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GM’s Global Engine Oil Specification
dexos®
C
QA
May 2014
Topics…….
• dexos® & Industry - A brief history
• Next Generation dexos
• Performance Objectives
• Current dexos versus dexos, The Sequel
• Next Generation Tests
• Timing
• dexos® licensing program review
• dexos® website
• Summary
A History of Engine Oil Specifications in U.S.
More Stringent Performance Requirements Have Resulted in
Higher Quality Oils
Next
Generation
First Global GM
Engine Oil
Specification
1st True
S-Category
OEM’s
Dissatisfied:
ILSAC
Created
Additional
Tests
Added
ILSAC GF-1
(API SH)
API SE
API SF
ILSAC GF-(A&6B)
(API SP)
ILSAC GF-3
(API SL)
OEM’s
Develop 1st
Oil Tests
Defined
Retrospectiv
ely
ILSAC GF-4
(API SM)
ILSAC GF-5
(API SN)
ILSAC GF-2
(API SJ)
API
SG
API
SD
API
SA
API
SB
API
SC
Straight Inhibited 1964 1968 1972
Mineral
Only
Oil
1980
1989
1992
1997
2001
Model Year Warranty Approved
2005
2011 2012
2015 2017
A Recent History of Engine Oil Specifications in U.S.
First Global GM
Engine Oil
Specification
Next
Generation
ILSAC GF-4
(API SM)
ILSAC GF-3
(API SL)
ILSAC GF-1
(API SH)
1990
1992
ILSAC GF-2
(API SJ)
1997
2001
2005
Model Year
2011
2012
2015
2017
Engine Power density
ILSAC GF-(A&6B)
(API SP)
ILSAC GF-5
(API SN)
dexos® review: Goals
•
•
Aligned with Corporate Goals
•
Global Common
•
Fuel Economy Improvements (initial and retained)
•
Engine Oil Robustness Improvements
•
Catalyst Friendly
•
Hardware Enabling
•
Self-sustaining specification
EOLS Compliant - compliments Oil Life System
•
•
provides for optimized oil drain intervals where EOLS is used
Customer Focused
•
Lower cost of ownership
•
Improved Customer Satisfaction
dexos® review - A brief history
•
•
First use –
•
Factory Fill in Europe 2010 Model Year
•
Factory Fill Globally 2011 Model Year
Engine Status – 2007-08
•
4, 5, 6, and 8 cylinder engines
•
Most are Port Fuel Injection
•
Few Direct Injection and Turbo engines
Factory Fill
dexos™ review – Global Application
dexos 1
for spark ignited engines
Service Fill
dexos 1 for spark ignited / dexos 2 for diesel engines
dexos 2 for spark ignited and diesel engines
dexos 2
for diesel engines
dexos® review….
• dexos1™ - Specification Highlights
• 11 Engine Tests covering:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
High Temperature Oxidation
Sludge
Fuel Economy
Piston Cleanliness
Component Wear
Aeration
Low Temperature Pumpability
• Chemical & Physical Tests:
•
•
•
•
•
Viscosity
Catalyst Compatibility
Anti-foam Tendency
Corrosion
Shear Stability
• Elastomer Compatibility
dexos® review….
• dexos1™
- Specification Highlights
• Combination of CEC, ASTM, and GM engine tests
• CEC/ACEA Tests:
• Peugeot TU5JP-L4
• Peugeot TU3M
• M-111 (Replaced by the M-271) Sludge
• M-111 Fuel Economy (if available)
• ASTM/ILSAC Tests:
• Sequence IIIG
• Sequence IIIGA
• Sequence VG
• Sequence VIB/VID
• Sequence VIII
• GM Tests:
• GMPTE-T DUR020 (OP-1)
• GMPTE-T MEC024 (Aeration)
• GMPTE-T DUR021 (RNT)
Performance Comparison
dexostmreview….
• dexos2™
- Specification Highlights
• 15 Engine Tests covering:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
High Temperature Oxidation
Sludge
Fuel Economy
Piston Cleanliness
Component Wear
Aeration
Low Temperature Pumpability
Diesel Soot Control
• Chemical & Physical Tests:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Viscosity
Catalyst Compatibility
Anti-foam Tendency
Corrosion
Shear Stability
Elastomer Compatibility
dexostmreview….
• dexos2™
- Specification Highlights
• Combination of CEC, ASTM, and GM engine tests
• CEC/ACEA Tests:
• Peugeot TU5JP-L4
• Peugeot TU3M
• M-111 (Replaced by the M-271) Sludge
• M-111 Fuel Economy
• DV4TD
• OM646LA
• VW DI
• ASTM/ILSAC Tests:
• Sequence IIIG
• Sequence IIIGA
• Sequence VG
• GM Tests:
• GMPTE-T DUR020 (OP-1)
• GMPTE-T MEC024 (Aeration)
• GMPTE-T DUR021 (RNT)
• GMPTE-T DUR019
Performance comparison
Performance Comparison
Next Generation dexos®
•
Objectives
•
Fuel Economy
•
Turbo Charger deposits
•
Aeration
•
Stochastic Pre-Ignition
•
Wear
•
Oxidation
•
Deposits
Next Generation dexos®
•
•
Industry Engine Test Status
•
Sequence IIIG status and replacement
•
Sequence IVA status and replacement
•
Sequence VG status and replacement
•
Sequence VID status and replacement
New Industry Concerns
•
Low Speed Pre-Ignition (LSPI)
•
Chain Wear
•
New SAE J300 viscosity grades
dexos® Next Gen. Engine Tests
• dexos1®
- Next Gen Specification Highlights
• Combination of CEC, ASTM, and GM engine tests
• CEC/ACEA Tests:
• M-271 Sludge (M271 Evo)
• M-111 Fuel Economy (if available)
• ASTM/ILSAC Tests:
• Sequence VH
• Sequence VID/VIE
• Sequence VIII
• GM Tests:
• OP-2
• Aeration
• GMOD
• Turbo Charger Deposit Test
• Wear Test
• Stochastic Pre-Ignition
• Vehicle Fuel Economy Test
dexos® Engine Test review….
Sequence VIE Fuel Economy test status
• The 2012 LY7 3.6L engine is available to the labs from the central parts
distributor.
• Evaluation of a 0W-16 oil supplied by ASTM TMC has begun. Initial results are
positive.
• Exhaust valve leakage has been experienced at some labs
• due to deposit build-up between the valve and seat.
• Testing has shown that the deposit build-up can be eliminated using a
Top-Tier fuel additive package in the fuel.
• The fuel supplier is now supplying the “new” the fuel to all labs
• Changes to the test procedure by the ASTM Surveillance Panel has increased
the test duration from 155 hours to 200 hours
• Additions to the procedure include tighter specifications around the test
stand external oil circuits to reduce Lab to Lab variation.
dexos® Engine Test review….
GM Oxidation and Deposit test status
• LSX V8 based
• Twenty-four tests completed
• Current testing (ongoing)
• Piston and ring hardware verification progressing favorably
• Finalize test stand hardware
• Next steps
• Finalize test cycle conditions
• Evaluate GMOD reference oil performance
• GMOD LTMS guidelines reviewed by TMC.
• Test procedure and test stand setup kit expected to be available Q1 2014
• Precision matrix expected to start Q1 2014
dexos® Engine Test review….
GM Aeration test status
• 2013 5.3L V8 LC9 engine
• 20 GM Aeration tests completed at SwRI
• Aeration test candidate oils are provided by several additive companies
• 20 oils have been tested
• 9 oils are ready to evaluate for viscosity grade and antifoam effects
• Current testing
• VGRA (a wide range including low viscosity 0W-16)
• Test stand hardware, test cycle conditions and procedure to be finalized Q1
2014
• Precision matrix expected to start in Q1 2014
• 8 tests ( 4 for good oil and 4 for bad oil) per engine
• Next steps
• Evaluate GM’s dexos1 and dexos2 oils performance
• Establish appropriate aeration targets
dexos® Engine Test review….
GM Turbocharger Deposit test status
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1.4L engine
24 GMTC tests completed at IAR
5 GMTC Test stands
Flush and run new turbocharger start/stop evaluation
GMTC reference oils under evaluation
Current Testing
•
Test duration reduction
Next Steps
•
Finalize test cycle set points, durations and acceptance parameters
Test procedure expected to be available early Q1 2014
Precision matrix expected to start Q1 2014
dexos® Engine Test review….
GM Stochastic Pre-Ignition test status
• 2.0 liter Direct Injected Turbo
• Evaluated high and low SPI oils of one technology
• Observed directional differences between oils
• Test conditions set and procedure completed
• Test precision determination
• Two engines
• Several additive technologies
• April 2014 completion for testing
• Establish specification limit
• June 2014
dexostm1 Owner’s Manual….
2011 Chevrolet Cruze
dexostm1 Owner’s Manual….
2014 Chevrolet Impala
Next Gen dexostm…….
• Targets • Regulations – Fuel economy and emissions
• USA – 35.5 mpg by 2016 (250 g/mile CO2)*
• USA – 54.5 mpg by 2025 (163 g/mile CO2)*
• European – CO2 limits
• 2015 – 130 g/km
• 2022 - 95 g/km
• New vehicles utilize a global platform
• Evolving technology – Hybrids (HEV’s, PHEV’s), Fuel Cell,
Forced induction, Alternative Fuels
• Driving technological innovation
• Increased fuel economy
• Reduced emissions
• Global use of EOLS
* Source: EPA.gov.
dexos™ Viscosity Grades
Factory fill: 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30,, 0W-30
Service Fill: 0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30, 0W-30
Factory Fill: 5W-30, 0W-40
Service Fill: 5W-30, 0W-30, 5W-40, 0W-40
Licensing Program Goals for dexos™
• Ensure the right dexos gets into the vehicle
• Emphasize proper viscosity/vehicle for the installer and
end-user
• Improve process for approving dexos™ suppliers and
monitoring dexos™ quality
• Maintain a long-term sustainable approach to generate
revenue for
•
•
•
•
•
Future test development
Future specification development
Current test maintenance and monitoring
Lubricant quality monitoring
End-user and installer education & awareness
dexos™ Information Center

Website
• www.GMdexos.com

Information:
•
For manufacturers/licensees
•
•
How to license
For Service Provider
•
Licensed Manufacturers
•
License brands
•
For Vehicle Owner
•
Other useful information
•
Engine oil articles
dexos™ Information Center
Customer Website
dexos™ Information Center
Licensee Website
dexos™ Licensing Status
Licensing Status

All Major Brands in North America are licensed;

ExxonMobil


BP Castrol


Havoline
Ashland


Castrol Edge, etc.
Chevron


Mobil 1, etc.
Valvoline
Shell

Pennzoil

Quaker State

Helix
Final remarks

Next Generation dexos™ is expected to be completed in 2015

The dexos™ licensing program is self-sustaining and provides a means to

•
fund on-going development
•
conduct targeted oil quality monitoring (bulk & package)
•
increase customer & installer awareness
The dexos™ licensing program – continuous improvement
Transmission Fluid Specifications
All GM 6 Speed transmissions,
use DEXRON® VI transmission
fluid. Failure to use the proper fluid
may result in internal damage to
the transmission.
Thank you
C
Q
A