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DR.P.K.RATH
MD(PATH)
GURU BRAHMA
GURU VISHNU
GURU DEVO
MAHESWARAHA
GURU
SHATHSHATH
PRA BRAMMAM
DHASMAI
SREE GURUVE
NAMAHA
QUALITY ASSURANCE IN BLOOD BANKING
Aravindakshan. MURALIDHARAN
Doctors Blood Bank & Research Centre
Trichy
INTRODUCTION
 WHO defines the term QUALITY as, “ The consistent
and reliable performance of Services or product in
conformity with specified standards”
 QUALITY ASSURANCE is vital for the successful
operations of any blood transfusion services.
The All Important - Blood Donor OUR DEMIGOD
 Donor Motivation
 Donor Awareness
 Donor Incentive
Donor Selection
 The Single most important factor towards Our Final Goal
SAFE BLOOD
Donor Experience
Donor Retention
Adherence to the SOPs
Blood Collection
 Blood Bank policy regarding the blood usage
 Choice of Bags : Quality of bag/ Type of Bag,
Examination of Bags.
 Good phlebotomy procedures
 Blood Donor recovery and refreshment
Blood Component Preparation : SOPs as per NABH, DGHS Guidelines for the
preparation of Red Cells, FFP, Platelets & Cryo.
 Instrument calibration and validation
Storage
 Calibration and validation of various equipments
involved in storage such as BBRs, Deep Freezers,
Platelet incubator and agitator etc.
Q A in Screening of Blood
 Grouping : Manual / Automated
 TTI Screening : Manual / Automated
Quality control in this with positive control, negative
controls, L J chart in this will help.
QC of Blood Component Preparation
 Whole blood :
 Volume : 350mls excluding anticoagulant
 HCT : 40±5%
 pH > 6.5
 K < 27mmol/L
 Sterility : no growth
Red Cell Concentrates
The expected values
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Volume : 280ml ± 50ml, frequency of control 1% of all units
HCT : 65- 75 %
pH > 6.5
K < 78 mmol/L
Sterility : no growth
Platelet Concentrates :
 Volume > 30ml
 pH : 6.8-7.4
 Plt count : at least 5.5 x 1010 /bag in at least 75% of the units
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tested at the end of the storage.
By apheresis : minimum 3 x 1011/bag platelets in at least 75%
units tested
WBC contamination: < 2 x 103/bag.
RBC contamination: minimal
Macroscopic appearance : no visible platelets aggregates
Sterility : no growth
Fresh frozen plasma
 Quality Control
 Volume: 175 - 250ml
 Should contain necessary units of factor VIII, factor IX,
vWF and other plasma clotting factors
 Macroscopic Examination: no abnormal color
or visible clots
Cryo precipitate
Quality Control :
 Volume : 10- 15 ml
 Factor VIII : 80 – 100 units/ Conc.
 Fibrinogen : 150 – 250mg/ Conc.
 von-Willebrand factor :40–70% of the original
 Fibronectin : 55 mg
 Factor XIII: 20-30% of the original
 Sterility: no growth
References : Compendium of Transfusion Medicine – Dr. Makroo
Issue of Blood Products:
 SOPs for issue of individual products
 Thawing procedures and calibration for thawing bath
 Packing and transportation of the products
QC FOR EQUIPMENT
Trouble shooting of untoward incidences
 Reporting and recording of untoward incidences
 Recall of components and rechecking
(separate SOP for this should maintain)
Changes in SOP for prevention of such incidences
TO CONCLUDE
 Donor Selection and Retention
 Instrument calibration
 Test Validation
 Maintanence of periodic QC of various blood products
 Strict adherence to SOPs
 Good Laboratory Practices - GLP
Quality Assurance is the right
of every patient and it is the
Duty of Every Blood Centre.
References:
 Compendium of Transfusion Medicine by
Dr. R.N, Makroo MBBS, DIBT, MD
Second Edition 2009.
 Transfusion Medicine Technical Manual by
Director General of Health Services, INDIA Second Edition 2003
Thank you