1. business and industrial

Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
Persistence Market Research
Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs
Market is expected to progress a market
worth of USD 439.8 million in 2024 Persistence Market Research
Persistence Market Research
1
Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
Persistence Market Research Released New Market Report “The U.S Market Study on
Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs -
fluoroquinolones to be the Largest Segment by
2024” the bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S. was valued at USD 473.3 million
in 2013 and is estimated to reach a market worth of USD 439.8 million in 2024, at a CAGR
of2.7%from 2012 to 2018 and (-3.73%) from 2018 to 2024.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva - the clear membrane that covers the
outermost layer of an eye and the inner surface of eyelids. Conjunctivitis is segmented into
three major categories: infective (viral and bacterial), allergic, and irritant (chemical).
Bacterial conjunctivitis is one of the most commonly observed eye problems across all age
groups, generally caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Moraxella lacunata,
Haemophilus influenza, and others (e.g. Chlamydia trachomatis, Proteus mirabilis, etc.). As
reported by Healio (specialty medical news and journal publisher), approximately 5 million
acute bacterial conjunctivitis cases are reported in the U.S. each year. Thus, high prevalence
of bacterial conjunctivitis in the country demands effective medications, thereby driving the
growth of the bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S.However, despite the
increasing incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis, the overall bacterial conjunctivitis market in
the U.S. is likely to witness negative growth due to the patent expirations of major
blockbuster drugs such as Vigamox, Moxeza, Zymaxid, and Besivance in the next few years.
Rise in ophthalmic bacterial infections is increasing the demand for antibacterial drugs in the
U.S. According to a clinical study conducted by the scientists Amir A. Azari and Neal P.
Barney, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) in 2013,
bacterial conjunctivitis accounts for over 50% of the conjunctivitis cases in the U.S. It also
quoted that the incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis was estimated to be 135 in 10,000 in a
single study.These statistics indicate that the U.S. is witnessing high incidence of bacterial
conjunctivitis, hence leading to increased demand for bacterial conjunctivitis drugs in the
country.
Fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides and other antibacterials such as bacitracin,
doxycycline, and ceftriaxone collectively form the bacterial conjunctivitis market; among
which fluoroquinolones dominate the bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S. with a
Persistence Market Research
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
share of more than 70% in 2013. Fluoroquinolones are more widely prescribed as compared
to other antibiotic drug classes for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis across the U.S.
due to their higher efficacy against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and broad spectrum
activity. However, the segment is expected to witness a significant decline in sales in the
near future -from a CAGR of 4.9% from 2012 to 2018 to a CAGR of (-8.1%) from 2018 to
2024. Burgeoning influx of generic antibacterials as well as upcoming patent expiries of
leading branded formulations such as Vigamox, Zymaxid, Moxeza, and Besivance are a few
major factors that would adversely affect the growth of the segment.
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With the loss of patent exclusivity, generics would offer physicians a broad range of
affordable medications to prescribe, thereby significantly reducing the overall size of the
bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S. Hence, the future market growth would be
contingent on commercialization of novel drugs for new indications. However, it has been
observed that although the incidence rate of bacterial conjunctivitis is moderate in the U.S.,
the risk of morbidity is less, due to which the novel product pipeline for bacterial
conjunctivitis is weak/dry. At present, only a few novel compounds are under investigation in
both preclinical and clinical settings for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis.
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The U.S. bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market displays intense competitive rivalry among
existing players, as currently the market is highly fragmented comprising both large and
small pharmaceutical companies. Key players profiled in this study include organizations
such as Actavis plc, Akorn, Inc., Bayer AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., Merck & Co., Inc.,
Persistence Market Research
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
Novartis AG, Perrigo Company plc, Pfizer, Inc., Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Valeant
Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.
The U.S. bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market is segmented as follows:
U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Drug Class
Fluoroquinolones
•
Ciprofloxacin
•
Ofloxacin
•
Levofloxacin
•
Moxifloxacin
•
Gatifloxacin
•
Besifloxacin
Aminoglycosides
•
Tobramycin
•
Gentamycin
Macrolides
•
Erythromycin
•
Azithromycin
Others
U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, Pipeline Assessment
•
Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment
•
Early Stage (Phase I and Phase II trials) - Tabular Representation
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
Market History:
Bacterial conjunctivitis is one of the common eye problems faced worldwide, usually caused by various
bacterium such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Moraxella lacunata, Haemophilus
influenza, and others (for instance, Chlamydia trachomatis, Proteus mirabilis, etc.). These organisms
cause conjunctivitis with a higher level of redness and could spread through hand to the eye or sexual
contact. Generally, bacterial conjunctivitis is acute as well as self-limiting and does not lead to any major
health problem. Moreover, the disease can be treated on its own, hence the exact estimate of
epidemiology of this disease has not been studied or established in many countries including the
developed markets such as the U.S.Antibiotics in the form of ointment or eye drops are prescribed by
ophthalmologists and optometrists for treating bacterial conjunctivitis.Increasing the incidence of bacterial
conjunctivitis is the major driver of the bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S.
The U.S. bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market has been segmented based on drug classes most
commonly used for the respective treatment. Based on the same, the market has been segmented into
fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides and others. Fluoroquinolones market for bacterial
conjunctivitis has been further studied for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin
and besifloxacin. Aminolgycosides are further segmented into tobramycin and gentamycin. Similarly,
erythromycin and azithromycin together represent the macrolides segment. Other antibacterials segment
cumulatively comprisesbacitracin, doxycycline, polymyxin, and fusidic acid used for the treatment of
bacterial conjunctivitis. Among these drug classes, the fourth-generation fluoroquinolones emerged as the
segment leader accounting for over 70% of the total U.S. bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in 2013.
Owing to their high efficacy against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains and broad spectrum activity,
fluoroquinolones were able to dominate the overall market in 2013. However, the market for
fluoroquinolones is expected to decline due to the growing influx of generic formulations, growing
prevalence of drug resistance bacterial strains, and imminent patent expirations of leading branded
formulations such as Vigamox, Besivance, and Moxeza.
According to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), the incidence
rate of bacterial conjunctivitis in the U.S. was estimated to be 135 in 10,000 individuals. Furthermore, the
article stated that the cost of treating bacterial conjunctivitis ranges from USD 377 million to USD 857
million annually in the U.S. It also quoted that majority of conjunctivitis patients are originally treated by
primary care physicians rather than eye care professionals. Around 1% of all primary care office visits in
the U.S. are related to conjunctivitis. Bacterial infestation is the second most common cause of infectious
conjunctivitis and accounts for 50% to 75% cases among children. This pattern was observed more
frequently from December 2012 to April 2013.Thus, potential incidence of bacterial conjunctivitis is one of
Persistence Market Research
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
the major drivers of the bacterial conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S. However, increasing
genericization of antibacterial drugs coupled with upcoming patent expirations,and such few prominent
factors are weakening the growth of the market in the near future.
Currently, the market is highly fragmented and competitive due to the involvement of both large and small
pharmaceutical companies. Actavis plc (now Allergan plc), Akorn, Inc.,Bayer AG, F. Hoffmann-La Roche
Ltd., Merck & Co., Inc., Novartis AG, Perrigo Company plc, Pfizer, Inc., Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.,
and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.are the major players operating in the bacterial
conjunctivitis drugs market in the U.S. During the course of this study it has been observed that majority
of the players are focusing on expanding their geographical reach and distribution network through
mergers and acquisitions as well as through collaborations with other potential organizations operating in
this market.
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
Table of Content
Chapter 1 Preface
1.1 Report Description
1.2 Market Segmentation
1.3 Research Methodology
1.4 Assumptions
Chapter 2 Executive Summary
2.1 Market Snapshot: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market
Chapter 3 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market Overview
3.1 Market Dynamics and Overview
3.2 Incidence Rate of Bacterial Conjunctivitis in the U.S.
3.3 Market Drivers
3.3.1 Rising Incidence of Ophthalmic Bacterial Infection
3.3.2 Susceptibility Among Various Age Groups Ranging from Neonates to Geriatrics
3.4 Market Restraints
3.4.1 Increasing Genericization of Antibacterial Drugs Could Lead to a Crowded and
Unprofitable Market
3.4.2 Upcoming Patent Expirations likely to Hinder Market Growth
3.4.3 Burgeoning Multi-Drug Resistant Bacterial Strains Expected To Hinder Market
Growth
3.5 Market Opportunities
3.5.1 Implementation of Product Development Partnerships (PDPs) Business Models
3.5.2 Focus on Designing and Producing Combination Drug Products
3.6 Event Impact Assessment: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market
3.7 Regulatory Framework
3.8 Patents and Patent Challenges: Overview
3.9 List of API Manufacturers
3.10 Key Discontinued Products: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market
3.10.1 Oxytetracycline/Polymyxin B
3.10.2 Sulfisoxazole Ophthalmic
3.10.3 Phenylephrine/Sulfacetamide Sodium
3.10.4 Chloramphenicol
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
3.11 Market Attractiveness Analysis: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Drug Type
3.12 Market Share Analysis: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Key Players, 2013
(Value %)
Chapter 4 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Drug Class
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 Recommended Dosages for Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis
4.1.2 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.2 Fluoroquinolones
4.2.1 Fluoroquinolones for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012
– 2024 (USD Million)
4.2.2 Ciprofloxacin
4.2.2.1 U.S. Ciprofloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.2.3 Ofloxacin
4.2.3.1 U.S. Ofloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.2.4 Levofloxacin
4.2.4.1 U.S. Levofloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.2.5 Moxifloxacin
4.2.5.1 U.S. Moxifloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.2.6 Gatifloxacin
4.2.6.1 U.S. Gatifloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.2.7 Besifloxacin
4.2.7.1 U.S. Besifloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.3 Aminoglycosides
4.3.1 Aminoglycosides for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012 –
2024 (USD Million)
4.3.2 Tobramycin
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
4.3.2.1 U.S. Tobramycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.3.3 Gentamycin
4.3.3.1 U.S. Gentamycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.4 Macrolides
4.4.1 Macrolides for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.4.2 Erythromycin
4.4.2.1 U.S. Erythromycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.4.3 Azithromycin
4.4.3.1 U.S. Azithromycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024
(USD Million)
4.5 Others (Bacitracin, Doxycycline, Polymyxin, and Fusidic Acid)
4.5.1.1 U.S. Others Market Revenue, by Bacterial Conjunctivitis, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
Chapter 5 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, Pipeline Assessment
5.1 Overview
5.2 Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment
5.2.1 U.S. Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue,
2019 – 2024 (USD Million)
5.3 Early Stage (Phase I and Phase II trials) – Tabular Representation
Chapter 6 Recommendations
Chapter 7 Company Profiles
7.1 Actavis plc (now Allergan plc)
7.1.1 Company Overview
7.1.2 Financial Overview
7.1.3 Product Portfolio
7.1.4 Business Strategies
7.1.5 Recent Developments
7.2 Akorn, Inc.
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
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7.2.1 Company Overview
7.2.2 Financial Overview
7.2.3 Product Portfolio
7.2.4 Business Strategies
7.2.5 Recent Developments
7.3 Bayer AG
7.3.1 Company Overview
7.3.2 Financial Overview
7.3.3 Product Portfolio
7.3.4 Business Strategies
7.3.5 Recent Developments
7.4 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
7.4.1 Company Overview
7.4.2 Financial Overview
7.4.3 Product Portfolio
7.4.4 Business Strategies
7.4.5 Recent Developments
7.5 Merck & Co., Inc.
7.5.1 Company Overview
7.5.2 Financial Overview
7.5.3 Product Portfolio
7.5.4 Business Strategies
7.5.5 Recent Developments
7.6 Novartis AG
7.6.1 Company Overview
7.6.2 Financial Overview
7.6.3 Product Portfolio
7.6.4 Business Strategies
7.6.5 Recent Developments
7.7 Perrigo Company plc
7.7.1 Company Overview
7.7.2 Financial Overview
7.7.3 Product Portfolio
7.7.4 Business Strategies
7.7.5 Recent Developments
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
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7.8 Pfizer, Inc.
7.8.1 Company Overview
7.8.2 Financial Overview
7.8.3 Product Portfolio
7.8.4 Business Strategies
7.8.5 Recent Developments
7.9 Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
7.9.1 Company Overview
7.9.2 Financial Overview
7.9.3 Product Portfolio
7.9.4 Business Strategies
7.9.5 Recent Developments
7.10 Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.
7.10.1 Company Overview
7.10.2 Financial Overview
7.10.3 Product Portfolio
7.10.4 Business Strategies
7.10.5 Recent Developments
List of Tables
TABLE 1 Market Snapshot: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market
TABLE 2 Upcoming Patents Expiration of Branded Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs and
Competing Companies of Generic Products
TABLE 3 List of Ciprofloxacin API Manufacturers
TABLE 4 List of Ofloxacin API Manufacturers
TABLE 5 List of Levofloxacin API Manufacturers
TABLE 6 List of Moxifloxacin API Manufacturers
TABLE 7 List of Gatifloxacin API Manufacturers
TABLE 8 List of Besifloxacin API Manufacturers
TABLE 9 List of Tobramycin API Manufacturers
TABLE 10 List of Gentamycin API Manufacturers
TABLE 11 List of Erythromycin API Manufacturers
TABLE 12 List of Azithromycin API Manufacturers
TABLE 13 List of Bacitracin API Manufacturers
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
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TABLE 14 List of Neomycin API Manufacturers
TABLE 15 List of Fusidic Acid API Manufacturers
TABLE 16 Recommended Dosages for Treatment of Bacterial Conjunctivitis
TABLE 17 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012 – 2018
(USD Million)
TABLE 18 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2019 – 2024
(USD Million)
TABLE 19 Fluoroquinolones for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012
– 2018 (USD Million)
TABLE 20 Fluoroquinolones for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2019
– 2024 (USD Million)
TABLE 21 Aminoglycosides for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012
– 2018 (USD Million)
TABLE 22 Aminoglycosides for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2019
– 2024 (USD Million)
TABLE 23 Macrolides for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2012 – 2018
(USD Million)
TABLE 24 Macrolides for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, by Drug Class, 2019 – 2024
(USD Million)
TABLE 25 Early Stage (Phase I and Phase II trials) – Tabular Representation
TABLE 26 Actavis plc: Expenses & Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
TABLE 27 Novartis AG: Expenses & Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
List of Figures
FIG. 1 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market Segmentation
FIG. 1 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Drug Class, 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 2 U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market: Drivers, and Restraints
FIG. 3 Market Attractiveness Analysis: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Drug
Class
FIG. 4 Market Share Analysis: U.S. Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market, by Key Players,
2013 (Value %)
FIG. 5 U.S. Ciprofloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 6 U.S. Ofloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD Million)
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
size in the U.S. is expected to grow (2024)
FIG. 7 U.S. Levofloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 8 U.S. Moxifloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 9 U.S. Gatifloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 10 U.S. Besifloxacin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 11 U.S. Tobramycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 12 U.S. Gentamycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 13 U.S. Erythromycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 14 U.S. Azithromycin for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue, 2012 – 2024 (USD
Million)
FIG. 15 U.S. Others Market Revenue, by Bacterial Conjunctivitis, 2012 – 2024 (USD Million)
FIG. 16 U.S. Vancomycin Ophthalmic Ointment for Bacterial Conjunctivitis Market Revenue,
2019 – 2024 (USD Million)
FIG. 17 Actavis plc.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 18 Akorn, Inc.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD million)
FIG. 19 Bayer AG (Bayer HealthCare): Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 20 F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 21 Annual Revenue: Merck & Co., Inc., 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 22 Novartis AG: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 23 Perrigo Company plc.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 24 Pfizer, Inc.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD Million)
FIG. 25 Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD million)
FIG. 26 Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc.: Annual Revenue, 2011 – 2013 (USD
Million)
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Global U.s Bacterial Conjunctivitis Drugs Market - Future market
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