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Importance of Digestate for the Biogas Industry
Ola Hall
Senior Business Development
E.ON Gas Sverige AB
Email. [email protected]
IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
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Road transport in Sweden … a Gigant Challenge!
 Ca 90 TWh
 Ca 45 % of oil use in Sweden
 22 % of Swedish energy use
 Ca 35 % of CO2 emissions
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
E.ON Invests ~100 MSEK/year in vehicle gas market
Volume
(GWh)
Stations(st)
Market
share (%)
400
37 public/19 depot
~30%
Eskilstuna
We reduce GHG in transport sector
Norrköping
 In 2012 400GWh vehicle gas was sold to
3000 vehicles
 50% biogas and 50% natural gas
Falutorget
Mölndalsvägen
Gnosjö
Gislaved
Ullared
Future focus
 Depots for heavy vehicles
 Public stations in Stockholm, Göteborg
& Malmö
 Market share 25-30%
Halmstad
Båstad
Ängelholm
Landskrona
Löddeköpinge
Malmö
Trelleborg
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Värnamo
Falkenberg
Älmhult
Laholm
Broby
Hässleholm
Eslöv
Olofström
Karlshamn
Kristianstad
Åhus
Lund
Svedala
Ystad
Kalmar
Stockholm
E.ON Production and Long term contracts in Sweden
Digestate
‒ Laholm, UBG
‒ Norrköping, UBG
‒ Kristianstad, LTC
‒ Eslöv, LTC
‒ Bjuv, Prod.
‒ Sjölunda, UBG
‒ Kalmar, LTC
‒ Falkenberg, Prod.
‒ Grödinge ,LTC
‒ Jordberga ,Prod. (2014)
‒ Västblekinge,LTC
‒ More,LTC
‒ Sävsjö,LTC
‒ Totalt
295 GWh
50 kton
85 kton
110 kton
245 kton
Befintliga
anläggningar
Biogas is needed at a competitive price to continue the expansion
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Most important items in Biogas production
 Permits
 Biogas sales contract
 Substrate contract
 Digestate contract
Digestate handling can be a show stopper for a biogas project
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Digestate cost is vital for project economy
 Biogas price in public stations should be below 1000SEK/MWh
 Production cost should be below 650 SEK/MWh
 The digestate cost today is 20-50SEK/ton, i.e. 20-130SEK/MWh incl. the
fertilizer value
 With a low energy content the cost for handling digestate will be high
 Substrate and digestate cost have to be evaluated together
Digestate cost can be up to 20% of the production cost
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Local conditions decide digestate handling
 Type of substrate
 The amount of digestate
 Fertilizer content in digestate
 Localisation
Available land with crops
Animal density
Other biogas plants
E.ON has looked into digestate up-grading
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Overview – Digestate up-grading
Digestion De-watering
Ev. Struvite
Stripping/RO/etc.
WWTP
Substrat
Reject
Reject
Reject
Irrigation
Recycling
Product/
Solids
Substrate
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Struvite
Cost
Concentrate
Value
Avialable technologies for digestate up-grading
De-watering + evaporation + WWTP/Irrigation
De-watering + ultrafilter+RO/ Contact membrane
De-watering + stripping + WWTP/Irrigation
De-watering + struvite + stripping + WWTP/Irrigation
De-watering + struvite (addition of phosphor acid) + WWTP
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Products and rest fractions
Products
Solid fraction after de-watering (P,N)
Evaporated digestate (10-25% TS) (NPK)
Concentrate from membrane and RO (10% TS) (NPK)
Ammoniumsulfat (38-45% solution) (N,S)
Ammoniumnitrat (55% solution) (N,K)
Struvite (P,N,Mg)
Rest fractions
Condens water from evaporation(N)
Reject after stripping (N,P,K etc.)
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
E.ON Digestate up-grading studies in Sweden
Investigation and evaporation test i Nöbbelöv project, 130GWh, 550kton
digestate
Prestudy of bio-fertilizer production, NEAB, Lantmännen och Göteborg Energi
Workshop Malmö hamn 1, 300 GWh, 1 Mton digestate
Production of bio-fertilizer via struvite (SGC-projekt)
Initiated ”Biogödselförädling – Tekniker och leverantörer” (SGC-projekt)
Evaluation of digestate up-grading for Malmö Hamn 2, 50 GWh, 120 kton
rötrest
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Results
 The evaluation of evaporation in the Nöbbelöv project led to a cost of
55SEK/ton or 225SEK/MWh
 Production of bio-fertilizer via struvite is not interesting due to high acid
costs
 The evaluation of digestate up-grading by stripping in Malmö hamn 2 led to
a cost of 70-115SEK/ton or 170-272SEK/MWh
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Fertilizer value
Wholesaler
(kr/kg)
Farmer
(kr/kg)
Organic retail
trade
NH4OH
9
11
?
P
18
23
?
K
8
8
?
Fertilier value as NPK for the farmer is ca 30-50 SEK/ton digestate from
digester using de-watering and stripping
Fertilier value as NPK for the farmer is after evaporation is ca 25% of NPKvalue i.e. ca 10 SEK/ton digestate from digester
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Possibilities and challenges with digestate up-grading
With a cost of 70 SEK/ton for stripping the cost incl. the fertilizer value will be
around 20-30 SEK/ton digestate, same level as for direct distribution
The possibilities of selling the product as organic bio-fertilizer in the retail
market should be investigated
The OPEX incl. cost of chemicals is still uncertain
The most promising method today seems to be stripping. To be efficient
polymer is needed in the de-watering step. This is not yet compatible with the
certification SPCR-120
With digeste up-grading you might loose trace elements that over time is good
for the farmland yield
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Reflexions
Digestate handling is essential in a biogas project
The digestate should enhance the environmental profile of biogas
It is very important to have a good dialogue with the farmers
Together the biogas industry and the farmers have to exchange information
how to best use the digeste and create value for both parties
When calculating the GHG reduction you have to include the reduced demand
of commercial fertilizer
The technology delopment of up-grading the digestate should continue
We should strive to create an organic bio-fertilizer product
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Importance of Digestate for the Biogas Industry
Back up OH
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
SWOT-Analys Malmö Hamn 1
Technology
1. De-watering +
stripping + WWTP
2. De-watering +
evaporation + WWTP
3. De-watering + UF +
RO + recepient
4. De-watering + struvite
+ WWTP
D Invest OP Suppliers Develop Risk
S -ment EX
stage
%
Product Total
value
3
2
5
4
3
3
20
15
2
2
5
5
3
2
19
10
3
3
3
2
1
2
14
2
1
3
3
3
5
17
5
4
1
5
5
0
20
3
4
5
3
4
0
19
5. De-watering + WWTP
6. De-watering +
Anamox or similar
Page 17
IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Evaporation
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Membrane
Macro filter
MF
Centrifuge + filter
Particles>100 mm
Phosphor rich fraction
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Ultra filter
UF
All
particles
Revers osmosis
RO
All
salts
Kalium and
Ammonium rich
Stripper - function
Air without ammonium
Air with ammonium
Sulphuric acid
Ammonium sulfate
Reject water
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Struvite – Ostara
Magnesiumammoniumfosfate (MgNH4PO4)
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Biogas plant Wrams Gunnarstorp
Owners:
Production
E.ON Gas AB
Rudolf Tornerhjelm
Bigadan A/S
51%
24,5%
24,5%
Up-grading
E.ON Gas AB:
100%
Capacity:
25 GWh/year
Substrate:
65 000 ton/year
(Manure, slaughter house waste,
waste from food industry)
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Biogas plant in Falkenberg
Owner
Biogas- och up-gradering
E.ON
65%
Falkenbergs kommun
20%
Gekås
15%
Capacity:
37 GWh/år
Substrate:
120 000 ton/år
(Manure, waste from food industri,
househould waste)
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IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall
Jordberga - Project
Production
Net –
connection
EON 20% share
Netdistribution
Filling stations
Vehicle gas
SBI Jordberga AB
EON Gas Sverige
EON Gas Sverige
EON Biofor
SBI Main owner
SB3
EON
NS
- connection pipe
-Net distribution to
filling stations
- Biogas purchase
- 110 GWh/år
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- Connection to SWG +
compressor station
IBBA Digestate Workshop, 5th September 2013, Höör ,Ola Hall