1. No category

A DEFENCE SERVICE JOURNAL
OFFICIAL JOURNAL
1ST/19TH BATTALION
THE ROYAL NEW
SOUTH WALES
REGIMENT
ASSOCIATION &
2ND/19TH BATTALION
A.I.F. ASSOCIATION.
MEMBERS OF THE
AUSTRALIAN
DEFENCE
FORCES
RESERVES
CONTENTS
Vales..….……………….……………………………….….……………2-3
From the President…..…..…………………….………….………….……4
Coming Events, Association Patrons & Office Bearers..…….…..……5
Sick Report & Seen Around The Traps…………………………………6
Congratulations….………….………………….…………………………..…7
Donations, New Members - Letters….……………….…………..……..8
Letters continued……..…………………………………………….………9-10
Australian Hospital Ship Centaur located…..………………………… 11
ANZAC Day Sydney 2010………..…………………….…………………….…12
Gemas Day & Fall of Singapore Commemorations….…………………...13
Can You Assist ? Adam Park Singapore Project - Jon Cooper……14-15
Can You Assist ? Korea MIA’s – Ian Saunders..………………………16
Can You Assist ? LTCOL Peter Winstanley………………… ……… 17
Can You Assist ? CMDR Roland Torrens .………………… ………. 17
The Forgotten - David Ring…………………………………………….18
Relay for Life - Major Terry Betts………………………………………18
Parit Sulong Commemoration.....................……………………………19
Squadron Leader Alan Lyons retires…………….……….……………20
RFD Launch 2010 & National Servicemen’s Association …………..21
Reminiscences of an Apprentice Chef – SGT Noel Selway…....22-24
Book Review - Field Marshal Earl Haig - John Donovan…………..25
The Tocchini Tales -Reminiscences of a Halifax Bomber Pilot…26-27
Bill Lowcock’s Story………………………………………………….28-29
Nor All Thy Tears – Herb McNamara…….…………………………30-31
Down Memory Lane……………………………………………………..32
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1
2
NX10629 PRIVATE Vincent Robert ROWETT 2/19 Battalion AIF
Allan Brideoake advised with deep regret of Vince’s passing at The Entrance NSW on 23 November 2009. Vince
was born at Ngalpa S.A. on 7 July 1915 and enlisted in 2/19 Battalion AIF on 19 May 1941 at Paddington NSW.
On his repatriation to Australia at War’s end he was discharged on 31 January 1946.
Our thanks to Vince’s good mate for many many years NX36726 CPL Joe MADELEY of 2/13 Battalion AIF
who delivered the following tribute at Vince’s farewell:
“We are gathered here today to say farewell to Vince Rowett, a courageous soldier, a hard worker and a lifelong
friend. Vince Rowett first came to Weethalle in the early 1930’s and worked for Mr Fred Schmidt on his farm and
also worked from time to time for my Dad on our farm. During the drought in January 1940 and with very little work
about, he and I went to Adelaide where Vince’s family lived and first worked for Penfold’s picking grapes. When
that finished we went trapping rabbits on “Purple Downs” Station out west of Oodnadatta. In June 1940 we came
back to Weethalle and both went to work at Gibsonvale Tin Mines. From there we both joined the Army and here
our ways parted, I went to the Middle East, to Tobruk and El Alamein with the 9th Division and Vince went to
Singapore with the 8th Division where he suffered greatly as a POW, first in Changi POW Camp and then on the
Burma Railway.
In early 1946 after the war we met up again in Sydney and did a season cane cutting in North QLD before
returning to NSW and went to work in the Shale Oil Mines at Glen Davis near Mudgee for 2½ years. While there
Vince lived with my brother Jack and his family. He was also best man at my wedding during this period. Some of
his family are here today. In 1949 my brother Jack drew a Soldier Settlers farm at Walcha in the New England
District north of Tamworth. Vince and I then left the mines and contracted to erect Jack’s boundary fences. When
this job was finished. Vince came back to Sydney and worked for some time with a furniture removalist company
and at Sydney on 3rd February 1953 he married Annie Eunice Wood, the daughter of a well known Weethalle
family. They returned to Weethalle and Vince worked for “Snowy” Martins and later took up share farming for Alex
Wood (if my memory serves me right). In 1958 Vince and my brother Bill drew Soldier Settlers Farms on Flinders
Island off the northern tip of Tasmania. Both farms joined one another and Vince and Annie farmed there until
1972 when they sold up and retired to Port Macquarie NSW. My brother Jack, from Walcha also retired there a
little later and lived close to Vince and Annie. Vince and Annie finally moved back to Long Jetty on the Central
Coast of NSW where Vince became a valued member of The Long Jetty RSL and the POW and TPI Associations.
He also became an accomplished bowler and played until about 12 months ago until the standing around got too
much for him. Annie became an active member of the Hospital Auxiliary. They unfortunately did not have any
children.
After Annie’s death on 20 July 1997, Vince and I visited Weethalle on a number of occasions, the 75th anniversary
of the school opening and also a Weethalle Show. In later years after my wife passed away, one of my greatest
pleasures has been to go down to Long Jetty each Saturday morning at 10:00 a.m. and have a cup of coffee, and
a yarn for a couple of hours with Vince Rowett. A true friend who was never too busy to lend a helping hand to
someone less fortunate than himself. Vince was one of a family of 8 children and he was the last one standing. His
funeral was attended by relatives and friends from Perth, Melbourne, Tasmania, Queensland, Canberra and many
parts of NSW. Rest in Peace Old Mate.”
NX58293 LANCE CORPORAL Rodney Thomas PARKER, 1 Company, Australian
Army Service Corps, & ‘X’ Infantry Battalion 8th Australian Division
Rod’s nephew and Association member John Walsh advised with deep regret of Rod’s
passing at his home on Sunday 17th January 2010. Rod was born at Newcastle on 9 October
1918 and enlisted in the Militia on 8 May 1940 where he served as A44167 Private Rodney
Thomas PARKER with 2nd Cavalry Division, Australian Army Service Corps prior to enlisting in
the 2nd AIF on 19th July 1940 at Paddington NSW. Promoted to Lance Corporal on 1 May 1941
he embarked for Singapore aboard the HMT "Johan Van Olden Barneveldt" on 29th July
1941, disembarking in Singapore on 15 August l941. He fought in the Malaya and Singapore
Campaigns at Johore Bahru – Mersing -Jemaluang - Kota Tinggi - Kluang - Hill 30 - Jurong
Road - Bukit Timah - Singapore-Tangalin Barracks. He was stationed at Johore Bahru when the Japanese
bombed the camp on 8 December 1941. After the bombing as he was a Don R he was one of the few soldiers
along with his OC retained in the camp. The remainder of the personnel were moved to a rubber plantation on the
Kota Tinggi Road. In the battle for Malaya some of his duties were to carry messages through the Japanese lines
between Johore Bahru, Mersing and Kluang. The trip would take him on his motor bike his motor bike, just over
two hours to complete.
2
2
He was the only Don R of six not wounded or hurt in Japanese ambushes or road blocks. During the defence of
Singapore Island, he volunteered to join X Infantry Battalion which was sent to an area adjacent to the Jurong
Road. The Japanese already occupied the village of Bukit Timah and much of the area around the Jurong Road.
At 0300 hours on 11 February 1942, the Japanese attacked X Battalion lines, killing the commanding officer
Lieutenant Colonel Boyes, and all of his headquarters staff and most of his men, including 48 members of the 250
Army Service Corps, volunteers in X Battalion. Rodney Parker, with other survivors of the battalion, fought their
way back to Tangalin Barracks. He remained at the barracks until the surrender of Singapore on 15 February
1942.
As a prisoner of war he was conscripted by the Japanese to an Australian working party, where he drove a 30 Hwt
truck, cleaning up the bomb damage around the Singapore wharves. He was eventually sent to Changi Barracks,
with dermatitis and double vision. At Changi he was posted to 'B’ Force, which went to Borneo and Sandakan, but
was removed from the draft and sent to AASC H.Q. He was then drafted to 'H’ Force, which went to Thailand and
Hell Fire Pass. On this occasion he was removed from the draft at the request of his C.O. On the 15th/16th May
1943, he was placed in 'J' Force (300 men), and shipped on the 'Weills Maru' to Japan. In Japan he spent most of
his time working on the Kobe wharves, loading Japanese cargo ships. However, on occasions he would be
seconded to work in the Deniki Carbon Works, or the Mitsubishi Soap Factory.
He was expected to work 7 days a week, and up to 16 hours a day and for the majority of the time, would only be
fed, with a small rationed portion of rice. During his imprisonment in Japan, he was barracked at Kobe House, until
it was bombed by the American Air Force, in June 1945. He was then moved to the Kanasaki camp and eventually
finished in a camp at Wakinohama.
When the war finished on the 15th August 1945, the Japanese guards disappeared from the camp. Two days later
a Lieutenant Goddard, who had been with him, in X Battalion, informed the men in the camp that the war was
over. He was repatriated from Notagowa, where, because he was so ill, he could only be fed with eggs and beer
{egg-flips) From Notagowa he was sent by train to Yokohama, where he was shipped via the 'SS .Goodhue' to
Manila. He was hospitalised for 10 days in Manila, until he embarked on the 'H.M.S Formidable', on the 4th
October 1945, for Sydney. He was discharged on 1 February 1946 and returned to the NSW Railways where he
worked until retirement.Rod was the son of Ethel and Henry, brother of Harry and Winnie (all deceased) and Cliff.
Rod and his beloved wife Gwen (who pre-deceased him) shared their home for 40 years with sister-in-law Joan
Bruce, his carer in his last years. Father of Bill and Mary, father-in-law of Suzanne, uncle to 13 nieces and
nephews. Rod inspired and cared for us all.
Rod was farewelled at a Mass of Christian Burial on Friday 22 January 2010 at St Luke's Catholic Church
Revesby, followed by interment at Woronora Cemetery. John Walsh and Bob Pink represented the Association at
his farewell.
NX49190 Private Wallace Arthur BLOCKLEY 2/19 Battalion AIF
Born at Wagga Wagga NSW on 15 September 1921 Wallace’s passing was recorded in the January/February
issue of the NSW RSL “Reveille” He enlisted on 14 October 1941 at Paddington (his locality on enlistment was
Earlwood NSW) and he was discharged on 13 December 1945. Regrettably no other details on his service with
the Battalion is known.
Warrant Officer Class Two WAYNE RICHES – Curator Army Museum Singleton NSW
The Regimental Warrant Officer, The Royal New South Wales Regiment, Warrant Officer Class
One Warren Barnes advised with deep regret of Wayne Riches’ passing at home on Christmas
Day, following a valiant battle with cancer.
Late of Singleton NSW, Wayne was a former Regimental Warrant Officer, The Royal New South
Wales Regiment and served for many years throughout his long military career with 4th Battalion
and 4th/3rd Battalion, The Royal New South Wales Regiment.
He also served in a range of staff appointments and was serving as the Museum curator at the
School of Infantry at Singleton prior to his illness. His undertakings, leadership and innovativeness
at the Museum were nothing short of exceptional and will be an on-going legacy and tribute to his immense
contribution to not only the Royal Australian Infantry Corps but also the Australian Army.
He is survived by his brother Peter and family. Wayne was accorded a military funeral and farewelled on Friday 8
January 2010 at the Singleton Catholic Church. The Association was represented by Roger Perry and Bob Pink
and the large presence of Wayne’s comrades was a tribute to his long and devoted military service and included
the Commanding Officer 1/19 RNSWR Lieutenant Colonel Peter Morrissey, The Regimental Colonel RNSWR
Brigadier Paul Couch CSC RFD, former Regimental Colonel Brigadier Bruce Trimble OAM RFD and Commander
5th Brigade Brigadier Paul Brereton RFD.
Lest We Forget
3
As I start to write this report Christmas 2009 has gone and I am watching the Boxing Day Test on
television and “rejoicing” in the rain that has fallen fairly freely over most of New South Wales.
While some will bemoan the fact that their holidays have been spoilt by the rain, it was good gentle
soaking rain, that has been sorely needed. I hope that the members dependent on the rural
industry have received this Christmas gift.
One of our last tasks for 2009 was to act on the suggestion put forward at the AGM that the
Association send “care packages” to the soldiers of 1/19 RNSWR that are serving on overseas deployment. This
suggestion was warmly embraced and Bob and I spent days denuding store shelves to purchase forty three packets of
various items to make up the packages. You would be surprised at how few items on a supermarket shelf have 43 in
stock! The highlight of the package was a MAGNIFICENT Christmas cake baked, iced and decorated with the
Regimental Crest by Linda Colligan. All of the packages were delivered – on time – and, without exception, all the
soldiers, wherever they were serving were absolutely stunned that their Association would make this effort on their
behalf. I think they were even more stunned by Linda’s cakes that provided clear evidence that these were “personal”
packages. My thanks to Bob Pink and Bob Colligan – who thought he was merely delivering the cakes from Culburra
Beach to Ingleburn only to find himself pressed into packaging duties for the remainder of the day – for their assistance
in getting this task completed.
The CO 1/19 RNSWR, LTCOL Peter Morrissey, who visited the troops in Malaysia in the weeks before Christmas in
company with COMD 2 DIV, MAJGEN Craig Williams AM and COMD 8 BDE, BRIG Paul Brereton RFD reported on the
high morale among our soldiers despite the fact that they were spending Christmas away from home. During his visit a
Memorial service was conducted on the bridge at Parit Sulong and the soldiers also visited the Parit Sulong Memorial
and other significant sites of the 1942 Malayan campaign that so many of our members participated in. This reinforced
for the soldiers the proud heritage they carry and the long traditions of service of which they are the present “keepers”.
The sad news this Christmas has been the carnage on the roads during the holiday season. So many of these tragedies
are not the fault of those who suffer the most! Please be extra careful when you venture on the roads. Make sure that
you are well rested, alert, remain vigilant and take extra care.
Sadly, Christmas Day saw the passing of Warrant Officer Wayne Riches. Wayne, who had served in 4 RNSWR and 4/3
RNSWR and had also served a term as Regimental Warrant Officer, had been valiantly battling cancer for a considerable
period. His fortitude in the face of a progressively debilitating illness and his determination not to succumb was an
inspiration to all who had the privilege of knowing him and seeing him in the last few months. In company with Bob Pink I
travelled to Singleton on Friday, 8 January where Wayne was farewelled by a large contingent of his peers in an
impressive military funeral at St Patrick’s Catholic Church. It was tribute to Wayne that a large number of his friends and
colleagues from the School of Infantry, while officially on Christmas stand-down returned from leave early to participate.
The turnout of the guard, the firing party and the bearer party were a credit to WO1 Warren Barnes, Regimental Warrant
Officer, the Royal New South Wales Regiment, who organised the training. After a gathering at Singleton Golf Club a
number repaired to the Sergeants’ Mess at the School of Infantry to enjoy the gracious hospitality of the RSM of the
School of Infantry, and PMC of the Mess, WO1 Welsh, to remember a brother in arms.
The “Walk” from Orange to Sydney organised by members of the 1/19 RNSWR to raise funds for Ronald McDonald
House was a great success due, in no small part, to the response from members of the Association. A total of $20,500
was raised. My thanks to all who contributed and my congratulations to those who made the Walk! The Chief Clerk’s son,
who was the inspiration for the project is expected to be home in May. Needless to say, our best wishes go to him and
his family.
The Australia Day Honours List saw the award of an Order of Australia Medal (OAM) to Association Committee Member
and “original” senior NCO in 19 RNSWR when the Battalion was raised in December 1966, Kevin Jones. Kevin was
honoured for his “service to the community through a range of sporting, agricultural and veterans’ organisations”. An
honour well earned and richly deserved!
Australia Day also saw the honouring of Association Member Bill Baird with the Australia Day Citizen of the Year 2010
Award by Hay District Council and the townsfolk of Hay. Many will recall the article in the March 2009 edition of Frontline
that reproduced a newspaper article about Bill’s life and his service to his community. Well done Bill!
The long weekend mail also brought advice from Thailand-Burma Railway Centre of an honour bestowed on Rod
Beattie. Rod was created a Knight in the Order of Orange-Nassau by Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands in
recognition of his years of work in researching and helping all families connected with the Burma-Thai Railway –
including the 17,000 Dutch PoWs, 2,700 of whom died.
Early February brought the sad news that Association stalwart and founding member, John Foy, was back in hospital
with complications from his cancer treatment. Bob has been to visit John and we await news of recent tests that have
been carried. Our thoughts and best wishes are with John and his family.
I have told you that the Association has undertaken the compilation and publication of an official history of 19 Battalion
AIF. This will close a gap in the proud line of soldiers that have served their country under the numeral “19”. LTCOL
Peter McGuinness, MBE, RFD, ED, who did such a magnificent job on the editing of the third edition of The Grim Glory
has undertaken this enormous task for the Association and has spent may weeks at the Australian War Memorial in
Canberra (Peter actually lives in Tasmania) researching and collecting material. Regrettably, the cost of this enterprise is
not insignificant. To assist the Association in meeting these costs Mrs Joy Newton has produced another thematic queen
bed size quilt for us to raffle. A book of tickets is enclosed with this edition of Frontline. I ask you to sell these tickets, and
ask for more if you will. The prize is well worth the outlay. I know that I can count on the generous support that you have
always given to every request that I have made. This is a cause that must be dear to all of our hearts and I look forward
to the usual exemplary response.
Roger Perry
4
DAY
DATE
SUN
25 APR 10
SAT &
SUN
12 JUN 10
13 JUN 10
19 JUN 10
TIME
0930
EVENT
ANZAC DAY MARCH & REUNION – SYDNEY
WAGGA WAGGA DEPOT DOCKER STREET
DRILL HALL CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS –
Parade with Reserve Forces Day Riverina Members on
the Saturday morning with Centenary Celebrations
Saturday afternoon and Dinner with Riverina members
Saturday evening. Partners welcome. Riverina breakfast
Sunday morning.
1800
ROYAL NEW SOUTH WALES REGIMENT
SAT
OFFICERS’ REGIMENTAL DINNER
LOCATION
Remarks
March - Form Up Outside NSW Leagues Club Elizabeth St
Reunion - MV Jerry Bailey - Sydney Harbour Cruise
See full details at page 12
Further details from Ben DAVEY Tele 0408 695 770
Email: [email protected]
LOCATION TO BE ADVISED
20 JUN 10
SUN
0930
CELEBRATING THE FORMATION OF
THE ROYAL NEW SOUTH WALES REGIMENT
GARRISON CHURCH
MILLERS POINT SYDNEY
Further details & cost
Tele: Regimental Secretary
LTCOL Don SHEARMAN
H: (03) 9437 2383
W: (03) 9450 7059
An impressive ceremonial parade
with a regimental guard & all
Colours of The Royal New South
Wales Regiment in the presence
of The Honorary Colonel The
Royal
New
South
Wales
Regiment
Her
Excellency
Professor Marie Bashir AC CVO
Governor of NSW & The
Regimental Colonel The Royal
New South Wales Regiment
Brigadier Paul Couch CSC RFD
SAT
26 JUN 10
1330
RESERVE FORCES DAY PARADE
CANBERRA
SAT
03 JUL 10
1000
RESERVE FORCES DAY PARADE
NEWCASTLE
SUN
04 JUL 10
1030
RESERVE FORCES DAY REVIEW
SYDNEY DOMAIN Association Reunion NSW Leagues Club Phillip St
SUN
25 JUL 10
0930
POZIERES DAY COMMEMORATION
WOOLLAHRA
SUN
15 AUG 09
1030
VICTORY OVER JAPAN DAY
SYDNEY CENOTAPH
WED
01 SEP 10
1030
BATTLE FOR AUSTRALIA DAY
SYDNEY CENOTAPH
SAT
25 SEP 10
1800
THU
11 NOV 10
12 NOV 10
13 NOV 10
14 NOV 10
1030
FRI
SAT
SUN
St Columba Church
SCHOOL OF INFANTRY
SINGLETON NSW
RNSWR WO/SNCO’S REGIMENTAL DINNER
OVERNIGHT ACCOMMODATION & BREAKFAST INCLUDED IN
VERY REASONABLE COST
REMEMBRANCE DAY
1/19 RNSWR ASSOCIATION
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING & REUNION
WEEKEND
Australian War Memorial
Phone Bob PINK 0414 907 427
or Warren BARNES 0409 909 439
for a booking
SYDNEY CENOTAPH
VENUE TO BE
CONFIRMED & ADVISED
ASSOCIATION PATRONS & OFFICE BEARERS
PATRON & LIFE MEMBER Lieutenant Colonel T.C. (Terry) IRWIN, MBE, OAM, ED, ARMIT, MIR, JP
PATRON
Colonel B.E. (Brian) MARTYN, RFD
HONORARY CHAPLAIN Lieutenant Colonel Reverend Chaplain Canon C.G. (Colin) AIKEN, OAM, RFD, ChStJ
CHANCELLOR
Philip GERBER, LL.M., M.Crim.
PRESIDENT:
R.J. (Roger) PERRY
GPO Box 890 SYDNEY NSW 2001
Telephone: 02 9363 2439
Mobile:
0414 961 969
Facsimile: 02 9328 3319
Email: [email protected]
VICE PRESIDENT & PUBLICITY OFFICER:
M.J. (Mick) PASS
15 Gwydir St BATEAU BAY NSW 2261
Telephone:02 4332 4993
Mobile:
0412 993 417
Email: [email protected]
HONORARY SECRETARY & NEWSLETTER EDITOR:
R.J. (Bob) PINK, OAM
P.O. Box 224 INGLEBURN NSW 1890
Telephone: 02 8747 0941
Mobile:
0414 907 427
Email: bob pink@optusnet com au
.
. .
ASSISTANT SECRETARY:
B.J. (Bryan) SCHAFER JP
42 Delaunay St INGLEBURN NSW 2565
Telephone: 02 9605 5841
Mobile:
0412 432 464
Email: [email protected]
TREASURER:
R.J. (Joy) NEWTON RN BHSc
146 Fragar Rd SOUTH PENRITH NSW 2750
Email: [email protected]
ASSISTANT TREASURER:
R.W. (Bob) WEIR
13 Jason Close SINGLETON NSW 2330
Telephone: 02 6573 4227
Mobile:
0408 639 168
Email:[email protected]
ASSOCIATION HISTORIAN:
G.P. (Geoff) BRADDON, OAM, JP
“Briar Corner” CARCOAR NSW 2791
Telephone & Facsimile: 02 6367 3139
Email : [email protected]
MERCHANDISING & MEMORABILIA:
R.J. (Bob) WADE
8 Mullens Place CALWELL ACT 2905
Telephone: 02 6292 4089
Mobile:
0419 220 895
Email: [email protected]
WEBSITE MANAGER:
J.B. (John) FOGARTY, RFD JP AFAIM
82 Woodburn Street
BERALA NSW 2141
Telephone: 02 9649 3336 Mobile: 0418 458 957
Email: [email protected]
ASSOCIATION WEBSITE ADDRESS:
COMMITTEE:
J.A. (John) ELLIOTT
“Moira Plains”
WILCANNIA NSW 2836
Telephone: 08 8091 9492
Email: [email protected]
G.A.C. (Graeme) GILL
1 Paul Close CAMDEN NSW 2570
Telephone: 02 4655 8245
Email: [email protected]
K.W. (Kev) JONES, OAM
9 Potaroo Place
TOWNSEND NSW 2463
Telephone: 02 6645 5474
Mobile:
0419 164 411
Email: [email protected]
HONORARY AUDITOR:
D. (Dennis) ZALUNARDO, OAM JP
1 Jacaranda Ave BAULKHAM HILLS NSW 2153
Telephone: 02 9639 4673
Mobile:
0418 230 466
Email:[email protected]
http//www.rnswr.com.au
5
1
:
AT LEFT: Mrs Mavis WARD &
son Robert during her
recuperation from hip
replacement surgery.
Unfortunately a trolley accident
required Mavis to spend a
further couple of unexpected
weeks in hospital and
hopefully by the time this issue
is in print she will be back
home.
Ken and Olga GRAY have had a couple of spells in hospital and are on the road to recovery.
Laurie and Helen SHEEDY have also had their share of inpatient treatment over the past few months and
are now both back home.
Bill MANYWEATHERS is recovering from successful surgery at Bowral Hospital and is residing at Bowral for
the next few months. If anyone is passing through he would welcome a call - Tele 0429 653 824.
Graeme GILL’s back operation went OK and we look forward to seeing him on ANZAC Day
SGT Jim MACDONALD now with RAAPC Vic Bks
pictured with Bob PINK at Trinity Grammar School at the
annual School Presentaions by Ashfield RSL Sub Branch
Mrs Mary WRIGHT (wife of Association Member and former
RSM 1/19 RNSWR WO1 Ken WRIGHT) being inducted into
Sydney Legacy on 19 FEB 10 by NSW Legacy Chairman
Colonel John BERTRAM AO
Bill Fogarty and Kevin Harker, who both served in the Fire Assault Platoon 7RAR in Vietnam
1967-68. Now caught fraternising with the WW I enemy at the Turkish Memorial at Cape Helles.
6
1
TO ASSOCIATION MEMBER Kev JONES whose outstanding community work over
many years was recognised and rewarded by his award of the Medal of Order of
Australia in the recent Australia Day Honours. Our thanks to Journalist Erin Brady and
“The Daily Examiner” for the following article:
KEVIN Jones says he had no
choice but to become entrenched
in community life after working
for 31 years with the NSW
Police Force.
Whether it was setting up a
much needed youth centre and
State Emergency Services unit in
Wilcannia or taking on the role
of secretary and treasurer of the
MacLean
and
District
Agricultural Society, Mr Jones
has left his mark on every
community he has lived in.
Today Mr Jones was awarded
an Order of Australia for his
service to the community
through a range of sporting,
agricultural
and
veterans’
organisations.
From his home in Townsend,
Mr Jones said he was honoured
to receive the award. Over the
years Mr Jones has had friends
and colleagues who have been
award the Order of Australia, but
he said it never occurred to him
that he too one day would have
Now that he’s retired Mr Jones
said that he’s cut back on a lot of
his voluntary commitments but
he still has a few community
projects on the go, including his
involvement with the Maclean
sub branch of the Returned and
Services League of Australia.
There’s still not a week goes by
that I haven’t got to go to a
meeting.
Mr Jones thanked his family
for their unwavering support of
his service to the community
that would see him attend
meetings at night and spend days
away from home.
“They’re the ones who put up
with me going to all those
things, so I’d like to say a big
thank you to my family” he said.
Some of Mr Jones’ roles over
the years
Member, United Cricket
Club, President for the past five
years.
Member Lower Clarence
Cricket Association.
Secretary/Treasurer, Byron
Bay Deep Sea Fishing Club.
Board Member, Wilcannia
Golf Club 1980s.
Secretary/Treasurer
Maclean and District
Agricultural Society 2002-2008
involved in the operation of the
Bird Club.
Welfare Officer, Maclean
Returned and Services League of
Australia since 2007, current
Leading Member
Commemoration committee and
member since 2001.
Member, Byron Bay RSL
Club.
the letters OAM after his name.
“I just didn’t think I’d ever get
it so it’s a great honour for me to
accept it” he said.
But when you look at the long
list of roles Mr Jones has held, it
becomes apparent he is a
deserving recipient of the award.
Achievements
include
President of the United Cricket
Club for five years, President of
the MacLean Ex-Services Club
since 2003, director of the Byron
Bay Services Club from 1998 to
2001, foundation member and
President of Byron Bay Lions
Club in 1995, foundation
member and patrol commander
of the Wilcannia Rescue Squad
and an active member of the
Bird Club of the Maclean and
District Agricultural Society.
Mr Jones said his high level of
community
involvement
stemmed from his long career as
a Police Officer and 26 years
serving in the Army Reserve. “A
lot of my transfers around the
state were in isolated and small
communities, so you get
involved in the communities to
do your job properly” he said.
He also said having three
children opened up another
world
of
community
associations that he couldn’t
help but join.
For example through his son
and grandson’s involvement and
success at cricket, Mr Jones had
become a member of the Lower
Clarence Cricket Club and
President of the United Cricket
Club. “I just become tied up in
those things” he said.
President
Maclean ExServices Club
since 2000.
Welfare
Officer,
Northern
Rivers Branch,
Retired Police
Association of
NSW since
2001.
Foundation Member 1/19
RNSWR Association, 10 years.
Director, Byron Bay
Services Club 1998-2001, served
on various sub-committees
during that time.
Member, Byron Bay Blue
Light Disco 1990.
Foundation Member and
President, Byron Bay Lions
Club 1995.
Member, Cape Byron
Light House Trust.
President, Wilcannia Lions
Clubs 1980s.
Foundation Member and
Patrol Commander, Wilcannia
Rescue Squad.
President, Corowa and
Rutherglen Search and Rescue.
Member, numerous
community organizations in the
Cowra area including Lions
Club, Anglers Club, Kennel
Club, Wagga Wagga Rescue
Squad and Blue Light Disco
Committee.
Foundation Member,
National Federation Festival.
CONGRATULATIONS TO ASSOCIATION MEMBER BILL BAIRD ON HIS 2010 AUSTRALIA
DAY “CITIZEN OF THE YEAR” AWARD BY THE HAY DISTRICT COUNCIL AND THE
TOWNSFOLK OF HAY NSW FOR HIS OPERATION OF THE LOCAL DAIRY, THE IVANHOE
MAIL DISTRIBUTION AND HIS GENEROSITY AND SUPPORT TO LOCAL CHILDRENS’
GROUPS.
CONGRATULATIONS TO ROD BEATTIE – KANCHANABURI WAR CEMETERY THAILAND - ROD WAS
CREATED A KNIGHT IN THE ORDER OF ORANGE-NASSAU BY HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF THE
NETHERLANDS IN RECOGNITION OF HIS YEARS OF WORK IN RESEARCHING AND HELPING ALL
FAMILIES CONNECTED WITH THE BURMA-THAI RAILWAY – INCLU DING THE 17,000 DUTCH POWS, 2,700
OF WHOM DIED.
CONGRATULATIONS TO WARRANT OFFICER CLASS TWO RAY MULLER ON HIS
PROMOTION TO WARRANT RANK ON 5 DECEMBER 2009.
CONGRATULATIONS to ROY & ALICE SCHMIDTKE ON BECOMING
GRANDPARENTS WITH THE ARRIVAL OF GRANDSON BRENDAN ON 18
DECEMBER 2009 AND TO HIS PROUD PARENTS DALE AND LOUISE.
CONGRATULATIONS TO TONY ANG ON HIS RECENT COMPLETION OF 50 YEARS
WITH THE NSW RAILWAYS.
7
It is a pleasure to once again acknowledge the generosity of the
following members which is gratefully received.
Our thanks folks !
MAJ
Tony
ANG
PTE
Paul
GRUMLEY
MR
CPL
Bill
BAIRD
MRS
Faye
HEDGES
Ron
BARTON
MR
Mick
HEYDON
MR
Bruce
BATHGATE
MRS
Lynette
HISCOX
MRS
Sylvia
BELL
MRS
Christine
HORROCKS
LTCOL
Gary
BELTRAME
CPL
Dan
JOHNSTON
MRS
Jean
BIRCH
CPL
Charles
JENSEN
LCPL
Geoff
BLAIR
MR
Mick
KILDEY
MRS
Diana
BLAND
LTCOL
Ken
KIRKBY
MAJ
Allan
BRABY
MR
Maurie
LAYTON
SSGT
Geoff
BRADDON
MRS
June
LEWIS
MR
Colin
BRIEN
MAJ
Bob
LIDDEN
MR
Sid
BROWN
MRS
Maureen
LONG
MAJ
Marjorie
BULLIVANT
MR
David
MARINER
SGT
John
BURNS
COL
Brian
MARTYN
MRS
Zita
BURROWS
MRS
Pattie
McALEER
PTE
Colin
CHALKER
MR
Norm
McDONALD
MAJ
Barry
CHAPMAN
MAJ
Ken
McKAY
MR
Ray
CLENDENNING
WO2
Ray
MULLER
MAJ
Harry
COLE
MRS
June
MURDOCH
MR
John
CONNELL
PTE
Graham
NEGUS
MAJ
Brett
COOPER
PTE
Tony
OHLBACH
LT
Tom
COOPER
WO2
Peter
PHILLIPS
MR
Lance
CROWLEY
MRS
Rene
RENNIE
MRS
Rita
DEAN
MRS
Yvonne
RYAN
MRS
Shirley
DRUM
MRS
Dell
STAFFORD
CAPT
Bill
EDWARDS
LTCOL
Geoff
STEVENTON
MR
Charles
EDWARDS
MR
Alf
STONE
WO2
John
ELLIOTT
MRS
Jean
TEERMAN
MRS
Nancy
ELLIOTT
MR
Alan
THIELE
MR
Tony
FANNING
MS
Librada
THIELE
MAJ
Ken
FITZGERALD
SGT
Bob
WADE
MRS
Marj
FLACK
MR
Wal
WILLIAMS
CPL
Tom
FLETCHER
PTE
Anton
YUSWAK
LTCOL
John
FOGARTY
CAPT
Dennis
ZALUNARDO
A very warm and sincere welcome is
extended to the following new member who
joined since the last newsletter:
MAJ Martin
PALL
MOSMAN NSW 2088
8
Dear Bob
Just a quick update – Dad completed
50 years with the NSW Railways in
December 2009 and I have been posted to
APA-S.
I have lost some photos from when I
was with 1/19 RNSWR – particularly those
taken at the Remembrance Day Service in
November 1994 at Ingleburn (I was an
ensign in the Colour Party) and also any
photos of Exercise “Distant Emerald” with
B Company 1/19 RNSWR at Dubbo in 1994.
If anyone has photos of these I would
certainly appreciate a copy.
Regards to all
Tony
(MAJ Tony ANG)
Email: [email protected]
Tele: 0412 332 588
Mr Roger Perry
President
1st/19th Battalion
The Royal New
Association
South
Wales
Regiment
Dear Roger
On behalf of all members of the 1st /19th Battalion
RNSWR deployed to Rifle Company Butterworth,
Rotation Number 88, I would like to thank you and
the members of your association for the thoughtful
and generous gift packages, which were received
by all. On return from a jungle training activity in
Pulada, it was quite a sight to see the company
clerk’s desk piled high with packages.
On any deployment, it is always heartlifting to
know that someone at home is thinking of you,
RCB 88 is no exception. Once again I thank you
and your association for these gifts. Please pass
on our thanks to your members at your next
meeting.
With kind regards
Tom Brisbane
Tom Brisbane
CPL
Transport Supervisor
RCB 88 Malaysia
22 December 2009
These fellows appear suddenly from all directions
including riding down a one way street the wrong way
or driving with their lights off at night to “save petrol” !
The jungle phase at “Paluda” Johore – about 1 hour
from Singapore proved interesting and it took the
enemy party 2 days to successfully get a fire to burn but
I very much like the close country to work in.
To play enemy and watch the diggers go through their
drill showed both the good points and the bad points.
The good being times they sprung us and the bad when
we could have easily have had them in a contact or the
time it took identify where their target was.
I will finish now by saying that this has been a good
deployment and that many will be going on to deploy
straight after RCB to deploy on Operation ANODE in
the Solomons.
My best regards to all in the Association, especially
Lindsay Dobbie and Bob Pink.
Merry Christmas to you all.
Terry Nixon
1/19 RNSWR
Bob & Linda (Christmas cake baker, creative
designer & decorator extraordinaire)
COLLIGAN
ENEMY PARTY PULADA AREA JOHORE MALAYSIA
DECEMBER 2009
L to R: Terry NIXON, LCPL Ian GARHAM,
CPL W. STEVENS
The Christmas cake (badged in gold icing) that
was such a hit with the boys
BUTTERWORTH – MALAYSIA
December 2009
Dear Roger
I have just had the pleasure to receive the care
package that the Association had so thoughtfully sent to
myself and the other 1/19 RNSWR members – it came
as a complete surprise.
Even as I write this I am enjoying the “scotch finger”
biscuits and look forward to the individual Christmas
cake. The RNSWR badge on top of the cake fascinated
all concerned and full marks to Mrs Linda Colligan who
came up with the idea.
Our trip has so far proven interesting and at this
moment the main body of RCB are going on a historical
battlefield tour - “Gemas” being one of the major sites. It
is a pity there are not more sites like this to visit. This is
my second trip here and this time I am in support as a
driver and can say I have seen both sides of the coin.
But as a driver I have a more interesting time – the
roads here are an adventure.
The packers packaging the care packages !
L to R: President Roger PERRY
Bob PINK & Bob COLLIGAN
9
Association Member Alf STONE, OAM was
delighted to receive the following letter of
congratulations and photo from the famous
st
Dame Vera Lynn on the occasion of his 91
Birthday which was accompaied by a disc of
her latest songs !
GREETINGS FROM & OUR BEST WISHES TO Phil &
Deanne GERBER as they undertake their Missionary work.
Field Address C/- Anglican Diocese of the Northern Territory
GPO Box 2950 DARWIN NT 0801 [email protected]
Alf Stone at home with one of
his prized sunflowers
10
1
Our thanks to Association member Mrs Jan Thomas OAM for forwarding the following photos and story, Jan
is the Founder and Honorary Secretary of the 2/3 Australian Hospital Ship Centaur Association. Jan’s father
was a doctor aboard the Centaur when it was torpedoed by a Japanese submarine while it was sailing north
from Sydney on May 14, 1943. Only 64 of the 332 people on board survived.
The Centaur was located on 20 December 2009.
I received an urgent phone call from David Mearns the search
director early on the morning of 10th January seeking our
approval as next-of-kin for an approach to the Minister. We
received approval on the Monday afternoon and the plaque
was laid on Tuesday 12th January.
Centaur is protected by the Historic Shipwrecks Act under
which nothing is allowed to touch her, for which we are very
glad. The plaque was to go on the seabed beside Centaur
but we struck a snag when the seabed turned out to be not
sand but slippery sticky mud and a trial substitute of the
plaque sank into it.
Major Dugdale was on the search vessel. He handed the
plaque to the technicians who lowered it onto the deck after
special permission had been received from the Minister.
At a later wreath-laying ceremony Major Dugdale cast the
weighted wreath in great trepidation - he said he was terrified
it would flip and land upside down, but he did it without a
hitch. It was weighted to reach the bottom.
The plaque in its final resting place on
the deck of the CENTAUR
Plaque hand over
L to R MRS Jan THOMAS, MAJOR DUGDALE and the
President of the CENTAUR Association
MR Richard JONES
Dedication of the plaque at Concord
11
$70.00
PER PERSON PAYABLE
PRIOR TO ATTENDING
Includes cost of 4 hour
cruise and all food and
drinks (less spirits)
MV Jerry Bailey
LUNCHEON MENU
LUNCHEON MENU
To be preceded by light refreshments on boarding (coffee, biscuits & cake) at first pick up at
Circular Quay Lunch: Freshly Cooked Prawns, Cheese, Cabanossi, Jatz, Chicken pieces,
Chinese Mini Dim Sims, Cocktail Frankfurts & tomato sauce, Cocktail Sausage Rolls, Corn Chips
with 4 mixed dips, Party Pies, Fish Cocktails, Marinated Chicken Kebabs, Mini Pizzas, Mixed
Sandwiches, Potato chips / Peanuts, Bread Rolls & Butter, Tea & Coffee, Cake, Fruit Salad & Ice
Cream.
ALL DRINKS
(House Wines - beer - soft drinks – juices, tea/coffee) ARE INCLUDED.
(Spirits are not included - however, if you would like to bring your own sustaining bottle of Mr
Walker or Mr Smirnoff etc., you are most welcome to. Just a reminder folks that we have to
confirm the numbers attending to the Cruise Company by no later than 11 APRIL 2010.
Your prompt attention would be appreciated. Berths will be allocated on a 'first in best
dressed basis'. Please do not just roll up on the day or ring up the night before advising of
your attendance and expect a berth on the cruise - you may be disappointed. A sincere and
warm invitation is extended to all family members and friends who are especially most welcome to
attend. The weather forecast is for a fine sunny day !
THE MARCH
ASSEMBLE from 9.30 a.m. Elizabeth Street (between
King St & Martin Place) SYDNEY outside the NSW
Leagues Club to march with the 2nd/19th Battalion
A.I.F.
nd
th
Following the march with the 2 /19 Battalion A.I.F. - 1/19 RNSWR
members will move back to the corner of Bent and Phillip Streets to
march with 1/19 RNSWR Association in the 2nd Division contingent. A
dash back to Circular Quay after the march to join the ferry will be
required. Limited transport (Land Rover) is yet to be confirmed
however there should be room in one of the 8 Div HQ Land
Rovers for those members of 2/19 Battalion A.I.F. who are
unable / do not wish to march and also a party to carry the 2/19
Battalion A.I.F. Association Banner.
THE REUNION –
SYDNEY HARBOUR CRUISE
The MV 'Jerry Bailey' will pick up members & guests after the march at the Commissioner's Steps
(opposite the old Maritime Services Board building - now the "Museum of Contemporary Art") at
Circular Quay at 12:00 NOON and again at 1:30 p.m. The cruise of Port Jackson and environs will
continue all afternoon and return to Circular Quay at 4.00 p.m. It is suggested that family & friends view the
march in George St Sydney adjacent to Town Hall Railway Station which has lifts installed on all platforms.
They can then travel by train to Circular Quay Railway Station (which has escalators on each platform) to
join the MV ‘Jerry Bailey’ at Commissioner’s Steps.
PLEASE RETURN THE REPLY SLIP ENCLOSED WITH THIS NEWSLETTER TO THE
HONORARY SECRETARY 1/19 RNSWR Association PO Box 224 INGLEBURN
NSW 1890 WITH YOUR PAYMENT BY NOT LATER THAN FRIDAY 16
APRIL 2010. PLEASE NOTE THAT IF YOU PAY AND THEN FIND YOU ARE UNABLE TO
ATTEND, YOUR $$$$ WILL BE REFUNDED.
12
13
1
:
straps,
the
respirators
were
discarded
inside
their bags. You can
just imagine a line of
disgruntled
civvies
and the servicemen
parading past the pit,
throwing this stuff in.
Empty wine bottles
may be a legacy of
those final moments
as people tried to
First Survey of the Adam Park
dull the impact of
Survey highlights
what was unfolding
archaeological potential
around them - it’s an
incredibly vivid reminder of the surrender. And to think
that three and a half years later Mountbatten marched
past not more than 20yds away to take the Japanese
surrender!'
TIGERS IN THE PARK:
A NEW PROJECT IN SINGAPORE
LASTEST NEWS FROM THE
ADAM PARK PROJECT
WWII ARCHAEOLOGY FOUND
INTACT DURING PADANG DIG,
SINGAPORE
FROM Mr Jon COOPER Project Manager
Your members might be interested to hear that
Glasgow University, National University of Singapore
and Singapore History Consultants are setting up a
project looking into the potential for battlefield
archaeology in Singapore. The case study is the
defence of Adam Park by the 1st Battalion
The Cambridgeshire Regiment from 12th to 15th Feb
1942. There is more information at:
http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/battlefieldarchaeology
/centreprojects/singaporewwiiproject/
There was however no time or resource to get to the
bottom of the pit and the intention is to cover up the
site, earmark the location for protection and return to
excavate it fully at a later date. There is of course great
speculation as to what may be found at the bottom of
the trench; perhaps items that were not meant to be
found by the Japanese!
However we would like to hear from any
AIF veterans or members who have information on
the use of the estate as a POW camp after the
fighting. We are particularly keen to build a plan of the
camp detailing the location of the major facilities eg
guard house, canteen, theatre, accommodation,
hospital, dentists etc. If any of your members believe
they can contribute to the research please have them
email me at [email protected]
The Adam Park Project has issued the first draft of the
Research Document. This is to be used as a guide for
archaeologists planning the next phase of surveys. The
document has been well received by various cultural
agencies in Singapore. Work has now started on
tracking down veterans and next of kin both in the UK
and Japan. Recently a preliminary metal detector
survey was carried out at No.20 Adam Park to clear an
area of garden destined to become a new veranda. The
exercise proved very successful, with military buttons,
coins and bullets recovered. The most striking find was
a clip of .303 ammunition from a British Lee Enfield rifle
(see photo). Jon Cooper, the project leader, said ‘The
fact that this was a dropped clip may give some idea of
the intensity of fighting in this part of estate. The man
who lost this clip didn’t have time to reclaim it,
suggesting the area was not safe to hang around in. It’s
a great start to the surveys.'
OR write to me at
235 Arcadia Road #9 09.03 Block A
SINGAPORE 289843
Many Thanks
Jon COOPER
As if proof was needed that WW2 archaeology of high
quality is to be found in Singapore the National
University of Singapore Archaeology Team, led by Lim
Chen Sian from the Department of South East Asian
Studies, recently uncovered an old ARP trench. The
discovery came while they were digging for 14th / 15th
Century pottery on the Padang; the historic ceremonial
area opposite the City Hall and Supreme Court, in the
Very heart of the city.
The Adam Park
Project Profile
Jon Cooper, the TAPP Project Manager, and the
Centre’s man in Singapore, was called in to help
excavate the artefacts found within the trench on
Christmas Eve. He said of the discovery: 'It’s a stroke of
luck that the ARP trench just happened to be in line of
the series of excavation pits laid out by the team looking
for traces of pre-colonial Singapore. It appears that the
trench was turned into a rubbish pit by civil servants
within the City Hall at the time of the surrender to the
Japanese in 1942. For the most part, the artefacts
consist of Mk V Respirators and steel helmets thrown
into the pit, presumably after the ceasefire. All the
respirators are date stamped either 1940 or 1941. The
rubber masks look to be in pristine condition when first
exposed but disintegrate to the touch. Judging by the
presence of numerous buckles and remnants of canvas
Work
has
commenced
on
the Centre’s latest
project - this time
out in the Far
East. Jon Cooper,
after successfully
gaining his MLitt in
2008, has started
up the research phase of a year long project looking at
the potential for battlefield archaeology in Singapore. As
the demand for more housing and new development
slowly covers the island in concrete, the need to
preserve and rescue vital WW2 battlefield heritage has
never been more urgent. Up until now much of the
limited resource has been focused on preserving the
14
1
British fallen back into similar positions all around the
city and fought to the last man as Churchill had
requested. This was the type of fighting Yamashita was
afraid his men would get involved in. With the Imperial
army’s supplies stretched and the troops so tired, could
the British have held out for longer in such enclaves?’
has been focused on preserving the concrete
fortifications which have for many years represented all
that was bad about the 1942 invasion and the British
defeat. However many of these sites were bypassed by
the Japanese or abandoned by the British and
witnessed little of the actual fighting. This project is
unique for the island as it focuses entirely on the
battlegrounds and is attempting to evaluate the
potential for the recovery of artefacts lost during the
actual fighting. The case study for the assessment is
the defence of the Adam Park Estate by the 1st
Battalion of the Cambridgeshires Regiment, ‘The Fen
Tigers’, from the 12th to 15th February 1942.
On a more practical level the project also hopes to
identify the pitfalls and problems of working on WW2
sites in a tropical urban environment and hopes to
stimulate enough interest to kick start further work on
other sites, especially at Pasir Panjang, site of the last
stand of the Malayan Regiments and Kranji shoreline
where the Australians successfully repelled
Japanese landings.
As Jon says, ‘This is an incredible story relating to the
fighting at such a seminal point in the campaign. Here
was a TA unit, originally destined to fight in the Middle
East, finding itself in Singapore, only to be told it was all
over and they were never going to win. Not only do the
Cambridgeshires decide to fight, but they are the only
unit who stand their ground during the Japanese
onslaught. They take and hold positions in a housing
estate at Adam Park, fighting for three days without
water and minimal rations, under constant air attack
and artillery barrage, inflicting hundreds of casualties
and destroying numerous Japanese tanks. Finally, on
the 15th, they are cut off and surrounded and their
commander requests permission to break out. In
response, he receives news of the general ceasefire
that presages the surrender. Many of his men remain
unaware of the ceasefire and fight on beyond the
deadline as they were totally cut off from their HQ.’ ‘The
survivors of the Cambridgeshires are then herded into a
tennis court for three days before starting their long
march to Changi and 3 ½ years of captivity from which
many never returned. It is a gut wrenching finale to an
epic piece of military history.’
The Project Team have already been in contact with the
Imperial War Musseum at Duxford, home of the
Cambridgshire’s Regimental Museum and hope to
contact veterans of the fighting in order to obtain
eyewitness accounts that may help their research.
Watch the website for the latest news as the project
develops.
Our flag bears the stars that blaze in the
night, In our southern sky of blue, and the
little flag in the corner, that is part of our
heritage too.
It’s for the English, the Scots, and the Irish
who were sent to the ends of the earth, the
rogues and schemers, the doers and the
dreamers, who gave modern Australia birth.
Adam Park today lies on the edge of city’s expansion
and the distinctive black and white bungalows receive
government protection and date back to the fighting. ‘Its
mazing to think that these houses, verandas and
gardens were the ones that the Cambridgeshires
established their positions in. Some were even
occupied by the Japanese then recaptured by the
And you who are shouting to change it you
don't seem to understand, it's the flag of our
law and our language, not the flag of a
faraway land.
Though there are plenty of people who'll tell
you how when Europe was plunged into
night, that little old flag in the corner was
their symbol of freedom and light..
It does not mean we owe allegiance to a
forgotten imperial dream, we have the stars
to show where we are going and the old flag
to show where we have been.
British. The Battalion HQ at No.7 Adam Park is now
home to a Japanese Restaurant, how ironic is that! We
also hope to find the Tennis Court used as a holding
pen after the engagement, it’s such a poignant part of
the landscape. ’The project team hope to construct a
detailed plan of the estate as it was when the British
took it over and identify the location of their field works.
It will then be possible to work out why the Park was so
difficult to take. If we can figure out why the defence of
Adam Park was so successful it may be possible to
theorise about what would have happened had the
Penrith Press: Harry Morfoot,
President Penrith City National Serviceman's
Association of Australia.
(Contributed by Reg Newton)
15
We have conclusively researched the last known grid map reference of our 22 Australian Army personnel “Missing in
Action” during the Korean War which confirms that one MIA is in South Korea, four are in the South Korean DMZ
and seventeen are in the North Korean DMZ. The documented evidence and maps created detail information that has
never before existed and are intended for presentation to Australian Government Ministers, Australian Defence Force,
South Korean Government and the media to focus attention on authorities to pursue matters that will require
investigations into the recovery of the remains of our MIA servicemen.
Quote: ”everything that could be done to help in recovering the Korean “MIA’s” should be done'..
Minister Warren Snowden, Canberra Times 24 MAY 2009.
At this point we have secured 25 mtDNA swab samples from 11 of the 22 families of the MIA Army men which currently
are in the possession of JPAC, CIL Hawaii. The 11 Army men whose families we have located and have supplied mtDNA
swabs are - Pte JB Ashe Pte EG Bourke Cpl WK Murphy Pte RD Rootes Lt LB Ryan Pte JP Saunders Pte AJ
Scurry Pte RW Shennan Lt FC Smith Pte LJ Terry Pte TG Wallace. All of the families located are in Australia with
the one exception, Cpl William Murphy whose family live in Ireland.
Listed below are the other 11 Army MIA men whose families / relatives we are anxious to locate and
secure mtDNA swab samples:
PLACE OF
DATE OF
DATE MISSING
GIVEN NAME/S
ARMY No.
RANK
SURNAME
UNIT
IN ACTION
BIRTH
BIRTH
Birkenhead
Cheshire
Francis
PTE
BRADY
3 RAR
25.1.1953
1.12.1921
4/400156
England
Marton
John King
5/2514
PTE
CHRISTIE
3 RAR
15.4.1953
25.6.1922
New Zealand
Moree
Thomas Randolph
2/401322
PTE
FOOT
3 RAR
14.5.1952
2.1.1924
NSW
Birmingham
Warwickshire
Leslie John
3/10647
PTE
GRIFFITHS
1 RAR
11.12.1952
25.1.28
England
Perth
Joseph William
PTE
HODGKISSON
3 RAR
25.1.1953
20.9.1932
W.A.
5/400181
Brisbane
William Rudolph
1/1641
PTE
KUNKEL
1 RAR
16.11.1952
14.11.1930
QLD
William Thomas
Glen Innes
PTE
LORD
3 RAR
13.7.1952
27.10.1927
NSW
Henry
2/400437
Auckland
John Lawrence
2/400919
PTE
MCKANDRY
3 RAR
13.3.1953
1.10.1930
New Zealand
Moonee
Ponds
John William
2/400798
PTE
NICHOLSON
3 RAR
14.3.1953
26.3.1932
VIC
6.7.1925
Cahir, Ireland
Peter
3/400608
PTE
WHITE
3 RAR
14.1.1953
relatives may be
in NZ.
Birmingham
Denis
Edward
3/10796
PTE
WHITEHOUSE
3 RAR
14.8.1952
30.09.1930
England
Enquiries to locate the families / relatives via our Government "public service" departments has proved fruitless and
without any indication that they may pursue our enquiries. They can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking
they used when they created them. Think what might be possible if we decided to work together. We would greatly
appreciate DVA and the Editors of the Korean War Associations and other Associations to include an article in the next
issue of their newsletters seeking assistance from their members and others in locating any family members we are
hoping to locate. We also have the opportunity to reveal to such families the details pertaining to the MIA status of the
hero.
Please forward all positive responses to me. If any queries or questions please contact me at your convenience.
Kind regards and all the best
Ian Saunders
'Amarillo'
Temora Road
COOTAMUNDRA 2590 NSW Australia
Telephone: 02 6942 3564
Email: [email protected]
16
I wonder if any of our Association members may
be able to assist me. ?
Back ground:
In The Grim Glory there are references to
NAKHON NAYOK AND PITSANOLUK. (mainly
p 637-641). None of the references are
definitive. It is of interest to note that The
Grim Glory states that 18 went to Phits and
14 to Nakhon Nayok.
I have found only 3 substantial references on
this area.
- 952 publications Medical Middle East and Far
East.
- The Colour Patch by Murray Ewen
- A privately published book “A Kind of Destiny”
by Eve Karslake Craven (a book about her
husband)
In many cases there are only 10 to 12 lines
about this phase of the POW life.
Could you ask your members if any of them
have sketch maps or anything which could
assist? I am off to Thailand in early February 10
and am taking the son of the Aussie MO who
was in both camps, Captain Le Gay Brereton
plus a couple of other interested people.
When you have published the final instalment of
Bill Lowcock’s story. I will place his story on my
website, acknowledging the 2/19 Battalion AIF
Association. His story was very useful, as he did
mention some tunnelling in the nearby hills.
That confirmed info I had from another Aussie
MO who passed away at age 98 last year.
Hoping you may be able to help.
SAT 6 FEB 10
Dear Bob,
I am using this media to try to establish contact with the
2/19 Bn AIF Association . My wife Virginia Maxwell Torrens
is the great niece of BRIG Duncan Struan Maxwell and I
have recently become aware of the regimental record - The
Grim Glory of the 2/19 Battalion A.I.F. by R.W. Newton and
various Unit members.
A second issue is that I have learnt of the existence of
the diary kept by BRIGADIER Duncan MAXWELL
whilst a POW in Singapore, Formosa and Manchuria –
my daughter is a curator in the AWM and has tried to
locate the diary but no luck to date – it must exist as it
is a significant reference document in Newton’s The
Grim Glory of the 2/19 Battalion A.I.F. My wife would
like the opportunity to read her Great Uncle’s full diary
if possible. Can you help or point me to someone who
can?
I also understand that BRIG Maxwell’s brother MAJ Arthur
Mainwaring “Tingghi” Maxwell, the “head gardener” in
Changi, also kept a diary and we think we can locate that
through the AWM. I have also copied this to Harper and
Janet Wright, Janet is Virginia’s cousin.
I would be very grateful if you could assist or advise – my
wife’s mother is 90 and she was Duncan Maxwell’s
favourite niece and still speaks very fondly of him. I enclose
a AWM picture of the Maxwell brothers with Charles Bean
during WWI.
I look forward to hearing from you
Best Wishes
Roland Torrens
Commander, RAN Rtd
5, McNicoll Street
HUGHES ACT 2605
Phones: 02 62821125
0404037836
Email: [email protected]
Regards.
Peter Winstanley
Phone: (08) 93045248
Fax: (08) 93045324
Mobile Ph: 0407 083 669
Address: Unit 248-85 Hester Ave Merriwa
6030 Western Australia
Email: [email protected]
Web Site: www.pows-of-japan.net
Group portrait, left to right: Captain (Capt) Duncan S. Maxwell
MC, Aide-de-Camp (ADC), 4th Division, Mr C. E. W. (Charles)
Bean, Capt Arthur Maxwell DSO MC, ADC, 4th Division
Headquarters, and Capt Angus E. Butler, 18th Field Company,
Royal Engineers, in front of the Chateau
17
From David Ring 1/19 RNSWR Association
As a past Reservist I’m very concerned about the way the government and the leadership in Defence are
playing for points with the Defence Force Reserves. The government’s White Paper on Defence 2009
emphasises a higher capability and readiness for operations in the future for the Reserves Forces if called
on. The government is placing more emphasis on Defence in overseas operations in the Asia Pacific and the
Middle East regions and at this time Reservists are serving on operations in these regions. It is fair to say the
length of time that Regular and Reserve Forces will be needed for rotations in these regions, will be years.
For Defence to down play the role that Reservists play in the community is something of stupidity that will
cost Australia dearly in the future. History tell us the heart of an Army lies in its will to fight and that comes
from a strong unit morale and to hit it the way the Chief of Army is doing is madness. It is robbing Peter to
pay Paul. The cut backs in training days, ammunition and parade nights and the talk of merging units not to
mention the sad proposals of the offloading of Army depots will see Reserve numbers drop to the degree
that will make units unable to meet Defence operational needs in the future.
The media release on Tuesday 29th December 2009 by Chief of Army Lieutenant General Ken Gillespie,
AO, DSO, CSM was to clarify misleading reports in the media. The Chief of Army states that the number of
days paraded by the Reserves has risen steadily and the expenditure that is associated with the increase is
accommodated in the overall military work force budget and the pressure about the budget being
constrained on training salaries is not true.
A further $9.6 million of the Defence supplementation will cover the increased costs caused by the new pay
scales. In comments about Reserves ammunition allocation the Chief of Army said "that ammunition cutback
is untrue and in order to ensure forces are prepared for operations and deployment, all ammunition is
managed accordance with unit and operational priorities." But when units are allocated 25 rounds per person
on a mag 58 shoot, which a unit had last year I think that the Chief of Army may need to move around the
Reserve units and see the picture on the ground. In a case about Defence security I know of an instance
were a unit’s holiday security picquet was in the hands of a private soldier with the unit keys doing the job of
an NCO. If the dollars are in place why is.a private doing this job?
The Chief of Army has stated “The highest priority tasking for the Reservists continues to be for them to
provide support to prepare for and deploy on operations. Training and preparation for these will be funded
first." But the Chief of Army did state that the Reservists are performing magnificently on operations because
of the strong training conducted. And Army will continue working hard to support these initiatives within the
budget constraints. "If the budget constraints are stopping all units from training up to preparing for
deployment it is about time that Defence Chiefs tell the government and the Australian people what is
needed. I think the more units that deploy on operations the stronger the Defence of the Nation will be at
home and in the regions of interest in the future.
FROM MAJOR Terry BETTS OPS OFFR 1/19 RNSWR ORANGE NSW
This year Harry and I have decided to again take part in the Cancer Council’s Orange 2010 Relay
For Life. We want to be an active participant in the global movement that is fighting back against
cancer. Relay For Life is an event where we can get together with friends and family to Celebrate
cancer survivors, Remember loved ones lost to cancer, and Fight Back by making a
difference….all in a fun weekend!
We would like you to support our team! Our team is called Bushmans Rifles.To support our Relay
For Life team go to www.relay.cancercouncil.com.au/?2010/orange_2010/the_bushmans_rifles/ and follow the steps.
Cancer is a major issue. Did you know?
• One in two Australians will be diagnosed with cancer before the age of 85.
• Every five minutes, another Australian is diagnosed with cancer. While survival rates
are improving every day, cancer remains a leading cause of death.
Every dollar raised at Relay For Life helps the Cancer Council to:
• Investigate new ways to prevent, detect and treat cancers
• Educate people in our community about ways they can reduce their cancer risk
• Advocate for cancer control and influence government policy
• Support people during their times of greatest need
For those that have supported Relay For Life in previous years, you can be very proud of
what has been achieved through our great projects - so let's continue to Fight Back!
Cheers,
Terry and Harry
18
2
(FROM THE ORANGE CENTRAL WESTERN DAILY)
Lieutenant Sean Lawler of Cowra with Commanding Officer 1st/19th Battalion The Royal New South Wales
Regiment Lieutenant Colonel Peter Morrissey at the Parit Sulong Memorial. Lieutenant Lawler sounded the Last Post
and the Rouse with a cornet from Orange at the memorial service.
Memorial hosts moving ceremony
IN a moving military ceremony
with strong links to Orange, the
strains of the Last Post & Reveille
recently rang out at the Parit Sulong
Memorial in Malaysia.
Members of the 1st/19th Battalion
The Royal New South Wales
Regiment, many of whom are based
at Orange’s Romani Barracks, stood
silently as Lieutenant Sean Lawler of
Cowra played a historic cornet which
was used by Australian soldiers at the
infamous Burma Railway during
World War II.
The cornet was handed to the
Battalion in Orange 18 months ago
for safekeeping by Changi and
Burma Railway survivor Keith
Harris.
The cornet bore the inscriptions of
Battalions and forces engaged in
in conflict and later the building of
the Burma Railway and was used for
ceremonies
by
the
defeated
Australian troops including funerals
on the railway.
Parit Sulong was the site of the first
large military massacre by Japanese
forces during World War II, when
110 wounded Australian soldiers
unable to escape the invading forces
were killed.
The men were doused in petrol and
set alight by the Japanese, with only
one survivor Lieutenant Ben
Hackney, who eluded the Japanese
initially but was later caught.
He survived the war and lived to
tell the horrific tale and is buried in
Bathurst cemetery.
19
2/19 Battalion AIF member and Burma
Railway and Changi survivor Keith Harris
hands the cornet used by Australian
soldiers on the Burma Railway to the
Commanding Officer 1st/19th Battalion The
Royal New South Wales Regiment at a
dinner at Orange Ex-Services Club.
SQUADRON LEADER Alan LYONS
Reserve Service March 1962 to July 2009
It does not seem
like 47 years ago
that
joined the
CMF.
questioned why the answer was the other 6x6 had a
flat battery. When asked why they had not used one
truck to push start the other I got the same answer.
When questioned further the answer was “its flat” –
the battery jumped out of the cradle and under the
rear wheels. It was indeed flat, about 1 inch thick
after a 5 ton of truck ran over it..
My interest in
service life began
in my high school
which had an Air
Training
Corps
flight
which
I
joined.
Upon
leaving school and
enrolling at Sydney University I was recruited by
Sydney University Regiment. The University
Squadron was a well kept secret and it was some
months before I found out about its existence by
which time I decided to stay in the Regiment. The
initial issue of uniforms included khakis and brown
boots which had to be stained black before spit
polishing could commence.
During my time with ARRLS we also had enquiries
for the other two services. For those who enquired
about the Naval Reserve I had a work colleague who
was a member of the RANR and all enquiries were
passed to him. For the Citizens Air Force (CAF) we
had nothing so I wrote to Air Force HQ for
information. I did not receive a reply for some 4
years but in 1979 I received a letter asking me to go
to RAAF Richmond to discuss my recruiting enquiry.
As I was still responsible for recruiting at 3 Transport
Coy I decided to go to RAAF Richmond to get the
information. After some discussions with the
Operations Flight Commander and out of the blue I
was offered a commission in the CAF. A new
challenge so I accepted.
The FN rifle was just coming into service and the old
AUST pattern webbing which was issued had to be
cleaned with “blanko”. About 3 months after I joined
our khakis were taken and dyed green. At this time
our WO2 training was one Hugh Beresford Gordon
who was later to become RSM of 19 Battalion The
Royal New South Wales Regiment. Hugh was a
character in many ways and had one eye which did
not point in the same direction as the other. When
being “bawled out” by him you were never sure
whether it was you or the guy next to you who was
being dressed down. I have kept in touch with Hugh
over these many years.
The tasks of an “operations officer” were varied and
included not only single service Air Force operations
but also joint and tri-service operations. This
included going to Butterworth, Malaya, to carry out
anti-submarine
operations
tracking
Soviet
submarines that had to go through the straits on the
surface as it was too shallow. The best part of being
an “opso” was the fact that weapons pits were few
and far between. Unfortunately my civilian career got
into the act from time to time and some of my time
was on the general reserve.
Over the next 18 years I served in 4 RNSWR, 5 Task
Force HQ, HQ Coy 2 Division, 19 - 1/19 RNSWR,
Army Reserve Recruiting (ARRLS) and 3 Transport
Coy. I was promoted CPL in 1966 and SGT in 1968.
My time with 1/19 was very enjoyable and during the
“Nasho” years we had many incidents which were in
their own way most amusing. One involved our
putting an Israeli and an Arab in the same tent
during one of the middle east conflicts. This same
young Arab, by the name of Pte Dawar had
problems putting on his uniform in a military manner.
In order for him to go on leave it took his Section Cpl
and Platoon Sgt to dress him so that he would pass
inspection.
The last posting as SOADMIN for the Directorate of
Health Reserves Air Force was perhaps the most
interesting and demanding of my career. It involved
some of the most committed reservists that I have
served with. These highly trained medical
professionals go to some of the most appalling
humanitarian situations such as Aceh Indonesia as
well as looking after our servicemen and women in
the middle east. Not withstanding all of this the two
best moments of my career have been when I
commanded a platoon in the absence of our platoon
commander and the command of an Air Force Cadet
Squadron. Both the most difficult and rewarding of
I happened to be the Orderly SGT that night and on
his return to camp at about midnight I asked him how
his leave went. He said it was great except that his
girlfriend was feeling in the mood but he couldn’t do
anything about it as he could not put his uniform
back on again properly so he missed out. On
another occasion when on an exercise I was driving
up a track when I saw a 6x6 coming towards me with
two drivers in the cab instead of one. When
This is not withstanding that I have retired from
the Air Force three times. Every time I retired they
increased the compulsory retirement age, 55 then
60, and back I came. But now at age 65, and oh
yes one can go to age 70 now with extensions,
but enough is enough.
my career.
20
2
21
account. Cahill’s had an illustrious history as one
of the original post World War One coffee houses.
The other important one was Repin’s. Cahill’s in
1965 had a number of restaurants across the City
of Sydney with one at Kings Cross and another at
Double Bay as well. A feature of Cahill’s was that
it had a variety of methods of service delivery the
chief of which was the bistro. Cahill’s were the first
to offer a bistro service in Australia at their Mark
Foy’s restaurant. It’s a style of service still seen in
some restaurants today. All of Cahill’s other
restaurants offered split menu’s with a fixed menu
and an a la carte menu. A consequence of this
was that each of these styles of restaurants was
able to offer the cuisine of many other nations
when no else was going in that direction. The
other aspect of this approach was that each
restaurant had a specific name and theme. The
one in Park Street was the Clipper, the one at
Goldfields House was the Island Trader and so
on. The Original though was 51 Castlereagh
Street and that was were I first worked. It was also
the place where I met one of the very few female
apprentices then in the profession.
LEARNING THE TRADE
FROM NOEL SELWAY
CUISINUER DE SERGENT
D’ABORD DIX-NEUVIENE DU PIED
Learning how to cook commercially was very
interesting and also something that wasn’t for the
faint hearted. When I joined Nationwide Food
Services they were big operators of works
canteens at many inner city locations which made
it interesting for me to be landed in their showcase
reception houses known as Amory/Jonroe at
Ashfield. While I was on probation for an
apprenticeship many skills were developed in first
class cookery. Things like the pre-prep of meat
and vegetables and a lot of confectionary work
under the skilled pastry cook. Access to a sugar
confectionary specialist in Ashfield was excellent
even if he was a really difficult person to work
under.
Getting started meant that the newly employed
trainee would spend a fair part of the day both
preparing the milk bar and then operating it during
business hours. The milk bar was a very busy
place especially during Summer. A wide variety
was on offer in the way of milk shakes, ice cream
cakes and other types of sweets and you had to
be quick. There was no formal training, it was in at
the deep end having been shown once what the
products were supposed to look like. Another
aspect of getting started was in the preparation of
vegetables and the reason for this was to make
you proficient in handling a knife which was part of
the personal equipment you were expected to
have when you started. You managed your own
knives, steels, and whatever else you may have
needed to make life a bit easier. You had to keep
an eye on your gear because it went missing very
easily and to replace a knife cost a good part of
your pay.
The art of blowing sugar like glass is not
something that you learn overnight. The use of
vegetable dye to paint rose petals and leaves and
so on is also a craft that takes time to learn. In
these things practice was the answer and never
mind how many times you failed unless driven by
time to complete say a bunch of roses for a
client’s presentation cake and so on. Things
would have been OK there except for the attitudes
of both the chef and the pastry cook and the
business sensibilities of the manager. After about
five months the work environment became too
difficult with the tension of the relationship
between the three of them generated and
ultimately I left the place to try somewhere else
and at the time I departed I had no idea where
that may have been.
As you become more at ease with your jobs and
there are many of them in a commercial kitchen,
management would farm you out to other
restaurants in the chain or send you as a job swap
to such places as the Australia Hotel which was
only a few doors away to broaden your kitchen
experience or just to get you out of the way for a
while. The Australia Hotel was an enormous place
and the kitchen went on for ever. These stays
were only for a few weeks at a time and certainly
made a difference to your outlook when you
returned. Other job swaps were to the commercial
I received some fatherly advice that Cahill’s
Restaurants in the City of Sydney would be a
good choice after Amory so I made a nuisance of
myself by visiting the head restaurant at
51Castlereagh Street regularly until they
reluctantly employed me as an apprentice once
again on probation. I formally entered my
apprenticeship on the 17th February 1965 having
had the five months spent at Amory taken into
22
bakery over at South Sydney which later became
Tip Top Bakeries and to the wholesale butcher A
J Bush and Son at Flemington to learn about
butchery, meat handling and packaging. None of
this happened overnight but as we went along. It
was an interesting way to learn many aspects of
the industry. I wasn’t aware of other Cahill’s
apprentice’s routines as we hardly saw each other
but there was always an assumption that we all
followed the same path but that’s an unknown.
to change into because the first jobs of the day left
you looking pretty untidy. All the heavy work of the
day went on first thing. Carting bags of potatoes,
lugging milk cans, shifting meat tubs, re-ordering
the contents of the refrigerators and moving dry
goods around and re-stocking the cellars for the
wine waitresses who were under the charge of a
very knowledgeable senior waitress - there wasn’t
much she didn’t know about the cellar. When all
that was completed the milk bar and the
vegetables were prepared while other cooks
attended to meat preparation and preparing the
stoves and deep fryers for the days business.
Cahill’s had a factory in an old sail makers loft at
Chippendale near Redfern where their famous
cheese cakes, caramel sauce and confectionary
were made and it was a given that time was spent
there as well learning those skills. All the time the
process of learning the trade went on by being
sent from restaurant to restaurant like a relief
chef. Criss-crossing Sydney City or being sent to
Double Bay and the Cross was an experience and
much was learnt not only about the trade, you met
all sorts as you travelled around. All that was ever
taught, and experience was also a great teacher
when there was no one to guide you, was the use
of raw material and meal preparation from scratch
using fresh produce. Sometimes this meant a very
early morning start to accompany the buyer down
to Sydney markets at Haymarket to purchase the
huge amount of fruit and vegetables Cahill’s
restaurants consumed in its restaurants each day.
A result of this was that your become accustomed
to being able to judge quality with your eye rather
than having to handle the produce which suited
the dealers.
The doors opened in the upstairs dining room at
51 Castlereagh Street around 11am and things
were busy until about 2pm when at the lull the
cooks were sent on a broken shift which generally
lasted about an hour and a half and this was
across all Cahill’s Restaurants. It was always
possible to occupy yourself in that one and half
hours. I’d go around the corner to Charles
Bernard’s the shirt maker in King Street and see if
shirts I had ordered were ready or go into a
nearby bookshop and spend some time. Very
rarely I’d go on a ferry ride which on one
occasion, because of the heavy weather, meant I
was late getting back. The ferry across to Manly
was the Barragoola and wasn’t it a rip roaring trip.
The vessel rode the waves across the Heads
frightening the life out of all us because the roll
and pitch of the ship was such that we really
thought it would roll too far and we’d be sunk. The
trip back was just as bad. I didn’t mind the
reprimand I got being pleased to still be alive.
There were no more trips to Manly in my broken
shift. It was the Newsreel at Wynyard after that it
was a lot safer.
On other occasions the agent from the meat
supplier would come to the restaurant with some
new cut of meat or other new product so Cahill’s
could add it to the menu to see if it would fly or
not. These sorts of experiments lasted around a
week at a time and it was no loss if there was no
success. New products were being tried out all the
time. Another novel addition to the kitchen was
the installation of a micro wave and we were told it
was the first in a commercial kitchen in Sydney.
There was a giggle that when we turned it on the
lights of Sydney dimmed which was very nearly
true. It certainly sucked the power and had the
capacity of only a single plate at any one time and
was used very sparingly at the very end of the
trading day which ended around 8.30pm each day
for last minute meals.
Cahill’s employed a lot of New Zealanders as
waitresses and they were terrific. Quick-witted as
they needed to be because taking orders of
customers and serving them required those sorts
of skills which were picked up on the job. Cahill’s
also had many older women waitresses who had
been with the firm for years and what they didn’t
know about customers wasn’t worth writing about.
They were always deferred to by the New
Zealanders and certainly the kitchen staff. The
quality of the table service was always
immaculate. Clean white linen table cloths and
napkins, polished silverware and cruet sets plus a
small vase of fresh flowers were standard at all
tables at 51 Castlereagh Street. In the other
restaurants they deferred to their themes for their
table settings. Wine was table served as well and
generally purchased per glass rather per bottle.
When the waitresses took orders they also wrote
a kitchen ticket which was driven onto a spear at
say the grill, or the milk bar and these were cryptic
In nature but after a while the mere utterance of
Apart from 51 Castlereagh Street which opened
early for breakfast and went through to the end of
dinner each day the majority of the other
restaurants opened only for lunch and dinner. The
preparations for the days work was the same in all
of them though and they were busy places. Cooks
were expected to wear clean apparel each day
and it was wise if you had a second set of clothes
23
an order was enough, your memory did the rest
for it to be attended to. On rare occasions the
sequence got out of order or other waitresses
orders were dealt with before the next one but not
often. Cahill’s Restaurants were all busy places
and had a reputation for excellence. Meals off the
house fixed menu were inexpensive. It was
possible to have say a braised beef with
vegetables with bread and butter, a pot of tea or
coffee plus a sweet for less than ten shillings. It
was quite enough for busy office workers who
generally inhabited the place during the luncheon
periods in all the Restaurants. The a la carte
menu was more expensive and this catered to
those after a steak or fried chicken and they were
charged separately for whatever they ate. Tea
and coffee and bread and butter were served with
all meals irrespective. By the time I had been with
Cahill’s for twelve months I met most of the
people I was going to be working with for the rest
of my apprenticeship. It would be reasonable to
say they were a very mixed bag. From those who
hid their incompetence with a temperamental
nature to others who just breezed through each
day as if that’s just something you did.
of Circular Quay. These were Goldfields House
where the restaurant was located, the Maritime
Services Board, the AMP building plus the many
other buildings round about. On one occasion I
asked the manager how many people the
automatic counter counted through the door and
was given some outlandish figure that was hard to
dispute. I never asked again. However many it
was, it was always a really busy place with the
salad bar doing as much business as the open
grill from which meals were served direct. The
kitchen prep work never stopped. I was very much
a child of the times during the last couple of years
of my apprenticeship although on the job it was
hard to tell. This made my final weeks in the trade
a real angst with management, or at least for one
manager, who tried to sack me because he
thought I didn’t meet his expectations, so he said,
of what a chef should look like. It had nothing to
do with the skills I possessed. The Apprenticeship
Commission made sure the sacking never
happened and I had my job back within a few
hours. It was a bit traumatic. There was a view
among my many waitress friends that it was
jealousy because I had very good relations with
them and that he had a view that they were his
territory and I was intruding. They of course did
their best to avoid his many unwanted advances.
After three years seven months in the trade I left
as a qualified Commercial Cook on the 27th
October 1968 never to go back to the profession
except as a volunteer. The fact was that there
were few opportunities open to qualified chefs to
whom the industry was obliged to pay above
award wages which they didn’t wish to do and our
age was also an obstacle. The idea that someone
less than 20 years old could know as much if not
more than chefs who supposedly had years of
experience could be worth more than the award
meant that for nearly all of us there was nowhere
to go except out of the trade. Working as a mere
cook wasn’t on any of our horizons as we’d all
gone well beyond those bounds years ago.
I think my favourite restaurant was the
Cosmopolitan which was situated in Pitt Street
next door to the Sydney Hotel. The head chef was
a little Greek who had a jealous hatred of his
Northern Italian second chef who happened to be
very very good. His assistant was his cousin and
she was also very good. They thought I was
terrific because by that time I was well into the
intellectual challenges the 1960’s were presenting
and my appearance showed it. They thought it
was great and the Greek was given another target
for his hatred. As apprentices we went to East
Sydney Technical College situated in the Old
Darlinghurst Gaol. Like all makeshift places the
kitchens reflected the age of the building.
Everyone learning the catering trade went there.
There were bakers shops and butcheries there as
well. One of the challenges was getting there and
that depended on where you started your day. I
generally came straight out of one of the
restaurant kitchens with the evidence of the days
work already upon me much to the consternation
of the teachers who expected us to look
immaculate. Because of the way Cahill’s were
employing me I was well ahead of some of the
others in the class and this caused some
problems for the teachers who at times didn’t
know what to do with me. Most of my fellow
students were employed in restaurants or hotels
and didn’t go anywhere else so all they knew was
what they dealt with every day. The last ten weeks
of my time as an apprentice was spent at the
Island Trader. I had worked there earlier when it
first opened a few years before. The Island Trader
catered for several major buildings in the vicinity
It was a bad end to a very interesting period in my
life which was made even then disappearing
because within a few months not only did Cahill’s
as a business begin to fade away as other
American oriented restaurants opened across
Sydney like Mars Steakhouses, but the whole
nature of restaurant management began to be
driven by the need to make high profit margins as
well as the adoption of bulk soup and sauce
products for kitchen use among quite a few
others. It meant they had to use less resources so
it was cheaper. The old tried and trusted methods
us apprentices had been taught and used to good
effect over the years was made redundant and
that skills we learned were lost to the industry
along with much else.
24
fighting in the Ypres area relatively quickly, Haig
(and Gough) seemed to take an inordinate time to
realise that their approach on the Somme battlefield
was not productive. When they turned their attention
to Ypres late in 1917, they then seemed to prefer to
learn from their own experience rather than profit
from Plumer’s. Another problem covered by
Terraine, but perhaps not given the attention it
deserves, was the often poor support provided by his
staff. In particular, his chief of staff, Sir Launcelot
Kiggell, and his intelligence officer, Charteris, were
both retained long beyond the time when their
dismissal might have seemed warranted. Charteris’
persistent optimism about the ‘collapsing’ state of the
German Army in the face of clear battlefield
evidence to the contrary is an object lesson for all
intelligence officers on the deleterious effects of
wishful thinking.
Douglas Haig:
The Educated
Soldier
John Terraine
Published by Cassell,
London, 2005
(First
published
by
Hutchinson, 1963)
508
pages,
RRP
$35.00
Field Marshal Earl Haig has not had a good press
since at least 1918. Generations of historians,
academic and popular, have criticised his command
of the British Expeditionary Force on the Western
Front, and he has also been the butt of one-liners
such as that (possibly apocryphal) attributed to a
German general of the First World War, that the
British soldiers were ‘lions led by donkeys’.
Terraine shows that by 1918, Haig, though still
keeping a soft spot in his heart for the long wishedfor cavalry breakthrough, understood the elements of
open warfare with infantry, supported by artillery and
the rudimentary and mechanically unreliable tanks of
the era. Finally, and rarely among his colleagues
and the politicians of the era, he recognised the
failing state of the German Army (forecast regularly
over the previous two years, but not actually realised
until mid-1918, after the Germans had suffered their
own experience of attacking in the March-April
offensives). This was the basis of his concentration
on achieving victory in 1918 with what he had, rather
than wait for the promised tank fleets of 1919.
Terraine gives Haig the credit that is due to him as
the successful commander of the largest British
force ever deployed in one theatre, but does not, at
least in the opinion of this reviewer, provide a
balanced assessment of Haig. The best assessment
of Haig (and the alternatives to him) may have been
given by Winston Churchill, quoted on page xii:
For more than a quarter of a century, from about
1960 into the 1980s, John Terraine wrote extensively
on the First World War.
From the reviewer’s
recollection of various works by Terraine that he has
read, much of this work attempted directly or
indirectly to rehabilitate Haig in the eyes of the world
(or at least the historians). This weighty volume, first
published in 1963 and recently reprinted under the
Cassell Military Paperbacks mark, was an early part
of this effort.
Like all of Terraine’s work it is a model of clear
writing, carefully marshalled evidence, and logical
thought. It is impossible to read this book without, in
the words of Cromwell, at least considering ‘the
possibility that [the others] may be wrong’. He
follows Haig’s career from his time as a civilian
student at Oxford, an unusual course of entry to the
Army in those days, through his early regimental
service (described as being ‘without particular
distinction’), to his departure from regimental service
ten years later. Terraine notes that at that point,
Haig left ‘the normal avenue of progess up the army
hierarchy … the ladder of command’.
He might be, he surely was, unequal to the
prodigious scale of events; but no one else was
discerned as his equal or better.
Lloyd George seemed to recognize this reality,
retaining Haig in command even though he lacked
full confidence in him.
Terraine discusses Haig’s military maturation, and
particularly his original thinking in South Africa in
relation to the capabilities of the cavalry, infantry and
artillery (but his criticism of the lance did not seem to
carry through to later years). Haig was an early
supporter of the Territorial Force of citizen soldiers,
developed under Haldane as Secretary of State for
War. This may have assisted him when he came to
command the great citizen armies of the War period.
In his discussion of Haig’s service between 1914 and
1918, Terraine shows that he did develop his
thinking as the War progressed. In this he was not
alone, but it must also be said that the field was not
crowded. Where Terraine is perhaps too charitable
is in not commenting on the slowness of this
development. While Plumer, for example, seemed
to come to grips with the particular problems of
For those with a deep interest in the First World War,
this is a useful book. As well, it traces as background
the development of the British Army from a colonial
security force in the 1880s to the modern, warwinning force of 1918. It contains lessons for those
who wish to change an army, but its principal
objective, to rehabilitate Haig’s reputation, is not
achieved.
REVIEWED BY JOHN DONOVAN
John Donovan worked in the Department of
Defence for over 32 years, principally in the
fields of intelligence, force development and
resource management. He also served for
several years in the Australian Army
Reserve (Infantry).
25
Reminiscences of a Halifax Bomber Pilot.
FLIGHT LIEUTENANT Sydney Alberto TOCCHINI, D.F.C.
Royal Australian Air Force who served with his Australian crew in 51 SQUADRON RAF
Contributed by his nephew – Association member Troy THOMAS
again there was not a lot of damage to the aircraft.
It still flew all right and at those relative speeds we
were quickly out of range. The reputation those
Panzer divisions had as crack troops was, in my
book, no fairy tale,
and a star to steer her by…………..
We were to go to Hamburg, which is in the
northern part of Germany. The area just before
the target and the area just through the target are
always likely to be where the German night fighter
aircraft will be lurking. Obviously they wouldn't be
flying around in their own anti aircraft defences.
Continued from the December 2009 newsletter:
We were on our way back from the Valley of the
Ruhr. It was at a time when the Allies were getting
on top in Europe and the German forces were in
general retreat, not a panic-stricken retreat, more
an orderly withdrawal to regroup. The Panzer
boys were elite troops and made up of very
mobile light-to-medium artillery and tanks
adaptable equally well for tank busting and antiaircraft defence or attack.
This night was no different and consequently
everyone available, that is the rear and mid-upper
gunners, the engineer, myself and Tony Slavich
now our wireless operator, were on very vigilant
watch for these people.
Tony was watching for them on "Fishpond", a
radar screen designed to pick up any aircraft in
the vicinity. With a lot of our own aircraft in the
area the trick is to know the difference between
one of ours and one of theirs. The alarm came
from Tony who had picked up a night fighter
coming towards us. That in itself was a rare talent
considering the closing speed of the two aircraft.
He passed, but had seen us, and in a short time
he was back and on our tail. About the only
defence a bomber has against a night fighter,
other than its own guns which were usually no
match for the fighter's cannons, was a corkscrew.
A force to be avoided, but in wartime you never
knew precisely what was going on outside your
own sphere of operations. And so it was on this
occasion. E Easy was the oldest aircraft on the
station and the slowest, which put us at the tail
end of the stream - never a good place to be.
At the height we were flying it was not possible to
see what was happening on the ground, so we
had no idea we were flying over a crack German
Panzer Division involved in the withdrawal.
Suddenly the Panzers opened up on the stream.
Instead of being on our way home relaxing a little
and thinking the worst was over we were in the
thick of it again with flak all around us. At the end
of the stream we were on our own, and one gun
selected us for special attention. We were
travelling at around 180 knots in one direction and
the Panzers probably travelling at say 30 mph in
the opposite direction, but it took those gunners
only three shots to get our range
This defensive flying manoeuvre is like flying an
aircraft on a course similar to a corkscrew lying on
a table, and consists basically of a diving turn to
one side, rolling the aircraft out of the turn at the
bottom of the dive and into a climbing turn to the
opposite side, rolling the aircraft out at the top of
the climb and into a diving turn in the opposite
direction again.
It was difficult for the fighter to follow you through
the spiral, the changing deflection angles making
it very hard for him to keep you in his gun sight.
When Tony picked him up on our tail he gave me
the bad news, and very smartly I started corkscrewing our way through the sky.
Their first shot was low, the second was too high,
but the third was right under our tail, and in no
seconds flat we were heading for the ground at
180 knots. Luckily we had a fair bit of height and
plenty of room to pull out of the dive, and luckily
26
Most aircraft have their own little peculiarities. We
were flying our own aircraft, E Easy, and she did
have some peculiar habits. One was the manner
in which the position of the rear guns affected her
aerodynamically. For instance, if the guns were
trained to Port the aircraft would climb and you
had to hold her down. If they were trained to
Starboard she would go into a dive and you had to
pull her up. When you realise that the gunners
were constantly searching the sky, their guns and
turrets moving from side to side, you can see that
it often made a pilot's life difficult; nevertheless it
was a necessary precaution.
sky, pointed to a star and said, "Put her on that
star for a minute or two and I'll give you a proper
course". Within minutes he was back with a new
course, which chanced to be not far off the course
I was steering for the star. The rest of the trip was
uneventful as uneventful as any trip over
Germany could be in wartime. Bottom line: we
arrived back at base safely.
Heligoland
Heligoland is a small island that
entrance to Germany from the North
be small but it is important because
aircraft destined for the northern part
must go somewhere near Heligoland.
During the corkscrew the gunners had to keep up
their search which of course meant moving the
guns from side to side. So it happened that as I
was pulling Easy out of a dive and into a climb
Peter swung his guns to Port, which meant that I
was pulling her up and the guns were pushing her
up, so we were climbing too quickly, and if that
continued the aircraft would stall.
guards the
Sea. It may
any ship or
of Germany
We saw a fair-bit of that savage little guardian aswe always seemed to be routed near it, and it
never failed to give us a very warm welcome.
My first introduction to Heligoland was at night,
and even though we had been warned what to
expect it came as a very unpleasant surprise. We
were on our way to the Ruhr Valley, our happy
hunting ground in the industrial heart of Germany
where it was said there were as many anti-aircraft
guns as there were altogether in the rest of
Germany.
I pushed hard forward on the control column,
which on an aircraft that size needed considerable
force, then Peter swung his guns to Starboard.
That certainly changed things a little and in a
hurry. We now had me pushing hard to get the
nose down, and the guns helping. Down went the
nose with such speed that the motors were
deprived of fuel and the four of them cut out
together with four loud bangs and clouds of black
smoke coming from each of them.
It was pitch dark and suddenly from this black
abyss erupted a stream of tracer shells, not quite
on our track, a little to port as I recall, but
hundreds of them in a constant stream, and every
shell looked as if it were about to hit us. I learned
a lot that night.
We were in a screaming dive, almost vertical to
the ground, and everybody not strapped in was
stuck to the roof of the aircraft. I levelled her out
as quickly as I could. Had it got wound up in that
dive it is unlikely that I would have had the
strength to pull it out. Fortunately the motors had
suffered no damage and as fuel reached them
they started up again without any trouble. I'm sure
that no night fighter could have followed us
through that manoeuvre; in fact I wonder what he
thought when we disappeared so suddenly off his
radar screen, as we surely must have done.
It is amazing to see those anti-aircraft shells
coming at you. They are blazing red as they leave
the gun muzzle, and when they are about half way
up you would swear that it is coming directly at
you and the thing you want to do is turn the
aircraft away, in any direction. That of course
would be a very dangerous thing to do because
there are aircraft all around you and in the dark
you would surely collide with one of them.
The drama was over in a few minutes, but after all
the scrambling around the sky it was time to sort
out just where we were in relation to where we
wanted to be. So I asked Frank, "Where are we?"
Frank didn't seem too concerned and replied,
"Look over the side, you should see a lake down
there". I looked over the side and had to inform
Frank there was no lake there. "Well," he said, "in
that case I'm buggered if I know where we are".
Not really thrilling news after all those aerobatics.
So you resist that almost overwhelming urge and
watch as what you think may be your last moment
approaches, then just when you are sure this it,
the shell passes you by, and you realize how the
height, and the night, and the speed of the
aircraft, and the speed of the shell, all combine to
affect your judgment. Strangely enough, when you
acquire the experience or whatever it is that
enables you to divorce yourself from what is really
happening -
But Frank was a navigator as good as any and
soon he came up beside me, looked around the
To be continued………………………………..
27
We got back into some heavy jungle after a while
and mainly onto just a trail through the jungle, no
real road or anything. The going became heavy
because the wet season was coming and there
was rain and mud everywhere. We were wet
most of the time. We found out that if it rained at
night and there was no cover, which there rarely
was, the best thing to do was to put your blanket
in the pack and simply sleep in the wet, because if
your blanket got wet, it not only became very
heavy to carry, but it took an awful long time to dry
out. We did sleep one night, I remember in a Thai
temple and we slept dry that night and another
night we slept underneath a school.
enlisted
as
secret
service agents and they
kept tab on us and they
reported to the British
where we all were.
Nobody knew where we
were going on this
march but my theory
was, and the other fellows agreed that we were
going to get lost. Japs didn’t want too many
prisoners found because they knew the war was
going against them and they just wanted to get rid
of us. We had to forage every afternoon when we
stopped, for firewood to cook our meal. I teamed
up with Harry Simister and another chap whose
name I can’t remember. We took turns in cooking
the evening meal which meant popping the rice
into the billycan, popping the greens or whatever
else we had with it and boiling it up and that was
the feed.
During the day we would try and gather up some
greens, whatever we could.
There was a
vegetable which grew wild on the side of the road.
It was called kan kong and it tasted just like
beans, cooked up and we presumed it had some
goodness. We were all getting pretty thin by now
because we were actually on the road for three
months. At one stage we had to cross a river (I
don’t know which one it was but it was a wide
river), about 300 yards across and with all the
rain, it was running like crazy. Thai boats were to
take us across. The one we got on was about the
same size as the one as we hold our reunion on
Anzac Day in Sydney. I suppose probably a
hundred of us were packed all over this damn
thing and we didn’t think it would ever get across
but the Thais were marvellous boatmen. They got
through no problem at all.
We were all starting to get a bit slim by now
because the food wasn’t real good. The Japs
were cranky buggers and they didn’t make life any
easier for us. We camped one night outside a
village and we were allowed to go off foraging for
firewood and about six of us wandered off
together and gathering firewood everywhere and
the Thais came out and they gave us all bunches
of bananas. We knew this was against the rules.
We weren’t allowed to accept anything like this
and on the way back, the Jap guard found us with
our bananas, he lined us all up and went through
us one by one with a ruddy great bamboo stick. I
finished up with a very sore shoulder and a cut on
the back of my head the medical orderly had to
put four stitches in afterwards.
But funnily
enough, we were allowed to keep the bananas.
Never could figure these Japs out.
If anybody got sick or injured on the march, we
carried them. We made up litters from rice bags
and a couple of bamboo poles and we took turns
to carry them until they got better or we carried
them until we finished the march. I got crook one
day. Instead of eating kan kong, I ate some other
thing that looked similar but it turned out to be
poisonous. The following morning I couldn’t even
stand up, so they carried me that day. But I did
my fair share in carrying other fellows, so it was
fairly evenly worked out. I think we probably
covered 400-500km on that march. The one thing
that stood out afterwards was the fact that
wherever we stopped overnight, there could be a
village nearby, nearly always one of the Saffron
Road monks would be wandering around. They
observed us at a distance all the way through.
We found out afterwards that the British had them
In August we were marching through a small
village (I think we were way up in the north
somewhere near Chang Mai) and the villagers
started to call out “war finish, war finish”. Through
the village, we marched on a bit further and I
happened to trip and fell over and fell out of line.
The Jap guard came up and shoved me with his
rifle butt and called get back in line. I lost my
bloody temper and I got up and pushed him and I
said “get out, you bloody bastard”. All the boys
said “oh wacko, good on you”. Fortunately, the
war was over and fortunately for me, the guard
knew it. Otherwise I’d have been history. That
night we were marched into a well built (obviously
a Thai Army camp, empty), with good well-built
wooden huts with wooden platforms to sleep on
and we cooked our meal up and climbed onto the
bunks and got a good night’s sleep. I had another
NX10682 PTE William Mackenzie LOWCOCK
2/19 Battalion A.I.F.
Bill’s story continues
from the December 2009:
28
good fortune that night. I woke up early and here’s
a Jap guard sitting on the foot of my bed asleep. I
had great pleasure in putting both my feet on his
backside and pushing him hard onto the floor.
The next day all the Japs disappeared. There
was a Thai town not far away and some decent
food arrived – not luxurious but fairly good
quantities and we all had a good feed. The
following day we were loaded onto a train in
carriages, no less, and we set off down south.
The Warrant Officer in charge of us was a
remarkable bloke. He was regular army and he
reminded me very much of Reg the way he looked
after the men. I know that after we got back
home, we were all interrogated to a degree and
everyone of us made a recommendation that this
bloke should get a medal for the way he looked
after everybody. I don’t know whether he ever got
one or not.
officials from Bangkok were there to greet us and
we were invited to tuck into this food. There were
cakes, pies, and fruits and you name it, it was
there. We had another feed. Then were moved
on trucks to what we believe was a university
building, a very large, well built stone and brick
place surrounded by a very high stone fence and
there was quite a lot of fellows who had been
brought back in and reassembled there. There
were hundreds of us, probably a thousand even.
There we had further medical exams and plenty of
food and we stayed there for the best part of a
week.
When the Japanese occupied Bangkok in 1941, a
lot of the businesses, the shops and whatever,
were occupied and run by Chinese. This was
pretty common throughout all the far eastern cities
and the Japanese didn’t like the Chinese and vice
versa, so they kicked the Chinese out of the
shops and gave all the businesses over to the
Thais. When the war finished, the Chinese
decided they wanted to have their shops back, but
the Thais weren’t co-operative. So a little bit of a
civil war erupted there for a few weeks. The
Chinese had a little habit of riding down the street
on a motor scooter and tossing a hand grenade
into one of their former shops. Another chap and I
were walking outside the camp at the university
one day and around the corner came a section of
Thai military with a light automatic. They set the
automatic up in the middle of the road and started
firing off. They weren’t firing at us but we were in
the line of fire and all of a sudden we found
bullets stitching a path across the rock wall that
surrounded the university. We dived for cover into
the ditch and crawled our way back inside.
We were on the train for two and a half days and
we arrived at another camp which had obviously
been a Japanese camp because there was an
aerodrome nearby (small drome). The train
stopped at a siding and we all got out and way up
front there was a British Officer a Major. He must
have been about 6’6” tall with a big moustache
and we found afterwards he was from the Royal
Marine Commandos. They had been in the
country for six months with the Thai monks cooperating with them and they knew exactly where
everybody was and what everybody was doing.
Funny thing the Major got hold of the Jap officer
who had been in charge of us and they went
walking away into the bush. A short while later
the Major came back. “Funny thing” he said, “the
poor beggar shot himself”. We noticed the Major
was carrying an American colt 45 automatic in his
belt.
After being occupied for 5 years, Bangkok was
revelling in its freedom. It was a most
extraordinary city, it never stopped – 24 hours a
day. The streets were full of people, the shops
were full of people and everybody was happy.
Very few motor cars in the city, but a lot of the
trishaws (the bicycles with the carriages on the
back) which replaced the rickshaws and motor
scooters and bicycles by the million. Friendly
people, all having a wonderful time and and we
wandered all over the place. Not much to do in
the town apart from sight seeing. There were little
bars everywhere but no beer, so we had to drink
the local whiskey which was made somewhere
out of town and pretty rough looking stuff it was
too, but it served the purpose. We stayed in
Bangkok for about a week or ten days then a
team of us was loaded onto a DC3 and flew down
to Singapore where there was a camp prepared
on the coast not far from where the big guns were,
about half way between Singapore and Changi.
Tents and ablution blocks and there were
probably 100 of us there. To be continued…
When we walked into this camp we found that
there were clothes available – shorts, shirts, no
boots, but sandshoes, hats and there was plenty
of food. Cooks were there. I don’t know where
they came from but they weren’t our boys. We
stayed there for the best part of a week. We were
vaccinated and inoculated and MO’s went through
us. I know my vaccination went sour on me and I
had a very sore arm for most of the time. Then
we got on the train and in another day and a half,
we arrived in Bangkok. On our way down we had
picked up a lot of other P.O.W.’s, some British,
but mostly Australian. When we were at the
aerodrome camp the British flew in a number of
Dakota planes and took the Brits to India.
Arriving in Bangkok, our total number would have
been about five hundred, all Australian. It was
most amazing. We came into the main railway
station at Bangkok, a big long one about as big as
Sydney’s. The whole length of the platform was
taken up with tables laden with food. All the
29
1
NX45804 Driver Herbert James McNAMARA, Carrier Pl, HQ Coy, 2/20 Battalion A.I.F.
Continued from December 2009 Newsletter
entered the list of those
who could "Take it". We
lost him when we
moved up, but his
reputation followed us.
He would often bash
other
guards
for
bashing us. I believe
that after the raids
started in earnest, he
was given a certificate
to say that he had never bashed a prisoner. His
indifference to the war effort kept him in jail most
of the time towards the end. He disliked the Nips
as much as we.
This was more than could be borne. Yet it was
borne. The doctors of the line stood it almost to a
man. Dunlop was a God, even to those who had
only heard of him, and to speak against our doctor
was to court a fight. Doctors aged faster than any
prisoners. No doubt there were exceptions who
didn't care; who were just in a job that could be
made easy, and were willing to do so. I know of
one who was content to make a daily run through
a hospital saying: How are you? Better? to each
patient in turn like a faith-healer on piece-work,
but for the most they sacrificed far more than they
could ever have been expected to have done to
bring men home. The engineers were given more
scope to use their initiative in bashing. The Tiger
put a stop to the worst of it later after the incident
with Oakie, but Oakie and Bamboo had a glorious
innings while it lasted.
My friends, he would say with a cheerful grin as
he watched the long columns of them marching
up through the mud and slush towards the Burma
Border; they will never come back, but I have
plenty more.
Bamboo was a specialist in mild oriental cruelties
that became much less mild when prolonged for
some time, and he would zealously look out for
the best excuse to use them. Oakie, a man of
simpler tastes, would rely on his fists or his feet,
or anything handy lying round, and would set to
work as the mood seized him without bothering to
find an excuse. (In justice to the film star after
whom he was called, I would mention that it was
not because of any resemblance either physical or
moral but because the star's surname happened
to coincide with Oakie's entire English vocabulary
a mis-pronunciation of the expression "O.K.") If
the rain made him cold, he was never at a loss for
a means to warm himself. The biggest villain God
shovelled guts into, the Bad Abbot said he was.
Any N.C.O. who protested on behalf of the victim
would be the object of a joint attack by these two
specialists.
THE EIGHTH WONDER
The railway was said to have been rejected by the
British as being impossible, because it would cost
too many lives and too much money. The former
error was due to placing some value on lives, and
the latter on the failure to realise that lives may be
used as a substitute for money. The railway was
such and such a length, each man could build so
much in such and such a time. Bring in a number
of men commensurate with the number of metres
and you had the means of building the entire
length of it, transport included. The whole line was
built by single men placing single baskets of earth
one on another; columns of men dragging logs
over narrow tracks in the jungle and thousands of
men beating away at the same simple task, each
adding a tiny fraction to the vast whole. They had
Chinese, Malays, Indians and they had us, and
they strung us along the narrow ribbon of the
jungle in thousands and thousands.
One day Bamboo picked on a man for some
trifling reason, and made him stand up holding a
stone over his head. Froggie, one of our
sergeants, protested persistently, and finally,
sought out a Japanese sergeant and protested to
him. The sergeant just laughed, but after a while
released the man and went away. When he was
gone Oakie and Bamboo took to Froggie, knocked
him down again and again, bashing and kicking
him indiscriminately. Each time Froggie rose to his
feet and glared defiance at them until they tired of
it for a time. They returned to their amusement at
intervals throughout the day. Froggie was never
really popular until that day. On that day he quietly
And to feed this fast army? If food couldn't be got
to them it just couldn't be helped. Japan couldn't
do the impossible. She could only replace those
who died. Eventually the railhead would reach
every place and those who were left - they would
be fed! In the same ant-like way the whole railway
was built. Futile beyond belief, some of the tasks
were, and yet each supplied a tiny piece to the
whole. Most futile of all was the job we had up
towards the rocky mountain at South Tonchian.
There we mined for dirt.
30
The Hill through which we were making a cutting
was a vast shell-back of rock in which the rain of
ages had washed small cavities, an arm's length
deep, and just wide enough to take a man's hand.
These were filled with dirt, and the hill was
covered with a small depth of it. When the dirt was
cleared away from the top the rock had to be
dynamited, but before this they insisted on us
reaching down into these small holes to scrape
out the dirt with our hands, saying they wanted it
to build an embankment. We literally dug through
rock to get dirt. I intended to bring a tin of it home
with me, but another factor intervened to make dirt
a commodity you didn't handle wantonly.
splitting is the chief characteristic of the
Nipponese engineer. If you were on a team at the
end of a rope and he called: More Squash!. He
meant a little more, and by a little more he meant
about four or eight inches. I don't know how many
hours you have to spend at Tokyo University to
get a M.Eg. degree. All the uprights were pile
driven by saw. Let me explain. The designer rules
that a log must be twenty feet long and eight feet
into the ground, thus leaving twelve feet projecting
above. The engineer gets the log pulled into
position and the prisoners are given the task of
continuously dropping a block onto it to drive it
into the ground. After the log has sunk to a depth
of about three feet, and then stopped, the
engineer calls a halt, saws five feet off the top of
the log, thus leaving five above the ground and
complying with the designer's specifications.
In one part I worked out that we were actually
being paid enough per yard for carting gravel to
make a living at it at home. We were paid
threepence half-penny a day, but by the time the
gravel was chained out of the creek-bed and
carried, a small basketful on the head, though
miles of jungle, it was costing them more in
money alone, that it could be been carted for by
truck over the same distance with Australian
wages paid. The bridges were the miracles of the
line. In some places the line is nothing but bridges
alternated with cuttings and all of these were
made from green timber cut from the side of the
line, dragged into place by hand, and fastened
together by iron dogs, wire, and the thinnest of
bolts. Many of these bridges are four tiers high four huge tree-trunks, warping and twisting as the
sun dried the sap from them, bearing the weight of
a heavy locomotive, and the majority were built
with human hands and ropes. An occasional
hand-winch on a bad job was the greatest
concession to the machine age.
Any further pile-driving is done by the engine. The
great weight of the locomotive soon drives the log
down to a firm bottom, and if the engine can pull
out of the hollow it has made, the line is built up to
the level of the line again with sleepers. It is an
impressive sight to see a bridge being opened to
traffic. Even prisoners are sometimes knocked off
to see it. The engine comes along loaded with
brass-hats (or whatever the war-time substitute for
brass may be) and these arrive looking very
pleased with themselves. They get out, take a
look at the bridge, and looking very much less
pleased with themselves, decide that a better view
could be obtained from the side. With a skeleton
staff, the engine proceeds until it reaches the
beginning of the bridge.
There are no De Groots to dash forth and open it
ahead of them. Then it moves slowly forward and
sinks slowly downward, while breathless Nips
measure the drop with their eyes. A drop of under
eighteen inches, if fairly gradual, is good, and the
engine will generally pull out of it. Then there is a
violent purge until the level is built up again. A
major engineering blunder has been made when
one side only gives way. In this case the engine
usually hurtles over the side. There is great
commotion in the High Command when this
happens. No, they don't tie a rope onto it and
make the prisoners pull it out - I don't know why !
A bridge that stands up to this preliminary trial
may yet be unfitted for heavy duty. Successful
crossings make engine-drivers over-confident. In
a thirteen klm train journey, we once saw about
two dozen trucks that rolled off bridges or weak
embankments. To see a bridge with the engine
crossing it, even after it has had a good bit of
traffic, is a truly horrifying sight. The novice is apt
to doubt the fitness of the structure even for
pedestrian traffic.
The cutting of the timber was the roughest of
guesswork. Numerous hands pulling on long
ropes made anything fit, and any gaps were
rectified by "packing". Thick wooden blocks
ranging from six inches down to an inch (the latter
for very accurate work) filled the vacancies. When
"pop-em-off' asked me for a couple of shims four
inches thick, I scarcely knew if he were being
sarcastic. The timber was always green - usually
the same day's cut. It was a stock joke to say that
there were no more bridges to be built, as a
Japanese scientist had perfected a means of
growing a new bridge by a cutting taken from an
old one. After the "wet", they sprouted like a
garden. They were kept there by the will of God
(in one of his most eccentric moments), and the
multiplication of struts. The latter would have
sufficed by themselves if support alone were the
problem, but the designer of the bridges also has
the difficult task of ensuring that there is sufficient
room under the bridge to allow at least some
water through. The engineers of the bridges
struck an admirable balance. A just scorn of hair-
To be continued………………..
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THE MARCH THROUGH SYDNEY ON 15 SEPTEMBER 1940
2/19 Battalion AIF Pipe Band with Lieutenant Colonel Duncan Maxwell MC
leading the Battalion followed by A Company.
Drum Major: Tom Scott, Front Row: Arthur Robb, Jock Crichton, Ray Downs, Lindsay Robb.
Second Row: Athol Nichols, Glen Scriven, Jock McInnes.
Bass Drum: Jack Corry. Drummers: George Cannon, Arthur Lake, Snow Ellis, Len Hodgson.
(PHOTO COURTESY OF REG NEWTON)
LAUNCH OF THE MONT ST QUENTIN BARRACKS
INGLEBURN ARMY CAMP ANTI-SMOKING CAMPAIGN (CIRCA 1995)
L to R: LCPL Charles JENSEN, Bn Clerical Assistant Mrs Clare LEBEDEVAS,
SSGT Geoff BRADDON OAM and WO1 R.L. (Zeke) MUNDINE OAM
(PHOTO COURTESY OF THE BRADDON FAMILY ARCHIVES)
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