MANUAL HANDLING OF MATERIALS A TRAINING FOR THE METALWORKING INDUSTRIES 1
1 MANUAL HANDLING OF MATERIALS A TRAINING FOR THE METALWORKING INDUSTRIES © 2008 All Rights Reserved 2 Table of Contents Introduction Risk management on manual handling Hazards associated with manual handling Common injuries & occupational diseases Proper manual handling methodology Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) Job design to prevent injuries Case study © 2008 All Rights Reserved 3 Introduction Manual handling is a common activity in most workplaces It includes lifting, lowering, pulling, pushing, carrying, moving, holding or restraining an object Injuries and musculoskeletal disorders affect the back, neck, shoulders, arms & hands It can be prevented through a systemic approach of identification, assessment and control of risks associated with manual handling © 2008 All Rights Reserved 4 Occupational Diseases in Singapore Source: Ministry of Manpower © 2008 All Rights Reserved 5 Risk Management on Manual Handling Required to manage risks under WSH (Risk Management) regulations Assess the risk Take all reasonably practical steps Eliminate any risks © 2008 All Rights Reserved 6 Risk Management on Manual Handling Step 1: Identification of hazard Picture source: http://www.safetyworld.com/images/101.gif © 2008 All Rights Reserved 7 Risk Management on Manual Handling Step 2: Assess the risk Dependent on severity of risk and likelihood of hazards occurring severity X likelihood = risk level Risk Level = Low, Moderate or High © 2008 All Rights Reserved 8 Risk Management on Manual Handling Severity Minor Moderate Major Remote Low Low Medium Occasional Low Medium High Frequent Medium High High Likelihood © 2008 All Rights Reserved 9 Risk Management on Manual Handling Step 3: Select Measures to Control and Reduce Risk Based on hierarchy of hazards control 1st – Remove the hazard 2nd – Guard the remaining hazards 3rd – Mitigate impact of hazard © 2008 All Rights Reserved 10 Risk Management on Manual Handling HIERARCHY OF HAZARDS CONTROL © 2008 All Rights Reserved 11 Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Heavy Lifting over 25kg load can result in back injury Picture source: http://www.masterlift.ie/images/HealthAndSaftey/HandS.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 12 Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Heavy © 2008 All Rights Reserved 13 Hazards Associated with Manual Handling - Sharp Potential Cuts on the fingers Picture source : http://www.prab.com Picture source : http://www.offscreen.com/images/remote2.jpg Picture source: http://www.whimsie.com/sheet%20metal%20rolls.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 14 Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Odd shapes Absence of grip to hold the load Obstruction of walking view Picture source: http://make-a-box.com Picture source: http://www.fork-lift-trucks.info © 2008 All Rights Reserved 15 Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Toxic substances Skin exposure to chemicals Picture source: http://discountpowerparts.com Coolant Lubricants Picture source: http://www.vacmagic.com/images/fixture%20macchining%20scene.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 16 Hazards Associated with Manual Handling – Toxic substances Exposure to chemical dust, fumes & vapours Picture source: http://www.railcamp.com Picture source: http://www.airborncoatings.com/images/air3.gif © 2008 All Rights Reserved 17 Common Injuries From Manual Handling Neck Strain Picture source: http://www.abcbodybuilding.com/exercise2/neckspra.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 18 Common Injuries From Manual Handling Wrist Sprains Back Sprains Picture source: http://athleticscholarships.net/back%20pain.jpg Picture source: http://www.drfoot.co.uk/pictures/wrist.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 19 Common Injuries From Manual Handling Shoulder pain Upper back pain Picture source: http://www.gotosee.co.uk Picture source: http://medicineworld.org © 2008 All Rights Reserved 20 Common Injuries From Manual Handling Slips, trips and fall Picture source: http://www.istockphoto.com Picture source: http://www.greenbergmassarelli.com/Images/slip_fall.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 21 Common Injuries From Manual Handling Cuts Picture source : http://krismarkel.com/eclaircie/photos/uncategorized/ouch.JPG Picture source: http://www.thealmightyguru.com/Boffer/Images/FA-MinorCut.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 22 Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Skin dermatitis Picture source: http://www.osh.govt.nz © 2008 All Rights Reserved 23 Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Skin dermatitis Picture source: http://www.ascc.gov.au © 2008 All Rights Reserved 24 Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Occupational respiratory & lung diseases Picture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-ww5r370.jpg Picture source: http://myweb.lsbu.ac.uk/dirt/museum/simon/68-776-gse15.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 25 Health Hazards Resulting From Chemical Handling Occupational eye diseases Picture source: http://content.revolutionhealth.com/contentimages/images-image_popup-r7_conjunctivitis.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 26 Proper Manual Handling - Individual ALWAYS KEEP YOUR BACK STRAIGHT WHILE LIFTING Step 1: Hold the load firmly Step 2: Keep the load close to you Step 3: Lift the load by pushing up your leg Step 4: Ensure your legs are stable before moving off © 2008 All Rights Reserved 27 Proper Manual Handling - Individual Lifting aids © 2008 All Rights Reserved 28 Proper Manual Handling - Individual Lifting aids © 2008 All Rights Reserved 29 Proper Manual Handling - Individual Lifting aids Source: CP 92 : 2002 © 2008 All Rights Reserved 30 Proper Manual Handling – Team Team/buddy lifting Picture source: www.fork-lift-trucks.info © 2008 All Rights Reserved 31 Proper Manual Handling – Team Team/buddy lifting Picture source: http://www.atlasstraps.com/example2.gif © 2008 All Rights Reserved 32 Selection of PPE for Manual Handling Are there any sharp or point edges? Is it enough to prevent injuries or occupational diseases? Does the PPE fit you correctly? Does the PPE wear out easily? Is it based on chemical properties of the substance? Does it minimize contact with chemicals? Is it easy to clean and maintain? © 2008 All Rights Reserved 33 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Safety boots Protective gloves Helmets Working apron or overalls Goggles or safety glasses Face mask or respirators Picture source: http://www.osha.gov © 2008 All Rights Reserved 34 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Safety boots Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://www.veganline.com/safety-boot-big.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 35 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Protective gloves Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://www.dkimages.com © 2008 All Rights Reserved 36 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Helmets Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://myweb.datahalland.se/w-15080/admin/picture/20050919154156.jpg © 2008 All Rights Reserved 37 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Working apron or safety overalls Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://www.anzic-int.com Picture source: http://www.dashackoutdoors.com © 2008 All Rights Reserved 38 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Goggles or safety glasses Picture source: http://www.hse.gov.uk Picture source: http://teachertech.rice.edu Picture source: http://www.wintex.ca/english/Images/PPE026b.gif © 2008 All Rights Reserved 39 Use of PPE for Manual Handling Face mask or respirator Picture source: http://www.ammex.com Picture source: http://www.shingleberrysigns.com Picture source: http://www.toolrage.com © 2008 All Rights Reserved 40 Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Team handling for heavy or odd shape loads Breaks to reduce muscular fatigue Handlers job rotation between heavy and light activities Rearrange workplace to reduce twisting, stretching & stooping Picture source : http://www.ilo.org © 2008 All Rights Reserved 41 Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Keep heavy loads around waist level Use of mechanical handling aid Package heavy materials into smaller container Picture source: http://www.osha.gov Picture source: CP 92 : 2002 © 2008 All Rights Reserved 42 Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Provide handles, hand grips or indents for loads Loads to be free from dust, oil, corrosive deposits, sharp corners, jagged edges or rough surfaces Indents & Handles Picture source : http://www.saylorsfarm.com Picture source : http://www.powerwheel-usa.com © 2008 All Rights Reserved 43 Job Designs to Prevent Manual Handling Injuries Provide secondary containment for chemicals Picture source : http://www.smithsofthedean.co.uk Picture source : http://www.fuelproof.co.uk © 2008 All Rights Reserved 44 Case Study The Case of Peter Peter injured his back while moving some large drums. He has previously suffered from back problems but felt that it was under control. His doctor had advised him not to lift anything above 20 kg but he had not passed this information to his boss. The injury was serious enough to land Peter in the hospital. Subsequently Peter was diagnosed with a torn disk. Peter admitted the drums were heavy, but wanted to have the job done. What should Peter have done? Picture source : http://education.qld.gov.au/health/injury/casestudy.html © 2008 All Rights Reserved 45 Summary of Key Points Hazards from manual handling Common injuries and occupational diseases Proper manual handling methods Use of PPE Job designs to prevent manual handling injuries © 2008 All Rights Reserved 46 Musculoskeletal injuries and Occupational diseases is preventable Be proactive: it is up to US to prevent it © 2008 All Rights Reserved 47 Thank You © 2008 All Rights Reserved 48 References: 1. CP 92: 2002 Code of Practice for Manual Handling 2. Ministry of Manpower – Guidelines for Manual Handling 3. SS 437 : 1999 Part 2 : Specification for personal eye-protectors part 2 : selection, use and maintenance 4. SS 513 : 2005 Part 1 : Personal protective equipment – footwear. Part 1: Safety footwear 5. CP 74 : 1998 Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protection devices © 2008 All Rights Reserved 49 Appendix 1 © 2008 All Rights Reserved 50 Appendix 1 © 2008 All Rights Reserved 51 Appendix 1 © 2008 All Rights Reserved
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