www.netnod.se NTP, TIME -- HOW AND WHY? Patrik Fältström Head of Research and Development Netnod 1 www.netnod.se Why is time important? 2 www.netnod.se 3 www.netnod.se 4 www.netnod.se 5 www.netnod.se Accuracy High Low Low High Precision 6 www.netnod.se Accuracy High Low Low High Precision 7 www.netnod.se TAI GPS time values UTC UT1 leap sec intervals 1st Jan 1958 UTn UT1 UTC 6th Jan 1980 elapsed time GPS <0.3s <0.9s TAI 19 s 36 s From July 1, 2015 8 www.netnod.se Why is it important to know what time it is? You and I agree on having dinner together at Brasserie Godot We need to coordinate location in four dimensions Same coordinates, including the same time scale Photo by Ryan Pikkel (CC) 9 www.netnod.se Multiple non-synchronized events Event Event 00:00:03 00:00:01 Storage Event 00:00:05 10 www.netnod.se Multiple non-synchronized events Event Event 00:00:03 00:00:01 Storage Event 00:00:05 In what order did the events take place? 11 www.netnod.se More seriously... If one have any kind of transaction system, the time stamps must be precise enough that the order of the transactions is non-disputable. 1 kap. 5 § Handelsbalken (1736:0123 2): • 5 § Säljer man tvem ett; gälde skadan åter, (och böte tio daler,) och den behålle godset, som först köpte. EuroSOX - Information Lifecycle Management: • Operational aspects of ILM include backup and data protection; disaster recovery, restore, and restart; archiving and long-term retention; data replication; and day-to-day processes and procedures necessary to manage a storage architecture. 12 www.netnod.se Nuvarande klocksystem What do Netnod do use today? RB1 E1 RB2 E1 1-pps 10 MHz GPS E1 Distr. multi-mode fiber 1-pps RS232 RB1 RB2 RB3 RB4 Switch 1-pps 10 MHz 1-pps Switch TIC RS232 1-pps 10 MHz CTRL1 E1 CTRL2 E1 1-pps NTP1 NTP2 Data hämtas till SP för spårbarhetsberäkning och presentation. System klarar sig utan GPS under ca 1 månad. CTRL SP 13 www.netnod.se What precision do we reach? As you can see, we today stay within 10-6 seconds New design is targeted at much better quality 14 www.netnod.se Last 10 years in Sweden Government launched an investigation: • Investigation about legal metrology, time and frequency and provisioning of a National Meteorology Center (N 2006:14) This investigation requested a special report on time: • Traceable time and frequency - perfekt tajmat • http://www.regeringen.se/sb/d/8896/a/90126 Samverkansgruppen för informationssäkerhet (SAMFI) created: • Samhällets informationssäkerhet, Nationell handlingsplan 2012 • https://www.msb.se/RibData/Filer/pdf/26290.pdf • Det nationella systemet för robust och spårbar tid vidareutvecklas. 15 www.netnod.se In practice SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden • http://www.sp.se/en/units/measurement/time_frequency/Sidor/default.aspx • Works with next generation NTP-service • Including time transfer without dependency of GNSS Netnod • http://www.netnod.se/other/valueadd/ntp • Together with SP, financed by PTS, is building a new system • NTP • IEEE1588v2 • Both time and frequency 16 www.netnod.se 17 www.netnod.se Timeline The project will build distribution ondes in Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö and Sundsvall during 2015 and in Luleå 2016 Stockholm, Malmö, Sundsvall is installed Gothenburg installed October 2015 Goal is to start delivery of services end of 2015 End of project is December 15, 2015 18 www.netnod.se What is a node delivering NTP Developed NTP in FPGA IPv4 and IPv6 At least 10Gbps Signed NTP using symmetric keys PTP (1588v2) One profile Frequency 1PPS, 5MHz and 10MHz 19 www.netnod.se Comparison of time How do we know we have the right time in a node? Transfer and compare time via satellite Transfer and compare time via PTP (over SUNET) Have traceability against UTC(SP) 20 www.netnod.se Redundancy Each node have an A and B side Ability to run without power? Each node have UPS and battery, plus extra batteries for Cesium Precision over time? Each node should stay within 250ns even if it is isolated for 6 months 21 www.netnod.se References: From Sundials to Atomic Clocks: Understanding Time and Frequency, Jespersen, James and Jane Fitz-Randolph, (http://tf.nist.gov/general/ pdf/1796.pdf – 26 MB, 306 pages) 2nd (revised) edition, Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, 1999 ISBN 0-16-050010-9 Longitude: The True Story of a Lone Genius Who Solved the Greatest Scientific Problem of His Time, Dava Sobel 1995, Walker Publishing Company, Inc., New York, ISBN 0-8027-1312-2 Elektronisk signering, En antologi, Redaktör: Jon Kihlman. Stockholm, Sweden: Nordstedts Juridik, 2013. ISBN: 978-913901731-8 Patrik Fältström - [email protected] 22
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