Download Report

Third Edition
Chapter 5
Windows XP Professional
McGraw-Hill
1
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Learning Outcomes
• Describe Windows XP Professional benefits
and features
• Install and configure Windows XP Professional
• Manage Windows XP Professional
• Secure Windows XP Professional
• Troubleshoot common Windows XP
Professional problems
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Windows XP Overview
• Windows XP Editions
– Windows XP Professional
– Windows XP Home Edition
– Windows XP Media Center Edition
– Windows XP Tablet PC Edition
– Windows XP Embedded
– Windows XP 64-bit Edition
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The Windows XP desktop (with the default Bliss
wallpaper
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Windows XP Overview
• The End of the Road for Windows XP
– October 22, 2010: last day to buy PC
with XP installed
– One year after introduction of Windows 7
– July 13, 2010: supported ended for SP2
– April 2014: support ends for SP3
– 64-bit version did not have a third service pack
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Windows XP Overview
• Windows XP’s Features & Benefits
–
–
–
–
Easy-to-use Desktop
Security
Stability and Compatibility
Recovery Tools
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Last Known Good (LKG) Configuration
Task Manager
Recovery Console
Safe Mode
Device Manager
System Restore
Automated System Recovery (ASR)
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A shortcut for the AVG program
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Figure 5-1 The Windows XP Start
menu
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Figure 5-2 The Windows XP All
Programs menu
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Figure 5-3 Select “List my most recently opened
documents” on the Advanced page of the
Customize Start menu dialog box
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Figure 5-4 The Compatibility
page allows you
to select settings that enable an
older program
to run
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Check out your file system
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP
– Prepare the computer
• Verify computer meets hardware minimums
• Verify hardware compatibility
• Consider creating a virtual machine for
the installation
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Table 5-1
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP (cont.)
– Clean Installation
• Avoid inheriting problems from a previous
installation
• If necessary, have Windows Setup repartition
and format the disk to ensure all is clean,
including the MBR
• Downside: a manual clean installation is a lot
of work because you need to install all the
necessary programs and configure it
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP (cont.)
– Scripted Installation
• Clean installation variation
• Used in large organizations where many
desktops are identical
• Training and time to configure and test
required
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP (cont.)
– Image
• Clean installation variation
• Image is an exact duplicate of an entire hard
drive including OS and all installed software
• Also used in large organizations where many
desktops are identical
• Imaging software
– Symantec’s Norton Ghost
– Paragon’s Hard Disk Manager
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP (cont.)
– Preparing to Boot into Windows XP Setup
• Windows XP CD is bootable
• Over-the network installation requires
preparation
– Copy contents of the i386 folder (from CD)
to network
– Boot up client computer, connect to network
share, run WINNT.EXE
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP (cont.)
– Registration versus Activation
• Registration
– Optional
– Owner information
• Activation
– Microsoft Product Activation (MPA)
– Combats software piracy
– Mandatory within 30 days of installing Windows
• How to Activate
– Automated online
– Verbally over the phone
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The activate Windows XP reminder balloon
message
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Figure 5-5 Activation will take just seconds with
an Internet connection
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Installing Windows XP
• Preparing to Install Windows XP (cont.)
– Reactivation
• Changes to hardware detected during
recalculations of the hardware hash
• If one of the components from which the
hardware hash was generated is replaced or
significantly changed, it will require reactivation
• You may need to call Microsoft and explain
the need to reactivate
• Installing on a second computer triggers
reactivation
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Installing Windows XP
• Getting Down to Business: The Installation
– Windows Setup wizard will guide users through
the process
– Manual, clean installation takes about an hour
– The installation program will wait for user input
if it is required
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Installing Windows XP
Step-by-Step 5.01
Installing Windows XP Professional
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Post-Installation Tasks
• Verifying Network Access
– Verify communication with other computers
– Open My Network Places and see if other
computers are visible
• Install Virtual Machine Additions
(if applicable)
• Install Updates
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Figure 5-6 Osborne work group with one
computer showing
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Figure 5-7 Microsoft Windows Network with
three work groups or domains showing
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Figure 5-8 Microsoft Virtual PC 2007 installing
Virtual Machine Additions
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Figure 5-9 Windows Update balloon message
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Figure 5-10 Choosing to enable automatic updates
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Figure 5-11 Continue updating until there are no
more updates to install
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Creating New Partitions in Windows XP
– If you did not use entire physical disk
– If you add another hard drive
– Good partitioning strategy
• One partition for the OS and installed
applications
• One partition for data
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Creating New Partitions in Windows XP (cont.)
– Create a partition
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Log on as an administrator
Open Computer Management console
Open Storage node and click Disk Management
Unpartitioned space is labeled “Unallocated”
Recommendation: change optical drive letter
Use New Partition wizard to partition space
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Installing and Removing Applications
– Most applications have installation programs
– Use a program’s uninstall if available
– If no uninstall, use Add or Remove Programs
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Figure 5-12 Add or Remove Programs
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Managing Windows XP Components
– To add or remove a Windows component,
use the Windows Components wizard from
the Add or Remove Programs applet in
Control Panel
– To add Windows components you will need
the CD or a location where the source files
are located
– No CD needed to remove Windows components
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Add or Remove Components wizard showing the
details of accessories and utilities
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Preparing the Desktop for Users
– Customizing Display Settings
• Set screen resolution in Display applet
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Managing Windows XP Professional
Step-by-Step 5.02
Using the Display Applet
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Adding a Local Printer
– Attach a physical printer
– Install the correct driver (creating a printer)
– Both plug-and-play and non-plug-and-play
– Use Add Printer Wizard for a non-plug-and-play
printer
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Add Printer wizard
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Simple File Management in Windows XP
– Organizing data files using Windows
Explorer
– Configure Windows Explorer to your
preferences
– Customize view by clicking the folder
icon (toggle)
– The Windows XP Default File Hierarchy
• Windows folder contains the Windows installation
• Documents and Settings folder
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Figure 5-13 Windows Explorer displaying the
task pane
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Figure 5-14 Windows Explorer displaying the
folders pane
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Figure 5-15 The default folder hierarchy
for Windows XP
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Figure F-16 Each user has a folder with
the user’s logon name
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Figure F-17 The My Documents shortcut on the
Start menu
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Managing Windows XP Professional
• Simple File Management in Windows XP (cont.)
– Naming Folders and Files
• Short and meaningful
– Example: Jane\M-H\2011
• Creating the folder structure
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–
–
–
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Open My Documents
Right-click right pane
Select New | Folder
Enter new name
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Create a new folder
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Create a folder structure to organize your files
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Required Logon
– Logon is mandatory
– User account in a security accounts database
• Local accounts database or
• Network-based security database
(Active Directory)
– Automatic logon
• Defeats security of required logon
• Not secure – only OK if no security needed
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• NTFS
– File and folder permissions
• Access control list (ACL)
• Access control entry (ACE)
• View on Security tab of Properties
– File and folder encryption
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Code Signing/Driver Signing
– Digital Signature
– Drive signing
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Figure 5-18 Signed network card driver
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Windows XP Account Management
– If computer is member of domain, account
management at domain level
– If computer is stand-alone or member of
work group, account management is at the
computer level
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Windows XP Account Management (cont.)
– Simple Account Management in Windows XP
Professional
• User Accounts Control Panel Applet
– Hides the complete list of accounts
– Computer administrator account type = member
of local Administrators group
– Limited account = member of Local Users group
and NOT a member of local Administrators group
– Guest account for users who do not have local accounts
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Windows XP Professional User Accounts
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Windows XP Account Management (cont.)
– Advanced Account Management
• Computer Management console | Local Users
and Groups
–
–
–
–
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Used by knowledgeable administrator
Reveals all existing users and groups
Right-click My Computer and select Manage
Also in All Programs | Administrator Tools
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Figure 5-19 The Windows XP Computer
Management console
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Windows XP Account Management (cont.)
– Creating a New User
• Create one limited account
• Create an additional account that is a member
of the local Administrators group (in addition
to Administrator)
• Windows XP Professional makes this mandatory
• Create a Password Reset Disk
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Managing Windows XP Professional
Step-by-Step 5.03
Creating User Accounts and a
Password Reset Disk in Windows XP
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Applying Security to Files, Folders, and
Printers
– Securing Files and Folders on an NTFS Drive
•
•
•
•
•
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Permissions Assigned to Personal Folders
NTFS Permission Inheritance
Inherited through folder hierarchy
Cannot alter inherited permission
Block inheritance and assign new permission
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Figure 5-20 The list of permissions for a folder
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Managing Windows XP Professional
Step-by-Step 5.04
Viewing Permissions on Personal
Folders
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Applying Security to Files, Folders, and
Printers (cont.)
– Combining NTFS and Share Permissions
• Authentication (logon)
• Share authorization
• NTFS authorization
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Accessing an NTFS file or folder through a
network share
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Applying Security to Files, Folders, and
Printers (cont.)
– NTFS File and Folder Encryption
• Encrypting File System (EFS)
• Encrypting a File or Folder
• Decrypting Files and Folders
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Accepting the default will encrypt the current and
future contents of a folder
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The warning message when encrypting a file
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Applying Security to Files, Folders, and
Printers (cont.)
– Securing a Local Printer
• Printer permissions
– Print — Permission to send documents to the printer.
– Manage Printer — This permission includes the print
permission plus permission to pause and restart the
printer, change spooler settings, share the printer, assign
printer permissions, and change printer properties
– Manage Documents — Permission to pause, resume,
restart, cancel, and rearrange the order of documents
submitted by all users. This permission does not include
the print or manage printer permission
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Securing Windows XP Professional
• Applying Security to Files, Folders, and
Printers (cont.)
– Securing a Local Printer
• Default permissions
– Everyone can print
– Creator Owner has Manage Documents permission
– Power Users and Administrators are assigned all of
the permissions
• Administrator can assign more restrictive permissions
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Figure 5-21 The Advanced button on the printer
properties page shows printer permission details
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Troubleshooting Common Windows XP Problems
• Where to Find Help
– The Windows XP Help and Support
program
– Microsoft’s TechNet site at
www.microsoft.com/technet
– The broader Microsoft site at
www.microsoft.com
– An Internet search engine, such as
www.google.com
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The Help and Support Center should be the first place
you look for answers
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Troubleshooting Common Windows XP Problems
• Perform Proactive Maintenance Tasks
– Create Backups and Automated System
Recovery Disks
•
•
•
•
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Do it often
Do it right
Use Backup Utility to backup files
Use Backup Utility to create ASR disks
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Figure 5-22 The Automated System Recovery
wizard will walk you through the creation of an
ASR disk set
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Managing Windows XP Professional
Step-by-Step 5.05
Explore the Backup Program
(NTBACKUP)
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Troubleshooting Common Windows XP Problems
• Perform Proactive Maintenance Tasks (cont.)
– Create Restore Points for System Restore
•
•
•
•
Preserves OS and program settings at points in time
Some restore points are created automatically
User may create one at any time using System Restore
To restore to a restore point, select Restore My
Computer to An Earlier Time
• Manage System Restore in the System Restore
page of the System Properties dialog box
82
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Figure 5-23 Selecting a restore point
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System Restore settings
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Troubleshooting Common Windows XP Problems
• The Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)
– Preparing for Stop Errors in Windows XP
•
•
•
•
85
Write an Event to the System Log
Send an Administrative Alert
Automatically Restart
Writing Debugging Information
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The default System Failure settings on the Startup
and Recovery page
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Troubleshooting Common Windows XP Problems
• Troubleshooting a Stop Error
– Record the Stop error message from the
screen or from the System log
– Select a string from the error message and
use this in a search of support.microsoft.com
– Read information on how to discover the
cause and apply suggested solutions
– Apply solutions
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Troubleshooting Common Windows XP Problems
• An Old Application Will Not Run
– Worked OK in older Windows
– Does not perform correctly in Windows XP
– Experiment with setting compatibility options
88
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The Program Compatibility wizard walks you through
assigning settings to allow an older program to run
under Windows XP
89
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Figure 5-24 Use the Compatibility page to make
manual settings
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.1 Windows XP Overview
– The Windows XP editions include:
Windows XP Professional
Windows XP Home Edition
Windows XP Media Center Edition
Windows XP Tablet PC Edition
Windows XP Embedded
Windows XP 64-bit Edition
91
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.1 Windows XP Overview (cont.)
– Windows XP Professional features and
benefits include
• Security, including the required logon, and
security features in the NTFS file system
• Stability and compatibility
• Automatic updates
• File-system support of NTFS, FAT32, and FAT16
on hard drives
• Recovery tools, including Last Known Good Configuration
startup option; Task Manager; Recovery Console; Safe
Mode startup-options; Device Manager; System Restore;
and Automated System Recovery
92
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.2 Installing Windows XP
– No Setup start-up floppy disks are included with
Windows XP. If you need to make them, you must
connect to the Microsoft Web site and create
them from a program available there
93
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.2 Installing Windows XP (cont.)
– To combat software piracy, Microsoft
requires that you activate Windows XP
within 30 days of installation. Registration
is still optional
– Soon after installing Windows XP, you
should verify network access and install
new updates
94
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.3 Managing Windows XP Professional
– To create and manage disk partitions, use Disk
Management in the Computer Management
console
– When you install new programs in Windows,
you will often use an installation program that
comes with the new application
– To uninstall a program, use the Add Or Remove
Programs applet in Control Panel
95
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.3 Managing Windows XP Professional
– Programs should be removed correctly using
an uninstall program
– To add or remove a Windows component, use
the Windows Components wizard from the Add
or Remove Programs applet in Control Panel
– Use the Display applet in Control Panel to ensure
that that the screen resolution is set properly
96
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.3 Managing Windows XP Professional
– Save data files in folders you create below
the My Documents folder
– Windows XP supports both plug-and-play and
non-plug-and-play printers
97
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.04 Securing Windows XP Professional
– Windows XP Professional security features
include required logon, the security features
of the NTFS file system, code signing/driver
signing, and security accounts
– Use the User Accounts Control Panel applet
for simple account management at home or
in a very small business that has low security
requirements
98
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.04 Securing Windows XP Professional
– Use the Local Users and Groups node of
the Computer Management console for
more advanced account management
– Windows XP Professional allows the
currently logged-on user to create a
Password Reset disk to use in case of
a forgotten password
99
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.05 Troubleshooting Common Windows
XP Problems
– Help and Support Center is the Windows XP help
program containing a large menu of options
– Proactive tasks include creating backups and
automated system recovery disks plus creating
restore points for System Restore
100
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Chapter 5 Summary
• LO 5.05 Troubleshooting Common Windows
XP Problems (cont.)
– If an old application will not run, or causes
problems with the display, locate the executable
file for the application, and select options in the
Compatibility page of the file’s properties dialog
box
101
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