)
Alexey Sepman (Sr. Researcher)
Yngve Ögren (Research Eng.)
Fredrik Weiland ((Research Eng.)
g)
ETC Presentation 2014
* Part in management team
General Capabilities
Pre-treatment
Pre
treatment & feeding Sampling & Diagnostics
Spray formation
Combustion/Gasification
Fuel Characterisation Process modelling
Bio-oil production
Syngas upgrading
ETC Presentation 2014
Bio Refinery Concept
Bio-Refinery
RAW MATERIALS
Forest
Agriculture
Marine
Wastes
By-products
CONVERSION PROCESSES
Mechanical
Thermal
Chemical
Biological
END PRODUCTS
Energy
Chemicals
Fuels
Materials
Other
ETC Focus Area
ETC Presentation 2014
Bio refinery Pathways Examples
Bio-refinery
Intermediate products currently in ETC focus
ETC Presentation 2014
Biofuel R&D Initiatives at ETC site
ETC
C Co
Combustion
bust o Laboratory
abo ato y
(Combustion furnaces, pyrolysis oil)
Solander Clean Tech
(Business development)
LTU Green Fuels
ETC Gasification Centre
(Fuel synthesis plant)
(Pilot gasifiers)
ETC Presentation 2014
Overview: Site Infrastructure
Biomass g
gasification
Spray tests
Pyrolysis
y y
oil
Analyses/
Characterisation
VIPP
Catalysts
y
Combustion
BLG
MeOH/DME
ETC Presentation 2014
TO END SLIDES
Site Infrastructure: PEBG pilot
PEBG = Pressurised Entrained flow Biomass Gasification
 Owner: ETC
 Op. manager: Henry Hedman, ETC
 Research and process development
activities
 Solid/liquid biomass => raw syngas
 0.5 MWth @ 5 bar
 Oxygen/steam/CO2 blown
 Daily operation
ETC Presentation 2014
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PEBG Process
ETC Presentation 2014
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PEBG Progress
 IP-owner: BioGreen AB
 On-going research on process characterisation
 Performed trials on virgin wood, torrefied wood, bark, pyrolysis oil, lignin
 Reference paper: Weiland et al. Energy & Fuels 27 (2013) 932–941
 Possible custom-made PEBG trails via BRISK (see www.briskeu.com)
c o edge e ts to PEBG
G Co
Consortium
so t u a
and
d funders:
u de s
 Acknowledgements
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: POC pilot
POC = Pyrolysis Oil Cyclone
 Owner: ETC
 Op. manager: Henrik Wiinikka, ETC
 Research and process development
activities + production
 Solid biomass => Pyrolysis oil/Char
 0.2 MWth
 Nitrogen blown
 Daily operation
ETC Presentation 2014
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Pyrolysis Oil Cyclone (POC)
ETC Presentation 2014
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Aim with pyrolysis oil
Feedstock variety
Applications
POC
Pyrolysis oil
Proper production of pyrolysis oil from biomass is a renewable fuel that can be
utilized in a wide range of different applications.
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: CTR setup
CTR = Catalyst Test Rig
Owner: LTU-ETC
Op. manager: Olov Öhrman, ETC
Research activities
Biosyngas to MeOH
Space velocity: 1000 – 5000 Ndm3/(kg
catalyst h), ≈ 1 dm3 liquid MeOH per 50 h
 Daily and continuous operation
 Reference paper: Häggström et al. Fuel
Processing Technology 94 (2012) 10-15
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ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: VAFF
VAFF = Vertical Atmospheric Flexi-fuel Furnace
 Owner: ETC
 Op.
O manager: Per
P Carlsson,
C l
ETC
 Research and process development
activities
 Solid/liquid biomass
 Two stage combustion chamber
 0.2 MWth
 Air blown
 Daily operation
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: HICK
HICK = Horizontal Industrialized Combustion Kiln



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


Owner: ETC
Site manager: Henry Hedman
Hedman, ETC
Process development activities
Solid/liquid feedstock
0.2 MWth
Air blown
Daily operation
Reference paper: Eriksson et al.
Bioresource Technology 104 (2012) 729736.
736
CAD: Adjustable burnerhood
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: HICK
Combustion characteristics of fuel blends
Back end snap shot of powder flame with preheated air supply
One part of the twin powder feed unit
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: PSTR
PSTR = Pressurised Spray Test Rig
 Owner: ETC
 Site manager: Magnus Marklund, ETC
 Research and process development
activities
 Vessel inner diameter: 500 mm
 Pressures
P
up tto15
15 barg
b
 4 optical access ports
 Flexible nozzle connection
 3 nitrogen streams available (40 bar)
 High speed photography
 Spray characterization by PDA
 Reference paper: Gullberg, et al.
Atomization and Sprays 22 (2012) 897919
919.
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: Analysis

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Owner: ETC
GC for analysis of syngas/producer gas with TCDs and PFPD
GC for analysis of hydrocarbons, tars and oxygenates with FID
GC-MS for tars and pyrolysis oil
Micro-GC with TCD
T t l sulfur
Total
lf analysis
l i iinstrument
t
t for
f liquids
li id and
d gases b
based
d on UV
UVFluorescence (ppb-ppm level)
FTIR for analysis
y
of syngas/producer
y g p
g
gas
Karl Fischer titrator for analysis of water in liquids or gases
Particulate matter: DLPI and ELPI
Conventional flue gas instruments: THC, NO, NOx, CO, CO2, SO2, O2
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: Characterisation
 Owner: ETC
 DTF (Drop Tube Furnace): Fundamental studies of powder/liquids
 SPRT (Single Particle Reactor Test oven): Gross conversion aspects
ETC-DTF
ETC-SPRT
L
Lowering
i device
d i
Oven
Inspection window
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: VIPP pilot
VIPP = Vortex Intensive Power Production

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Owner: MEVA Energy AB
Op. manager: Henry Hedman, ETC
Process development activities
Solid biomass =>
> fuel gas
Gasification cyclone concept
0.5 MWth
Air blown
Daily operation
Reference p
paper:
p Risberg
g et al.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5071/20thEUBCE2012
-2BV.2.7
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: DP
DP-1
1 BLG plant
DP-1 BLG = Development Plant no.1 for Black Liquor Gasification
 Owner: LTU Green Fuels
 Site manager: Birgitta Marke, LTU
 Research and process development
activities
 BL or liquid mixes => raw syngas
 3 MWth @ 30 bar
 Oxygen /steam blown
 Continuous operation possible
 Reference paper: Carlsson et al. Fuel
89 (2010) 4025-4034.
ETC Presentation 2014
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Site Infrastructure: BioDME plant
 Owner: LTU Green Fuels
 Site manager: Birgitta Marke, LTU
 Research and process development
activities
 Raw syngas => Methanol => DME
 Nominal capacity:
p
y 4 ton DME/day
y
 Continuous operation possible
ETC Presentation 2014
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Partner Networks
LTU Biosyngas
Program
ETC Presentation 2014
Recent Publications 1(3)
(See further http://www.etcpitea.se/en/home/publications/)
Wiinikka, H., Weiland, F., Pettersson, E., Öhrman, O., Carlsson, P., Stjernberg, J. Characterisation of
submicron particles produced during oxygen blown entrained flow gasification of biomass.
Accepted for publication in Combustion and Flame (2014).
g, M.,, Öhrman,, O.G.W.,, Gebart,, B.R.,, Nilsson,, P.T.,, Gudmundsson,, A.,, Sanati,, M. Influence
Risberg,
from fuel type on the performance of an air-blown cyclone gasifier. Fuel 116 (2014) 751-759.
Olwa, J., Öhman, M., Pettersson, E., Boström ,D., Okure, M., Kjellström, B. Potassium retention in
updraft gasification of wood. Energy & Fuels 27 (2013) 6718-6724.
Jonsson, C.Y.C., Stjernberg, J., Wiinikka, H., Lindblom, B., Boström, D., Öhman, M. Deposit formation
in a grate-kiln plant for iron-ore pellet production. Part 1: Characterization of process gas particles.
Energy & Fuels 27 (2013) 6159-6170.
Stjernberg, J., Jonsson, C.Y.C., Wiinikka, H., Lindblom, B., Boström, D., Öhman, M. Deposit formation
i a grate-kiln
in
t kil plant
l t ffor iron-ore
i
pellet
ll t production:
d ti
2 Characterization
2.
Ch
t i ti off deposits.
d
it Energy
E
& Fuels
F l
27 (2013) 6171-6184.
ETC Presentation 2014
Recent Publications 2(3)
(See further http://www.etcpitea.se/en/home/publications/)
Weiland, F., Hedman, H., Marklund, M., Wiinikka, H., Öhrman, O., Gebart, R. Pressurized oxygen
blown entrained-flow gasification of wood powder. Energy & Fuels 27 (2013) 932-941.
Wiinikka, H., Grönberg, C., Boman, C. Emissions of heavy metals during fixed-bed combustion of six
gy & Fuels 27 ((2013)) 1073-1080.
biomass fuels. Energy
Nordgren, D., Hedman, H., Padban, N., Boström, D., Öhman, M. Ash transformations in pulverised
fuel co-combustion of straw and woody biomass. Fuel Processing Technology 105 (2013) 52-58.
Carlsson, P., Lycksam, H., Gren, P., Gebart, R., Wiinikka, H., Iisa, K. High-speed imaging of biomass
particles heated with a laser. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 103 (2013) 278-286.
Öhrman,
Ö
a , O.G.W.,
OG
, Weiland,
e a d, F.,, Johansson,
Jo a sso , A.J.,
J , Pettersson,
ette sso , E.,, Hedman,
ed a , H.,, Leijenhorst,
e je o st, E.J.,
J , Assink,
ss ,
A., van de Beld, L. Pressurized Oxygen Blown Entrained Flow Gasification of Pyrolysis Oil.
Proceedings 21st European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Copenhagen, June 3-7, 2013.
Johansson, A.C., Öhrman,
Ö
O.G.W., Pettersson, E., Sweeney, D. Tar and trace element
measurements in synthesis gas from a pressurized black liquor gasifier. Proceedings 21st
European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Copenhagen, June 3-7, 2013.
ETC Presentation 2014
Recent Publications 3(3)
(See further http://www.etcpitea.se/en/home/publications/)
Gullberg, M., Marklund, M. Spray characterization of twin fluid external mix atomization of pyrolysis oil.
Atomization and Sprays 22 (2012) 897-919.
Öhrman, O., Häggström, C., Wiinikka, H., Hedlund, J. and Gebart, R. Analysis of trace components in
y
g
gas g
generated by
y black liquor
q
g
gasification. Fuel 102 ((2012)) 173-179.
synthesis
Eriksson, D., Weiland, F., Hedman, H., Stenberg, M., Öhrman, O., Lestander, T.A., Bergsten, U. and
Öhman, M. Characterization of Scots pine stump-root biomass as feed-stock for gasification.
Bioresource Technology 104 (2012) 729-736.
Häggström, C., Öhrman, O., Rownaghi, A., Hedlund, J. and Gebart, R. Catalytic methanol synthesis
via black liquor gasification. Fuel Processing Technology 94 (2012) 10-15.
Lycksam, H., Sjödahl, M., Gren, P., Öhman, M., Gebart, R. High-speed interferometric measurement
and visualization of the conversion of a black liquor droplet during laser heating. Optics in Lasers
and
dE
Engineering
i
i 50 (2012) 1654
1654-1661.
1661
ETC Presentation 2014