Chapter 4 Scope Management Delivering on change expectations Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing Chapter overview 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Planning scope management Collecting the requirements Defining the scope Objective validation criteria Controlling the scope © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 2 Planning scope management 1. A scope management plan documents ‘…how the project scope will be defined, validated and controlled’ (PMBOK 2012). 2. Establishes the direction and guidance parameters on how the scope itself (project or product/service based) will be managed. 3. Provides a formal mechanism o limit, assess and authorise changes on a consistent and transparent basis. © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 3 Collecting the requirements What Business requirements Stakeholder requirements Functional/technical or non-functional requirements How – Interviews, focus groups, questionnaires, workshops, storyboards, observation, prototypes, document analysis, provisional designs © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 4 Defining the scope What is (inclusions) and what isn’t (exclusions) required Establishes a scope baseline for comparisons and updates Forms the foundation of the project plan Investigates if expectation meets capability Identifies the project deliverables, results and benefits © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 5 The work breakdown structure (WBS) Decomposes the project o What work must be performed? • identifies all required activities o How long will each activity take? • determines the duration o What resources can perform the work? • determines who is needed o How much investment is required? • determines what budget is needed © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 6 Objective validation criteria Client acceptance will never be automatic in any project. Consider the following criteria to add a little formality to the process: issuing compliance certificates measuring work performance conducting variance analysis undertaking physical inspections conducting quality testing scheduling independent audits assessing technical feasibility maintaining a traceability matrix © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 7 Controlling the scope Scope will always change over time (scope creep) Other words for scope creep are innovation, continuous improvement, a client change of mind or just poor management Scope control requires a written process with formal approval Proposed changes should be assessed against all other project variables (time, cost, risk, contracts, quality, …) Implemented changes must produce updated project plans and related documents © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 8 Review questions 1. What is meant by the term ‘scope management plan’, and what does it involve? 2. What are some of the tool and techniques used to capture the scope baseline? 3. What role do inclusions and exclusions play in the processes underpinning scope management? 4. How does scope management differ from scope control? 5. What are the essential components of an effective change request process? © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 9 Group learning activities Debate the value (and the time involved) in planning for scope management Confirm which requirement collecting techniques are preferred by the learners, and why Discuss why capability is crucial to expectations Evaluate the merit of both the graphical WBS (Figure 4.3) and the tabular representation (Table 4.4) Discuss whether the costs (and time) required to carry out validation criteria should be borne by the client Identify additional causes for scope creep © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 10 Assessment options Write a (one page) scope management plan Develop a requirements gathering plan/protocol that communicates exactly how requirement will be elicited from stakeholders (process and documents) Create a (one page) scope baseline document Develop a work breakdown structure (WBS) for a project (using either Excel or MS Project) Write a procedure on how project scope will be controlled throughout the project Short answer questions Multiple choice questions © 2014 Hartley, Project Management: Integrating Strategy, Operations and Change, 3e Tilde Publishing 11
© Copyright 2024