Guided Notes 3.1 Solutions A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single physical state. There are several properties of solutions: -‐ the particles in solution are very _______________ (usually atoms, molecules or ions) -‐ the particles are ___________________ distributed (every sample will have the same concentration as every other sample) -‐ the particles will not ______________________________ There are two components to a solution: 1) solute – example: 2) solvent – example: There are 4 types of solutions 1) alloys -‐ solid solutions – examples: 2) gas solutions – examples: 3) liquid solutions – examples: 4) aqueous solutions -‐ water is solvent – examples: Solubility & Saturation Solubility is the term that explains the ________________________ of a solute that will dissolve in a specific solvent. For instance, sugar dissolves in water very easily. Therefore, sugar is said to have a ________________ solubility in water. Conversely, sand does not dissolve in water. Sand has ________________ solubility in water. When a substance does dissolve, we can classify the solution under three terms: 1) Saturated – 2) Unsaturated – 3) Supersaturated -‐ How are supersaturated solutions made? Solution Properties Guided Notes 3.1 Effects on Solubility Solubility can be affected by the temperature of the solvent. The graph at right shows the solubility of several solids at different temperatures in ___________ g of water. Any point on the curve is saturated. Therefore a saturated solution of KNO3 at 25 OC would contain approximately 40 grams of dissolved potassium nitrate. What is the solubility of KCl at 80 OC in 100 g of water? Any point _________________ the curve indicates an unsaturated solution. At 25 OC, an unsaturated solution of KNO3 would contain ___________________ than 40 grams of dissolved potassium nitrate. Any point ____________________ the line is a supersaturated solution. At 25 OC, any amount of dissolved KNO3 _____________________ than 40 grams would be supersaturated. A solution of KCl is made by dissolving 32 g of KCl in 100 g of water at 15 OC. What kind of solution has been made? Solution Properties