Kingdom Protista
KINGDOM PROTISTA Biology 106 By: Sameera Haq Professor Taylor Anderson-McGill How are protists different from other kingdoms? Most protists are found to be mainly unicellular and sometimes as colonial/multicellular (unspecialized cells) They have characteristics that are almost animal, plant, or fungi like but do not exactly fit into those kingdoms What are some general characteristics of protists ? Composed of eukaryotic cells Membrane bound organelles DNA found in the nucleus Plant-like-autotrophs, non-motile Animal-like-heterotrophs, motile Fungi-like - decomposers, some motility What are the three kind of cellular movements found in animal-like protists ? Flagella- which are long tail like structures that is moved back and fourth Ex. Euglena Pseudopod- (false foot) changes it shape by pushing the cytoplasm in one direction Ex. Paramecium Cilia- are small hair like structures that move back and forth creating movement Ex. Amoeba Animal-like Phyla Phylum Zoomastigophora Phylum Rhizopoda Phylum Ciliophora Phylum Sporozoa Phylum Foraminifera *All of these phyla are unicellular Phylum Zoomastigophora All use flagella for locomotion Heterotrophic Ex. Trichonympha Flagellas Phylum Rhizopoda Forms psuedopods for movement Heterotropic (cellular eating) Ex. Amoeba proteus Psuedopods Phylum Ciliophora Uses many cilia for locomotion as well as for feeding Heterotrophic Cilia Ex. Paramecium Phylum Sporozoa Parasite No locomotion (nonmotile) Heterotrophic Red blood cells Ex. Plasmodium (causes malaria) Plasmodium Phylum Foraminifera Uses podia (similar to pseudopods) for movement Heterotrophic Ex. Foram Shells Plant-like Phyla Phylum Chlorophytha Phylum Phaeophyta Phylum Rhodophyta Phylum Bacillarophytha Phylum Chlorophyta Unicellular or Colonial Autotrophic Some organisms are motile Also known as green algae Ex. Chlamydomonas Flagella present therefore motile Chloroplast Phylum Phaeophyta Multicellular Autotrophic Also known as brown algae/brown sea weeds Ex. Macrocystis Phylum Rhodophyta Multicellular Autotrophic Also known as red algae Ex. Chondrus crispus Phylum Bacillarophytha Unicellular or colonial Both autotrophic and heterotrophic Most of them have exoskeletons (shells) Ex. Diatoms Fungi-like Phyla Phylum Myxomycota Phylum Arasciomycota Phylum Oomycota Phylum Myxomycota Unicellular and Multicellular Heterotrophic Use flagella for locomotion Ex. Plasmodial slime molds Phylum Arasciomycota Unicellular and Multicellular Heterotrophic “Slug like” movement Ex. Cellular slime molds Phylum Oomycota Unicellular and Multicellular Heterotrophic Uses flagella for locomotion Ex. Phytopthora infestans Practice Questions Try practicing using a key What is the domain? Eukarya What is the kingdom? Protista What is the phylum? Ciliophora What is the genus name? Paramecium What are the tiny hair like projection? Cilia Is it heterotrophic or autotrophic? Heterotrophic Where is and what is the function of the contractile vacuole? Its function is to regulate water and salt balance Is this eukaryotic or prokaryotic? Eukaryotic How does this organism produce movement? Flagella Is this unicellular or multicellular? Unicellular What is the phylum? Phylum Chlorophyta What is that also known as? Green Algae What is the genus name? Volvox Are they unicellular or colonial? Colonial What is the common name? Seaweed What is the phylum? Phylum Phaeophyta How does this organism move? Using pseudopods How does this organism feed? Through phagocytosis
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