World Archery Communication Style Guide Our values, our look, our style

World Archery Communication
Style Guide
Our values, our look, our style
TABLE OF CONTENTS
...................................................................................................................
1
...............................................................................................................................
3
Table of Contents
Introduction
FITA Office Values .................................................................................................................. 4
.......................................................................................................................................
5
Logos and Branding ........................................................................................
FITA logo .................................................................................................
World Archery brand ......................................................................
World Archery logo .........................................................................
Archery World Cup logo ...............................................................
Combined Usage of Logos ..........................................................................
Fonts ..........................................................................................................................
5
5
5
5
6
6
6
Our Look
Our Attitude and our Audience ..................................................................................... 7
Spelling and Writing Style
...............................................................................................
8
General Comments ........................................................................................... 8
Preferred Archery Terminology ............................................................... 9
English Rules followed by FITA .............................................................. 13
Special Spelling and Usage ...................................................................... 13
Abbreviations ...................................................................................................... 15
Organisations ..................................................................................... 15
Weight and Measures ................................................................... 15
Plurals of Abbreviations ............................................................. 15
Word “Number” ................................................................................ 16
Currencies ............................................................................................ 16
Apostrophes .......................................................................................................... 16
Vertical Lists ........................................................................................................ 16
Bullets, Numbers, and Letters ................................................ 16
Introductory Colons ....................................................................... 17
Capitalisation ..................................................................................... 17
Punctuation ......................................................................................... 17
Parallelism ........................................................................................... 17
Capitalisation ...................................................................................................... 17
Country Noun, Adjective and Code ........................................................ 18
Dates ....................................................................................................................... 19
Hyphenation ......................................................................................................... 20
Letter Writing ...................................................................................................... 21
Punctuation ......................................................................................... 21
Salutation .............................................................................................. 21
Reference .............................................................................................. 21
Reason for Writing .......................................................................... 21
Request .................................................................................................. 21
Enclosing Documents ................................................................... 22
Closing Remarks .............................................................................. 22
Reference for Future Contact ................................................. 22
Finish ....................................................................................................... 22
End Notations ..................................................................................... 22
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Names ...................................................................................................................... 22
Numbers ................................................................................................................. 22
Punctuation .......................................................................................................... 23
Quotation Marks ............................................................................................... 23
Singular v Plural for Teams and Countries .................................... 24
Times of Day ........................................................................................................ 24
Who v Whom ........................................................................................................ 24
References
.................................................................................................................................
25
Appendices
................................................................................................................................
26
1. FITA Logo .......................................................................................................... 26
2. World Archery Logo .................................................................................. 27
3. Archery World Cup Logo ........................................................................ 28
4. FITA Commissions ...................................................................................... 29
5. Country Names and Codes .................................................................. 30
6. Sample Letter ................................................................................................ 34
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INTRODUCTION
This Communication Style Guide outlines the preferred use of language and terminology related to the
International Archery Federation (FITA).
It also provides guidance to preferred spelling and style.
This guide is for members of the FITA family and other stakeholders in order to standardise spelling,
acronyms and other archery terminology, use of logos and graphics, the “look” of archery.
The Version 1.0 of this Style Guide has been published by FITA on June 2009. FITA would like to thank the
Hacettepe University Hospitals for printing this publication.
FITA
Maison du Sport International
Avenue de Rhodanie 54
1007 Lausanne, Switzerland
Phone: +41 (0)21 614 3050
Email: [email protected]
www.worldarchery.org
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FITA OFFICE VALUES
We set examples
For our members
For our partners
For ourselves
Internal values: Openness and Care
We will never have working-related secrets.
We will always support each other.
External values: Respect and Encouragement
We will never disrespect any of our members or partners.
We will always provide encouragement for all.
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OUR LOOK
Logos and Branding
The FITA logo represents the governing body for the sport of archery.
The FITA logo should be used in colour whenever possible or, if not possible, in line art or greyscale as
illustrated.
Please refer to Appendix 1 for information on colours.
The FITA logo will be used on anything officially approved by FITA, such as:
Rulings coming out of the FITA Office
Rule book
FITA Judges
Official listings of FITA as an International Federation, e.g. in the IOC Directory
Anything requiring official FITA certification
The World Archery brand has been established to promote the sport of archery to a broad target market
around the world. Any application and use of the logo requires the permission and approval of FITA.
The World Archery logo should be reproduced in full colour. Only when full colour is absolutely not
available should one of the monochromatic versions be used.
Please refer to the Brand Identity Guidelines and to the Appendix 2 for information on colours and usage of
this logo.
The World Archery logo embodies the image of the global brand and should be highly visible on a
worldwide scale on:
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Anything that reaches the public concerning archery and archery products
World championships and competitions—signage, printed material and promotional items
Electronic media
Developmental activity and educational materials
Other items that are listed in the Brand Identity Guidelines
The Archery World Cup logo should be used on specific items related to the Archery World Cup its stages
and finals.
Please refer to Appendix 3 for information on colours.
Combined Usage of Logos
World Archery logo and Archery World Cup logo use:
World Cup mixed zone
World championships mixed zone
Banners at World Cup events
World Archery logo and FITA logo use:
Anything that requires FITA’s stamp of approval concerning competitions, i.e. target faces
Annual Report, Officers & Officials Guidebook
NOTE: Specific Olympic rules apply to brands and display of brands. Olympic competitions have not been
listed above.
Other specific logos (Para-Archery, 3D Archery, etc.) have also been designed and are available from FITA.
To obtain the logo guidelines for usage, please contact the FITA Office at: [email protected]
Fonts
Verdana is the font for common electronic document (e.g. Email, Website, Word, etc.)
Helvetica Neue Condensed (or similar) is the preferred font for print publications.
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OUR ATTITUDE AND OUR AUDIENCE
Voice: Friendly, Clear, Respectful
Appearance: Neat, Simple, Sporty, Friendly
Positioning: Modern, Dynamic, Ambitious, Active (“on the move”)
Internal audience: people who are part of the organisation and from whom you “buy.” You want them to
stay. They are considered “inside” the organisation.
External audience: people to whom you are “selling.” You want them to come. They are considered
“outside” the organisation.
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL
Suppliers
Archers/Athletes
Coaches
TSE
Judges/Officials
Archery Clubs
Staff of Continental/Member Associations
FITA Staff
Organising Committees
National Anti-Doping Committees
FITA Council
Sponsors
Media
Spectators
IOC
Lausanne City
Club Med/Private clubs
Presidents of Continental/Member Associations
Other sports organisations
Bid/Host Cities
WADA
FITA President
Volunteers
This is an ever-changing list of possible internal and external audiences.
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SPELLING AND WRITING STYLE
General Comments
Whether for the web or a publication, the general style of writing should be informative, engaging and
adapted to the reader.
Writing should be concise. Where possible, keep sentences short and constructions simple, especially for
the web.
Avoid using long paragraphs. These can be confusing so try to keep the paragraph to one main point.
Where bullet points are used within paragraphs, most standard MS Word or other word processing styles
are acceptable. The guideline to follow is to be consistent and avoid confusion.
For articles destined for the web, try to use interesting titles and opening paragraphs. While it is necessary
to include a number of keywords, it is vital to engage the reader’s attention. For promotional publications
the same techniques can be used. Be careful, however, to avoid such techniques in more academic
publications and for serious topics.
Use language that is informative and friendly and avoid formal language unless appropriate for the subject
and reader. In business letters and reports, do not use contractions: e.g. “do not” instead of “don’t”,
“cannot” instead of “can’t” (NB: although “cannot” is actually a contraction of “can not” it is widely
accepted). However, it is all right to use contractions in quotes.
The website is a branding and marketing tool for the Federation. The language and content should always
reflect a high level of professionalism to portray a positive and credible image.
Documents with several pages should be numbered. As the word processing software can do this, there is
no need to insert abbreviations at the top or bottom of pages such as Ctd or cont.
Use the active voice, not the passive voice, where possible: e.g. ZHANG (CHN) uses modern training
equipment, not modern training equipment is used by ZHANG (CHN).
Use days of the week rather than terms like today or yesterday or tomorrow, as this can be confusing if
items are read at a later date: e.g. Following Thursday’s semifinal win over Croatia, the Lithuanians are
confident of a good result in the final on Saturday.
Use v, not vs, as short for versus when referring to opposing teams or athletes. There is no full stop
(period): e.g. China v Japan.
The following sections list preferred terminology used by FITA and the general English rules followed by
FITA.
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Preferred Archery Terminology
English
International Archery Federation (FITA)
the FITA President
the FITA Member Associations
the FITA Council
the FITA Council Members
the FITA Officers
the FITA Communication
International Foundation for Archery Development
(FIDTA)
Français
Fédération Internationale de Tir à l’Arc (FITA)
le Président de la FITA
les Associations Membres de la FITA
le Conseil de la FITA
les Membres du Conseil de la FITA
les Officiels de la FITA
Communication FITA
Fondation Internationale pour le Développement du Tir à
l’Arc (FIDTA)
Youth Archery
Indoor Archery
Field Archery
Para-Archery
3D Archery
Ski Archery
Run Archery
Flight Archery
Clout Archery
Tir à l’Arc de la Jeunesse
Tir à l’Arc en Salle
Tir à l’Arc en Campagne
Tir à l’Arc Handisport
Tir à l’Arc 3D
Ski Arc
Course Arc
Tir à l’Arc Longue Portée
Tir à l’Arc au Drapeau
World Cup
Archery World Cup
Archery World Cup 2009
Archery World Cup 2009 Stage 1
Archery World Cup 2009 Stage 2 – Porec (CRO), 4-9
May
Archery World Cup Final
Archery World Cup Final 2009
Archery World Cup Final 2009 – Copenhagen (DEN),
26 September
the 2008 World Cup winners
the 2008 Archery World Cup winners
Coupe du Monde
Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc
Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009
Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 Etape 1
Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 Etape 1 – Porec
(CRO), 4-9 May
Finale de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc
Finale de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009
Finale de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 –
Copenhague (DEN), 26 septembre
les vainqueurs de la Coupe du Monde 2008
les vainqueurs de la Coupe du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2008
the world champion
the world championships
the World Archery Championships
the 2007 World Archery Championships
the Ulsan 2009 World Archery Championships
le champion du monde
les championnats du monde
les championnats du monde de tir à l’arc
les championnats du monde de tir à l’arc 2007
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 2009 à Ulsan
the World Archery Indoor Championships
the World Archery Youth Championships
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc en Salle
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc de la
Jeunesse
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc Handisport
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc en Campagne
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc 3D
les Championnats du Monde de Ski Arc
the World Archery Para Championships
the World Archery Field Championships
the World Archery 3D Championships
the World Archery Ski Championships
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the World Archery Run Championships
the World Archery Flight Championships
the World Archery Clout Championships
les Championnats du Monde de Course Arc
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc Longue Portée
les Championnats du Monde de Tir à l’Arc au Drapeau
the Olympic Games
the 2008 Games
the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
the Olympic champion
les Jeux Olympiques
les Jeux de 2008
les Jeux Olympiques de Beijing 2008
le champion olympique
Recurve Men
Compound Women
in recurve men
the recurve men’s category
the recurve division
the recurve men’s world champion 2007
the recurve men’s world ranking
the recurve men’s World Cup ranking
Recurve Men Individual
Recurve Men Team
in recurve men’s individual
in the recurve men’s team event
a recurve (men) archer, a recurve bow
(Arc) Classique Hommes
(Arc à) Poulies Femmes
en (arc) classique hommes
la catégorie (arc) classique hommes
la division (arc) classique
le champion du monde 2007 en (arc) classique hommes
le classement mondial en (arc) classique hommes
le classement de Coupe du Monde en (arc) classique
hommes
Individuel (Arc) Classique Hommes
Equipes (Arc) Classique Hommes
en individuel (arc) classique hommes
dans l’épreuve par équipe (arc) classique hommes
un archer classique (homme), un arc classique
the FITA Round
the 70m Round
four rounds of 36 arrows, at distances of 90, 70, 50,
30 metres for men and 70, 60, 50, 30 metres for
women
l’épreuve FITA
l’épreuve à 70m
Quatre tours de 36 flèches, aux distances de 90, 70, 50,
30 mètres pour les hommes et 70, 60, 50, 30 mètres
pour les dames
the top 64 archers are ranked and paired
the No. 1 seed
seeded No. 1
the No. 1 qualifier
les 64 meilleurs archers sont classés et placés par
paires
la tête de série no 1
(classé) tête de série no 1
le numéro/no 1/premier des qualifications
the qualifications
the eliminations
the finals
the eliminations matches
the finals matches
les qualifications
les éliminatoires
les finales
les matchs d’éliminatoires
les matchs de finales
head-to-head match, match play, duel
single-elimination match/competition
match, face-à-face, duel, match play
match/compétition en élimination directe
the 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 (elimination) rounds
the quarterfinals
the semifinals
the finals
les 1/32 1/16 et 1/8 de finale
les quarts de finale
les demi-finales
les finales
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the gold medal match, the gold final, the 1st place
match
the bronze medal match, the bronze final, the 3rd
place match
le match/la finale pour l’or/pour la médaille d’or, le
match pour le 1e place
le match/la finale pour le bronze/la médaille de bronze,
le match pour la 3e place
In individual finals matches, archers shoot 4x3
arrows. They have 30 seconds to shoot one arrow,
alternately.
In individual eliminations matches, archers shoot 2x6
arrows. They have two minutes to shoot six arrows,
at the same time.
In team finals matches, the teams shoot 4x6 arrows
in two minutes, alternately. There are three archers
per team, who shoot one arrow each in rotation.
Dans les matchs de finales individuels, les archers tirent
4x3 flèches. Ils ont 30 secondes par flèche en tir alterné.
In team eliminations matches, the teams shoot 4x6
arrows in two minutes, simultaneously. The archers
are free to choose the order of shooting.
Dans les matchs éliminatoires individuels, les archers
tirent 2x6 flèches. Ils ont deux minutes pour tirer six
flèches simultanément.
Dans les matchs de finales par équipe, les équipes tirent
4x6 flèches en deux minutes, en alternance. Chaque
équipe se compose de 3 archers qui tirent chaque flèche
à tour de rôle.
Dans les matchs éliminatoires par équipe, l’équipe tire
4x6 flèches en deux minutes, simultanément. Les
archers sont libres de choisir l’ordre de tir.
at a target 70 metres away
a 120-point match
sur une cible à 70 mètres
un match à 120 points
In case of a tie, archers shoot one extra arrow each in
a sudden death shoot-off until one archer wins. The
best score is used as the tie-breaker on the first extra
arrow or, if tied again, on the second extra arrow. If a
third arrow is necessary, the closest arrow
(measurement) to the centre of the target decides the
winner.
a shoot-off, a shoot-off arrow
a tie-break(er)
an extra arrow
Use of dash: three individual places—a total of 24
each (em dash)
Use a hyphen for scores: 120-185
120 points (spell out points)
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th
X10
250 km/h
140+ FITA Member Associations
En cas d’égalité, les archers tirent une flèche
supplémentaire chacun dans un barrage en mort subite
jusqu'à ce que l’un deux gagne. Le meilleur score est
utilisé pour les départager à la première ou deuxième
flèche supplémentaire. A la troisième, la flèche la plus
près du centre détermine le vainqueur.
Scores: 120-185
120 points
1e, 2e, 3e, 4e
X10
250 km/h
Plus de 140 Associations Membres FITA
At the half-way mark, after the first half
Get into the match
The wind blew stronger
Thankfully for VALEEVA
VALEEVA is famous for being
84 seconds into the match/six arrows into the match
VALEEVA had a nice run so far but could not maintain
it
A mi-parcours, à la mi-match, à la mi-temps
Entrer dans le match
Le vent s’est mis à souffler plus fort
Heureusement pour VALEEVA
VALEEVA est connue pour
Après 84 secondes/après six flèches
VALEEVA a fait un beau parcours jusqu’ici, mais n’a pas
su tenir le niveau
World Archery Communication Style Guide
un barrage, un tir/une flèche de barrage
un tie-break
une flèche supplémentaire
Trois places individuelles (un total de 24 chacun)
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He led by two points/He led 85-83 (not was leading
by)
VALEEVA came back strongly in the second half of the
match
She increased her lead to 88-85 and held it at 115112
To recover, to regain one’s self-control, to pull oneself
together
To get one’s act together
GALIAZZO was all around the yellow
GALIAZZO advanced (not went on)
A 1-point advantage/lead (not advance)
Overtake
In a similar vain
A single point, a slim lead of one point (55-54)
Il menait de deux points/Il menait 85-83
VALEEVA est revenue en force dans la deuxième partie
du match
Elle augmentait son avance à 88-85 et la maintenait
jusqu’à 115-112
Se reprendre, se ressaisir
Se reprendre en main
GALIAZZO tirait tout autour du jaune
GALIAZZO avança, progressa, continua
Une avance/un avantage d’un point
Dépasser/passer (en points)
Sur la même ligne
Un petit point d’avance, une petite avance d’un point
Please refer to Appendix 4 for a list of FITA commissions and entities.
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English Rules followed by FITA
Use British English spelling (e.g. medallist, centre, programme, organising, favour, travelling).
If you use a non-English word in an item, either for effect of because an athlete has said it this way, put it
in italics: e.g. “I hope we will win the final tomorrow, inshallah,” said Khalid EL-BEZZAOUI (MAR).
In direct quotations of written text however the original spelling must be used, and names and titles should
always be cited in their original form (e.g. US Department of Labor).
Verbs ending in –ise, ize or –yse:
Where there is a choice between using the suffix –ize or ise the preferred one is –ise (e.g.
monopolise, organisation, UK Eng. form).
In some verbs -ise is not a suffix but part of the root of the word (e.g. to devise, to surprise). In
those cases there is no choice and –ise must be used.
Similarly, when ize is part of the root of a verb (e.g. capsize) no other ending can be used.
Verbs ending in –yse (analyse) should not be spelt with a z.
Use the metric system for measurements, and degrees Celsius (always with a capital C) for temperature.
It is acceptable to use the abbreviations m (metres), kg (kilograms) and cm (centimetres). Do not leave a
gap between the number and the unit: e.g. 70m.
Special Spelling and Usage
After should almost invariably be used rather than following. Also, beware of careless use in sentences
such as “John SMITH (GBR) won a place in the final after beating Paul BROWN (CAN)”. Say instead “... by
beating Paul BROWN (CAN).”
ambience, not ambiance
amount v number
Amount refers to weight, not number. As such, it is correct to say: The team made a high number of errors,
NOT a high amount of errors. A way to distinguish between the two words is by considering the following
sentence: you have an amount of jam in a number of jars.
both: unnecessary in most sentences that contain “and”: both men and women says no more than men
and women, takes longer, and can also be ambiguous.
continuous v continual
Continuous means without intermission; continual means frequently recurring.
defence, not defense
dependant, not dependent
dreamed, not dreamt
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earned, not earnt
ensure v insure v assure
Ensure means to make certain: We have to win our final pool game to ensure we make the finals.
You insure against risk.
Assure means to reinforce: Even though John SMITH did not get a run today, I have assured him
he will be a vital part of our relay team in the future.
everyday v every day
everyday (adjective): an everyday mistake, means daily or ordinary
every day (adjective and noun forming an adverbial phrase): it happens every day, means each
day
farther v further
Farther is applied only to distance (literal or figurative): e.g. “nothing could be farther from the
truth.”
Further means in addition to, another: e.g. “a further point.”
judgment, not judgement
kilometre, not kilometer
km/h, not kph (kilometres per hour)
likable, not likeable
learned v learnt
Learnt is the past tense and past participle of learn.
Learned is the adjective, as in scholarly.
licence v license
Licence is the noun, but beware of licensee (noun)
License is the verb
medallist, not medalist
metre, not meter if distance
occurred, not occured
programme, not program (both noun and verb)
practice is the noun v practise is the verb
received v sustained v suffered
Receiving an injury is to be discouraged. Prefer to say sustained or suffered; and never say someone
received a broken leg; prefer suffered a broken leg or broke a leg.
zeros v zeroes
He scored two zeros in his match vs He zeroes in on the target (aims at)
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Abbreviations
Abbreviations formed by suppressing the middle of a word usually do not require a full stop at the end:
Mr John SMITH
Ms Nicky TAYLOR
Dr Guy FAWKES
St Albans
When an abbreviation is formed by omitting the end of a word, the omitted part should be replaced by a full
stop:
Prof. Henry HIGGINS, Lt.-Col. Peter WEST
We recommend the following:
The use of i.e. for “id est” (that is)
The use of e.g. for “exempli gratia” (for the sake of an example)
The use of NB for “nota bene” (note well)
Exceptions are made with these abbreviations so that they do not need to be followed by a comma but
should be preceded by one unless used within brackets.
Organisations
Abbreviations formed by combining the initial letters of the words that make up the name of an
organization, should be written in capitals without full stops (e.g. IOC, FITA, UN).
Write out the full title the first time it appears in the text followed by its abbreviation in brackets. Thereafter,
use the abbreviation alone. However, it should not be abbreviated at all if a title appears only once or twice
in the whole text.
Acronyms, which can be pronounced as a word (UNESCO, FITA), do not use the definite article with their
names.
Most organisations will have a recognised English title even if their main title is in another language. If the
title is widely recognised in English, use it, otherwise use the original name (e.g. Médecins sans frontières).
Weights and Measures
In a general or narrative text, isolated references to units of weight or measure should not be abbreviated.
The nearest hotel is hundreds of kilometres away.
You should drink at least two litres of water a day.
In reports and tables and in text containing many such references, abbreviations should be used.
Plurals of Abbreviations
Use a lower case “s” without an apostrophe to indicate plurals of abbreviations (“'s” for possessive),
regardless of whether the abbreviations are capitalised (e.g. MAs, NOCs).
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Word “Number”
The word number is abbreviated as follows: e.g. the No. 1 seeded archer.
Currencies
Do not use signs such as $, € or £ when referring to money. Wherever you can, spell out the name of the
currency after the unit: e.g. The venue cost eight million Euros to build.
The following monetary units are those most often referred to:
CHF = Swiss francs (e.g. CHF 25 or 25 Swiss francs)
USD= United States dollars
EUR= Euros
GBP= British pounds
If in doubt, use the standard, three-letter banking codes. (See www.xe.com)
Apostrophes
Apostrophes indicate possession: e.g. It was Italy’s best performance of the tournament or The Koreans’
poor shooting accuracy cost them dearly.
The archer’s bow = one bow belonging to one archer
The archers’ bow = one bow belonging to multiple archers
The archers’ bows = multiple bows belonging to multiple archers
If a person’s name ends with an s, place the apostrophe after the s: e.g. JOHNS’ (AUS) footwork is super.
To use its in a possessive sense, do not use an apostrophe: e.g. The National Stadium hosted its best
football march of the Olympic Games on Friday.
Apostrophes should not be used when referring to plurals or decades. It is correct to say 1990s.
Vertical Lists
Bullets, Numbers and Letters
If you are going to use a list, the first question to ask yourself is what kind of list you should use.
Bullets are just big dots, and you use them to make a bulleted list when the order of the items does not
matter: e.g. The main archery disciplines are
Outdoor Archery
Indoor Archery
Field Archery
3D Archery
Para-Archery
When the order is not important, usually list the items alphabetically or in some other way that seems to
make sense.
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Numbers are reserved for instances where the items in the list need to follow a specific sequence: e.g. To
turn on your laptop
1.
2.
3.
Open the cover
Push the start button
Make tea while the applications load
Letters are useful when you are implying that readers need to choose individual items or when items do
not need to follow a specific sequence, but you want to refer back to an item later: e.g. GoToMyPC is a neat
product:
a.
b.
c.
Set up takes just minutes
Internet access is all you need to access your computer
They are offering a 30-day free trial
Introductory Colons
If your lead-in statement is a complete sentence, then you can use a colon at the end to introduce your list.
If your lead-in statement is a sentence fragment, do not use a colon.
A firm rule is never to put a colon after a verb in a statement that leads into a list: e.g. the phrases my
favourite things are and everyone should bring are sentence fragments, and should not be followed by a
colon.
Capitalisation
Always capitalise the first letter in the statements that come after the bullets, numbers, or letters.
Punctuation
If your list items are complete sentences, use normal terminal punctuation: a period, question mark, or
exclamation mark.
If your list items are single words or sentence fragments, do not use terminal punctuation.
Do not put commas or semicolons after the items, and do not put a conjunction such as and before the last
item.
Parallelism
Make sure all of your list items are parallel. That means each list item should be structured the same way.
They should all be fragments or they should all be complete sentences. If you start one bullet point with a
verb, then start every bullet point with a verb.
Capitalisation
Capitalisation carries with it a strong sense of emphasis. It can thus make a text appear pompous and
break the rhythm of the message for the reader. When there is a choice avoid using capital letters.
The first letter of the words of institutions and periodicals are, however, generally all capitalised (except for
articles and pronouns):
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The Federal Bureau of Investigation
International Archery Federation
The Economist
Days of the week are always capitalised (e.g. Monday, Tuesday, etc).
The names of months are always capitalised (e.g. January, February, etc).
The names of the seasons are not capitalised (e.g. summer, winter, etc).
Below are examples of words that should or should not have the first letter capitalised:
Capitalised
Asian Games
Olympic Games
World Cup
World Archery Championships
Mixed Case
Asian champion
Asian championships
Asian record
European champion
European championships
European record
Olympic champion
Not Capitalised
coach
gold medallist
head coach
judge(s)
world champion
world record
world championships
Use capitals when using an official title for a type of championships. For example, you can write—the
world championships in Ulsan, Korea. However, you have to write—the 2009 World Archery Championships
Ulsan.
The last name of all athletes, coaches, officials and anyone else you may refer to should be entirely
capitalised, such as: Ichiro SUZUKI.
The categories, divisions or disciplines should be capitalised in titles but not within a sentence.
Country Noun, Adjective and Code
In English, country nouns and adjectives are always capitalised.
Country nouns and adjectives: Italy’s Marco GALIAZZO, the Italian GALIAZZO, GALIAZZO from Italy, the
Italian team, the Italian archers, the Italian, the Italians, etc.
Other examples:
Argentine, noun and adjective; not Argentinian
Sing: A British person, a Briton; Pl: The British; The British archers
Sing: An Englishman/Englishwoman; Pl: The English; The English archers
Sing: A Frenchman/Frenchwoman; Pl: The French; The French archers
Sing: A Pole; Pl: The Poles; The Polish archers
Put NOC codes in brackets/parentheses after the first reference to an athlete: e.g. Viktor RUBAN (UKR). The
NOC code is unnecessary if you have already noted his/her country: e.g. Ukraine’s Viktor RUBAN.
Please refer to Appendix 5 for the list of NOC codes.
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Chinese Taipei: Always use Chinese Taipei; do not use Taiwan or Formosa. You can say Chinese Taipei
delegation of athletes, but do not say Taiwanese delegation of athletes. However, you can say athletes from
China’s mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Hong Kong: After the handover in 1997, Hong Kong was officially named The Hong Kong Special
Administrative Region (SAR). And in international sports competitions, Hong Kong competes in the name of
Hong Kong, China. In reports, use Hong Kong, China on the first reference and simply Hong Kong on
subsequent references.
Korea: Although in sports reports, South Korea has been universally accepted as the (Republic of) Korea
(KOR), use Korea in FITA reports.
Always use DPR Korea (PRK) for the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Do not use North Korea.
Dates
The correct way to write the date out in full is Sunday, 10 August 2008.
Dates for an article should stand under the title and be written like this: Lausanne – 10 August 2008.
The abbreviated numerical form (e.g. 29.3.94 or 10/12/94) should be avoided since it may confuse people
used to the American way of expressing dates. In the second of these examples, the date could be read
either as 10 December or 12 October.
If lack of space makes it necessary to abbreviate the names of months the following forms should be used:
Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec.
Note that September is abbreviated to four letters and there are no abbreviated forms for May, June or July.
References to a time span of two or more years should be written as follows:
In 1989 and 1990
From 1989 to 1992
Between 2001 and 2005
Figures for the 1990–1993 period
An en dash is used for a range of years, dates and times.
Exception 1: If you want to start a sentence with a number, always spell it out. In this case, use hyphens in
numbers: e.g. Twenty-three spectators turned up to watch the game.
Exception 2: Always write the figure if a unit of measurement follows: e.g. 8cm, 6 per cent (per cent, in
British English, is two words).
Numbers consisting of four digits or greater should be separated by commas as follows: 1,000; 10,000;
100,000 and 1,000,000.
Rankings are written like this: The world’s No. 1 archer has been in top form this week (with a capital N, a
full stop after the o, and a space before the number).
References to decades are expressed by an “s” immediately following the last digit (e.g. The 1960s).
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Consecutive years are written with a hyphen, and a season that goes over the northern winter is written
with a backslash:
The 1994-95 academic year
The 2007/08 season
Hyphenation
Hyphens are normally used to show that two or more words should be treated as a single unit. In some
cases a hyphen or lack of one can alter the sentence completely, e.g.
The restaurant serves 600-odd customers
The restaurant serves 600 odd customers
The 20-year-old athlete
He is 20 years old
Compound adjectives are usually written with a hyphen (e.g. little-known rule, high-level talks).
However, in similar constructions where an adjective is itself qualified by an adverb ending in –ly no
hyphen is used (e.g. newly ranked competitors, highly qualified staff).
Fractions are usually hyphenated.
One-tenth of all employees, four-fifths of archers
Points of the compass in their combined form are hyphenated (e.g. north-east, north-west, south-east).
Eye to eye, no hyphen
Below is a table containing the correct spelling of some common terms:
One Word
lifelong (as adjective)
nearby
newcomer
overreact
override
overrule
playoff*
quarterfinal
semifinal
teammate
workout
Hyphenated
half-time
kick-off**
little-known (as adjective)
non-stop
part-time
post-mortem
runner(s)-up
tie-break(er)
warm-up***
well-being
Multiple Words
no one
per cent
round robin****
vice versa
world record holder
* As a noun. The verb play off is two words: e.g. they will play off for the bronze medal.
** As a noun. The verb kick off is two words, no hyphen.
*** As a noun or a compound modifier: e.g. the coach went down to the warm-up area. The verb warm up
is two words: e.g. he warmed up before the match.
**** As a noun. The adjective round-robin is hyphenated.
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reWhenever possible, run the prefix on to the word it qualifies: e.g. readmission, remake, rework, etc; but
there are two main classes of exceptions:
a)
b)
Where the word after re- begins with an “e”: e.g. re-election, re-emerge, re-examine, re-enter,
etc
Where there could be serious ambiguity in compounds such as re-creation (recreation), re-cover
(recover), re-dress (redress), re-form (reform)
Letter Writing
The basics of good business letter writing are easy to learn. The following are the phrases that are usually
found in any standard business letter.
Punctuation
Use open punctuation. That means removing any punctuation marks that are not essential for meaning.
This not only saves time but looks neater. We recommend, however, using a comma after the greeting and
ending (e.g. “Dear Sir,” or “Yours sincerely,”).
Mr John Smith
16 Dale Road
Chelsea
London SW3
United Kingdom
Salutation
Dear Personnel Director, or Dear Managing Director,
Dear Sir, or Dear Madam, (use if you do not know to whom you are writing)
Dear Sirs, (plural)
No plural for Dear Madam,
Dear Dr or Mr or Ms or Mrs or Miss (use if you know who you are writing to and have a formal
relationship with them)
Use Ms for a woman unless asked to use Mrs or Miss
Dear Bill, (use person’s first name if known quite well)
Reference
With reference to your phone call today…
Thank you for your letter of 5 March.
Reason for Writing
I am writing to enquire about, apologise for, confirm…
Request
Could you possibly send me…?
I would be grateful if you could…
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Enclosing Documents
I am enclosing…
Please find enclosed…
Enclosed you will find…
Closing Remarks
Thank you for your help.
Please contact us if you have any further questions.
Please contact us again if we can help in any way.
Reference to Future Contact
I look forward to working with you…
Finish
Yours faithfully (if you do not know the name of the person you are writing to)
Yours sincerely (if you know the name of the person you are writing to)
Best regards (if the person is a close business contact or friend)
End Notations
If additional material is enclosed, write: Enclosure or Enclosures: (3) at the bottom of the letter
after the signature name.
If a copy of the letter is being made for someone else, use the reference cc: for carbon copy and
include the names of the other recipients.
Please refer to Appendix 6 for a template of letter.
Names
Always spell names as they appear on the athlete’s accreditation. First name and last name order is based
on the athlete’s country.
For China, Hong Kong, North Korea, South Korea, Singapore and Chinese Taipei, write names like this:
ZHANG Juan Juan on first reference, and ZHANG on subsequent references. ZHANG is always capped.
For all other NOCs, write names like this: Viktor RUBAN on first reference and RUBAN on subsequent
references. RUBAN is always capped.
Numbers
When using numbers in a story, write out the numbers from zero to nine, and use the actual number for 10
and above:
They have five sons.
The house took seven years to build.
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However, they can be written as figures in lists or tables, in percentages, with an abbreviated unit of
measurement or if part of a series which includes numbers greater than nine. For example:
This was a 5 per cent increase over the previous year.
This recipe requires 1kg of flour.
We saw 14 dogs, 11 cats and 6 horses.
Numbers from 10 on should normally be expressed in figures, though in isolated references or narrative
text they may be written out in full. Therefore:
The registration fee is 35 Swiss francs per person.
We visited 23 countries in 12 weeks.
There were sixty or so participants.
This is the worst outbreak of cholera in the past hundred years.
When writing what place an athlete or team achieved in a competition, the zero to nine rule does not apply.
For instance, He ranked 4th or He finished at 2nd place.
Scores are written out in full numbers: VALEEVA beat WILLIAMSON 115-113.
Do not start a sentence with a figure. Instead either spell out the number if it is short (e.g. Fifty children
began school today) or rearrange the phrase (e.g. A total of 50 children)
Adverbs such as “about”, “around”, “roughly”, “some” are meant to indicate approximation and should
normally be used only with round numbers not with exact figures.
We had about eight drinks.
The hall seats about ninety people.
Punctuation
There should be no space between a punctuation mark and the word immediately preceding it. This applies
to all punctuation marks, including colons, question marks and exclamation marks.
As regards punctuation marks used with numbers, the following should be noted:
A comma is used with figures of more than three digits to separate hundreds, thousands and millions
(3,000; 12,540, 15,658,900)
Decimals under 1.0 require a 0 in front of them (0.5).
Quotation Marks
Use “double” quotation marks to quote someone. Commas and full stops (periods) always fall within
quotation marks: e.g. “We played brilliantly,” said WILLIAMSON.
Use single quotation marks if you are referring to a nickname: e.g. SUKAIME goes by the nickname
‘Corporal,’ which dates back to his army days in Singapore.
Use single quotation marks for a quote inside a quote: e.g. “My coach told me, ‘You can win gold today,
kid.’”
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Singular v Plural for Teams and Countries
All clubs and international teams are plural when referring to the team: e.g. Italy are the World Cup winners.
All countries are singular when referring to just the country: e.g. Germany is the most successful nation at
the European Athletics Championships with 14 gold medals.
Time of Day
Use the 24-hour clock: e.g. The game begins at 18:30.
Who v Whom
These two words are not interchangeable.
Who is the pronoun used for references to human beings and to animals with a name. It is grammatically
the subject (never the object) of a sentence, clause or phrase: e.g. The woman who rented the room left the
window open. Who is there?
Whom is used when someone is the object of a verb or preposition: e.g. The woman to whom the room
was rented left the window open. Whom do you wish to see?
Following are some examples of common but incorrect pronoun usage:
He is probably the only player in the world that can win a game by himself.
If referring to a person, use who and not that or which: e.g. He is probably the only player in the
world who can win a game by himself.
It was his first major marathon title since the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, where he won gold
in world record time.
If you’re referring to an event, the use of when or where depends on the last reference to that
event. In the above example, the last reference is 2000, so it is correct to say when, not where:
e.g. It was his first major marathon title since the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000, when he won
gold in world record time.
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REFERENCES
The Economist Style Guide published by Profile Books
The Olympic News Service Style Guide for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games
http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/formatting-vertical-lists.aspx
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APPENDIX 1
FITA Logo
Full Colour
1-Colour Line Art
1-Colour Greyscale
Full Colour Information
Gold
PMS #871 (when metallic ink is available)
Gold
PMS #112 (when metallic ink is not used)
Red
PMS #1788
Yellow
Process yellow
Blue
Cyan blue
Black
100%
1-Colour Line Art Information
Black
100%
1-Colour Greyscale Information
10 & 9 rings (centre)
25%
8 & 7 rings
75%
6 & 5 rings
50%
4 & 3 rings
100%
Outside ring
10%
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APPENDIX 2
World Archery Logo
Please also refer to the Brand Identity Guidelines.
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APPENDIX 3
Archery World Cup Logo
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APPENDIX 4
FITA Commissions
English
FITA Congress
FITA Council
FITA Executive Committee
FITA Officers
Honorary Officer
FITA Office
Member Association
Continental Association
Permanent Committee
Ad Hoc Committee
Athletes Committee
Coaches Committee
Constitution & Rules (C&R) Committee
Field Archery Committee
Judges Committee
Medical and Sport Sciences Committee (MSSC)
Target Archery Committee
Technical Committee
Ad Hoc Committee
IMAP Committee
Para-Archery Committee
Youth Development Committee
Youth Olympic Games (YOG) Committee
Other Commissions
Anti-Doping Panel
Audit Board
Board of Justice
Board of Trustees
Ethics Commission
Archery World Plan Steering Group
World Archery Communication Style Guide
French
Congrès de la FITA
Conseil de la FITA
Comité Exécutif de la FITA
Officiels de la FITA
Membre d’Honneur
Bureau de la FITA
Association Membre
Association Continentale
Comité Permanent
Comité Ad Hoc
Comité des Athlètes
Comité des Entraîneurs
Comité Constitution & Règlements (C&R)
Comité du Tir à l’Arc en Campagne
Comité des Juges
Comité Médical et Sciences du Sport
Comité du Tir à l’Arc sur Cibles
Comité Technique
Comité Ad Hoc
Comité IMAP
Comité du Tir à l’Arc Handisport
Comité de Développement Jeunesse
Comité des Jeux Olympiques de la Jeunesse (JOJ)
Autres Commissions
Panel Antidopage
Commission d’Audit
Conseil de Discipline
Commission des Sages
Commission d’Ethique
Groupe de Pilotage du Plan Mondial de Tir à l’Arc
Page 29 of 34
APPENDIX 5
Country Names and Codes
Code
AFG
ALG
ARG
ARM
ARU
ASA
AUS
AUT
AZE
BAN
BAR
BEL
BEN
BER
BHU
BLR
BRA
BUL
CAM
CAN
CHA
CHI
CHN
CIV
COL
CRC
CRO
CUB
CYP
CZE
DEN
DMA
DOM
ECU
EGY
ESA
ESP
EST
FER
English
Afghanistan
Algeria
Argentina
Armenia
Aruba
American Samoa
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belgium
Benin
Bermuda
Bhutan
Belarus
Brazil
Bulgaria
Cambodia
Canada
Chad
Chile
People’s Republic of China
Ivory Coast
Colombia
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Spain
Estonia
Faroe Islands
World Archery Communication Style Guide
French
Afghanistan
Algérie
Argentine
Arménie
Aruba
Samoa américaines
Australie
Autriche
Azerbaïdjan
Bangladesh
Barbade
Belgique
Bénin
Bermudes
Bhoutan
Belarus
Brésil
Bulgarie
Cambodge
Canada
Tchad
Chili
République populaire de Chine
Côte d’Ivoire
Colombie
Costa Rica
Croatie
Cuba
Chypre
République tchèque
Danemark
Dominique
République dominicaine
Equateur
Egypte
El Salvador
Espagne
Estonie
Iles Féroé
Page 30 of 34
FIJ
FIN
FPO
FRA
GBR
GEO
GER
GRE
GUA
GUM
HAI
HKG
HON
HUN
INA
IND
IRI
IRL
IRQ
ISL
ISR
ITA
JPN
KAZ
KEN
KGZ
KIR
KOR
KSA
KUW
LAO
LAT
LBA
LIB
LIE
LTU
LUX
MAC
MAR
MAS
MDA
MEX
MGL
MKD
MLT
Fiji
Finland
Tahiti
France
Great Britain
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Guatemala
Guam
Haiti
Hong Kong, China
Honduras
Hungary
Indonesia
India
Islamic Republic of Iran
Ireland
Iraq
Iceland
Israel
Italy
Japan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kyrgyzstan
Kiribati
Korea
Saudi Arabia
Kuwait
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Latvia
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Lebanon
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macau
Morocco
Malaysia
Republic of Moldova
Mexico
Mongolia
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Malta
World Archery Communication Style Guide
Fidji
Finlande
Tahiti
France
Grande-Bretagne
Géorgie
Allemagne
Grèce
Guatemala
Guam
Haïti
Hong-Kong, Chine
Honduras
Hongrie
Indonésie
Inde
République islamique d’Iran
Irlande
Irak
Islande
Israël
Italie
Japon
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kirghizistan
Kiribati
Corée
Arabie saoudite
Koweït
République démocratique populaire Lao
Lettonie
Jamahiriya arabe libyenne
Liban
Liechtenstein
Lituanie
Luxembourg
Macao
Maroc
Malaisie
République de Moldavie
Mexique
Mongolie
Ex-République yougoslave de Macédoine
Malte
Page 31 of 34
MNE
MON
MRI
MYA
NAM
NCA
NED
NEP
NFI
NGR
NOR
NZL
PAK
PAN
PAR
PER
PHI
PLW
PNG
POL
POR
PRK
PUR
QAT
ROU
RSA
RUS
SAM
SIN
SLO
SMR
SOL
SOM
SRB
SRI
SUI
SUR
SVK
SWE
SYR
TGA
THA
TJK
TPE
TRI
Montenegro
Monaco
Mauritius
Myanmar
Namibia
Nicaragua
Netherlands
Nepal
Norfolk Islands
Nigeria
Norway
New Zealand
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Poland
Portugal
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Puerto Rico
Qatar
Romania
South Africa
Russian Federation
Samoa
Singapore
Slovenia
San Marino
Solomon Islands
Somalia
Serbia
Sri Lanka
Switzerland
Suriname
Slovakia
Sweden
Syrian Arab Republic
Tonga
Thailand
Tajikistan
Chinese Taipei
Trinidad and Tobago
World Archery Communication Style Guide
Monténégro
Monaco
Maurice
Birmanie
Namibie
Nicaragua
Pays-Bas
Népal
Iles Norfolk
Nigeria
Norvège
Nouvelle-Zélande
Pakistan
Panama
Paraguay
Pérou
Philippines
Palaos
Papouasie Nouvelle-Guinée
Pologne
Portugal
République populaire démocratique de Corée
Porto Rico
Qatar
Roumanie
Afrique du Sud
Fédération de Russie
Samoa
Singapour
Slovénie
Saint-Marin
Iles Salomon
Somalie
Serbie
Sri Lanka
Suisse
Suriname
Slovaquie
Suède
République arabe syrienne
Tonga
Thaïlande
Tadjikistan
Chinese Taipei
Trinité-et-Tobago
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TUR
UGA
UKR
URU
USA
UZB
VAN
VEN
VIE
ZAM
ZIM
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
Uruguay
United States of America
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambia
Zimbabwe
World Archery Communication Style Guide
Turquie
Ouganda
Ukraine
Uruguay
Etats-Unis d’Amérique
Ouzbékistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Vietnam
Zambie
Zimbabwe
Page 33 of 34
APPENDIX 6
Sample Letter
Mr John Smith
World Media Group
14 Alice Street
London SW3 4EF
United Kingdom
Lausanne, 2 April 2009
Subject (do not write “Subject”)
Dear Mr Smith,
With reference to your letter dated 23 March, we are very happy to give you
permission to use the photographs of the World Archery Federation in your
magazine to illustrate your article. Please include the normal copyright notice.
I was very pleased to meet you and am glad that you found our meeting
productive. I will be interested to read your feature in the next issue of the
magazine.
Please do not hesitate to contact me if I can be of any further help.
Yours sincerely,
Tom DIELEN
Secretary General
Enclosure:
cc: Anthony Hollis
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