11th AUGUST 2014 Brought to you by : EESA, Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION In most buildings, we are surrounded by devices which run on DC power. Anything that uses transistors relies on DC source. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION Estimated DC load in next 10 years will amount to 50% Where can we use DC power exactly ? ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION AC-DC (Rectifier) AC-AC (Transformer) DC-DC (Chopper) DC- AC (Invertor) ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION AC source DC source ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION RECTIFIER DC load DC-DC convertor DC load ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION 1. IT DATA CENTRES  ALL DATA CENTRES HAVE SERVERS WHICH NEED 24vdc SUPPLY.  WITH AN ARRANGEMENT FOR INITIAL DC-AC CONVERSION, DC LOADS LIKE SERVERS, MOTORS,BATTERIES CAN BE RUN.  28% EFFICIENCY GAIN. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION  AVERAGE SMART PHONE: 1 GB per month i.e 12 GB a year 1 GB requires 18kWh i.e. 216kWh Charging 4~5 kWh a year Source: ATKearney, science.time.com ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION 2. PERSONAL USE:  REPLICATING THE INDUSTRIAL MODEL, A DOMESTIC MICROGRID CAN BE DESIGNED. 1,80,000 kWh per year i.e. 20MW DC LOADS ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION AC main grid CONVERTOR/ INVERTER AC LOADS DC-DC CONVERTOR DC SOURCE 3. Electric Vehicles  Hybrid Vehicles are expected to amount 10% of on-road vehicles by 2020.  Instead of making efficient convertors, we can harness DC power directly. 4. Home appliances  Flat screen TVs, telephones, routers, coffee makers, pumps. Refrigeration and washing machines which are DC motor based are more efficient.* ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION *source: greenbiz.com  Engineers need to sort out and deal with both AC and DC sources.  One approach is to power DC loads exclusively using power generated from renewable sources.  Other option is to convert AC feed to DC and complimenting it with DC power from renewables and distributing it over DC infrastructure. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION  INFRASTRUCTURE  SAFETY AND STANDARDS  REDUCTION IN COSTS ( FEWER COMPONENTS)  INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE SOURCES IS EASIER IN DC SYSTEM.  DEVELOPING ECONOMIES ARE BUILDING NEW ENERGY ECOSYSTEMS WHERE END USER WILL RECEIVE POWER DIRECTLY FROM HVDC. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS' ASSOCIATION