The Regeneration of Cardiff Bay • By 1907 1950s Economic Boom 1970s Major Economic Decline Inner city policies • In the 1980s, the Government began to push policies for inner city regeneration. • Inner city programmes have 6 main aims: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. To enhance job prospects. To bring land and buildings back to use. Improve housing conditions. Encourage private sector investment. Improve the social fabric. Improve environmental quality. Urban Development Corporations One of the major schemes to be set up was the Urban Development Corporations. These were given powers to: • Acquire and reclaim land for REGENERATION • Promote new industrial and housing development • Support community facilities. WHY DID CARDIFF NEED AN URBAN DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION? • The global demand for coal decreased and the industry started had declined after WWII. • This decline left large areas, designed in the C19th, with no major use. This was the whole Bay area • Unemployment became a problem and those who could afford to left the area. Ethnic minorities migrated inwards. • Tiger Bay and Butetown became places of multiple deprivation. Crime rates increased and there was physical deterioration of the urban fabric. • It was against this background that plans to transform Cardiff Docks into Cardiff Bay were drawn up. WHEN WAS THE CBDC ESTABLISHED? • The Cardiff Bay Development Corporation was established in April 1987 to regenerate the 1,100 hectares of derelict docklands of Cardiff and Penarth. CBDC MISSION STATEMENT To put Cardiff on the International Map as a superlative maritime city which will stand comparison with any such city in the world, thereby enhancing the image and economic well-being of Cardiff and Wales as a whole WHAT WERE THE AIMS OF THE CBDC? • To re-unite the city centre of Cardiff with its waterfront. • To promote development and provide a superb environment in which people will want to live, work and play. • To bring forward a mix of development which would create a wide range of job opportunities and would reflect the hopes and aspirations of the communities of the area. • To achieve the highest standard of design and quality in all types of development and investment. • To establish the area as a recognised centre of excellence and innovation in the field of urban regeneration. Millennium Stadium Lloyd George Avenue CBD Atlantic Wharf Welsh Millennium Centre River Ely Senydd Flats Roath Basin St Davids Hotel Visitor Centre Techniquest Mermaid Quay Norwegian Church Cardiff Bay Retail Park River Taff St Davids Hotel Cardiff Bay Sports Village Penarth Marina The Barrage IMPACTS OF THE CBDC ON CARDIFF BAY Positive Impacts Social Impacts Economic Impacts Environmental Impacts Negative Impacts Really good – student video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VqRsRJNXng • Cbdc causes and impacts of regeneration POSITIVE SOCIAL IMPACTS • Preservations of crafts • Provision of community facilities NEGATIVE SOCIAL IMPACTS • • • • Conflicts with the host community Crime Loss of cultural identity Social problems POSITIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS • • • • Increased Income Increased Employment Improved Infrastructure Multiplier Effect NEGATIVE ECONOMIC IMPACTS • Increased living costs • Decline of traditional employment opportunities • Seasonality of employment • Increased taxes • Leakages POSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS • • • • • Improved assets Landscaping Conservation Regeneration Building regulations NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS • Traffic congestion • Pollution of air, water; litter and noise • Destruction of natural wildlife systems and breeding patterns How can we evaluate the success of the Cardiff Bay Development Corporation? ‘Was it just too early to pull the plug on CBDC?’ - What problems were predicted following the ending of CBDC? ‘Bay’s voyage into unchartered waters’ - What did CBDC claim as success and failures?