Welcome to the Bureau Veritas Web Seminar
Children's Jewelry is No Child's Play:
Implementing the New ASTM Children's
Jewelry Safety Standard
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Bureau Veritas Presentation: November 2011
1
Confidentiality
“BUREAU VERITAS PROPRIETARY
Copyright Bureau Veritas 2011
DO NOT DISCLOSE OUTSIDE YOUR
ORGANIZATION WITHOUT BUREAU
VERITAS PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT”
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Webinar Agenda
Bureau Veritas Webinar
Panel:
Scope
Material Requirements
Mechanical and Labeling
Requirements
Questions
Moderator:
WEBNAR PANEL
Moderator:
Dave DartRick
– Supervisor,
Toy/Juvenile
Ro sati, Director
of l
Products Technical
Services Americas
Services Americas,
Bureau
Veritas
Presenter:
Dave Dart, Product Engineer,
Presenters:
Toys/Juvenile Products Technical
Meg Hughes
– Senior
Global Consulting
Services
Americas,
Bureau
Specialist, Veritas
Analytical Technical Services
Doug Boehm – Global Technical Engineer,
Toy/Juvenile Products Technical Services
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Bureau Veritas Presentation: November 2011
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Scope of ASTM F2923
► Jewelry designed and intended as an ornament to be worn and primarily
for use by children 12 years of age and younger. Such as:

Anklet

Arm cuff

Crown or tiara

Cuff link

Hair accessory with significant decoration

Pins (tie tacks and trading pins)



Watch in which the timepiece is a component of a ornament, excluding the
timepiece if it can be removed from the ornament
Jewelry components in craft kits
Attachments to shoes and clothing if they can be removed and worn as
jewelry
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Bureau Veritas Presentation: November 2011
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Toy Jewelry vs Non-Toy Jewelry
► ASTM F2923 only applies to actual children’s jewelry. Toy jewelry is
excluded from the scope.
► Real children’s jewelry is ornamental while toy jewelry has play value or
other interactivity
► Examples:

Necklaces worn by stuffed animals

Novelty Jewelry

Role-play jewelry
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Lead Content
► Surface Coatings - 90 pm total lead
► Substrates - 100 ppm total lead
• Includes metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, crystal
• Does not include CPSC exempted materials in 16 CFR 1500.91
•
Stainless steel or certain surgical steels
•
Precious metals
•
Natural and cultured pearls
•
Certain semiprecious gemstones
•
Wood
•
Paper and similar materials
•
Textiles
•
Plant-derived and animal-derived materials
•
CMYK printing inks
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Materials Excluded from Lead Testing
► Stainless or surgical steel within the designations of Unified Numbering
System UNS S13800 – S66296, not including the stainless steel designated
as 303 Pb (UNS S30360), provided that no lead or lead-containing metal is
intentionally added
► Precious metals: gold (at least 10 karat); sterling silver (at least 925/1000);
platinum; palladium; rhodium; osmium; iridium; ruthenium; titanium
► Natural or cultured pearls
► Precious gemstones: diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald
► Semiprecious gemstones and other minerals, provided they are not based
on lead or lead compounds, excluding aragonite, bayldonite, boleite, cerussite,
crocoite, ekanite, linarite, mimetite, phosgenite, samarskite, vanadinite and
wulfenite
► Paper and similar materials made from wood or other cellulosic fiber,
including, but not limited to, paperboard, linerboard and medium, and coatings
on such paper that soak into the paper and cannot be scraped off the surface
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Materials Excluded from Lead Testing
► Wood, provided it is not treated in any way to add lead
► Textiles (excluding after-treatment applications, including screen prints,
transfers, decals or other prints) consisting of:
• Natural fibers (dyed or undyed), including, but not limited to, cotton, kapok,
flax, linen, jute, ramie, hemp, kenaf, bamboo, coir, sisal, silk, wool (sheep),
alpaca, llama, goat (mohair, cashmere), rabbit (angora), camel, horse, yak,
vicuna, qiviut, guanaco or
• Manufactured fibers (dyed or undyed), including, but not limited to, rayon,
azlon, lyocell, acetate, triacetate, rubber, polyester, olefin, nylon, acrylic,
modacrylic, aramid, spandex
► Other plant-derived and animal-derived materials, including, but not limited
to, animal glue, bee’s wax, seeds, nut shells, flowers, bone, sea shell, coral,
amber, feathers, fur, leather in its natural state not treated in any way to add
lead
► CMYK printing process inks (excluding spot colors, inks that are not used in
the CMYK process, inks that do not become part of the jewelry substrate, and
inks used in after-treatment applications, including screen prints, transfers,
decals or other prints)
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Body Piercing Materials
► Must be made exclusively of the following materials
• Surgical implant stainless steel
• Surgical implant grades of titanium
• Niobium (Nb)
• Solid 14 karat or higher white or yellow nickel-free gold
• Solid platinum
• Dense low porosity plastic (e.g., Tygon or PTFE) with no intentionally added
(less than 100 ppm) lead
► Only applicable to materials intended for placement in a new piercing
or a mucous membrane
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Soluble Heavy Metals in Surface Coatings
► 7 Heavy Metals
7 Heavy Metals
•
•
•
•
60 ppm Antimony
25 ppm Arsenic
1000 ppm Barium
75 ppm Cadmium
•
•
•
60 ppm Chromium
60 ppm Mercury
500 ppm Selenium
► ASTM F963 / EN71:3 test method for toys
• Scrape and sieve each color separately, when possible
• 2 hour extraction at 37°C
• Correction factor applied
• Less than 10 mg of color per sample not tested.
Between 10 -100 mg per sample calculated as 100 mg.
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Cadmium in Metal and Plastic Materials
► Initial screening: 300 ppm total cadmium
► If exceeds 300 ppm total cadmium, must meet one extractable limit
• If component is a small part
• Plastic: test to EN-71:3 and meet 75 ppm soluble limit
• Metal: test to CPSC method CPSC-CH-E1004-11 and meet 200 µg limit
• If component is not a small part, but can be mouthed
• Plastic or metal: test to a modified version of the CPSC Standard Operating
Procedure for Measuring Lead in Children’s Metal Jewelry, dated Feb. 3,
2005, section ll (Saline Extraction). Shall not exceed 18 µg limit.
► Small part
• In the as-received state or after a 15 lb, 10 second tension test
• Fits entirely in CPSC small part truncated cylinder
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Cadmium Extractable Test Methods
► CPSC-CH-E1004-11 (small part metal)
• Intact sample submerged in 0.07N HCl acid for 24 hours in a shaker bath at
37°C
• 30% correction factor applied
• 200 µg limit
► EN71:3 (small part plastic)
• Sample cut into 5 mm x 5 mm pieces and extracted in 0.07N HCl acid for 2
hours in a shaker bath at 37°C.
• 30% correction factor applied
• 75 ppm soluble limit
► Saline Extraction (metal and plastic – not small parts)
• Intact sample, when possible, suspend in 0.9% saline solution for 6 hours in a
shaker bath at 37°C.
• 18 µg limit
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U.S. States Cadmium Laws
State
Age
Scope
Limit
Minnesota
6 years and younger
Accessible metals and
plastics
75 ppm soluble
(ASTM F963)
Connecticut (July 1,
2014)
12 years and
younger
Any compound or alloy,
any component
75 ppm total
Illinois
12 years and
younger
Accessible coatings and
substrates
75 ppm soluble
(ASTM F963)
Maryland (July 1,
2012)
Under 13 years of
age
Any compound or alloy,
any components
75 ppm total
California (Jan. 1,
2012)
6 years and younger
Accessible and
inaccessible materials, all
materials
300 ppm total
CA Prop 65
settlements
Children and adult
Accessible and
inaccessible materials,
some exempt materials
300 ppm total
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Canadian and European Cadmium Laws
► Europe – REACH (Dec. 10, 2011)

Children and adult

Metals 100 ppm total

Plastics: 100 ppm total

Coatings: 1000 ppm total
► Canada – PROPOSED

Children (younger than 15 years)

All materials

130 ppm total
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Nickel in Metal Materials
► Must meet migratable nickel limits, consistent with BS EN 1811:1999
and EN 12472
► Post assemblies for piercings
• 0.2 µg/cm2/week
► All other metal parts intended to come into direct and prolonged contact
with the skin
• 0.5 µg/cm2/week
► Simulating wear and corrosion
► Tumble for 5 hours, submerge in artificial sweat solution for 1 week
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Liquid Filled Jewelry
► Meet the requirements of
• 16 CFR 1500.231 – non-hazardous materials
• 16 CFR 1500.14 special labeling
• ASTM F963 for liquid filled requirements
•
Flashpoint of potentially volatile combustible materials (150 ˚F / 65.6 ˚C)
•
Shall not contain hazardous liquids (Ethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Methanol,
Mercury, Methylene chloride, Petroleum distillates, Toluene, Xylene, Benzene,
Turpentine)
•
Pure water: <100 CFU/ml of total plate count and <1 CFU/100ml of total coliform
•
USP 61 Microbial limit test (Salmonella, E. Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or
Staphylococcus aureus and be subject to requirements of < 5,000 CFU/ml for total
viable count (total plate count + yeast & mold count))
•
USP 51 Preservative effectiveness
•
Toxicological Risk Assessment: must not be toxic (acute), a skin irritant, eye
irritant, corrosive, or a strong sensitizer
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Use and Abuse
► Children’s jewelry is subject to 16 CFR 1500.50-53 for 0-96 months
age
• Abuse testing including: Drop, Torque,Tension
• Parameters based on age range
► Shall not present a hazard before or after testing
• Sharp points and edges (functional hazards may be exempt, ex: pin posts)
• Small parts, 0-3 years (some products may be exempt, ex: hair clips)
► These are federal requirements and children’s jewelry has always been
required to comply
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Magnets
► Primarily follows ASTM F963 Toy safety requirements for magnets
• Use and Abuse testing for magnets as defined in F963
• Hazardous magnet, size and strength as defined in F963
• Exempts long chains (6+ inches) which may fit in the small part cylinder
► Labeling of as received magnets for over 8
years of age
• Warns of risk that magnets can attract across
intestines, cause serious injury or death, seek
medical attention if swallowed
• Magnetic earrings should be moved to
prevent tissue damage and not be used in
nose or mouth
• High risk of inhalation or swallowing when
misused
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Breakaway Tension Test
► To prevent entanglement or strangulation by necklaces
► Loop must release under 15 pounds in the fixture

Breakaway section

Clasp releases (such as magnetic clasp)

Chain mechanically releases or breaks
Fixed 0.170” rad. rod
Free length of chain
Looped
jewelry
Free 1.5” rad.
pulley
Tension Test
Fixture
15 lbs
side view
15 lbs
► Necklace can be broken but must not release a hazard
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Batteries
► Some non-toy children’s jewelry may contain batteries
► Battery requirements are taken from the ASTM F963 Toy Standard
► Small part batteries must be inaccessible without the use of a tool or
coin

AAA or smaller and Button cells are small parts
► Labeling

When more then one replaceable battery
• “Do not mix old and new batteries”
• “Do not mix alkaline, standard (carbon-zinc),
or rechargeable (nickel-cadmium) batteries”

Polarity markings (exempt for button cells)
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Other Labeling and Ban
► High amount of incident data showed earring embedment common
among children

Infections and skin growing over backing

Likely more common with new piercings
► Larger washer style backings and warning to inspect piercing regularly
is recommended, though not required
► Suction tongue studs are prohibited
as children’s jewelry

Fake tongue piercings that use suction to attach

Previously banned in Australia and New Zealand
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Thank You for Attending!
Questions?
Email us at [email protected]
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regulatory requirements and is provided “as is.” BVCPS will not be liable for any indirect, special, punitive, consequential or other damages (including without limitation lost profits) of any
kind in connection with this webinar. BVCPS DISCLAIMS ALL REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, IN CONNECTION WITH THIS WEBINAR.
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